PTE Pred

猩际PTE 8⽉月12⽇日~8⽉月18⽇日⾼高频预测机经更更多机经请访问官⽹网www.apeuni.
com
猩际PTE 8⽉12⽇~8⽉18⽇
⾼频预测机经
⼀一、⼝口语 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 12
RA -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12
1. December sales ----------------------------------------------------------------- 13
2. Yellow ----------------------------------------------------------------------------13
3. Lenient parents 🔥 -------------------------------------------------------------- 13
4. Orientalists 🔥 -------------------------------------------------------------------13
5. Blue (B) 🔥 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 13
6. Nutritional bankrupt -------------------------------------------------------------13
7. Pluto ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14
8. Educational demand ------------------------------------------------------------14
9. Beauty contest ------------------------------------------------------------------14
10. Herbivore ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 14
11. Body composition -------------------------------------------------------------14
12. Companies ---------------------------------------------------------------------14
13. Augustus ------------------------------------------------------------------------15
14. Statistical information ---------------------------------------------------------15
15. Recycling ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
16. Shrimp farm --------------------------------------------------------------------

15
17. Fast food🔥 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
18. Business school admission -------------------------------------------------- 15
19. Hazard assessment ----------------------------------------------------------- 16
20. Divorce -------------------------------------------------------------------------16
21. Flattened world ----------------------------------------------------------------16
22. Botswana’s AIDS -------------------------------------------------------------- 16
23. Tea ceremony ------------------------------------------------------------------16
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猩际PTE 8⽉月12⽇日~8⽉月18⽇日⾼高频预测机经更更多机经请访问官⽹网www.apeuni.com
24. Only family🔥 ------------------------------------------------------------------17
25. Tesla&Edison ------------------------------------------------------------------17
26. Industrial revolution 🔥 -------------------------------------------------------17
27. Internal combustion engine -------------------------------------------------- 17
28. Lincoln -------------------------------------------------------------------------17
29. Electric car 🔥 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 17
30. Semiconductor industry -------------------------------------------------------18
31. Population growth -------------------------------------------------------------18
RS: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19
DI: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------22
1. UK media ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 23
2. Chiang Mai Weather -------------------------------------------------------------23
3. Beijing weather ----------------------------------------------------------------- 24
4. Switzerland Language ----------------------------------------------------------24
5. London Fleet Street ------------------------------------------------------------25
6. Solar yard light -------------------------------------------------------------------25
7. BMI ------------------------------------------------------------------------------26
8. Economic inactivity -------------------------------------------------------------- 26
9. Pencil length ---------------------------------------------------------------------27
10. Food pyramid ------------------------------------------------------------------27
11. Sleep hours 🔥 ----------------------------------------------------------------28
12. Food&oil price ------------------------------------------------------------------28
13. Most livable states ----------------------------------------------------------- 29
14. Forest Annual Change ---------------------------------------------------------29
15. Rhino distribution -------------------------------------------------------------30
16. Frog life cycle ------------------------------------------------------------------30
17. Temperature and Precipitation ------------------------------------------------31
18. Egypt Trading -------------------------------------------------------------------31
19. 100% Health 🔥 ---------------------------------------------------------------32
20. Tree Ring and Saw 🔥 -------------------------------------------------------- 32
21. Sunrise & Sunset -------------------------------------------------------------- 33
22. Sprouting ----------------------------------------------------------------------33
23. Population&Consumption ----------------------------------------------------- 34
24. Luxembourg age group -------------------------------------------------------- 34
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25. Electricity generation ----------------------------------------------------------35
26. Air temperature ----------------------------------------------------------------35
27. Laboratory plan ----------------------------------------------------------------36
28. Hight of tree -------------------------------------------------------------------- 36
29. Landuse of India ---------------------------------------------------------------37
30. Length of fish ------------------------------------------------------------------37
31. Apple life cycle 🔥 ------------------------------------------------------------38
32. Palm oil production ----------------------------------------------------------- 38
33. Gariep basin -------------------------------------------------------------------39
34. Green bin program -------------------------------------------------------------39
35. Water Distribution -------------------------------------------------------------- 40
36. Income of bachelor 🔥 -------------------------------------------------------- 40
RL: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41
1. Implicit&Explicit memory 🔥 ---------------------------------------------------42
2. Food quantification 🔥 ---------------------------------------------------------42
3. Linguist ---------------------------------------------------------------------------43
4. Biology ---------------------------------------------------------------------------43
5. Australian export ----------------------------------------------------------------43
6. Rice ------------------------------------------------------------------------------44
7. Sound speed and light speed -------------------------------------------------- 44
8.Innovation and invention -------------------------------------------------------- 44
9. Presentation skill ----------------------------------------------------------------45
10. Former civilization -------------------------------------------------------------45
11. Invention ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 45
12. Loggerhead turtle -------------------------------------------------------------46
13. Earthquake and fault ----------------------------------------------------------- 46
14. Patent ------------------------------------------------------------------------46
15. Port of London ----------------------------------------------------------------- 47
16. Immigration control ----------------------------------------------------------- 47
17. Attention span ----------------------------------------------------------------- 47
18. Questionnaire types ----------------------------------------------------------- 48
19. Silk road ------------------------------------------------------------------------48
20. Rural poverty -------------------------------------------------------------------48
21. BSI ------------------------------------------------------------------------------48
22. Lamarck & Epigenetic Rats ---------------------------------------------------49
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23. Practice ------------------------------------------------------------------------50
24. Thermodynamic 🔥 ------------------------------------------------------------50
ASQ： ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------51
⼆二、写作 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 54
SWT: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------54
1. Malaysia tourism 🔥 ------------------------------------------------------------55
2. Columbus 🔥 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 55
3. Overqualified employees 🔥 ---------------------------------------------------56
4. American English ----------------------------------------------------------------56
5. Vividness of TV and Newspaper ----------------------------------------------- 57
6. Skipping breakfast -------------------------------------------------------------- 57
7. Technology prediction ----------------------------------------------------------- 58
8. Beauty contest ------------------------------------------------------------------58
9. The Rosetta Stone -------------------------------------------------------------- 59
10. Aging world -------------------------------------------------------------------- 59
11. Nobel peace prize -------------------------------------------------------------- 60
12. Electric car ----------------------------------------------------------------------60
13.Pendulum clock ----------------------------------------------------------------- 61
14. Mini war 🔥 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 61
15. School liaison police NSW 🔥 ------------------------------------------------62
16. Conspicuous consumption ----------------------------------------------------62
17. Brand loyalty -------------------------------------------------------------------63
18. The city of London ------------------------------------------------------------63
19. Brain mechanism -------------------------------------------------------------- 64
20. Skipping breakfast （B） ----------------------------------------------------- 64
21. Greenland shark ----------------------------------------------------------------65
22. Frog amber 🔥 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 65
23. Parent’s born order ------------------------------------------------------------66
24. Children watching TV 🔥 ------------------------------------------------------66
25. World wide web ---------------------------------------------------------------67
26. Grass&Cow ---------------------------------------------------------------------67
27. Language teaching approaches ----------------------------------------------67
28. Early Adopters ----------------------------------------------------------------- 68
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29. Ecology and climatology ------------------------------------------------------69
30. Tax on meat -------------------------------------------------------------------- 69
31. Independent work -------------------------------------------------------------- 70
32. Ethics ---------------------------------------------------------------------------70
33. Positive mindset ---------------------------------------------------------------71
WE： ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 72
三、阅读 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 75
Reading MCS： ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 75
1. Pluto ------------------------------------------------------------------------------76
2. Graffiti ----------------------------------------------------------------------------76
3. Allusive ---------------------------------------------------------------------------76
4. Insurance -------------------------------------------------------------------------77
5. New material ---------------------------------------------------------------------77
6. Home education ----------------------------------------------------------------- 77
7. Voting machine ------------------------------------------------------------------77
8. Rocket ----------------------------------------------------------------------------78
9. Angkor ---------------------------------------------------------------------------78
Reading MCM: ------------------------------------------------------------------------79
1. Pigeons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------80
2. ANZAC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------80
3. 3D print ---------------------------------------------------------------------------80
4. Mount Everest -------------------------------------------------------------------81
5. Snow melt ------------------------------------------------------------------------81
6. Totalism -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 82
7. Introvert and Extrovert Manager ----------------------------------------------- 82
8. Electronic buses ----------------------------------------------------------------- 82
9. Status of women ----------------------------------------------------------------82
RO： ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 83
1. International Economics -------------------------------------------------------84
2. Railway profile ------------------------------------------------------------------84
3. EU fishing 🔥 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 84
4. Children's verbal skills ----------------------------------------------------------85
5. Game ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85
6. Mission -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85
7. Greener technologies ----------------------------------------------------------- 86
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8. New ventures -------------------------------------------------------------------- 86
9. Foreign aid ----------------------------------------------------------------------86
10. Mother of Storms -------------------------------------------------------------- 87
11. Science and technology -------------------------------------------------------87
12. Computer science -------------------------------------------------------------87
13. Speaking English ---------------------------------------------------------------88
14. The job of a manager ---------------------------------------------------------88
15. Copernicanism ----------------------------------------------------------------88
16. Reaction ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 89
17. Heart attack --------------------------------------------------------------------

