Co- Teaching Lead Teaching Assisting Lead Teacher Small Group Teaching

Elizabeth Rodriguez, Lidoines Pelaez

Lesson Title and Number: Exponential and Logarithmic and Natural Log Equations
Grade Level/Class: Algebra 2 Honors
Time Length: 90 mins
Topic: Solving Logarithmic and Natural Logarithmic Equations

Standards (include NCTE/NCSS/NGSS/NCTM/ACTFL):

● understand and compare the properties of classes of functions, including exponential,
polynomial, rational, logarithmic, and periodic functions;
● CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.HSF.LE.A.4
For exponential models, express as a logarithm the solution to abct = ​d​ where ​a​, ​c​, and ​d
are numbers and the base ​b​ is 2, 10, or ​e​; evaluate the logarithm using technology.
● CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.HSF.LE.A.3
Observe using graphs and tables that a quantity increasing exponentially eventually
exceeds a quantity increasing linearly, quadratically, or (more generally) as a polynomial
function.

Educational Objectives:
● The students will be able to solve exponential and logarithmic equations.
● The students will be able to solve exponential equations with graphs or tables.
● The students will be able to solve natural logarithmic equations.
Assessment on Learning:
● Exponential and Logarithmic Equations Assessment

Central Focus
● The central focus of the lesson is to ensure students comprehend how to solve
exponential and logarithmic functions using the properties of exponents and logarithms.

Accommodations for students with specific learning needs:

● For students with specific learning needs there will be time in between section of the
lesson for questions and clarification.
● There will be time allowed at the end of class for any questions and we will review part
of the assessment.
 Academic Language
Language Function (select 1):

Analyze Compare/Contrast Construct Describe Evaluate

Examine Identify Interpret Justify Locate
Explain Prove Argue Synthesize

Identify a learning task from your plan that provides students with opportunities to
practice using the language function identified above:
The student will be learning to solve exponential and logarithmic equations using a
variety of methods. The students will need to interpret the properties of exponents and
logarithms to be able to solve the equations. The academic language will guide the
students through the step of solving each type of equation.

Additional Language Demands.​ Given the language function and learning task identified
above, describe the following associated language demands (written or oral) students need to
understand and/or use:

Vocabulary:
● Properties of Logarithms: ​For any positive number ​m,n,​ and ​b​ where b =/ 1, the
following properties apply:
○ Product property: log b mn = log b m + log b n
○ Quotient property: log b mn = log b m − log b n
○ Power property: log b mn = nlog b m
● Properties of Exponents:
○ Product property: xm * xn = xm+n
○ Quotient property: xm /xn = xm−n
○ Power property: (xm )n = xm*n
○ Power of a product property: (x * y )m = xm * y m
○ Power of a quotient property: (x/y)m = xm /y m
● Change of Base Formula: ​For any positive number ​m, b, ​and ​c,​ with b =/ 1 and c =/ 1,
log m
log b m = logcc b
● Exponential equation: ​any equation that contains the form bcx = a , where the exponent
included a variable
● ​Logarithmic equation: ​any equation that includes one or more logarithms involving a
variable
● Natural Logarithmic Function​: If y = ex , then x = log e y = ln y .T
​ he natural logarithmic
function is the inverse of x = ln y , so you can write it as y = ln x .
Plus​ at least one of the following:
Discourse: We will be using discourse in the lesson by applying the academic language to
the steps in solving the exponential and logarithmic equations.
For example, students need to use the ​properties of exponents and logarithms ​to solve
the equations. The students will use the power of product property when solving the
exponential equations (16) 3x = 8 . ​ The student will rewrite the terms with a common base
and then apply the ​power property of exponents​ (22 ) 3x = 23 to (2 ) 12x = 23 .

Materials:
Teacher
Lesson plan
Notes
Paper
Pencil
White board
Markers
Assessment Activity

Student
Notes
Pencil
Paper
Assessment Activity

Anticipatory Set/ Attention Getter:

Good morning students! Today we will be continuing to use the properties of exponents
and logarithmic functions to learn to solve logarithmic functions. We will then continue to a new
function call the natural logarithmic function. Recall that an ​exponential equation ​is any
equation that contains the form bcx , such as a = bcx where the exponent included a variable. An
example of this would be 25 = 5x . You can use logarithms to solve exponential equations. You
can also use exponents to solve logarithmic equations.

