ADJUSTABLE AND CONVERTIBLE STAIR CLIMBING TROLLEY

1. INTRODUCTION
This topic aims at developing a mechanism for easy transportation of load on the
stairs as well as on flat floor with less human effort. The need of such a system arises
from day to day requirements in our society. Devices such as hand trolley are used to
relieve the stress of lifting while on flat ground. These devices usually fail when it comes
to carrying a load over the stairs. Various design and ideas were conceived that would
allow non-industrial hand trolley to travel over stairs or uneven terrain while reducing the
effort on user. In our project, the trolley consists of, a tri-wheel, tri-star mechanism which
simplifies or eases the movement of trolley on irregular surfaces like holes, bump, or on
the stairs etc.

Fig. 1.1 Project

Our project relates to the field of load carrying equipment of a type that is manually
operated, and capable of moving upward, downward on stair and also use on flat floor. So
there should be a way to carry the objects through the stairs in a more comfortable and
tireless manner without forcing the user to apply more force so, this project introduces a

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new option for the loads over the stairs. In most of the schools, colleges, hospitals, hotels,
the unavailability of lift facility may face difficulties to carry load over stairs. So, the
“Stair Climbing Trolley” plays an important role in these areas to lift or to carry load over
the stairs.
A typical hand trolley consists of two small wheels located beneath a load-
bearing platform, the hand trolley usually has two handles on its support frame. These
handles are used to push, pull and maneuver the device. The handles may extend from the
top rear of the frame, or one handle may curve from the back. An empty hand trolley
usually stands upright in an L-shape, and products are usually stacked on top of the
platform. When the goods are in place, it is tilted backward so that the load is balanced
between the platform and the support frame. Especially if heavy or fragile materials are
moved, the person operating the trolley should return it to an upright position carefully, to
insure nothing falls off the platform. The front of the frame may be squared off for boxes
or curved for drums and barrels.

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2. LITURATURE SURVEY
The first research paper P.Jey Praveen Raj1, P.M.Mohamed Fuge2, R.Paul Caleb3,
G.Natarajan4 “DESGIN AND FABRICATION OF STAIR CLIMBING TROLLEY”
The stair climbing Trolley can play an important role in those areas to lift loads over a
short height, like libraries, hospital, and in construction area. The Trolley, which can
move upper level through strain, or run in very rough and rocky surfaces, is called stair
climbing Trolley.[1]
The second research paper 1Mulik shriniwas, 2Salunkhe Rohit, 3Shaikh Shahrukh,
4Waghmode Dada,5Swipnil Gaikwad “ADVANCED MATERIAL HANDLING
TROLLEY USING TRI- WHEEL MECHANISM” The power transmission to the single
or double wheel trolley is useless to climb the stairs due to height factor of stairs creates
huge obstacle on the way of vehicle. also The design of the straight wheel frame became
more complicated and was needed modified with its curve- spherical shape to give proper
drive, which create more frictional force. For these reason, three wheel set on each side of
vehicle attached with frame was introduced to provide smooth power transmission in
order to climb stairs without obstacles. Frame arrangement is suitable to transmit exact
velocity ratio also. It provided higher efficiency and compact layout with reliable
servicae.[2]
The third research paper Mr. Pratik H. Rathod 1#1, Mr. Ravi R. Mishra 2#2, Mr. Nitin A.
Waghamare 3#3 “DESGIN AND FABRICATION OF STAIR CLIMBING HAND
TRUCK” The technical issues in designing of this vehicle are the stability and speed of
the vehicle while climbing stairs. However, the steepness of the stairs is also the
important concern of this study. The uses of this special vehicle are in the frequent lift of
goods such as books for library, medicines for hospital, regular goods of any technical or
non- technical institutes, or transportation any toxic material for industries and give
freedom to the retarded person or paralyzed patients to move anywhere over flat surface
as well as stairs. The vehicle has four wheels arrangement to support its weight when it
moves over the flat surface. Each set wheel frame consists of three wheels attached with

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nut and bolt. Using of this vehicle, the labor cost can be reduced as well as huge amount
of loads can be transferred uniformly with less power consumption.

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3. BASIC STRUCTURE

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3.1 CONSTRUCTION OF PROJECT

Figure 3.1 shows actual diagram of project here the trolley is finally assembled. The
trolley consists of a frame and a tri- star wheel setup, which are assembled together.
As shown in figure, we can use the trolley on the stairs as well as on the flat floor.
As the handle of the trolley is adjustable so we can easily convert the trolley to flat
floor, while using on flat floor the tri- star wheel setup and a single wheel at the
centre rotating in 360degree. Due to this single rotating wheel the trolley is easily
turned to any direction without any effort on the operator.

