WEEK 2

Week 2 : clause vs sentence,types of sentence

TYPES OF SENTENCE

There are four kinds of sentences in paragraph or essay : a simple sentence, compound
sentence, complex sentence, and complex compound sentence
a) Simple sentence
It consist of one simple sentence which has one main subject, one main verb, and one object if needed
(transitive or intransitive verb). For example :

1. The work nof the medical professional requires strict rules of conduct
Noun (subject) verb Noun (object)
2. The cells is developing in brain
N(subject) V N

The example number one shows that the sentence has one noun (the work of medical
professional) as subject,one main verb requires, and one noun strict rules of conduct as object,
and the example number two has one noun the cells as subject, one mainverb is developing in
continuous verb, and one object brain of preposition in. thus both sentences are simple
sentences.
The different lies in the verbs that show transitive and intransitive verb. The object in
sentence one is the object of the verbs requires. It is calles the object of the sentence,so the verb
is transitive verb. However,object in sentence two is not either the object of the verb developing
or the obect of the sentence. It is the object of preposition in. thus the verb is intransitive verb.
b) Compound sentence
It consist of more than one simple sentence,connected by and,or,but,so (with comma beforehand).
There will be one main simple sentence as the main clause among those simple sentences and that
main sentence has one main subject and verb. For example :

Ethics is applied to the health professional’s moral responsibility, and it is the sciene of
appropriate
Main sentence clause
conduct toward others.

The sentence is a compound sentence. It has a main sentence and other clause connected
by and. We should noted that the clause consist of the subject and one verb. If the clause changes
into phrase, the whole sentence will be simple sentence. For example :

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 Ethics is applied to the health professional’s moral responsibility and the sciene of
conduct
Noun verb noun (object of position).

towars others
c) Complex sentence
It consist of one main sentence and more than one clause in form of an adjective or an adverb clause.
a. Adjective clause/relative clause : a clause proceeded by who,whom,which,that,where,when,and
whose. For example :

The radiographic examining room should be scrupulously clean as any other rooms which are
Adjective clause
used for medical purposes.

b. Adverb clause : a clause proceeded by connector; because,after,as,etc. for example :

the table should be cleaned after each axamination has been done.
Adverb clause

d) Compound complex
It is the combination of part B and C. For example :

The room should be cleaned. and it must be well organized from the previous examination so that
Compound
the good impression will last on the patients.
Complex

Analyze the paragraph below, underline each simple,compound,complex,or

compound complex sentences! Try to ranslate!

Needle Free Injection

Learn how to reduce needle sticks and the risk that they involve. How sharp are you
when it comes to administering drugs or vaccines without needle? Are you familiar with the
injection system that propel medication into the tissue without sticking the patients? Perhaps you
know about the needle-free system such as medijector insulin injector,which allows self
administration of specific drugs and it deliversseveral fixed doses of one solution and may be
used for mass immunization.

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 CLAUSE VS SENTENCE

Clause is a group of words which form a grammatical unit and which contain a subject and a
finited verb. It is a sentence or part of sentence started by connector,because,after,which,who etc.
For example :
Because I was late, they help me to cast the image on time
We collect the data which are from the patients

Exercise 5 : Read the paragraph and underline the clause!

Care for radiographic examining room
The radiograph examining room should be scrupulously clean as any other rooms which
are used for medical purposes. The mechanical parts of the x-ray machine that are the tableside,
supporting structure and the collimator should be wiped with a clean, damp (not soaked) cloth
every day. The metal parts of the machine should be periodically cleaned with the disinfectant.
The overhead system,x-ray tube,and other parts that conduct electrically should be cleaned with
alcohol or a clean,dry cloth. Water is never used to clean electrical parts.

Exercise 6 : What are the meaning of the underline words and find the synonym!

Exercise 7 : Based on the paragraph, try to explain the steps of cleaning the room in
Indonesian!

UNIT 114 At/On/In (time)

a) At. We use at with times :

at 5 o’clock. at 11.45. at midnight. At lunchtime

- Tom usually leaves work at five o’clock

But we usually leave out at when we ask (at) what time?

- What time are you going out this evening?