Questions to Ask
1. Analysis/Application: ​Why can’t you use the same method you used in first practice
problem to the second practice problem? ​The exponential equations have different
bases
2. Knowledge: ​What are the Properties of Logarithms??:
 3. Product property: log b m * n = log b m + log b n , Quotient property: log b m/n = log b m − log b n ,
Power property: log b mn = nlog b m
4.

Sequence of Events (include time needed):

1. ( 5 mins) ​Anticipatory set and homework check ​- ​cooperating teacher/co-teacher
2. The students will be taking their own notes onto their notebooks as the teacher models of
the board or projector.
3. ( 10 mins) ​Solving an Exponential Equation-Common Bases: ​The teacher will begin
the lesson by applying the properties of logarithms to solve exponential equations with
common bases. -​ co-teacher
4. ( 10 mins) ​Solving an Exponential Equation-Different Bases: ​The teacher will then
connect the concept of solving exponential equations but now the equations that may not
have a common base. -​ co-teacher
5. ( 10 mins) ​Solving an Exponential Equation With a Graph or Table: ​The teacher will
continue the lesson by solving using a variety of methods. The teacher will model solving
with a common base or a different base and also by graphing and looking at a table. -
co-teacher
6. ( 10 mins) ​Solving a Logarithmic Equation: ​The teacher will the introduce how to solve
logarithmic equations. The teacher will by applying the properties of exponents. -
co-teacher
7. ( 10 mins) ​Using Logarithmic Properties to Solve an Equation: ​The teacher will then
apply the properties of logarithms to solve logarithmic equations. -​ co-teacher
8. ( 7 mins) ​Simplifying a Natural Logarithmic Expression: ​The teacher will finish the
lesson by introducing the natural logarithmic expression and defining the natural
logarithmic functions. This will be applying the properties of logarithms.​ ​-​co-teacher
9. ( 7 mins) ​Solving a Natural Logarithmic Equation:​ The teacher will then solve the
natural logarithmic equations with the application of solving logarithmic equations. ​-
co-teacher
10. ( 7 mins) ​Solving an Exponential Equation:​ The teacher will solve exponential
equations by isolating the variable and applying previous knowledge of logarithmic
functions.
11. ( 10 mins) ​Assessment: ​-The assessment will include. ​ - co-teachers
12. ( 5 mins)​ Conclusion/Questions/Assigning Homework​ -​ co-teacher

Conclusion/Summary:
Today we learned quite a lot about the different exponential and logarithmic equations. It
is important for you to really know and understand the properties of exponents and logarithms
because they will be applied in future lessons, math classes beyond algebra 2 and in the real
world.

*Some lesson plan prompts come from SCALE.

 7.5 Teacher Notes
( 5 mins) Anticipatory set and homework check

( 10 mins) Solving an Exponential Equation-Common Bases

Model:​ What is the solution of 163x = 8 ?
163x = 8
(24 ) 3x = 23 Rewrite the rems with a common base
12x 3
(2) =2 Power property of Exponents
12x = 3 If two number with the same base are equal, their exponents are equal
x = 3/4 Solve and simplify
Practice:​ What is the solution of 273x = 81 ?
273x = 81
(33 ) 3x = 34 Rewrite the rems with a common base
9x 4
(3) = 3 Power property of Exponents
9x = 4 If two number with the same base are equal, their exponents are equal
x = 4/9 Solve and simplify

( 10 mins) Solving an Exponential Equation-Different Bases

Model:​ What is the solution of 153x = 285 ?
153x = 285
log 153x = log 285 Take the log of each side
3x log 15 = log 285 Power property of logs
x = log 285 / 3 log 15 Divide each side by 3 log 15 to isolate x.
x ≈ 0.6958 Use a calculator
Check:
153x = 285
153(0.6958) ≈ 285.0840331 ≈ 285 ✔

Practice:​ ​What is the solution of 52x = 130 ?

52x = 130
log 52x = log 130 Take the log of each side
2x log 5 = log 130 Power property of logs
x = log 130 / 2 log 5 Divide each side by 2 log 5 to isolate x.
x ≈ 1.5122 Use a calculator
Check:
52x = 130
52(1.5122) ≈ 130.00641 ≈ 130 ✔
Why can’t you use the same method you used in first practice problem to the second practice
problem? ​The exponential equations have different bases
( 10 mins) Solving an Exponential Equation With a Graph or Table

What is the solution of 43x = 6000 ?

