1.

This is the study of relationships - Ernst Haeckel

among numbers, quantities, and
9. Pioneered the study of growth
shapes. It includes arithmetic,
patterns in both plants and animals,
algebra, trigonometry, geometry,
showing that simple equations could
statistics, and calculus
explain spiral growth
- Mathematics
- D’Arcy Thompson
2. Visual regularities found in natural
10. Predicted mechanisms of
world
morphogenesis which give rise to
- Patterns
patterns of spots and stripes.
3. Greek Philosophers that studied - Alan Turing
patterns to explain order in nature
11. Showed how the mathematics of
which lead to modern understanding
fractals could create plant growth
of visible patterns
patterns.
- Plato, Pythagoras,
- Aristid Lindenmayer and
Empedocles
Benoît Madelbrot
4. “I would teach children music,
12. Are infinitely complex patterns that
physics and philosophy; but most
are self-similar across different
importantly music for the patterns in
scales. They are created by
music and all the arts are keys to
repeating a simple process over and
learning.”
over in an ongoing feedback loop
- Plato
- Fractals
5. “There is geometry in the humming
13. He adopted eight patterns in his
of the strings, there is music in the
landscape work, namely: scattered,
spacing of the spheres.”
fractured, mosaic, naturalistic drift,
- Pythagoras
serpentine, spiral, radial, and
6. “The nature of God is a circle of dendritic
which the center is everywhere, and - W. Gary Smith
the circumference is nowhere.”
14. He helped spread Hindu Arabic
- Empedocles
numerals (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and
7. Examined soap films, leading him to 9) through Europe in place of
formulate the concept of a minimal Roman numerals which is part of the
surface. sequence, which he developed
- Joseph Plateau - Fibonacci
8. Painted hundreds of marine 15. His nickname, “Fibonacci” roughly
organisms to emphasize their means
symmetry - Son of Bonacci
16. The Fibonacci Sequence was
recognized as the…
- Golden Ratio
17. Constitutes a set of numbers or
objects in which all the members are
related with each other by a specific
rule.
- Pattern
18. Constitutes between two sets is a
collection of ordered pairs
containing one object from each set
- Relation
19. Is a type of relation. But a relation is
allowed to have the object x in the
first set to be related to more than
one object in the second set.
- Function
20. Ripples on the surface of puddles,
ponds, lakes, or oceans are governed
by ________ between their speed,
their wavelength, and the depth of
the water.
- Relationship
21.The time turkey cooks (Range
Value) is determined by the weight
of the turkey (Domain Value).
- Function
22. Snail Shell and the Swirling Stars of
a galaxy. Branches of the three and
those of a river network
- Similarities
23. Motion of Pendulum, Reflection in
the mirror plane, Free Falling
Object, and Action-Reaction
- Regularities
24. Romanesco broccoli, nautilus shell,
peacock tail, and spider web
- Symmetries
25. The role of mathematics is to
describe symmetry-breaking
processes in order to explain in a
unified way the fact that the patterns
seen in sand dunes and zebra’s
stripes are caused by processes
which, while physically different,
are mathematically very similar
- Patterns in Nature
26. (Why planets move in the way that
they do), describes changing
quantities via calculus, modelling
change (such as the evolution of the
eye), and predicts and controls
physical systems.
- Puzzles in Nature
27.Because mathematics plays such a
central role in modern culture, some
basic understanding of the nature of
mathematics is requisite for
scientific literacy. To achieve this,
students need to….
- Perceive mathematics as part
of the scientific endeavor
- Comprehend the nature of
mathematical thinking
- Become familiar with key
mathematical ideas and skills.
28. In this field, they use math each
workday to deliver the right amount
of medication to their patients or
monitor changes in their health.
- Mathematics in Medicine
29. In this field, statistics is used to
predict the behavior of group of
people.
- Mathematics in Political
Science
30. In this field, mathematics used to
analyze and explain the
interdependent relation between
different variables. Specifically,
trying to explain what causes rise in
prices or unemployment or
inflation.