89
18. Sleep ----------------------------------------------------------------------------89
19. Egyptian temple ----------------------------------------------------------------90
20. Bird-feeding -------------------------------------------------------------------- 90
21. Vegetarian ----------------------------------------------------------------------91
22. Pilot -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

91
23. Memory loss -------------------------------------------------------------------- 91
24. Solution of issue ---------------------------------------------------------------91
25. United nation conferences ---------------------------------------------------92
26. Glow worm ---------------------------------------------------------------------92
27. Dropout ------------------------------------------------------------------------92
28. Calf experiment ----------------------------------------------------------------93
29. World feeding ------------------------------------------------------------------93
30. Walmart ------------------------------------------------------------------------93
31. Art history ----------------------------------------------------------------------93
32. Common mistake -------------------------------------------------------------94
33. Language skills ----------------------------------------------------------------94
Reading FIB： -------------------------------------------------------------------------95
1. Transport problems -------------------------------------------------------------96
2. Warfare orality -------------------------------------------------------------------96
3. American people ----------------------------------------------------------------96
4. Australian women novelist ----------------------------------------------------- 96
5. Steven Pinker -------------------------------------------------------------------97
6. Cheating -------------------------------------------------------------------------97
7. Daniel Harris -------------------------------------------------------------------- 97
8. Reasoning essence -------------------------------------------------------------98
9. Radioactivity ---------------------------------------------------------------------98
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10. Well-being ----------------------------------------------------------------------98
11. Leading scientists -------------------------------------------------------------98
12. The writing on the wall -------------------------------------------------------- 99
13. Low fertility -------------------------------------------------------------------- 99
14. Treat students ------------------------------------------------------------------99
15. Microorganism -----------------------------------------------------------------

99
16. Kashmiri -----------------------------------------------------------------------100
17. Roman People ---------------------------------------------------------------- 100
18. Absenteeism ------------------------------------------------------------------100
19. Music ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100
20. Octopus -----------------------------------------------------------------------101
21. Pullman ------------------------------------------------------------------------101
22. McLuhan ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 101
23. Pewter ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 101
24. Canada gallery ---------------------------------------------------------------102
25. Kids Distinguish Commercial Ads ------------------------------------------- 102
26. Mini helicopter 🔥 -----------------------------------------------------------102
27. Economists and Ecologists --------------------------------------------------103
28. Shipwrecks 🔥 ---------------------------------------------------------------103
29. Dog emotion -----------------------------------------------------------------103
Reading FIB_RW ---------------------------------------------------------------------104
1. Linda Finch --------------------------------------------------------------------105
2. Water Security -----------------------------------------------------------------105
3. Nutrition scientist 🔥 ---------------------------------------------------------- 105
4. Chemistry 🔥 -------------------------------------------------------------------
106
5. Settlement ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 106
6. Bees -----------------------------------------------------------------------------107
7. Sales activities -----------------------------------------------------------------107
8. Hard work ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 108
9. Private school ------------------------------------------------------------------108
10. Politics disciplines ------------------------------------------------------------109
11. Opportunity cost --------------------------------------------------------------109
12. Emperor penguin ------------------------------------------------------------- 110
13. Seatbelt -----------------------------------------------------------------------110
14. Tutankhamun -----------------------------------------------------------------111
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15. Progressive enhancement --------------------------------------------------111
16. Honorary degree 🔥 ----------------------------------------------------------

112
17. Global leadership ------------------------------------------------------------- 112
18. Cardona salt mountain ------------------------------------------------------- 113
19. Ocean floor --------------------------------------------------------------------113
20. Romans -----------------------------------------------------------------------114
21. Farms ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 114
22. Australia Higher Education Funding ---------------------------------------- 114
23. Questionnaire -----------------------------------------------------------------115
24. Climate -----------------------------------------------------------------------116
25. Kiwi ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 116
26. Society and culture -----------------------------------------------------------117
27. Biological system ------------------------------------------------------------- 117
28. Fingerprint ---------------------------------------------------------------------117
29. Under-nutrition ---------------------------------------------------------------- 117
30. Cloth-making -----------------------------------------------------------------117
31. Granular material -------------------------------------------------------------

118
四、听⼒力力 -------------------------------------------------------------------119
SST: -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------119
1. Traveling&transport in Paris ---------------------------------------------------120
2. Global warming ---------------------------------------------------------------- 120
3. Citizenship development -----------------------------------------------------120
4. Endangered language ---------------------------------------------------------

121
5. Power devolution 🔥 ----------------------------------------------------------