Fig. 3.1 construction of project

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3.2 WORKING OF PROJECT

In this project we converted the handle of the trolley from fixed to adjustable
and also placed a single 360degree rotating wheel at the top of the trolley in
centre. of the heavy load over the stairs and on the flat floor became more easier
and effort less.
This project aims in working in the areas where, the availability of lift is
absent, on the irregular surfaces, and specially on the stairs.

Fig3.2 working of project

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4. THEORY OF PROJECT
4.1 Frame
A frame is fabricated as shown below in the figure3.1. The frame is design for a
height of 1200mm and is made up of coil pipe (MS) material. The handle of the trolley is
made adjustable above 500mm from the bottom, so that the trolley can be easily inclined
to any angle and able to carry load easily. The base of the trolley is made of mild steel
angle plate.

Fig. 4.1 Frame

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4.2 Tri- star wheel setup

A Tri- star wheel setup fabricated as show in below figure3.2. The tri- wheel setup is
used for clamping the wheels together. While climbing the stair it is difficult to climb
with a single wheel. Here, the wheels are clamp to each arm of the clamp, so while
climbing on the stairs the tri- star wheel setup rotates, when one of the wheel hits the
edge of the stairs. The fabrication of the tri- star is done by using a gas cutting process.
As fig 3.2 shows the wheels placed between two clamps and are held with the help of
nut and bolts.

Fig 4.2 Tri- star wheel setup

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ADJUSTABLE AND CONVERTIBLE STAIR CLIMBING TROLLEY
 ADJUSTABLE AND CONVERTIBLE STAIR CLIMBING TROLLEY

5. FEATURES
5.1 ADVANTAGES
1. Easy to carry loads over the stairs.
2. Adjustable and easy to carry.
3. No need of electrical supply.
4. Simple in use and requires less human effort.
5. It is easy to assemble and di-assemble.

5.2 LIMITATIONS
1. As the diameter of the shaft is small, so used for carrying light load .

5.3 APPLICATIONS
1 It is mostly used in areas where no availability of lifts.
2 Used in constructional areas.
3 Used in schools, colleges, hospitals.
4 Used in railway stations to carry luggage.

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6. SCOPE FOR FUTURE WORK

The future improvements that are possible in the stair climber are:

1. The material of the stair climber parts can be changed because now we are used mild
steel as material as it will increase the weight of the stair climber.
2. Instead of using steel as material we can use composite materials to reduce weight.
the mechanism of transmission system could be changed to get efficient output.
3. The power range produced to carry loads could be modified as per loading conditions
by changing motor and battery.
4. The size of the Tri-Star plate could be made as adjustable one to climb all sort of
stairs by using bolt and nuts or another adjusting mechanisms.

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7. CONCLUSION
Thus the stair climbing trolley was fabricated in such way that it could carry the heavy
loads over stairs and also used for carrying loads on flat surface from one place to other
place with less human effort. This proves to be more advantages in all places like
industries, schools, college etc.

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REFERENCES
1. P.Jey Praveen Raj1, P.M.Mohamed Fuge2, R.Paul Caleb3, G.Natarajan4 “DESGIN
AND FABRICATION OF STAIR CLIMBING TROLLEY”
2. 1Mulik shriniwas, 2Salunkhe Rohit, 3Shaikh Shahrukh, 4Waghmode Dada,5Swipnil
Gaikwad “ADVANCED MATERIAL HANDLING TROLLEY USING TRI- WHEEL
MECHANISM”
3. Robotics Research - Joint Special Issue on Vision and Robotics, 26(7), 737-758.
4. Schilling, K., Jungians, C., 1996. “Mobile Robots for Planetary Exploration,” Control
Engineering Practice, Vol. 4, No. 4.
5. Burdick, J.W., Radford, J., and Chirikjian, G.S., 1993, “A „Sidewinding‟ Locomotion
Gait for Hyper Praveen raj, Mohamed Fudge, Paul Caleb, Natarajan Page 102 Redundant
Robots,” Proc. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation.
6. Desai, R.S., Wilcox, B., Bedard, R., 1992, “JPL Robotic Vehicle Overview,” in

9. McTamaney, L.S., Douglas, B.D., Harmon, S.Y., 1989, “Mars Rover concept
development,” Proc. SPIE Conf. 1007, Mobile Robots III.

BOOK REFERED
1. “Desgin of machine elements “by V.B Bhandari.,
2. Work shop technology by R.K Jain.

WEBSITES
1. https://www.wikipedia.com
2. https://www.weldguru.com
3. https://www.nptel.ac.in
4. https://www.acornindprod.com

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