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Management
Systems
Lecture -2
An overview of
lecture - 1
• Database definitions
• Database history
• File processing systems
– Shortcomings
• Advantages of database approach
What we are
going to study
next?
Lecture Overview
• More advantages of database
approach
• Disadvantages
• Data, its levels
• Database users
• Some common terms
Other Advantages
Data consistency
Better data security
Improved data standards
Balancing of conflicting
requirements
Faster development of
new applications
They also provide
• Economy of scale
• Better control concurrency
• Better backup and recovery procedures
BUT
Its not always just
the
SUGAR
Disadvantages
• Higher costs
• Conversion cost
• More difficult recovery
Summary of DB
Pros n Cons
• A very useful approach for data
processing Provide a
???
Data As Resource
Resource
Any asset that is of
value to an organization
and that incurs cost
Data As Resource
Is Data
A Resource ? ? ?
Levels of Data
• Real-world data
• Metadata
• Data Occurrence
Database Users
• Application Programmers
• End Users
– Naïve
– Sophisticated
Database Users
• Database Administrator (DBA)
A person who has central control over
data and programs that access this data
Functions of DBA
Schema definition
Granting data access
Functions of DBA
Routine Maintenance
Backups
Monitoring disk space
Monitoring jobs running
Data, Database, Data Model and DBMS
End users
Software interact
DBMS Database
maintain Administrators
“How” to get
Data
Database
design Designers
Database
Users
LOOK
we are approaching
THE END
Common Terms
• Data
• Information
• Database Management system
(DBMS)
Common Terms
• Data: Facts concerning things, such as
people, objects, or events
Common Terms
• Information: Data that have been processed
and presented in a form suitable for human
interpretation
Data, Information
and Knowledge
Amir Shoes Amir is most
Database
?
Mohsin Scarves likely to buy new
Tahira Jewelry product
Queries Jahangir Groceries
Lecture -2