CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this Biology Investigatory project on

the topic drug addiction has been successfully completed
by STALIN DASH of class XII under the guidence of Mrs
Jayamala Ghosh in particular fulfilment of the curriculum
of Central Board Of Secondary Education{CBSE} leading to
the award of annual examination of the year 2019-20.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my sincere thanks and deep sense
a gratitude to Mrs Jaymala Ghosh ( PGT Biology) for her
wise and worthy guidance , valuable counselling and
encouragement for bringing out humble piece of light .

I am extremmly thankful to whole faculities of Range

School , Balasore for their kind cooperation , suggestion
and facilities extended for the conduct of experiment for
the same project.

Last but not least I would like to extend my thanks of

gratitude to my family members for their constant
inspiration and supply of matirials when required , without
which this project would only be a distance dream .

Finnaly , I express thanks to one and who have directly or

indirectly assisted for the completion of this project work.

Abstract
Drug abuse, also called substance abuse or chemical
abuse, is a disorder that is characterized by a destructive
pattern of using a substance that leads to significant
problems or distress. Teens are increasingly engaging in
prescription drug abuse, particularly narcotics (which are
prescribed to relieve severe pain), and stimulant
medications, which treat conditions like attention deficit
disorder and narcolepsy.

Any substance, other than food, used in the prevention,

diagnosis, all aviation or treatment of a disease is called a
drug. Drug is also known as a medicine. Generally, the
term drugs applied to any stimulating or depressing
substance that can be habituating or addictive. A drug,
broadly speaking, can be categorized in many ways; hard
or soft, uppers or downers, addictive or non-addictive,
most harmful or least harmful, legal or illegal.

Some Harmful Drugs

1.Heroin:

Commonly used as smack Heroin is chemically

diacetylmorphine which is a white, odorless, bitter
crystalline compound. This is obtained by acetylation of
morphine which is extracted from latex of poppy plant
Papaver somniferum.

2.Cannabinoids:

Natural cannabinoids are obtained from the inflorescences

of the plant Cannabis sativa. The flower tops, leaves and
the resin of the plant are used in various combinations to
produce marijuana, hashish, charas and ganja. .

3.Cocaine:

It is obtained from coca plant Erythroxylum coca, native to

South America. It interferes with the transport of the
neuro-transmitter dopamine. Cocaine, commonly called
coke or crack is usually snorted.

How drug addiction Begin?

There are many factors that lead people to drug
addiction.
1. Curiosity: Frequent references to drugs by public
media create curiosity for having a personal
experience of the drugs.
2. Friend’s pressure: Frequent appreciation of drug
experience by friends allures others to start the use
of drugs.
3. Frustration and Depression: Some people start
taking drugs to get relief from frustration and
depression.
4. Desire for More Work: Students sometimes take
drugs to keep awake the whole night to prepare for
examination.
5. Looking for a Different World: A wrong notion
that the drugs open up a new world tempts some
young pupils to start taking-drugs.
6. Relief from Pain: A prolonged use of pain-
relieving drugs with physician’s advice at times leads
to addiction.
7. Family History: Children may take to drugs by
seeing their elders in the family.
8. Excitement and Adventure: The young take to
drugs to satisfy their instinct for excitement and
adventure.

Smoking, Drinking and Use of Drugs

Smoking and drinking and use of drugs frequently or
regularly are social diseases. Young people take to
these habits for fun, show off or curiosity, as an
adventure or feeling of freedom, or as a gesture of
defiance against the elders who themselves indulge
in these activities but check the youngsters.
Temporary escape from the life problems and mental
relaxation felt on taking the drugs in the beginning
increase people’s interest in them.

Short-Term Effects
• Loss of appetite
• Contracted blood vessels
• Increased rate of breathing
• Disturbed sleep patterns
• Nausea
• Hyperstimulation
• Hallucinations, hyperexcitability, irritability
PERMANENT LONG-TERM EFFECTS
• Permanent damage to blood vessels of ear and
brain, high blood pressure, leading to heart attacks,
strokes and death
• Liver, kidney and lung damage
• Respiratory failure
• Auditory and tactile hallucinations
• Sexual problems, reproductive damage and
infertility (for both men and women)