We also use at in these expressions:

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At night I don’t like going out at night
At the week-end /at week-ends Will you be there at the week-ends?
At Christmas/at Easter We give each other presents at Christmas
At the moment/at present Mr. Benn is busy at the moment/at present
At the same time Ann and I arrived at the same tim
At the age of… Tom left school at the age of 1 of 16/ at
16

b. On. We use on with dates and days :

On 2 March. On Friday(s). on Christmas Day (but at Christmas)
- They got married on 12 March
We also say :
On Friday morning (s). on Sunday afternoon(s). on Monday evening(s). on Saturday night(s) etc.
- I usually go out on Monday evenings.

c) In. we use in for longer periods of time (for example ; months/years/seasons) :

In April in 1968 in (the)winter
th
In the 18 century in the 1970s in the Middle Ages
- The got married in 1968

d) We do not use at/on/in before last and next:

- I’ll see you next Friday
- They got married last March

e) In + a period of time = a time in the future:

- The train will be leaving in a few minutes (= a few minutes from now)
- Jack’s gone away. He’ll be back in a week (= a week from new)
- They are getting married in six months. (= six months from now)
You can also say “ in six months” , “ in a week’s time etc:
- They are getting married in six months time
We also use in to say how long it takes to do something:
- I learnt to drive in four weeks (= it took me four weeks to learn)

UNIT 114 Exercises

114.1 in this exercise you have to complete the sentence. Each time us at,on or in with one of the
phrases from the box
She 1920s 1917 the 15th century about five minutes the same time

Saturdays night the age of five 21 July 1969 the moment

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 1. Columbus discovered America in the 15th Century
2. The first man landed on the moon…
3. In Britain football matches are usually played…
4. Youcan see the stars…
5. In Britain children have to start school…
6. Jazz became popular in the United Stated…
7. It’s difficult to listen when everyone is speaking…
8. The Russian Revolution took place…
9. Tom isn’t here…

114.2 Put in the correct preposition : at,in, or on

Example : the concert starts at 7.45. I learnt to drive in four weeks.
1. The course begins … 7 january and ends … 10 March
2. I went to bed … midnight and got up … 6.30 the next morning
3. We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived … 5 o’clock … the morning
4. Mozart was born in Salzburg … 1756
5. Are you doing anything special … the week-end?
6. Hurry up! We’ve got to go … five minutes
7. I haven’t seen Ann for a few days. I last saw her … Tuesday
8. I’ll phone you … Tuesday morning … about 10 o’clock, okay?
9. I might not be at home … the morning. Can you phone … the afternoon instead?
10. Tom;s grandmother died … 1977 … the age of 79
11. Jack’s brother is an engineer but he’s out of work … the moment
12. The price of electricity is going up … October
13. … Sunday afternoon I usually go for a walk in the country
14. There are usually a lot of parties … new year’s eve
15. I like walking round the town … night. It’s always so peaceful
16. Do you fancy going to the cinema... Friday night?
17. Tom doesn’t see his parents very often these days-usually only… Christmas and sometimes …
the summer for a few days
18. I’ve been invited to a weeding … 14 february
19. I’m just going out to do someshopping. I’ll be back… half an hour
20. Carol got married … 17,which is rather young to get married
21. Ann work hrd during the week,so she likes to relax … week-ends
22. It was quite a short book and easy to read it … half an hour
23. The telephone and the doorbell rang … the same time
24. Mary an Henry lways go out for a meal .. their wedding anniversary
25. Mr davis is 63. He’ll be retiring from his job … two years time
Reading a nursing schedule

Speaking

Work in pairs. Ask and answer these questions with your parter
1. What time is it now?
2. What time do you get up in the morning?
3. What time do you start work/your shift every day?

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 4. What time do you/ does your shift finish?
A : What time is it now?
B : It’s half past seven

Student A,look at the information on this page. Students B,look at the information on
page 68. Follow the instructions.
Student A
Look at this hospital facilities schedule.take the role of patoent or visitor and ask Student
B questions to complete the information
Midland Town Hospital
Visiting hours 2.00 p.m - 4.00 p.m daily
6.30 p.m – 8.00 p.m daily
Car park Monday to Friday : …
Bank Weekdays : ….
Restaurant Monday to Friday : …
Saturday and Sunday : 10.00 p.m – 5.00 p.m
Coffee shop Monday to Friday : …
Saturday and Sunday : 10.00 a.m – 5.00 p.m
Gift shop Monday,Wednesday,Thursday :10.00 a.m – 5.00 p.m
Tuesday and Friday : …
Saturday and Sunday : 10.00 a.m – 5.00 p.m
Newsstand Monday to Friday : 10.00 a.m -8.00 p.m
Saturday and Sunday : …
Patient Breakfast : …
mealtimes Dinner : 12.30 p.m
Tea : …
Beverages : 10.00 a.m and 7.15 p.m

What are the visiting hours?

What are the opening hours of the bank?
What time does the car park open/close?
When is breakfast?

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