NAME : ROZAN IBNU MUAMMAR TIFA

CLASS : 3A PBI
NPM : 1618500011

“ BABY LANGUAGE ACQUISITION FROM TWO TO FIVE YEARS BABY”

I did this research based on Cognitive Theory from Jean Piaget (Piaget's Theory of Cognitive
Development) and Behavioral Theory from John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner
(Behavioral Child Development Theories). After I did this researched and observed from the baby
name Amisha, I will show the results of my research. Here my table below:
TABLE OF CONTENTS: THE BABY LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
No. Name Age Date Syllable Words Utterances
1. Amisha 3 November /ei/ /y/ /w/ /h/ Merah, Amisha is not clear to
Fathiyarahma Aliva 26th, 2019 2 syllables Biru, pronounce that words because
(Mei+yah) Warna, she still learn how to
(Bi+yu) Kuning, pronounce /r/ sound,
(Wan+ya) Hijau She pronounce :
(Ku+ning) - Merah : /Meiyah/
(I-jaw) - Biru : /Biyu/
(hung+u) - Warna : /wanya/
- Kuning : /Kuning/
-Hijau : /ijaw/
-Ungu : /hungu/
“Mobil wanya meiyah”
So, she pronounce /y/ instead
/r/ sounds.
(I asked Amisha to guest the
objects color pictures on my
Android)
2. November /u/ /t/ /l/ Aku, Amisha is still learn to
27th, 2019 2 syllables Kucing pronounce the word with /k/
(a+tu) Sakit, sound, She pronounce the word
(u+cing) Ikan, - Aku : /atu/
(a+tit) Jerapah, - Kucing : /ucing/ / /meyong/
(I+tan) Gajah, - Sakit : /Atit/
 (Ga+jah) Kambing - Ikan : /Itan/
(Ma+can) Macan - Jerapah: /Jelapah/
3 syllables - Gajah : /Gajah/
Je+la+pah - Macam : /Macan/
- “pus, meyong sinih”
- “empus sinih pus”
So, she sometimes change or
remove /k/ sound with /t/.
(I show Amisha some Animals
pictures from my Android and
fortunately there was a cat
passing through and I
immediately order Amisha to
call that cat.)
3. November /ie/ /ei/ /e/ Mamah, Amisha pronounce :
28th, 2019 2 syllables Manis , “Mamah” : /Ama/
(A+ma) Es Krim, “Manis” : /Manieyis/
3 syllables Cokelat, “Es krim” : /Eis kerim/
Es+ke+rim “Coklat” : /Cokelat/
Ma+nie+yis “Sasa, eis aciss”
Co+ke+lat (I have an Ice-Cream in my
freezer and I give the ice-cream
for Amisha then we talk about
Ice-Cream)
4. November /k/ Banana Amisha Pronounce:
29th, 2019 /y/ Elephant - Banana : /Banana/
1 syllable Lion - Elephant : /Elepen/
Do Dog - Lion : /Layon/
Ket Cat - Dog : /Do/
2 syllables Apple - Cat : /Ket/
La+yon Dolphin - Rambutan : /lambutan/
Dol+pin - Dolphin : /Dolpin/
3 syllables - “Itan yang lompat”
Ba+na+na ( I show some pictures of
E+le+pen fruits and animals with
 Lam+bu+tan english language and I try
to pronounce, so Amisha
can hear me, then I asked
Amisha to follow my voice
or try to pronounce the
word that I had been given
for Amisha. I also try to
teach her some English
vocab.)
5. November /w/ /t/ /y/ Satu, Amisha at the age of 3 years.
30th, 2019 2 syllables Dua, She can count 1 to 10. But she
a+tu Tiga, still learning to pronounce the
u+wa Enam, number or to order the number.
i+ga Delapan - Satu : /atu/
En+yam - Dua : /uwa/
La+pan - Tiga : /iga/
- Enam : /Enyam/
- Delapan : /lapan/
- “Hape sasa ada uwa”
( I ask Amisha to count
from 1 to 10)
6. December /e/ /i/ /m/ Makan, She pronounce :
1st , 2019 2 syllables Emban, - Makan : /maem/
Ma+em Main, - Emban : /emban/
Em+ban Minum - Main : /maen/
Ma+en - Minum : /mimi/
Mi+mi “Mah, mimi teh”

 QUESTION
1. Why Language Acquisition of the Amisha is in such level?
Answer:
Because Amisha at Pre-operational Stage (3 years old), according to Jean Piaget
theory, During this period, baby are thinking at a symbolic level but are not yet using their
logical more clearly. So, the early pre-operational stage is marked by a dramatic increase in
baby’s use of the symbolic function. This is the ability to make one thing: a word or an object
 stand for something other than itself. For the baby at the age of 3 years, Amisha is a very
smart girl. She really quick to accept and adapt the environment around her. I think because
her parents always teach her a good lesson and teach her how to hear, feel, and see. This
stage, Amisha can also mentally show events and objects which is why the baby in this stage
always want to play like playing with toys and explore the outside world. Amisha usually
pretend such as toys and Barbie dolls have human feelings and intentions.