- Mathematics in Economics
31. Use numbers every day for a variety
of tasks, from measuring and
weighing, to land marking. Basic
geometry, proportion,
multiplication and measurement
skills are used every day
- Mathematics in Farming
32. Calculating prick per unit, figuring
percentage discounts, comparing
unit and bulk price of items,
estimating total price
- Mathematics in Planning a
Market List and Grocery
Shopping
33. Symmetric arrangement of
furniture, wall decorations and
frames, and wine bottles in the bar
- Mathematics Anywhere in the
House
34. Fuel required based on distance,
total expenses for toll fees, and tire
pressure check
- Mathematics in Travel
35. Making accurate measurements of
lengths, widths, and angles
- Mathematics in Construction
36. It combines mathematical theory,
practical engineering and scientific
computing to address the fast-
changing technology
- Mathematics in Engineering
37. Individuals with poor math
fundamentals typically make greater
financial mistakes like
underestimating how quickly
interest accumulates.
- Mathematics in Investment
38. Without a good planning, the day
can slip idly and tasks and duties
accrue
- Mathematics in Time
39. Systematic means of
communicating ideas or feelings by
the use of conventionalized signs,
sounds, gestures or marks having
understood meanings
- Language
40. This includes a large component of
logic. It has certain language
features unparalleled in other
languages, such as representation.
- Mathematical Language
41. Creating appropriate representations
and relationships to mathematize the
original problem
- Modelling and Formulating
42. Changing the mathematical form in
which a problem is originally
 expressed to equivalent forms that 50. The signs which convey equality or
represent solutions. inequality are also called
- Transforming and - Relation symbols
manipulating
51. A mathematical expression
containing the equal sign is an
43. Applying derived results to the
- Equation
original problem situation, and
interpreting and generalizing the 52. The two parts of an equation are
results in that light called
- Inferring - Members
44. Reporting what has been learned 53. A mathematical expression
about a problem to a specified containing the inequality sign is an
audience - Inequality
- Communicating
54. Meaning that is not known whether
45. Characteristics of Mathematical or not the mathematical sentence is
Language true or false
- Mathematical language is non- - Open Sentence
temporal
- Mathematical language is 55. Mathematical sentence that is
devoid of emotional content. known to be either true or false
- Mathematical language is - Closed Sentence
precise 56. Refers to the particular topics being
studied
46. A major contributor to overall - Context
comprehension in many content
areas, including mathematics 57. A technique used by
- Vocabulary understanding mathematicians, engineers,
scientists in which each particular
47. Consist of terms symbol has particular meaning
- Mathematical Expressions - Convention
48. Combines two mathematical 58. A well-defined collection of distinct
expressions using a comparison
objects
operator
- Set
- Mathematical Sentence
59. The objects that make up a set is
49. Includes equal, not equal, greater
called
than, greater than or equal to, less
than and less than or equal to - Elements
- Comparison operators
60. The elements in the given set are
listed or enumerated, separated by a
comma, inside a pair of braces
- Roster/Tabular Method
61. The common characteristics of the
elements are defined. This method
uses set builder notation where x is
used to represent any element of the
given set.
- Rule/Descriptive Method
62. Has no element and is denoted by ∅
by a pair of braces with no element
inside
- Empty/Null/Void Set
63. Has countable number of elements
- Finite Set
64. Has uncountable number of
elements
- Infinite Set
65. Is the totality of all the elements of
the sets under consideration
- Universal Set
66. Have the same elements
- Equal Sets
67. Have the same number of elements
- Equivalent Sets
68. This occurs when two or more sets
combine due to have at least one
common element
- Joint Sets
69. Have no common element
- Disjoint Set
70. Is a set every element of which can
be found on a bigger set
- Subset
71. If the first set equals the second set
- Improper Subset
72. Other than the set itself and the null
set, all are considered
- Proper Subset
73. The set containing all the subsets of
the given set with n number of
elements
- Power Set
74. Is a set whose elements are found in
A and B or in both
- Union
75. Is a set whose elements are common
to both sets
- Intersection
76. Is a set whose elements are found in
set A but not in set B
- Difference
77. Is a set whose elements are found in
the universal set but not in set A
- Complement
78. The pictorial representation of
relationship and operations of set is
the so called
- Venn-Euler Diagrams or Venn
Diagrams
79. Are mathematical entities that give
unique outputs to particular inputs
- Function
80. Is a correspondence between a first
set of variable such that for some
elements of the first set of variables
- Relation
81. It means consisting of two parts
- Binary
82. A single binary digit
- Bit
83. Is a rule of combining two values to
produce a new value
- Binary Operation
84. The order of the arguments is
charged, and the result is equivalent
- Commutative
85. The order of the parentheses is
changed, and the result is equivalent
- Associative
86. Any element combined with e
results in the same element
- Identity or neutral
87. Represented as a -1
- Inverse
88. It is the study of principles and
methods used to distinguish valid
arguments from those that are not
valid
- Logic
89. Is the study of reasoning in
mathematics. It consists of drawing
conclusions from given hypotheses.