121
6. Basic vocabulary ---------------------------------------------------------------121
7. Industrial revolution （B） ---------------------------------------------------- 122
8. Vitamin D -----------------------------------------------------------------------122
9. Roman building ---------------------------------------------------------------- 123
10. Orgnaisation study -----------------------------------------------------------123
11. Vitamin D (C) ------------------------------------------------------------------123
12. World’s globalization ---------------------------------------------------------124
13. Australian transportation -----------------------------------------------------124
14. Western Europe ---------------------------------------------------------------124
15. Digital information world -----------------------------------------------------125
16. Government tricks -----------------------------------------------------------125
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17. Human minds ---------------------------------------------------------------- 125
18. Telescope ---------------------------------------------------------------------125
19. Environmental law 🔥 --------------------------------------------------------126
20. Language acquisition --------------------------------------------------------126
21. The republic ------------------------------------------------------------------- 127
22. Experiment --------------------------------------------------------------------127
23. Architecture design -----------------------------------------------------------127
24. Semantic noise ---------------------------------------------------------------127
25. Wildlife as food ---------------------------------------------------------------128
26. Drug Advertisement 🔥 ------------------------------------------------------128
27. Description --------------------------------------------------------------------129
28. Instinct ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 129
29. Radio burst --------------------------------------------------------------------129
30. Intuition -----------------------------------------------------------------------130
31. Music and brain ---------------------------------------------------------------130
32. Laundry history ---------------------------------------------------------------130
33. Geography --------------------------------------------------------------------131
34. Marketing research -----------------------------------------------------------131
35. New Zealand ------------------------------------------------------------------131
36. Ocean ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 132
37. Urban technology ------------------------------------------------------------132
38. Ancient people ---------------------------------------------------------------- 132
39. Lawyers -----------------------------------------------------------------------132
40. Role of women ---------------------------------------------------------------- 133
41. Dress history 🔥 --------------------------------------------------------------133
42. Bilingualism 🔥 ---------------------------------------------------------------133
43. Argument construction ------------------------------------------------------- 134
44. Cognitive skill -----------------------------------------------------------------134
45. Curator ------------------------------------------------------------------------134
46. Poverty in China ------------------------------------------------------------- 134
47. Walking data ------------------------------------------------------------------134
48. Human memory ---------------------------------------------------------------135
49. Dogs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------135
50. Judgement 🔥 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 135
51. Shakespeare’s poem ---------------------------------------------------------135
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52. Globalization and IT 🔥 ------------------------------------------------------136
53. How to spend life ------------------------------------------------------------- 136
54. Facial recognition ------------------------------------------------------------136
55. Diet of Stone Age ------------------------------------------------------------- 136
Listening MCS: -----------------------------------------------------------------------137
1. New York -----------------------------------------------------------------------138
2. Dyslexia ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 138
3. Chromosome ------------------------------------------------------------------- 138
4. First-aid kit ---------------------------------------------------------------------138
5. Lunar eclipse ------------------------------------------------------------------- 139
6. Bibliography --------------------------------------------------------------------139
7. Population growth ------------------------------------------------------------- 139
8. Sarcasm ------------------------------------------------------------------------139
9. Dialogue ------------------------------------------------------------------------139
10. Shakespeare ------------------------------------------------------------------140
11. Pan coating ------------------------------------------------------------------- 140
Listening MCM: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 141
1. Fat ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 142
2. Animal surgery -----------------------------------------------------------------142
3. Vet training school ------------------------------------------------------------- 142
4. Positive psychology -----------------------------------------------------------142
5. Pregnant women ---------------------------------------------------------------143
6. Translating software -----------------------------------------------------------143
7. Mozzie --------------------------------------------------------------------------143
8. Course counseling ------------------------------------------------------------- 144
9. Expensive gift ------------------------------------------------------------------144
10. Meaningfulness ---------------------------------------------------------------144
11. Monkey experiment ---------------------------------------------------------- 144
Listening FIB： -----------------------------------------------------------------------145
1. Neo-Latin -----------------------------------------------------------------------146
2. Traffic jam -----------------------------------------------------------------------146
3. Integrated ticket ---------------------------------------------------------------- 146
4. William Shakespeare ---------------------------------------------------------- 146
5. Warmer ocean -----------------------------------------------------------------147
6. Water crisis 🔥 -----------------------------------------------------------------147
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7. CEO 🔥 ------------------------------------------------------------------------147
8. Laurence Stephen Lowry -----------------------------------------------------147
9. CPG -----------------------------------------------------------------------------148
10. Beautiful building ------------------------------------------------------------- 148
11. Rammer ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 148
12. Bar code ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 148
HCS: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 149
1. Animal classification -----------------------------------------------------------150
2. Extrovert and introvert ---------------------------------------------------------150
3. Autism --------------------------------------------------------------------------150
4. Global climate change ---------------------------------------------------------150
5. Passive education ------------------------------------------------------------- 150
6. UK universities -----------------------------------------------------------------150
7. Insomnia ------------------------------------------------------------------------151
8. Proofreading --------------------------------------------------------------------151
9. Criminal behavior --------------------------------------------------------------151
10. Hippocampus -----------------------------------------------------------------151
11. Lecture ------------------------------------------------------------------------151
12. Kidney Donation --------------------------------------------------------------152
13. Less water --------------------------------------------------------------------152
14. Timetable ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 152
SMW： ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 153
1. Project manager ---------------------------------------------------------------154
2. Democracy ---------------------------------------------------------------------154
3. Shopping experience ---------------------------------------------------------- 154
4. American neighborhood ------------------------------------------------------- 154
5. Country development ---------------------------------------------------------- 155
6. Stars ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 155
7. Eclipse --------------------------------------------------------------------------155
8. Lincoln --------------------------------------------------------------------------155
9. Evolution ------------------------------------------------------------------------155
10. Coach ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 156
11. Oil company ------------------------------------------------------------------156
HIW： ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------157
An article --------------------------------------------------------------------------158
WFD: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 159

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⼀一、⼝口语
RA
命中率 (Repeat Rate): 55%
备考策略: 发⾳技巧 (学习 PTE三分钟) > 本周预测 > 全部机经
Exam Strategy: Speaking skill（PTE three-minute） > Weekly prediction > All exam
questions
12/162
1. December sales
Weakness in electronics, auto and gas station sales dragged down overall retail sales
last month, but excluding those three categories, retailers enjoyed healthy increases
across the board, according to government figures released Wednesday. Moreover,
December sales numbers were also revised higher.
(猩际官⽹/APP RA#255)
2. Yellow
Yellow is considered as the most optimistic color. Yet surprisingly, people lose their
tempers more often in yellow rooms and babies cry more in them. The reason may be
that yellow is the hardest color for eyes to take in. So it can be overpowering if
overused.
3. Lenient parents 🔥
Two sisters were at a dinner party when the conversation turned to upbringing. The
elder sister started to say that her parents had been very strict and that she had been
rather frightened of them. Her sister, younger by two years, interrupted in
amazement. "What are you talking about?" she said. "Our parents were very lenient."
4. Orientalists 🔥
Orientalists, like many other nineteenth-century thinkers, conceive of humanity either
in large collective terms or in abstract generalities. Orientalists are neither interested
in nor capable of discussing individuals; instead, artificial entities predominate.
Similarly, the age-old distinction between "Europe" and "Asia" or "Occident" and
"Orient" herds beneath very wide labels every possible variety of human plurality,
reducing it in the process to one or two terminal collective realities.
5. Blue (B) 🔥
Blue is the most popular color. Food researchers disagree when humans searched for
food, they learned to avoid toxic or spoiled objects, which were often blue, black, or
purple. When food dyed blue is served to study subjects, they lose their appetite.
6. Nutritional bankrupt
Globalization has affected what we eat in ways. We are only beginning to understand.
More and more food production no longer related to our biological needs, but is
indirectly conflict with them. The relationship between diet and our fertility, our
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cancer, heart diseases and mental illness is becoming clear, yet much of our food is
nutritionally bankrupt.
7. Pluto
Pluto lost its official status as a planet yesterday, when the International Astronomical
Union downsized the solar system from nine to eight planets. Although there had
been a passionate debate at the IAU General Assembly Meeting in Prague about the
definition of a planet - and whether Pluto met the specifications - the audience
greeted the decision to exclude it with applause.
8. Educational demand
Public demand for education has remained strong, reflecting the importance of
education as a means of social progress. Aware of the social value of education to the
world of the work, the government continues to innovate and update the education
system in order to produce a qualified and competent work force.
9. Beauty contest
Beauty contests, whether it's Miss Universe or Miss Teen International, are
demeaning to women and out of sync with the times. Opponents say that they are
nothing more than symbols of decline. Since Australians Jennifer Hawkins and
Lauryn Eagle were crowned Miss Universe and Miss Teen International respectively,
there has been a dramatic increase in interest in beauty pageants in this country.
10. Herbivore
What we found is that the plant is actually damaged by herbivores(⾷草动物) like
most plants are in nature. And in response to that it secretes sugar from the wound
edges where the herbivores have damaged the plant. Tobias Lortzing is a graduate
student at Freie University Berlin and one of the study authors.
11. Body composition
Your body's composed of trillions of cells - lots of different types of cells that make
up different organs and other parts of your body. Your body is also where 10 times
that number of bacteria call 'home sweet home.' But don't be afraid - these bacteria do
more good than harm to you. And besides, just in case you wanted to strike up a
conversation with your tenants, you and your bacteria do have a few things in
common.
12. Companies
Companies will want to be known not just for the financial results they generate, but
equally for the imprint they leave on society as a whole. First, ensuring that their
14/162
products contribute positively. Second, operating in a way that approaches a "net-
neutral" impact to the natural environment. And third, cherishing their people.
13. Augustus
Augustus was given the powers of an absolute monarch, but he presented himself as
the preserver of republican traditions. He treated the Senate, or state council, with
great respect, and was made Consul year after year. He successfully reduced the
political power of the army by retiring many soldiers, but giving them land or money
to keep their loyalty.
14. Statistical information
The provision of accurate and authoritative statistical information strengthens modern
societies. It provides a basis for decisions to be made on such things as where to open
schools and hospitals, how much money to spend on welfare payments and even
which football players to replace at half-time.
15. Recycling
When we recycle, used materials are converted into new products, reducing the need
to consume natural resources. If used materials are not recycled, new products are
made by extracting fresh, raw material from the Earth, through mining and forestry.
Recycling helps conserve important raw materials and protects natural habits for the
future.
16. Shrimp farm