2. What factors that influence the baby language acquisition?

Answer:
I observed Amisha's behavior and manner of speech and then I focusing with a
behavioral theory from John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner to understand the
factors that influence the baby Language Acquisition. So, the factors are classical
conditioning and operant conditioning. So, I’m not only observe the way the Amisha spoke,
but also their behaviors and abilities at the pre-operational stage. I think, Amisha’s parents
and environment around Amisha also have an important factors for Amisha Language
Acquisition. So, what factors that influence the Amisha language acquisition? These fall
into two parts:
a) Classical Conditioning
So, I often see Amisha behavior and her manner because Amisha is my nephew
and I often to meet her. In classical conditioning from Amisha, She now can
understand the stimulus and response to foods or objects at pre-operational stage.
So, when Amisha smell or look one of her favorite foods, she may immediately
feel very hungry. Then, she eat the foods and can response the tastes, for example:
I still remember when Amisha eat ice-cream they can taste the sweetness of the ice
cream, and usually said “manis” or “sweet” if I ask Amisha “Rasanya gimana es
nya?”. Usually, when ice-cream cart with music passing by in front of Amisha
house, then Amisha hear the music and see the cart, then Amisha felt very hungry
and Amisha want to buy an ice-cream sometimes with crying. Amisha now can
also understand basic color of an object in this stage. So, one of the factors is
stimulus to increase the baby curiosity by exploring and sensing the objects around
the baby.
b) Operant Conditioning
One of important factors that influence baby language acquisition that the baby
at pre-operational stage: The baby can differentiate a little bit about what is wrong
and what is right, punishments, parents, other people and a rewards. I want to show
 some examples from Amisha behavior and manner because I have known Amisha
for a long time since she was born but I still with behavioral theory, here the
examples below:
 When Amisha falling down from a chair, she felt hurt on the leg. Usually
she said “Atit” which mean “sakit / hurt” with crying or when Amisha
standing near a goat, she doesn’t want to standing near that goat because
Amisha thinks that disgusting, scary and smell very bad.
 Then, when the Amisha’s mother asked Amisha to practice recite the
Arabic letter or memorize surah of the Qur’an, Amisha just want to watch
a cartoon. So, the mother speak to Amisha that the mother will give Amisha
an ice-cream if Amisha want to practice recite the Qur’an. That’s a reward
and Amisha will be very happy to recite the Qur’an.
 Amisha sometimes ignore her/his mother, also Amisha sometimes play
with her friends with some dangerous stuff or Amisha sometimes does bad
things, and then her mother will angry with Amisha and advise Amisha not
doing that again. Usually, a mother asked Amisha to sleep or stay at home
as punishment. So, Amisha will understand what is wrong and what is right.
So, her parents have an important role for the baby language acquisition.
 Amisha tend to see a things from perspective of others and imitate people
behaviors and imitate people words or language. For example: When
Amisha mother smile, Amisha also smile or when Amisha hear some
people who said “Horay” then Amisha will try to pronounce that word.

3. Find international journal about Baby language acquisition!

Answer:
JEAN PIAGET'S THEORY OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, Dr. Pramod Mishra, Ms.
Shiwali Singh GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS : Volume-8 | Issue-7 |
July-2019
Review :
This journal is from Dr. Pramod Mishra, Ms. Shiwali Singhhis, In this journal the
author explain about the theory of cognitive development from Jean Piaget. Theory of
cognitive development had a dramatic impact on how we view the abilities of children. In
1970, Piaget came up with the theory of cognitive development. Piaget believed that children
pass through four stages in cognitive development (Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete
 Operational and Formal Operational). The journal focuses on Piaget theory of cognitive
development and its educational implications.
Link:https://www.worldwidejournals.com/global-journal-for-research-analysis-GJRA/article/jean-
piagets-theory-of-cognitive-development/MTEzMTA=/?is=1

4. What is the first language, native language, second language, and foreign language?
Answer:
a) First Language Acquisition
First language means a language that is learn by a person from his/her
mother. We often call it mother tongue. He/she learns what his/her mother
teaches him/her. Example, if a person is born in Spain, the mother tend to
interact in Spanish. If the mother speaks English from early child, we can say
that his/her first language is English. So it depends on the language a person
has been learnt from a very early age.
b) Native Language Acquisition
Native language acquisition is much less likely to be affected by mental
than the acquisition of other skill activities. A native language is one where
the person know all of the grammar they know, what sentences sound right
and what sound wrong, even if they don’t know why, and they can generate
new sentences.
c) Second Language Acquisition
Second language is a language that is learnt by a person after he/she
gets his/her first language. For example: A person who's born in Spain tends
to speak Spanish for the first time. After going to school, he/she learns English.
The English is called second language. The second language is not only used
during the school class but also used in daily life.
d) Foreign Language
Foreign Language are who study the language only but in everyday life
they doesn’t use. Foreign language is a new language that is learnt by person.
The new language is learnt only in formal education or learning purposes, but
it's not used in the daily life. For example, Egyptian people learn English only
in the school, but in their daily life, they never use it.
References
o Based on Cognitive Theory from Jean Piaget (Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development)
and Behavioral Theory from John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner (Behavioral
Child Development Theories).
o Children First Language Acquisition At Age 1-3 Years Old In Balata : IOSR Journal Of
Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), Volume 20, Issue 8, Ver. V (Aug. 2015),
PP 51-57, www.iosrjournals.org
o Piaget, J. (1951). Egocentric thought and sociocentric thought. J. Piaget, Sociological
studies, 270-286.
o Borke, H. (1975). Piaget's mountains revisited: Changes in the egocentric landscape.
Developmental Psychology, 11(2), 240.
o Skinner, B. F. (1953). Science and human behavior. SimonandSchuster.com.
o Watson, J. B. (1913). Psychology as the Behaviorist views it. Psychological Review, 20,
158–177.
o Pavlov, I. P. (1897). The work of the digestive glands. London: Griffin.
o Jean Piaget’s Theory of cognitive, Dr. Pramod Mishra, Ms. Shiwali Singh Global Journal
For Research Analysis : Volume-8 | Issue-7 | July-2019

- ROZAN IBNU M.T -