Geography Part 1

1. Planets

Planet Nicknames/Sorbiquests

Mercury Swift planet

Venus Veiled Planet, Morning/Evening Star, hot planet
Earth Blue Planet
Mars The Red Planet, Rusty Planet
Jupiter The Giant Planet
Saturn Ringed planet
Uranus Ice Giant

• The Earth is the densest planet in the Solar

System.
• The Moon (or Luna) is the Earth’s only natural
satellite
• Ganymede is Jupiter’s largest moon and also
the largest moon in the solar system
• Jupiter has the highest number of satellites.
• A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes
between Sun and Earth.
• Lunar eclipses occur when the Moon passes
through the Earth's shadow. This occurs only
when the Moon is on the far side of the Earth
from the Sun.
 2. Continents and Oceans

• Africa has the most number of countries.

• Asia is the largest continent on earth.
• Australia is the smallest of all the 7 continents.

• Largest ocean-Pacific Ocean

• Smallest ocean-Artic Ocean
• Total seas are 12.
• World’s largest sea (in area): South China
 3. Q/A

1. Which country has the longest coastline in the world?

a. Canada
b. Russia
c. U.S.A.
d. Indonesia

2. Which is the largest gulf in the world?

a. Gulf of Thailand
b. Gulf of Oman
c. Gulf of Alaska
d. Gulf of Mexico

3. Which of the following oceans holds almost 50% of total water on the planet?

a. Pacific Ocean
b. Atlantic Ocean
c. Indian Ocean
d. Arctic Ocean

4. Where is the deepest part of world's ocean located?

a. Arctic Ocean
b. Atlantic Ocean
c. Indian Ocean
d. Pacific Ocean

5. The oceans cover ______ of the surface of the earth.

a. 50%
b. 60%
c. 71%
d. 80%

6. Which of the following is the smallest ocean of the world?

a. Pacific
b. Indian
c. Atlantic
d. Arctic

7. Which of the following oceans is between Africa and Australia?

a. Indian Ocean
b. Arctic Ocean
c. South Atlantic Ocean
d. South Pacific Ocean

8. Tides in the sea are caused by

a. Effects of the moon

b. Effects of the sun
c. Sun and the moon
d. Gravitational centrifugal or centripetal forces
 Answers: 1-a, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b, 5-c, 6-d, 7-a, 10-c

4. Nick name of countries:

• Finland – Land of a Thousand Lakes
• Bhutan – Land of the Thunder Dragon
• Japan – Land of the Rising Sun
• Israel – The Holy Land
• Egypt – The Gift of the Nile
• Pearl of the India Ocean - Sri Lanka
• God’s Own Country - New Zealand
• Play ground of Europe- Switzerland
• Land of midnight sun- Norway
• White elephant- Thailand

5. Important borders:
• 38th Parallel is the parallel of latitude which separates North Korea and South
Korea.
• 49th Parallel is the boundary between USA and Canada.

• Radcliffe Line was drawn up by Sir Cyril Radcliffe, demarcating the boundary
between India and Pakistan. Siegfried Line is the line of fortification drawn up by
Germany on its border with France.
• 17th Parallel defined the boundary between North Vietnam and South Vietnam
before two were united.

• MacMahon Line was drawn up by Sir Henry MacMahon, demarcating the

frontier of India and China. China did not recognize the MacMahon line and
crossed it in 1962.

• Durand Line is the line demarcating the boundaries of Pakistan and

Afghanistan. It was drawn up in 1896 by Sir Mortimer Durand.
 6. Highest/lowest longest/deepest List [World]

01. Longest River -----------------------------Nile,

02. Highest Plateau --------------------------Pamir (Tibet)
03. Highest Volcano -------------------------Cotopaxi (Andes, Equador)
04. Longest Mountain System ----------- Andes, South America,
05. Deepest place in the Ocean ---------Off the Island of Mariana Trench,
06. Lowest point on Surface --------------Dead Sea, Israel-Jordan
07. Biggest and deepest Ocean ------- Pacific Ocean
08. Smallest Ocean ------------------------Arctic Ocean,
09. Largest Continent ---------------------Asia,
10. Smallest Continent ----------------Australia,
11. Largest River (in volume) ----------Amazon (Brazil)
12. Largest River Basin -------------- Basin of Amazon,
13. Largest Salt Water Lake ------------Caspian Sea (U.S.S.R. and Iran),
14. Largest fresh water Lake ------------Superior
15. Deepest Lake -------------------------Baikal (Siberia)

7. Facts about "INDIA"

• India has a land frontier of about 15,200 km and a coastline of 7516.6 km. A ratio of
approximately 2 : 1.

• Among the Indian states, Gujarat has the longest coastline of approximately 1600 km.

• The countries which have a common border with India are Pakistan, Afghanistan, China,
Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar and Bangladesh.

• India shares the longest border with Bangladesh (4,000 km appx).

• The nearest country with which India does not share a border is Sri Lanka which is
separated from India by a narrow channel of sea formed by Palk Strait on one side and
Gulf of Mannar on the other.

• The sex ratio is 940 females per 1000 males.

• The overall literacy rate is 74.04% (82.14 for males and 65.46 for females).

• The ratio of width of our Indian flag to length is 2 by 3.

 8. Atmosphere Layers

• Ozone layer is in Stratosphere.

• Lowest layer is troposphere.