Shrimp farmers used to hold animals in nursery ponds for 30 to 60 days; now they try
to move them into grow-out ponds in less than 30 days. This reduces stress on the
animals and dramatically increases survivals in the grow-out ponds. Many farms that
abandoned nursery ponds have gone back to them, and the results have been
surprisingly positive. They're using the old, uncovered, earthen, nursery ponds.
17. Fast food🔥

Hundreds of millions of American people eat fast food every day without giving it
too much thought, unaware of the subtle and not so subtle ramifications of their
purchases. They just grab their tray off the counter, find a table, take a seat, unwrap
the paper, and dig in. The whole experience is transitory and soon forgotten.
18. Business school admission
Business school admissions officers said the new drive to attract younger students
was in part the result of a realization that they had inadvertently(不经意地) limited
15/162
their applicant pool by requiring several years' work experience. Talented students
who might otherwise have gone to business school instead opted for a law or policy
degree because they were intimidated by the expectation of work experience.
19. Hazard assessment
A Hazard Assessment should be performed for work involving distillations(蒸馏) of
organic liquids and should thoroughly address issues relating to residual water and
possible decomposition of the solvent in question, as well as the physical placement
of the distillation apparatus and heating equipment to be employed.
20. Divorce
Researchers have found that divorce has different kinds of negative impacts on the
planet, including higher demand for resources and a lower rate of efficiency / in the
use of household resources. People have been talking about how to protect the
environment and combat climate change, but divorce is an overlooked factor that
needs to be considered.
21. Flattened world
The beginning of the twenty-first century will be remembered, not for military
conflicts or political events, but for a whole new age of globalization - a 'flattening' of
the world. The explosion of advanced technologies now means that suddenly
knowledge pools and resources have connected all over the planet, leveling the
playing field as never before.
22. Botswana’s AIDS

Although Botswana's economic outlook remains strong, the devastation that AIDS
has caused threatens to destroy the country's future. In 2001, Botswana had the
highest rate of HIV infection in the world. With the help of international donors it
launched an ambitious national campaign that provided free antiviral drugs to anyone
who needed them, and by March 2004, Botswana's infection rate had dropped
significantly.
23. Tea ceremony

The Japanese tea ceremony is a tour influenced by Buddhism in which green tea is
prepared and served to a small group of guests in a peaceful setting. The ceremony
can take as long as four hours and there are many traditional gestures that both the
server and the guest must perform.
16/162
24. Only family🔥

Imagine living all your life as the only family on your street. Then, one morning, you
open the front door and discover houses all around you. You see neighbors tending
their gardens and children walking to school. Where did all the people come from?
What if the answer turned out to be that they had always been there—you just hadn' t
seen them?
25. Tesla&Edison
Tesla actually worked for Edison early in his career. Edison offered to pay him the
modern equivalent of a million dollars to fix the problems he was having with his DC
generators and motors. Tesla fixed Edison's machines and when he asked for the
money he was promised, Edison laughed him off and had this to say, Tesla, you don't
understand our American humor.
26. Industrial revolution 🔥

As to the Industrial Revolution, one cannot dispute today the fact that it has
succeeded in inaugurating in a number of countries a level of mass prosperity which
was undreamt of in the days preceding the Industrial Revolution. But, on the
immediate impact of the Industrial Revolution, there were substantial divergences
among writers.
27. Internal combustion engine

Internal combustion engine, enabling the driver to decide which source of power is
appropriate for the travel requirements of given journey. Major US auto
manufacturers are now developing feasible hybrid electric vehicles, and some are
exploring fuel-cell technology for their electric cars.
28. Lincoln
Lincoln's apparently radical change of mind about his war power to emancipate
slaves was caused by the escalating scope of war, which convinced him that any
measure to weaken the Confederacy and strengthen the Union war effort was
justifiable as a military necessity.
29. Electric car 🔥
First-year university students have designed and built a groundbreaking electric car
that recharges itself. Fifty students from the University of Sydney's Faculty of
Engineering spent five months cobbling together bits of plywood, foam and fiberglass
17/162
to build the ManGo concept car. They developed the specifications and hand built the
car. It's a pretty radical design: a four-wheel drive with a motor in each wheel.
30. Semiconductor industry
The semiconductor industry has been able to improve the performance of electric
systems for more than four decades by making ever-smaller devices. However, this
approach will soon encounter both scientific and technical limits, which is why the
industry is exploring a number of alternative device technologies.
31. Population growth

