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High-Yield PLAB 1 Important Topics | Medicos Republic 16/9/2019, 06)15
In this article, we are going to share with you high-yield PLAB 1 topics which you must study thoroughly before
maximum. This list of important PLAB 1 topics has been devised by a community of online International Medical
been closely monitoring PLAB 1 past papers and what they have noticed are recurring patterns and topics which
the “favourites” of the examiners preparing the PLAB 1 exam. So, the PLAB community has prepared a list of hig
has been made public so that maximum people could benefit from it.
We came across this document containing high-yield PLAB 1 topics last night so decided of sharing it here as a b
well. We hope our readers will find this blog post useful!
Here are a few of our most popular articles related to the PLAB licensure exam:
**RECOMMENDED READING**
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High-Yield PLAB 1 Important Topics | Medicos Republic 16/9/2019, 06)15
Below are the high-yield PLAB 1 topics divided subject/topic-wise. It is highly recommended that you have a ver
topics for excelling in the exam:
HAEMATOLOGY
1. Abnormal blood film
a) Peripheral blood film (red cell, white cell and platelets)
b) Differential white cell count
c) Pancytopenia
d) Bone marrow failure
e) ESR
f) Hyperviscosity syndrome
g) Spleen and splenectomy
4. Immunosuppressive drugs
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High-Yield PLAB 1 Important Topics | Medicos Republic 16/9/2019, 06)15
f) Pernicious anaemia
g) Haemolytic anaemia
h) Sickle cell anaemia
i) Thalassaemia anaemia
j) Transfusion (safety & procedures)
k) (Myeloproliferative disorders)
2. Infection
a) abscess;
b) puerperal mastitis
3. Benign
a) fibro-adenoma;
b) fibro-adenosis;
c) fat necrosis; cysts)
4. Nipple
a) discharge;
b) inversion;
c) Paget’s
CARDIOVASCULAR
1. Chest Pain
a) Acute myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome and angina
b) Acute myocardial infarction (MI)
c) Acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
d) Angina pectoris
e) Electrocardiogram (ECG) – normal and abnormal
f) Investigations (cardiac catheterization; echocardiography; nuclear
cardiology; ECG: exercise/ ambulatory)
g) Complications of MI (arrhythmias; hypertension)
h) Atherosclerosis
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4. Palpitations
a) Bradycardia
b) Narrow complex tachycardia
c) Atrial fibrillation and flutter
d) Broad complex tachycardia
e) Pacemakers
6. Peripheral oedema and Heart failure including valvular heart disorder and
rheumatic heart disease
a) Rheumatic fever
b) Mitral valve disease
c) Aortic valve disease
d) Right heart valve disease
e) Indications for cardiac surgery
f) Infective endocarditis
g) Diseases of heart muscle including myocarditis
h) Pericardial disease
i) Dyspnoea in heart failure
DEVELOPMENTAL PROBLEMS
1. Congenital Abnormalities
a) Ventricular septal defect
b) Atrial septal defect
c) Patent ductus arteriosus
d) Aortic stenosis
e) Pulmonary stenosis
f) Coarctation of the aorta
g) Fallot’s tetralogy
h) Transposition of the great arteries
i) Tricuspid atresia
j) Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
k) Persistent truncus arteriosus
l) Hypoplastic left heart
m) Pulmonary atresia
n) Ebstein’s anomaly
o) Polycystic kidneys
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DIGESTIVE
1. Abdominal Mass
a) Organomegaly
b) Hernias
c) Ascites
2. Abdominal Pain
a) Perforation
b) Obstruction
c) Ischaemia
d) Aneurysm (see also under Cardiovascular/ Peripheral arterial disease)
e) Inflammatory conditions (including diverticulitis; appendicitis, pancreatitis)
f) Colic: ureteric (see also under Renal), Biliary/ gallbladder (see also under
Jaundice)
4. Facial Swelling
a) Cancer
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b) Sinusitis
c) Salivary glands
d) Teeth
e) Oral cavity
f) Lymph nodes (see also under Blood and lymph)
5. Jaundice
a) Pre-hepatic (including haemolysis)
b) Hepatic (including drug-induced)
c) Post-hepatic (including biliary obstruction)
6. Lower GI Problems
a) Including faecal incontinence
b) Spurious diarrhoea and encopresis
c) Cancer
d) Ulceration
e) Bleeding
f) Abnormal anatomy (fissures, piles, prolapse)
g) Masses (including polyps)
h) Altered bowel habit (constipation, diarrhoea)
i) Rectal pain
j) Pruritis ani
k) Inflammation (including IBD)
7. Upper GI Problems
a) Including nausea and vomiting
b) Infections (including food poisoning, UTI, gastroenteritis)
c) Pyloric stenosis (see also under Developmental)
d) Drug-induced
e) Raised intracranial pressure
f) Pregnancy (see also under Reproductive)
g) Constipation
h) Cancer
i) Ulceration
j) GERD
k) Bleeding
l) Dysphagia (including tumours; benign; neurological causes; congenital;
acquired)
8. Nutrition
a) Recognises nutritional disorders are common in patients with long-term
conditions
b) Performs basic nutritional screen and recognises patients with potential for
nutritional deficiencies and considers this in planning care
c) Formulates a plan for investigation and management of weight loss or
weight gain
d) Demonstrates the knowledge, skills, attitudes and behaviours to assess
patients’ basic nutritional requirements
e) Recognises major nutritional abnormalities and eating disorders and
establishes a management plan, where relevant with other healthcare
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professional input
f) Works with other healthcare professionals in addressing nutritional needs
and communicating these during care planning
g) Makes nutritional care part of daily practice
h) Considers the additional effects of long-term ill-health on nutritional status
and the effect of poor nutrition on long-term health.