- Mathematical Logic
90. A relational concept that uses
expression with an advantage of
storability, universal
communicability and testability
- Formality
91. Is the process of finding the proof
for a certain mathematical statement
by using logic and deductions
- Mathematical Reasoning
92. Is a process of reaching conclusions
based on a series of observations
- Inductive Reasoning
93. Refers to the process of taking the
information gathered from general
observations and making specific
decisions based on the information
- Deductive Reasoning
94. Is the ability to understand
something instinctively, without the
need for conscious reasoning
- Intuition
95. Meaning the state of being aware of
or knowing something without
having to discover or perceive it, or
the ability to do this
- Instinctive knowledge
96. That something is known or
believed instinctively, without
actual evidence for it
- Instinctive belief
97. Is an argument which convinces
other people that something is true
- Mathematical Proof
98. Is an argument for a mathematical
statement and consists of a test or
trial of something to establish that is
true
- Proof
 99. The conclusion is established by
logically combining the axioms,
definitions and earlier theorems
- Direct proof
100. Known as the father of modern and
formulated the four-step approach to
problem solving
- George Polya
101. Understand the problem
- Step 1: Preparation
102. Devise a plan
- Step 2: Thinking Time
103. Carry out the plan
- Step 3: Insight
104. Look back
- Step 4: Verification
105. Simple and common problem-
solving strategies
- Guess
- Act it Out
- Draw
- List/Tabulate
106. Involves problems, riddles, puzzles,
brain-teasers and games carried out
for recreation or leisure rather than
as a research or application-based
professional activity
- Recreational Mathematics
107. Fibonacci’s Formula
𝑛+1
1 1+√5 1 1−√5
- ( ) − ( )
√5 2 √5 2
108. Is a person-to-person encounter
between the source of information,
the interviewee, and the one who
gathers information, the
interviewer.
- Direct or Interview Method
109. Is the technique in which a
questionnaire is used to elicit the
information or data needed
- Indirect or Questionnaire
Method
110. Obtains data from the records of
government agency authorized by
law to keep such data or information
and made these available to
researchers
- Registration Method
111. Is the technique in which data
particularly those pertaining to
behaviors of individual or group of
individuals during the given
situation are best obtained through
observations
- Observation Method
112. Is a system used to gather data
from the results of performed series
of experiments on some controlled
and experimental variables
- Experimental Method
113. Data collected or obtained from
whatever manner are called…
- Raw Data
𝑛+1 114. Scale assigns names or labels to
observation in purely arbitrary
sequence. The labels are used to
classify the respondents or objects
without ordering
 - Nominal Scale
115. Assigns numbers or labels to
observation with implied ordering
- Ordinal Scale
116. Assigns real numbers to
observations to reflect distance
between rank position of the
respondents or objects in equal
units. Has a zero point
- Interval Scale
117. Assigns numbers to
observations to reflect the existence
of true absolute zero point as its
origin
- Ratio Scale
118. Makes use of words, sentences
and paragraphs in presentation.