How quickly is the world's population growing? In the United States and other
developed countries, the current growth rate is very low. In most developing
countries, the human population is growing at a rate of 3 percent per second. Because
of this bustling growth rate, the human population is well on its way to reaching 9
billion within lifetime.
18/162
RS:
备考策略: 流利作答技巧 (校长 2-5-8 法则) > 本周预测 > 全部机经
Exam Strategy: Speaking skills (fluency and pronunciation is more important than
content) > Weekly prediction > All exam questions
19/162
1. That country's economy is primarily based on tourism. #636
2. Many undergraduate students go back home to stay with their parents after
graduation. #788
3. The professor is going to discuss the conflict. #791
4. His objection to include scientific evidence has brought a lot of controversy to
him. #795
5. This lecture was meant to start at 10. #574
6. She told the faculty to be very supportive. #796
7. Native discourse continues to be predominant in discussion of gender. #806
8. All source of materials must be included in your bibliography. #807
9. There are a range of housing options near the university. #810
10. Our school of arts and technology accepts applications at all points throughout
the year. #811
11. The current statistical evidence indicates the need of further research. #773
12. There is considerably less supervision at university. #819
13. This is a prestigious program for our university. #822
14. Students are competing for every place in the computer courses. #824
15. I didn’t agree with the author’s argument, but his presentation is good. #825
16. The cafeteria closes soon but the snack machine are accessible throughout the
night. #826
17. The wheelchair lift has been upgraded this month. #793
18. Being a vegan means not consuming any animal meat. #827
19. We would like a first draft of the assignment by Monday. #666
20. A demonstrated ability to write clear, correct and concise English is bigotry（盲
⽬偏执）.#444
21. We didn't mean to ask him to do it because he cannot manage it. #828
22. Make sure the financial director knows the full details of the pay agreement.
#834
23. Expertise in particular areas distinguishes you from other graduates. #842
24. We need to make sure the school principal know about the changes. #845
25. We want to attract the very best students regardless of their financial
circumstances. #848
26. The genetic biology technology lab is located at the North Wing of the library.
#850
27. The older equipment has been put at the back of the building. #853
28. The program depends entirely on private funding. #434
29. Exam results will be available next week on the course website. #856
30. Hypothetically, insufficient mastery in the areas slows future progress. #616
31. Care needs to be taken for vulnerable groups during the periods of turmoil. #859
20/162
32. Research has found that there is no correlation between diet and intelligence.
#617
33. The US ranks twenty-second in foreign aid, given it as a percentage of GDP.
#647
34. If she doesn't speak the language, she's not going to sit around a week for a
translator. #433
35. This hypothesis on black hole is rendered moot as the explanation of the
explosion. #103
36. The office opens on Mondays and Thursdays directly following the freshman
seminar. #785
37. Since the problems we face are global, we need to find the relative solutions.
#860
38. Students should book a library tour on the first week of the first semester. #864
39. Diagnosis is not a single event, but an evolving process. #879
40. Please sort and order the slides of the presentation according to topic and speech
time. #614
41. Please prepare a PowerPoint presentation for tomorrow’s meeting. #867
42. We didn't have any noticeable variance between the two or three tasks. #354
43. The timetable will be posted on the website before the class start. #868
44. It’s within that framework that we’re making our survey. #870
45. Expertise in particular areas distinguishes you from other graduates in a job
interview. #842
46. Elephant is the largest land living mammal. #731
47. Those reference books are too old, while the others are OK. #728
48. It is interesting to observe the development of the language skills of toddlers.
#866
49. Politicians can make better decisions if they listen to the public opinion.#601
50. You can pay using cash or a credit card. #353🔥
51. We are delighted to have professor Robert to join our faculty. #584 🔥
52. Once more under the pressure of economic necessity, practice outstripped theory.
#615 🔥  
21/162
DI:
备考策略: 模板熟练使⽤ > 练习本周预测 > 浏览全部机经
Exam Strategy: Fluent with templates> Weekly prediction > All exam questions
22/162
1. UK media
(猩际官⽹/APP DI #317)
2. Chiang Mai Weather
23/162
3. Beijing weather
4. Switzerland Language
24/162
5. London Fleet Street
6. Solar yard light
25/162
7. BMI
8. Economic inactivity
26/162
9. Pencil length
10. Food pyramid
27/162
11. Sleep hours 🔥
12. Food&oil price
28/162
13. Most livable states
14. Forest Annual Change
29/162
15. Rhino distribution
16. Frog life cycle
30/162
17. Temperature and Precipitation
18. Egypt Trading
31/162
19. 100% Health 🔥
20. Tree Ring and Saw 🔥
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21. Sunrise & Sunset
22. Sprouting
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23. Population&Consumption
24. Luxembourg age group
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25. Electricity generation
26. Air temperature
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27. Laboratory plan
28. Hight of tree
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29. Landuse of India
30. Length of fish
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31. Apple life cycle 🔥
32. Palm oil production
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33. Gariep basin
34. Green bin program
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35. Water Distribution
36. Income of bachelor 🔥
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RL:
备考策略: 模版熟练使⽤ > 本周预测 > 全部机经
Exam Strategy: Fluent with templates > Weekly prediction > All Exam Qs
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1. Implicit&Explicit memory 🔥
原⽂：I want you to try and remember two things. First, I want you to try and
remember learning how to ride a bike. Maybe you have a scar you received when you
flipped over the handlebars. The next thing I want you to remember is how to ride a
bike. The reason I asked you to recall both of these memories is that they belong to
two different designated realms of memory. Memory is a fluid and dynamic system
that is exceedingly complicated. To this end, psychologists have attempted to divide
memory up to make it easier to study. There are two main categories. Explicit
memory is a memory that can be intentionally and consciously recalled. This is your
memory of riding a bike and falling over the handlebars, and skinning your knee. The
other is implicit memory which is an exponential functional form of memory your
memory of how to ride a bike or how to balance. These are often not tied to a visual
memory, but a more like muscle memory. The examples of implicit memory include
using language naturally, driving and reading, and answering multiple questions in
the test, etc., will be natural. Let's look at explicit and implicit memory in a little
more detail, and see how age influences these. It is an experimental or functional
form of memory. Explicit memory consists of a great deal of highly personal
memories related to time, space and people. It is totally different from implicit
memory. Now, if we look at the examples of explicit memory, it includes
remembering people's birthdays and answering multiple questions on the test.
(猩际官⽹/APP RL #160)
2. Food quantification 🔥
原⽂：I'm a dietitian and I work in clinical weight-loss recently. Accurately
estimating portion size is critical in research or real-world settings. For example, if
you're trying to watch your weight and you're out to dinner and you're presented with
a bowl of food, there's no really good way to actually estimate how much you're
eating unless you're gonna whip some scales out of your bag. So we wanted to find a
more objective way for people to quantify what they're eating when they're out and
about. I came up with a more hands-on approach. We got people to measure the
dimensions of the food using the width of their fingers and remembering back to
primary school maths. We use the geometric volume formulas to estimate the weight
of the food. To show you how this works, I've ordered a piece of lasagna. And that's
my box, a glass of wine and that's my cylinder. And I'm feeling pretty healthy, so I
order some watermelon for dessert. And that's my wedge. So this was I know it's
seven by five, by four fingers. In the future, I see this method be incorporated into
smartphone applications. So you put your finger, it's in along with your height and
your weight. And the app will do all of the calculations for you. And then you've got
a more accurate way to estimate the portion size.
.
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3. Linguist
原⽂：But when we move into working with communities, we have to recognize that
the communities have to be the authority in their language. Actually a woman in the
class I'm teaching at Sydney at the moment, a career woman, expressed this very
nicely, although she was talking about something else, she was distinguishing
expertise from authority. And certainly linguists because of our training we do have
expertise in certain very narrow areas of language, but we don't have the authority
over what to do with that knowledge or what to do with other knowledge that the
community produces. I guess for me the bottom line is languages are lost because of
the dominance of one people over another. That's not rocket science, it's not hard to
work that out. But then what that means is if in working with language revival we
continue to hold the authority, we actually haven't done anything towards undoing
how languages are lost in the first place, so in a sense the languages are still lost if the
authority is still lost.
4. Biology
原⽂：Welcome to your very first tutorial in biology. Now, in this video series what I
want to do is I want to talk to you guys about many different topics concerning
biology. For example, I want to talk to you guys about DNA and genetics in cells, in
bacteria, in life and a whole bunch of interesting stuff. But since this is the very first
video, I think what we should do in this video is just stick with the very basics. And
the first thing I want to do is talk to you guys about what is biology. So, let's go ahead
and answer that question. And the definition of biology is this: the study of life in
living organisms. All right, that makes sense up to a certain point up until organisms
because you may have heard of organisms before. And you may have your own
definition but the scientific definition of an organism is a living thing. Well, that's
easy. We know what living things are. I'm a living thing, plants, grass is a living
thing. My puppy(⼩狗) named old Dan, cutest puppy ever, by the way, is a living
thing but whenever we talk about living things. Believe it or not, things get rid of
complicated because then you have to ask yourself 'what is life'. Well, of course, if
you ask your grandma or your best friend or even if you ask a philosopher 'what is
life', everyone is going to give you kind of a different definition of their outlook on
life. However, whenever scientist and biologists were first deciding, you know what,
what is life? That's the problem that they had everyone had their own separate
definition of life itself. So, what they need to do before biology was even invented,
which is, of course, the study of life is scientists needed to agree on the definition of
life.
5. Australian export
要点：The lecture talks about Australia’s export business towards China, japan, US.
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In the past, Australia was concerned about its geographical location, which
may result in Australia being isolated from North America, UK, and later America.
Nevertheless, nowadays with the rise of Asian countries, especially China,

