TOPIC : MINIMIZATION OF PROCESS HEAT DISSIPATION

TO COOLING TOWER

 MODERN TECHNOLOGYS FOR WASTE HEAT RECOVERY

An effective way to increase energy efficiency is to recover waste heat. The basic idea behind waste heat
recovery is to try to recover maximum amounts of heat in the plant and to reuse it as much as possible,
instead of just releasing it into the air or a nearby river. Our aim is to reuse generated heat instead of just
released as auxiliary heat in cooling tower. There are so many ways by which heat is generated in plant.
Which is basically passed to the cooling tower . cooling tower cooled water by transferring this heat to the
atmosphere directly , is called as auxillary heat.

This heat can be utilized by using developing technology to generate electricity or any pother use. This
techniques are as follows

1) ORC (ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE)

2) HEAT EXCHANGER (SPLIT TYPE)

1) ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE

Typical for waste heat recovery applications are the low temperatures (<350°C) and the low heat content.
The heat carrier (HC) can be a fluid, steam or flue gasses. In contrast to solar or geothermal(GEO)
applications, the heat carrier often forms an open loop. To avoid condensation of acidic flue gasses, a
higher cooling limit can be imposed. The dew point temperature depends on the composition of the flue
gas, but typical values range from around 100°C to 130°C . For heat to power applications, the main
operational goal is the maximization of the net power output.
 1) diagram of the basic ORC are given in Figure 1. The basic ORC consists of a pump which
pressurizes the working fluid and transports it to the evaporator (1). In the evaporator, the
working fluid is heated to the point of saturated or superheated vapour (2). Next, the working
fluid expands (3) through expander and produces mechanical work. This shaft power can then be
converted to electricity by the generator. The superheated working fluid at the outlet of the
expander is condensed to saturated liquid (4) in the condenser. The liquid working fluid is again
pressurized by the pump, closing the cycle. The heat sink and heat source are a finite thermal
reservoir and are indicated respectively

2) HEAT EXCHANGER (SPLIT TYPE):

A key component in waste heat recovery is the heat exchanger. The profitability of an investment in
waste heat recovery depends heavily on the efficiency of heat exchangers and their associated life cycle
costs (purchase, maintenance, etc).
Different designs All these factors vary considerably between different heat exchanger technologies.
Although compact heat exchangers are very common in the process industry today, shell-and-tube heat
exchangers are still dominating. Compact heat exchangers have many benefits over shell-and-tubes: • Up
to five times higher heat transfer efficiency

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IMPORTANCE OF SPLIT TYPE HEAT EXCHANGER :

 WHY WE USE SPLIT TYPE?

If we split the heat exchanger then area of heat transfer will decrease which results in decrease in
friction loss. Lower the friction los, lower the pressure drop result in heat exchanger.

As shown in figure process heat at various temperature comes in split type heat exchanger. In one part
of heat exchanger process heat pass whereas in other part del T of 10degree is maintain.

We got various heat temperature sources like 90 degree, 100degreeand 110degree. This can be used in
heat engine or it can be passed in VAPOUR ABSORBTION MACHINE to generate chilled water.