ENDOCRINE
1. Diabetes Mellitus
a) Type 1 diabetes
b) Type 2 diabetes
c) Complications (including diabetic retinopathy; neuropathy; arterial disease)
d) Diabetic foot care
e) Hypoglycaemia/ hyperglycaemia
f) Patient with diabetes undergoing surgery
g) Diabetes in pregnancy (see also under Reproductive)
2. General
a) Hyperparathyroidism
b) Hypoparathyroidism
c) Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN 1 and MEN 2)
3. Adrenal
a) Adrenal gland
b) Addisonian crisis
c) Addison’s disease
d) Hyperaldosteronism
e) Phaeochromocytoma
f) Virilism
g) Gynaecomastia (see under Breast)
h) Impotence (see under Reproductive/ Fertility problems)
i) Cushing’s syndrome
4. Pituitary gland
a) Hypopituitarism
b) Pituitary tumours
c) Hyperprolactinaemia; hypoprolactinaemia
d) Acromegaly
e) Diabetes insipidus
f) Hypopituitary coma
5. Thyroid Disorders
a) Cancer
b) Hyperthyroidism
c) Thyroid eye disease
d) Hypothyroidism
e) Thyroid disease in pregnancy (see also under Reproductive/ Problems in
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pregnancy)
f) Goitre; nodules
g) Thyroid emergency
4. Nasal Symptoms
a) Cancer
b) Bleeding
c) Nasal obstruction (including polyps; allergic rhinitis)
d) Infections
e) Trauma (including fractures)
EYE
1. Eye Pain
a) Cancer
b) Sinusitis (see also under ENT)
c) Glaucoma
d) Migraine (see also under Neurological/ Headache
e) Foreign body
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2. Orbital Swelling
a) Cancer
b) Infection (including cellulitis; blepharitis)
c) Thyroid disease (see under Endocrine)
d) Cysts: congenital and acquired
e) Eyelid Disorder
3. Red eye
a) Infection
b) Conjunctivitis
c) Iritis
d) Trauma (including foreign body)
e) Scleritis/ episcleritis
f) Glaucoma
g) Subconjunctival haemorrhage
h) Polycythaemia
4. Visual impairment
a) Tumours (including pituitary)
b) Arterial and venous
c) Lens (including cataract; dislocation)
d) Degenerative
e) Hereditary
f) Systemic conditions: including connective tissue; diabetes (see also under
Endocrine)
g) Drug-induced
h) Infections
i) Detached retina
j) Vitreous haemorrhage (including floaters)
GENITOURINARY
1. Urethral Discharge any cause
a) Infection (including STI)
b) Cancer
c) Foreign body
HOMEOSTATIC
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2. Electrolyte abnormalities
a) Sodium,
b) potassium,
c) glucose,
d) calcium
e) SIADH
f) Magnesium
g) Zinc
h) Selenium
i) Water
INFECTIOUS DISEASE
1. Hospital Acquired Infection
a) Infection Control
b) MRSA
c) C. diff
d) Management of Sepsis
2. Serious infection
a) HIV
b) AIDS
c) Hep B
d) And Tb
4. Viral Infections
a) Exanthemata
b) Mumps
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c) Measles
d) Rubella
e) Herpes simplex
f) Herpes zoster
g) Viral meningitis
h) Influenza
MENTAL HEALTH
1. Alcohol and drug misuse and dependence
a) Including co-morbidity and withdrawal
b) Substitution therapy
c) Acute intoxication
d) Harmful use
2. Anxiety
a) Including generalised anxiety disorder, phobias and OCD
b) Panic attack
c) Obsessive compulsive disorder
3. Deliberate self-harm
a) Overdose, poisoning and other self-harm
b) Suicidal risk
4. Eating Problems
a) Anorexia
b) Bulimia nervosa
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10. Psychosis
a) Schizoaffective disorder
b) Delusional disorders
MUSCULOSKELETAL
1. Back and Neck
2. Connective tissue Disorders
3. Foor and Ankle
4. Hand and Wrist
5. Hip
6. Knee
7. Rheumatological problems
a) Rheumatoid
b) Osteoarthrosis
c) Psoriatic
d) Lupus
e) Polymyalgia rheumatica
f) Gout
8. Upper limb
9. Skeletal
a) Disorders of calcium homeostasis (osteoporosis, osteomalacia, Paget’s)
b) Infections
c) Tumours (benign, malignant, secondaries)
d) Fractures of long bones
10. Fractures
NEUROLOGICAL
1. Blackouts and Faints
a) Loss of consciousness of any cause
b) Vasovagal syncope
c) Cough syncope
d) Effort syncope
e) Micturition syncope
f) Carotid sinus syncope
g) Epilepsy
h) Stokes Adams attacks
i) Hypoglycaemia
j) Orthostatic hypotension
k) Drop attacks
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3. Falls
a) Complications including subdural, extradural
b) Any cause including environmental
c) Dizziness
d) Vertigo (benign positional vertigo)
e) Ménières disease
f) Ototoxicity
g) Vestibular nerve problems (Acoustic neuroma, vestibular neuronitis,
