PRINCIPLES OF EVALUATION

CLASS: 8 SUBJECT: PHYSICAL SCIENCES

PART-A
SECTION-I
1) a) Using lubricants between moving parts -1/2M
b) Using ball bearings -1/2M
(or)
Any two relevant examples
2) As metals are sonorous, and wood is not so bells are made of metals-1M
3) Needle in magnetic compass is made with magnet. When it puts near to bar magnet it
moves according magnetic law of attraction or repulsion -1M
4) Sound travels in mechanical wave form. Mechanical waves need medium so sound waves
do not travel in vacuum.-1M
SECTION-II
5) Net force in horizontal direction=20N-3N=17N or 3N-20N= -17N--------1M
Net force in vertical direction=6N-6N=0N-----------------1M
6) a) All objects on the earth float-------------1M
b) Even the earth rotates around the sun, we can’t stick with the earth------------1M
(or)
Any two relevant points
7) Physical properties of metals:
a) Bright appearance
b) Sonority
c) Malleability
d) Ductility
e) Electrical conductivity
f) Heat conductivity
Any four properties are given 2Marks

8) _____________1/2M

1) Take an iron stand with a clamp.

2 )Take cotton, wool, nylon and silk threads about 50cm length.
3) First tie cotton thread to stand it hangs freely from it .
4) At the free end attach a pan so that a weight can be placed on it for adding 10grams
each time till the thread breaks down.
5) Repeat the same activity with threads of wool, silk, and nylon
6) We observe from this experiment nylon thread bear more weight than other threads
Each point carries ¼ mark 6*1/4=1.5M

9) I) Most of the metals react with dilute acids to form salts and hydrogen gas

Metal + Acid Salt + Hydrogen gas ----------------------------1M

 Hydrogen gas burns with a pop up sound when a lightened match stick is brought near the
mouth of test tube in which it is produced.-----------------------1/2M
Only less reactive metals like copper, silver and gold do not react with dilute acids-------
1/2M

SECTION-III
10) a) i) Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new material s .-----------1M
ii) Recycling is important to keep the environment clean. -----------------------------------1M
For example: rubber materials old tyres are compressed, melted and burnt to get
heat energy and are treated chemically to produce lubricating oil or other oils. 2M
(or)
Any relevant examples can be considered

b) A material which is easily decomposed by natural process is called bio degradable,

and which is not decomposed by natural processes is called non bio gradable.--------1M
For example materials like peels of fruits, vegetables and waste food stuff which are
bio degradable.----------------1M
Plastics take several years to decompose which is non bio degradable----------1M
Impact on environment: Slow decomposition causes environmental pollution.
The burning process of synthetic material is also very slow and can’t be burnt
Completely. This fumes coming from these burning materials causes air pollution.-- 1M
11) a)

-------------------------------1M
i) Put a hack-saw blade in between a table and a brick as shown in the figure and
Press it and leave it abruptly. It produces sound. What is the state of the blade while it is
producing sound? You must have noticed that objects

Vibrate while they are producing sound. You can feel these vibrations if you touch the objects. We
are able to observe the vibrations of the plate and papers of the
book. We have also observed vibrations of the hack-saw blade. Thus we can conclude that a
vibrating body produces sound. From this we establish that vibrating objects produce sounds.-------
---------------------------------3M

Any relevant example can be considered and award marks

b)
a) Tablas, Dholak, Drum-----------------------1M
b) Air molecules or particles ----------------------1M
c) In Tablas particles are vibrating in membrane where as in Sitar, particles in string vibrating -------
------------------1M
d) By changing length of the air column, we alter the frequencies ---------------1M

12) a)

Diagram---------2M
Parts------------- 2M

b)
Diagram---------2M
Parts------------- 2M

7N 10N

13) a)
1) Sound produced by source travels in a medium in the form of waves
2) Vibrations produced by source of sound travel by particles of medium ------------------
1M
3) In the case of solids, particles of solid substance vibrates and travel along the
substance--------- 1M
4) In the case of liquids, molecules of liquids carry the vibrations for sound propagation----
----------1M
5) In the case of gas, gaseous molecules act as carriers of vibrations and allow the sound
propagation.--------------1M
b) Structure and functions of the ear :
 ------------------------- 1M
Structure and functions:

1) Ear consists of three sections ,the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear.
2) Pinna of external ear collects the sound vibrations. They enter into ear canal .Sound travels
in the form of vibrations. These vibrations strike the the eardrum and make it vibrate
3) This vibrating stirrup strikes on the membrane of inner ear made of liquid cochlea
4) The vibrating liquid of cochlea set up an electrical impulse to the auditory nerve which goes
to brain and we get the sensation of hearing.

Any three points can be given 3 marks

PART-B

14) D
15) C
16) C
17) B
18) C
19) B
20) B
21) A
22) C
23) C
24) A
25) D
26) A
27) B
28) D
29) A
30) B
31) B
32) A OR B
33) B