Australia has become a great export country with a perfect location.
Currently, Japan is the largest exporting country to Australia, but China may
become the largest one in the future. Australia should take the advantage of China’s
rise to develop its exports.
6. Rice
原⽂：In 1943, what became known as the Green Revolution began when Mexico,
unable to feed its growing population, shouted for help. Within a few years, the Ford
and Rockefeller Foundations founded the International Rice Research Institute in
Asia, and by 1962, a new strain of rice called IR8 was feeding people all over the
world. IR8 was the first really big modified crop to make a real impact on world
hunger. In 1962 the technology did not yet exist to directly manipulate the genes of
plants, and so IR8 was created by carefully crossing existing varieties: selecting the
best from each generation, further modifying them, and finally finding the best. Here
is the power of modified crops: IR8, with no fertilizer, straight out of the box,
produced five times the yield of traditional rice varieties. In optimal conditions with
nitrogen, it produced ten times the yield of traditional varieties. By 1980, IR36
resisted pests and grew fast enough to allow two crops a year instead of just one,
doubling the yield. And by 1990, using more advanced genetic manipulation
techniques, IR72 was outperforming even IR36. The Green Revolution saw
worldwide crop yields explode from 1960 through 2000.
7. Sound speed and light speed

要点：有⼀张PPT，上⾯有⽂字: Wave Propagation The speed of sound (in 20°C)=
343 m/s The speed of light (in vacuum) = 3 × 108 m/s ⽼师先读了⼀遍ppt，然后举
例⼦:为什么先看到闪电才听到雷声?因为光速⽐声⾳传播速度快。为什么在体
育馆看球赛，球进了以后明明看到对⾯观众站起来了，却过⼀会才听到对⾯的
欢呼声?也是因为光速远远⼤于声⾳速度。
8.Innovation and invention

原⽂：He says innovation equals invention. Let me just stop here. Innovation equals
invention often people mistake these two things for the same thing. Innovation equals
invention, they are not. Innovation is something that generates value for the world. It
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makes something faster, better, cheaper. It gives someone some great satisfaction. An
invention is an idea, a technology, a patent. In and of itself, it does not generate value.
So these two are not the same thing. And sometimes you see them interchange. And
that's not correct. So innovation equals invention times commercialization. So and
when we look at this equation of innovation something of value, it requires a new
idea and then it requires someone or some organization that is going to
commercialize that idea, and to make it a value to the world.
9. Presentation skill
要点：视频题，中年男教授语速适中，逻辑清晰。
If people feel nervous and speak quickly, audience would not understand
what you said.
Another part is about how to overcome it.
Don't give too much information, just only mention 3 points in 15 minutes.
10. Former civilization

原⽂：The first thing I want to argue is that the former civilization is running into
pretty profound crisis in its relationships to the rest of nature, which we do and what
we have depended on for survival and for flourishing. And this is the most widely and
well-recognized in relation to climate change, CO2 emissions, greenhouse gas
emissions. But I want to argue the certain dangers in the way that has been presented
as the central question that we have to address. Because ifs interlocked with a number
of other crises that is most noticeably as the crisis in access to fresh water, crisis in
access to food, biodiversity loss on a huge scale, and associated problems of human
in equality not just in a common world, but actually in the kinds of environmental
resources, and pleasures that I can enjoy. So all those together, have to be looked at
an interconnected set of really deep profound crisis.
11. Invention
原⽂：All of my research and that I conducted was my 60plus graduate students, was
motivated by their need to learn, so that we can teach. Of course, in some inventions
happened along the way but I've always considered the end the result. And I always
consider that this invention to be byproduct, byproducts of the learning process. The
end product for me was always better understanding or when one really succeeded in
unifying theory that can help us in teaching the subject. I've also looked at teaching as
a vehicle to try new ideas, of new ways to doing things on an intelligent group of
learners. That is as the vehicle for the teaching research results. And in my
experience, this kind of teaching is the most stimulated and motivating to students. I
am also uncovered many interesting research problems is the cause of teaching
assumption. It is this unity of research and teaching their close connection and the
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benefits gathered by exercising and the interplay that to me recognized the successful
professor.
12. Loggerhead turtle

原⽂：The lecture talks about loggerhead turtle, one of the largest turtles in the
world, and almost distinct in the USA.
They have big heads and short necks.
In September，1986，scientists put a tracker on a turtle’s shell, and use
satellites to track and locate the migration route of the turtle.
They reach different localities in different time. 
The migration takes three months, from the south Florida to the north.
13. Earthquake and fault

原⽂：Today, we will discuss the relationship between the fault lines in the Earth's
crust and an earthquake. This dislocation of the rock occurs from the Earth's surface,
seven kilometers to several hundred kilometers vertically down to the crust. The
earthquake's focus is called epicenter which is vertically beneath the interior of the
Earth's crust and the energy releases and transfers through epicenter. The faults are
the fracture on the Earth's crust. The position of the epicenters can be identified by
the faults' maps, looking down from the center of the Earth. It will result in seismic
wave which is decreased as it moved away from the epicenter.
14. Patent
原⽂：(视频题)We’re thinking about this and we’re trying to say, alright well, let’s
file a patent on this clicker. If I were to go to the patent office and say, alright, I want
a patent on a clicker, period. The patent office would just laugh. The clickers have
been around for a while. Presentation clickers have been around for a while, and so
there would be a 0% chance that you would actually get that. If we were to,
somehow, to convince the patent office that we should be able to get a patent on a
clicker, period, it would however be incredibly valuable. Every single clicker that was
made after this point would infringe and when it infringes maybe we take one or two
dollars each. That would add up to be a decent amount of money. On the other end of
the spectrum, let’s go to the million word version. I got to the patent office and I say,
I want a patent on this exact thing. And those million words describe every single
radius, material, every single thing about this. And the patent office says, yeah, we’ve
never seen that before, go ahead and take it. Almost 100% chance of getting that
patent, but the value of that patent would be close to zero.
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15. Port of London
原⽂：But what we are going to discuss today is how the port of London was
discovered and what we discovered about it. Now if you look at the historical records
of Roman London, there is only about 14 actual references to London in antiquity I
contemporary references. And all those only one is in the first century, there are none
at all at the second or third century. There is only one in the late third century and
there is four in the fourth century. So if you are a historian trying to write the history
of Rome in London, it's really difficult. You don't have much data, you're going to
depend on the archaeological evidence, the material evidence of the port and indeed
the town to have any understanding of what happened then. And so, what we're
looking at here is how did we discover about the port of London, there is no historical
documentations, no customs books, no terrorists, no idea of the taxes. We have to
understand the port entirely from the archaeological evidence. So that's what we are
going to do today. So, if we move on to the next slide, I love lifestreaming. Thank
you very much.
16. Immigration control