Solve using a graph: plug in y = 43x and y = 6000 to see where the two graphs intersect.

Solve using a table: Change the steps to smaller increments to approximate the number that
gets you 6000. Once you get to 2.1 it goes over so the estimation would be 2.09

( 10 mins) Solving a Logarithmic Equation

Model:​ What is the solution of log(4x − 3) = 2 ?
Solve using exponents:
log(4x − 3) = 2
4x − 3 = 102 Write in exponential form
4x = 103 Simplify
x = 103/4 = 25.75 Solve for x
Solve using a graph Solve using a table
Practice:​ What is the solution of log(3 − 2x) = − 1 ?
Solve using exponents:
log(3 − 2x) = − 1
3 − 2x = 10−1 Write in exponential form
− 2x = .1 − 3 Simplify
x = − 2.9/ − 2 = 1.45 Solve for x
Solve using a graph: Solve using a table:

( 10
mins)
Using

Logarithmic Properties to Solve an Equation

RECALL!!!
What are the Properties of Logarithms??:
Product property: log b m * n = log b m + log b n , Quotient property: log b m/n = log b m − log b n , Power
property: log b mn = nlog b m
We will be applying these properties to solve an equation
Model:​ W
​ hat is the solution log(x − 3) + log x = 1 ?
log(x − 3) + log x = 1
log((x − 3)x) = 1 Product property of Logarithms
1
(x − 3)x = 10 Write in exponential form
 x2 − 3x − 10 = 0 Simplify to a quadratic equation in standard form
(x + 2)(x − 5) = 0 Factor the trinomial
x =− 2 or x = 5 Solve for x
Check:
log(x − 3) + log x = 1 log(x − 3) + log x = 1
log(− 2 − 3) + log − 2 = 1 log(5 − 3) + log 5 = 1
log(− 6) + log − 2 = 1 ✘ log(2) + log 5 = 1
0.3010 + 0.6990 = 1 ✔
If log(x − 3) + log x = 1 , x=5.
Practice:​ What is the solution of log 6 − log3x = − 2 ?
log 6 − log3x = − 2
log( 6/3x) = − 2 Quotient property of Logarithms
−2
6/3x = 10 Write in exponential form
2/x = .01 Simplify to a quadratic equation in standard form
200 = x Solve for x
Check:
log 6 − log3x = − 2
log 6 − log(3(200) = − 2
log 6 − log 600 = − 2
log 6/600 = log 1/100 = log 10−2 = − 2 ✔
If log 6 − log3x = − 2 , x=200.

( 7 mins) Simplifying a Natural Logarithmic Expression

Natural Logarithmic Function:​ if y = ex , then x = log e y = ln y . The natural logarithmic function is
the inverse of x = ln y , so you can write it as y = ln x .

What is 2 ln 15 − ln 75 written as a single natural logarithm?

ln 152 − ln 75 Power property of logarithms.
152
ln 75 = ln 3 Quotient property of logarithms

What is each expression written as a single natural logarithm?

ln 7 + 2 ln 5
= ln 7 + ln 52 Power property of logarithms.
2
= ln (7)(5 ) Product property of logarithms
= ln 175 Simplify

3ln x − 2 ln 2x
= ln x3 − ln 4x2 Power property of logarithms.
x3
= ln 4x2 Quotient property of logarithms
x
= ln 4 Simplify
3ln x + 2 ln y + ln 5
= ln x3 + ln y 2 + ln 5 Power property of logarithms.
= ln 5x3 y 2 Product property of logarithms

( 7 mins) Solving a Natural Logarithmic Equation

What are the solutions of ln(x − 3)2 = 4 ?
2
eln(x−3) = e4
(x − 3)2 = e4
(x − 3) = ± e2
x = 3 ± e2 ≈ 10.39 or − 4.39
( 7 mins) Solving an Exponential Equation
What are the solutions of 4e2x + 2 = 16 ?
4e2x = 14
14
e2x = 4
ln e2x = ln(3.5)
2x = ln 3.5
ln 3.5
x= 2 ≈ 0.063

( 10 mins) Assessment

( 5 mins) Conclusion
 Exponential and Logarithmic Equations Assessment

Solve each equations. If necessary, round to the nearest ten-thousandth.

1. 23x = 4x+1

2. 12y−2 = 20

3. 2 log (x + 1) = 5

4. log 7 3x = 3

5. ex = 18

1
6. 3 ln x + ln 2 − ln 3 = 3