Homework on Classifying Linear Transformations

Mathematics 314—Linear Algebra for Differential Equations

Dr. Peratt
November 21, 2019

For the following matrices: (1) find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors, (2) find the Jordan Canonical
Form of the matrix, and (3) sketch a flow diagram for the LT.

! "
0.6420 −0.1680
A=
−0.1120 0.6980

! "
0.1333 −0.5333
B=
5.3333 3.8667

! "
0.5000 0.3000
C=
1.5000 1.7000

! "
0.5736 0.8192
D=
−0.8192 0.5736

! "
0.1871 −0.6120
E=
0.6120 0.1871

1
 Homework on Classifying Linear Transformations
Mathematics 314—Linear Algebra for Differential Equations
Dr. Peratt
November 21, 2019

For the following matrices: (1) find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors, (2) find the Jordan Canonical
Form of the matrix, and (3) sketch a flow diagram for the LT.

A has eigenvalues of 0.53 and 0.81, and corresponding eigenvectors of [3, 2] and [−1, 1]. Hence, it
is a sink. The flow diagram can be seen on the next page.

B has eigenvalues of 1.20 and 2.80, and corresponding eigenvectors of [1, −2] and [1, −5]. Hence,
it is a source. The flow diagram can be seen on the next page.

C has eigenvalues of 2.0 and 0.2, and corresponding eigenvectors of [1, 5] and [−1, 1]. So it is a
saddle with stable manifold in the direction [−1, 1] and unstable manifold in the direction
[1, 5]. The flow diagram can be seen on the next page.

D has eigenvalues for which r = 1.000 and θ = 55.0005◦. Since the contraction/expansion factor
is 1, there is neither contraction nor expansion. Hence this is a rotation by approximately
55◦ either in the clockwise or counter-clockwise direction. We can figure out which direction
the rotation is in by testing a point. For example, the point (1, 0), when multiplied by the
original matrix, gives (0.5736, −0.8192), which is in the fourth quadrant; hence, the rotation
must be clockwise since it moved this point (1, 0) in a clockwise direction.) The flow diagram
can be seen on the next page.

E has eigenvalues for which r = 0.64 and θ = 73◦ . This is a rotation combined with a contraction
of factor 0.64. Since the angle of the complex eigenvalues is 73◦ , the rotation is either ±73◦ .
We note that, since the point (1, 0) gets sent to [0.1871, 0.6120] when multiplied by the
matrix, the rotation must be +73◦ , or counter-clockwise. The flow diagram can be seen on
the next page.