原⽂：Now the economists’ calculated, it’s a back of the envelope calculation, that
removing all immigration controls would double the size of the world economy, and
even a small relaxation of immigration controls would lead to disproportionally big
gains. Now for an ethical point of view, it’s hard to argue against a policy that will do
so much to help people that are much poorer than ourselves. The famous Rand Study
reckons that a typical immigrant who arrives in US ends up with $20,000 a year,
that’s rough. It’s not just the migrants themselves who gain, it’s the countries they
come from. Already, the migrants working for poor countries working in rich
countries send home around 200 billion dollars a year, through formal channels, and
about twice as that through informal channels. And that compares to the neat a
hundred million dollars that Western governments give in aid. These remittances are
not wasted on weapons or siphoned off into Swiss bank accounts; they go straight
into the pockets of local people. They pay for food, clean water, and medicines, they
help kids in school, they help start up new business. Sample answer: Removing
immigration control would double the world economy. This policy will do so much to
help poor people. Immigrants ends up with 20000 a year from gain and countries they
come from. They send home around 200 billion dollars a year through formal
channels which are twice as that through informal channels. These remittances can
help local people for living straightly.
17. Attention span

要点：10 years ago, before the use of iPhone or iPad, people’s attention interval is
about 25 minutes. This number is good. However, nowadays the attention interval has
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dropped from 25min to only 8 seconds, which means our memories are shorter than
that of a goldfish.
18. Questionnaire types

原⽂：What live decided to provide is the steps that I take when analyzing my own
questionnaires. However, before I begin, it would be useful to remind you of a few
terms we use when talking about questionnaires. Questions can be divided into three
types. This is sometimes called level measurement. Firstly, we have category type
questions, which are also known as nominal questions. These are when participants
select from a list of categories for their response, such as male or female or they may
include ethnic origin. Secondly, we have ordinal type questions. These are similar to
category questions. But instead of the categories being independent, there is some
sort of order between them. If we ask people to indicate their age in categories. This
is an ordinal type question. Thirdly, we have continuous questions. These are any
questions that can be answered by a number. It could be an open-ended question
asking participants to tell you how many times they attended lectures or how often
they used a VLE. Or it could involve asking them to rate the importance of intensity
of some experience.
19. Silk road
要点：The silk road is not like what we thought it would be.
People traveled in groups to other countries through the silk road, exchanged
things, and then came back.
There were also some side groups who went to other countries such as India,
which was called the ‘Amber Route’.
At that time, there was also gift changing happened on the silk road.
20. Rural poverty
要点：表格题，列出了India, Vietnam和Zimbabwe三个国家的乡村和城市⼈⼜。
The topic is the poverty in rural and urban areas.
Firstly, the poverty rates in rural areas are much higher than those in urban areas,
because most of the poor live in rural areas.
Rural areas also have high infant mortality rate and low education level.
It is important to make sure the population in rural areas have access to sanitation and
education.
The poverty in urban areas is caused by the migration from rural areas.
21. BSI
原⽂：With over 40 years unrivaled experience and a worldwide reputation, BSI
leads the way in testing and certification of fire safety products. Based on our
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dedicated labs in Hemel Hempstead, our team provides BSI height mark and Cee
testing and certification for a broad range of products, including fire extinguishers,
hoses, alarm panels, and heat and smoke detectors. We help clients to gain access into
the European market by ensuring that products meet all the CE mark requirements.
And we are familiar with the market access regulations of most countries across the
world, enabling customers to enter markets globally. The BSI height market is
categorized as a British super brand and acknowledged the world over as a symbol of
trust, integrity, and quality. It provides the reassurance that vital product safety and
performance requirements have been met. Our team subject each product to a
rigorous set of tests along with robust production control audits designed specifically
to ensure that they perform two required standards of safety and quality. We test for
compatibility of fire detection and fire alarm system components to ensure that
they're compatible and connectable. This service meets the growing requirement of
European regulatory authorities to meet national installation guidelines. We also
perform tests on individual detection components. Fire suppression products such as
fire extinguishers are subjected to rigorous tests designed to ensure that they're
effective, safe and capable of performing in environments and conditions in which
they're stored and used. The symbols for BSI kite mark and C certification represent
quality, safety, and trust. For specifiers, they demonstrate a commitment to best
practice procurement. And for the public, they provide the reassurance that fire safety
products are effective and reliable.
22. Lamarck & Epigenetic Rats
原⽂：So the way a mother rat takes care of its pups is by licking and grooming,
nipple switching an arch back nursing. So the rats that do a lot of licking and
grooming and their last rats that rule very little. But most rats are in between. So that
resembles a human human behavious as well, right, you have mothers that are highly
mothering and mothers that couldn't care less and most mothers are somewhere in
between. So if you look at these rats. So all you do you observe them and put them in
separate cages. So you put the high lickers in one cage not the mothers, but the
offspring and the low lickers in another cage and then you let them grow and they're
adults now, their mothers are long buried and you look in the brain and you see that
those who had high licking mothers express a lot of glucocorticoid receptor, gene and
though so our lawmakers express know that reflects a number of factors and that
results in a different stress response, but this is not the only difference. We found later
on there are hundreds of genes that are differently expressed. So if you get in a
mutation, you know polymorphism once in a million. Here, just the motherly
lauching just hundreds of genes in one shot and it changes them in a very stable way
that you can look at the old rat and you can say whether it was licked or not. But you
can also save by behavior. So if you walk to the cages to the room the rats that were
poorly lit are highly anxious, hard to handle, aggressive, and , and the rats that were
very well handled as as off as little pups. They are much more relaxed much easier to
handle. So you know, like every technician in the lab knows looking at the adult rat
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how it was licked when it was a little tough any question , of course, mechanism ,
how does this work?
23. Practice
要点：图⽚题，⼀个⼩⼥孩拉提琴（或是吹奏管乐）。
主要说practice和performance的关系，practice可以让⼈变得professional和
excellent。
即使是专业⼈⼠也需要联系10000⼩时达到international level。 deliberate
practice不仅需要时间也需要在过程中找到问题和错误加以解决。以数学中的
geometry学习为例来证明deliberate practice的重要性。
24. Thermodynamic 🔥
原⽂：Thermodynamics is simply defined as the branch of physics that deals with
the conversion of different forms of energy, and the relations between heat and
various energy forms such as mechanical, electrical or chemical energy. Kinetics
deals with the actions of forces that cause various motions (also known as dynamics)
and it is concerned with the rate of reactions. Temperature is the average kinetic
energy within a given object. Thermal energy is defined as the total of all kinetic
energies within a given system. It is important to remember that heat is caused by
flow of thermal energy due to differences in temperature (heat flows from object at
higher temperature to object at lower temperature), transferred through conduction/
convection/radiation. Additionally thermal energy always flows from warmer areas to
cooler areas. Energy occurs in many forms, including chemical energy, thermal
energy, electromagnetic radiation, gravitational energy, electric energy, elastic energy,
nuclear energy, and rest energy. These can be categorized in two main classes:
potential energy and kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is the movement energy of an
object. Kinetic energy can be transferred between objects and transformed into other
kinds of energy. Kinetic energy may be best understood by examples that demonstrate
how it is transformed to and from other forms of energy. For example, a cyclist uses
chemical energy provided by food to accelerate a bicycle to a chosen speed. On a
level surface, this speed can be maintained without further work, except to overcome
air resistance and friction. The chemical energy has been converted into kinetic
energy, the energy of motion, but the process is not completely efficient and produces
heat within the cyclist. Sample answer: Thermodynamics is simply defined as the
branch of physics that deals with the conversion of different forms of energy. Kinetics
deals with the actions of forces that cause various motions (also known as dynamics).
Thermal energy is defined as the total of all kinetic energies within a given system.
Kinetic energy may be best understood by examples that demonstrate how it is
transformed to and from other forms of energy.
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ASQ：
备考策略: 浏览全部机经 > 练习本周预测
Exam Strategy: Read through all Exam Qs > Weekly prediction
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1. How do you describe a situation is precarious? #475 Dangerous/Hazardous
2. When you react to a stimulus, is your response quick or slow? #476 Quick
3. Where is the crossword normally seen? #387 Newspaper
4. What are the strings on shoes? #460 Shoelace/Shoelaces
5. If you want to read tragedies or comedies, what kind of book do you read? #477
Fiction books/Novels
6.How do you describe the type of magazine that is published four times a year?
#289 Quarterly
7. If you invented something, what can you apply for to prevent others copying your
invention? #434 Patent
8. What natural resource is used by a carpenter? #435 Wood
9. In the word ‘postgraduate’, what does the ‘post’ mean? #436 After
10. What is the fluid that pumped from the organ related to cardiology? #399 Blood
11. What type of shape has four corners, four lines that are equal in length? #384
Square
12. What do we call the large instrument with 88 keys covered by color white and
black? #322 Piano
13. If you want to buy a ring, who do you approach, a jeweler or a pharmacist? #337
Jeweler 🔥
14. What dose green being help for? #442 Environmen
15.What do we call the prize that sponsored by Sweden which sets many prize in liter
al and physics field? #443 The Nobel Prize
16.Which day is between Tuesday and Thursday? #444 Wednesday
17.Which one needs the most complicated mechanism: car, ship or air plane? #445
Air plane
18.What do the following belong to: roses, daisies, tulip, etc? #446 Flower
19. What stage is a ten year old child in? #659 Teenage
20. What kind of liquid do mammals feed their babies? #279 Milk
21. What is the wet place does crocodile prefer to live in? #430 Swamp
22. What does human and animal skeleton consist of? #660 Bones
23. When we go hiking in the mountains, what do we use to protect our feet? #661
Hiking shoes
24. What is the hard object in the center of peaches, apples and pears? #662 Core
25. What is the hardest part of your hand? #663 Nail
26. How do you describe the money that citizens must contribute to the government
for public use? #646 Tax
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27. Which one would a vegetarian most likely to eat, sandwiches or fruit salad?
#648 Fruit salad
28. How many extra days are there in February in a leap year? #630
One
29. Which symbol is used to complete a sentence? #261 Full stop/period
30. If a car is not stopping, what it is doing? #453 Running
31.Does a scapegoat receive or give a crime? #455 Receive
32.What is more fuel-efficient, car or truck? #297 Car