- Textual Form
119. Is a systematic presentation of
data in rows and columns
- Tabular Form
120. Shows numerical values or
relationships in a pictorial form
- Graphical Form
121. It is used when data cover a long
period of time; several series are
compared; movements are to be
emphasized; trends are to
established; and estimates are to be
forecasted
- Line Graph
122. It is used when numerical values
of an item over a period of time are
compared
- Bar Graph
123. It is used to show percentage or
composition by parts of a whole
- Pie Graph
124. It is used to immediately suggest
the nature of data
- Pictograph or Pictogram
125. It is an arrangement of the
numerical data/values according to
order of magnitude either
ascending/descending
- Array
126. Shows numerical values or
relationships in a pictorial form
- Graphical Form
127. It is a condensed version of an
array. It categorizes the numerical
data into intervals or classes
- Frequency Distribution Table
128. Are mutually exclusive
categories defining the lower limit
and the upper limit with equal
intervals
- Classes
129. Number of observation each
class
- Class Frequency
130. Is used in computing the mean
and some measures of variability
- Class Mark or Class Midpoint
131. Tells the sum of frequencies in a
particular class of interest
- Cumulative Frequency
132. Tells the percentage of
observations in a particular class of
interest
- Relative Frequency
133. Descriptive statistics give a
single value which represents the set
of values. These are:
- Measures of Central Tendency
- Measures of Dispersion
- Measures of Skewness and
Kurtosis
134. Are measures indicating the
center of asset of data which are
arranges in order of magnitude
- Measures of Central Tendency
135. It is the most popular and well-
known measure of central tendency.
It is used with both discrete and
continuous data
- Mean
136. It is the middle value when a set
of observed values have been
arranged in either ascending or
descending
- Median
137. It is the most frequent score in
the data set
- Mode
138. Identify how a set of values
spreads or fluctuates
- Measures of Dispersion
139. It is the difference between the
highest and lowest score
- Range
140. Considers the position of each
observation relative to the mean
- Variance
141. Based on the deviations of all
the scores in a series
- Standard Deviation
142. It is a measure of criterion on
how symmetric the distribution of
data is from the mean
- Skewness
143. Indicates a distribution with an
asymmetric tail extending toward
the right side
- Positive Skewness
144. Indicates a distribution with an
asymmetric tail extending toward
the left
- Negative Skewness
145. Measures the flatness and
peakedness of the distribution of a
given data set
- Kurtosis
146. Are values that divide a set of
observations into 100 equal parts
- Percentile
147. Are values that divide a set of
observations into 10 equal parts
- Decile
148. Are values that divide a set of
observations into 4 equal parts
- Quartile
149. Order is important
- Permutation
150. Order is not important
 - Combination Mean:
151. It is a process that generates data ∑𝑓𝑖𝑥𝑖
- Statistical Experiment - 𝜇=
𝑁
152. It is the set pf all possible Median:
outcomes of a given statistical 𝑁
experiment −𝐶𝑓𝑏
2
- Sample Space - 𝐿𝑚𝑑 + 𝐶[ ]
𝑓𝑚𝑑
153. It is a subset of sample space Mode:
- Event
𝑓𝑚𝑜 −𝑓𝑏
154. For continuous variables, the - 𝐿𝑚𝑜 + 𝐶[ ]
2𝑓𝑚𝑜 −𝑓𝑎 −𝑓𝑏
probability distribution is…
- Density Function Variance:
155. If a samples space contains 2 ∑𝑓𝑖𝑥𝑖 2
finite number of possibilities or - 𝜎 = −𝜇
𝑁
unending sequence with many
elements as there are whole Standard Deviation:
numbers, it is called…
- Discrete Sample Space - √𝜎 2
156. A random variable defined over Coefficient of Skewness:
a discrete sample space is called… 3(𝜇−𝑀𝑑)
- Discrete Random Variable -
𝜎
157. If a samples space contains Coefficient of Kurtosis:
infinite number of possibilities
equal to the number of points on a ∑𝑓𝑖(𝑥𝑖−𝜇)4
line segment, it is called… 𝑁
-
- Continuous Sample Space (𝜎 2 )2
158. A random variable defined over Percentile:
a continuous sample space is
(𝑃𝑛)(𝑁)
called… -
- Continuous Random Variable 100
𝑁
𝑃( )−𝐶𝑓𝑏
100
- 𝐿𝑝𝑐 + 𝐶[ ]
𝑓𝑝𝑐
Decile:
(𝐷𝑛)(𝑁)
-
10
𝑁
𝑄( )−𝐶𝑓𝑏
10
- 𝐿𝑑𝑐 + 𝐶[ ]
𝑓𝑑𝑐
Quartile:
(𝑄𝑛)(𝑁)
-
4
𝑁
𝑄( )−𝐶𝑓𝑏
4
- 𝐿𝑞𝑐 + 𝐶[ ]
𝑓𝑞𝑐
Normal Distribution:
𝑋−𝜇
-
𝜎