herpes zoster, brain stem)
4. Headache
a) Any cause including environmental
b) Dizziness
c) Vertigo (benign positional vertigo)
d) Ménières disease
e) Ototoxicity
f) Vestibular nerve problems (Acoustic neuroma, vestibular neuronitis,
herpes zoster, brain stem)
7. Seizure
a) Epilepsy
b) Convulsion
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RENAL
1. Urine Abnormalities
a) Blood, protein, pH, volumes
b) Renal calculi
c) Renal tract obstruction
d) Retroperitoneal fibrosis
e) Glomerulonephritis
f) Nephrotic syndrome
g) Renal vein thrombosis
2. Renal Problems
a) Urinary tract imaging
b) Renal biopsy
c) Acute renal failure
d) Chronic renal failure, renal replacement therapy, renal transplantation
e) Interstitial nephritis
f) Nephrotoxins
g) Renal vascular disease
h) Renal tubular disease
i) Inherited kidney diseases
j) Renal manifestations of systemic disease
3. Urinary excretion
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4. Urinary Symptoms
a) Pyelonephritis
b) Acute and chronic urinary tract infection (UTI)
c) Frequency
d) Incontinence
e) Enuresis
REPRODUCTIVE
1. Contraception
a) Oral contraceptive pill
b) Intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs)
c) Implants
2. Fertility Problems
a) Both male and female;
b) including normal development in puberty
4. Problems in Pregnancy
a) Including antepartum haemorrhage, postpartum haemorrhage and
miscarriage
b) Ectopic pregnancy
c) Pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and hyperemesis
d) Thyroid disease in pregnancy
e) Epilepsy
f) Anticoagulation
g) Prematurity
h) Low birth weight
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6. Pelvic mass
a) Including antepartum haemorrhage, postpartum haemorrhage and
miscarriage
b) Ectopic pregnancy
c) Pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and hyperemesis
d) Thyroid disease in pregnancy
e) Epilepsy
f) AnticoagulationBreath
g) Prematurity
h) Low birth weight
7. Pelvic Pain
a) Endometriosis
b) PID
c) Dyspareunia
8. Vulval and vaginal lump/lesions
RESPIRATORY
1. Breathlessness
a) Pulmonary fibrosis
b) Any infection, inflammation, including COPD, asthma, occupational lung
disease, sleep apnoea and cyanosis
c) Respiratory system examination, age related changes, chest x-ray
d) Pneumonia including CURB 65
e) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute respiratory distress
syndrome
f) Respiratory failure
g) Pulmonary embolus
h) Pneumothorax
i) Pleural effusion
j) Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
k) Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis
l) Industrial dust diseases
m) Obstructive sleep apnoea
n) Cor pulmonale
2. Chest Pain
a) Including any pleuritic cause
b) Mesothelioma
c) Pneumothorax
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f) Sarcoidosis
4. Wheeze/ Stridor
a) Asthma – acute and chronic
b) Bronchodilators and steroids
2. Fever/Infection
a) Including pyrexia of unknown origin, septicaemia, meningitis and
neutropenic sepsis
b) Bacterial viral meningitis
c) Pneumonia
d) Acute severe asthma
e) PE
3. Multiple Trauma
a) Including head injury and intra-abdominal injury
4. Shock
a) Paracetamol overdose
b) Salicylate overdose
c) Any cause including blood loss
d) Acute myocardial infarction (MI)
e) Intra abdominal blood loss
f) Massive pulmonary embolus
g) Burns
SKIN
1. Bites and Stings
a) Including infestations
b) Insect
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c) Fish
d) Scorpion
e) Snake
f) Dog/cat bites
g) Human bite
h) Scabies
i) Lice
2. Bullous
a) Pemphigus
b) Pemphigoid
4. Extremes of Temperature
a) Burns,
b) frostbite,
c) hyperthermia
d) hypothermia
7. Infections
a) Including viral,
b) bacterial and
c) fungal infections
8. Lumps
a) Nodular lesions
b) Skin tumour
c) BCC
d) Ganglion
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10. Ulcers
a) Arterial
b) Venous
c) Neuropathic
d) Malignant
UROLOGICAL
1. Groin scrotal pain and or swelling
a) Torsion of testis
b) Hernias
c) Hydrocele
d) Tumour
e) Orchitis
f) Infection
Aurangzaib Baloch
Aurangzaib Baloch (Khuzdar, Balochistan) is a final year medical student at Bolan University of Medical & Health
medicine, he has great passion for food (an avid foodie), reading and blogging. He is the founder/administrator o
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