33.What clothes are used to hike mountains and are used to keep dry? #459
Outdoor jacket🔥
34.What device can be used to take photos? #461 Camera
35.Which one is more widespread, Korean, Thai or Hindi? #464 Hindi
36.How do we call that animals and plants preserved in the rocks? #469 Fossil
37.What is the document you submit before you submit your assignment at
university? #470 Proposal
38.What do you call the computer you can carry with you? #471 Laptop
39.In solar system, which planet can support life? #472 Earth
40. Where do you hang your coat, in a closet or in a drawer? #473 Closet
41. Where do you go to send mails, a post office or a coffee house? #634Post office
42. What is the force happened between the relative motion when objects are rubbed
against each other? #620 🔥 Friction
43. What do you use to test the body temperature? #474 🔥 Thermometer
44. One and half represents what percentage? #656 150%
45. Which one is not for transportation, car or machine? #480 Machine
46. How many wheels does a bicycle have? #481 Two
47. What do we call the northernmost and southernmost parts of the earth? #482 Pole
48. What is the music that is recorded for a movie or a film? #483 Soundtrac
49. What is the opposite to “predecessor”? #335 Successor
50. Who is a physician who performs surgical operations?#437 Surgeon
51. What material is the tire made of? #456 🔥 Rubber
52. What’s the color of the medal that a champion gets? #32 🔥 Golden
53. What do we call a festival which is held every four years gathering people
together as a sporting event? 🔥 #396 The Olympic Games
54. What is the word for the place where a river starts? 🔥 #1 Source
55. What are the two holes in your nose to breathe? #484 Nostrils
56. What do birds use to fly?. #485 Wings
57. What material are windows made of? #486 Glass
58. Where do people go for watching sports or games? #487 Stadium
59. Which one is the odd one out among dog, cat, horse and shoes? #488 Shoes
60. If there are 8 black balls and 1 white ball, and I randomly pick one, which color is
mostly likely to be picked? #489 Black
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⼆二、写作
SWT:
备考策略: 浏览全部机经 > 练习本周预测
Exam Strategy: Read through all Exam Qs > Weekly prediction
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1. Malaysia tourism 🔥
原⽂：Malaysia is one of the most pleasant, hassle-free countries to visit in
Southeast Asia. Aside from its gleaming 21st century glass towers, it boasts some of
the most superb beaches, mountains and national parks in the region. Malaysia is also
launching its biggest-ever tourism campaign in effort to lure 20 million visitors here
this year. Any tourist itinerary would have to begin in the capital, Kuala Lumpur,
where you will find the Petronas Twin Towers, which once comprised the world
tallest buildings and now hold the title of second-tallest. Both the 88-story towers
soar 1,480 feet high and are connected by a sky-bridge on the 41st floor. The
limestone temple Batu Caves, located 9 miles north of the city, have a 328-foot-high
ceiling and feature ornate Hindu shrines, including a 141-foot-tall gold-painted statue
of a Hindu deity. To reach the caves, visitors have to climb a steep flight of 272 steps.
In Sabah state on Borneo island not to be confused with Indonesias Borneo you'll find
the small mushroom-shaped Sipadan island, off the coast of Sabah, rated as one of the
top five diving sites in the world. Sipadan is the only oceanic island in Malaysia,
rising from a 2,300-foot abyss in the Celebes Sea. You can also climb Mount
Kinabalu, the tallest peak in Southeast Asia, visit the Sepilok Orang Utan Sanctuary,
go white-water rafting and catch a glimpse of the bizarre Proboscis monkey, a
primate found only in Borneo with a huge pendulous nose, a characteristic pot belly
and strange honking sounds. While you're in Malaysia, consider a trip to Malacca. In
its heyday, this southern state was a powerful Malay sultanate and a booming trading
port in the region. Facing the Straits of Malacca, this historical state is now a place of
intriguing Chinese streets, antique shops, old temples and reminders of European
colonial powers. Another interesting destination is Penang, known as the Pearl of the
Orient. This island off the northwest coast of Malaysia boasts of a rich Chinese
cultural heritage, good food and beautiful beaches.
(猩际官⽹/APP SWT #39)
2. Columbus 🔥
原⽂：When Christopher Columbus arrived at Hispaniola during his first
transatlantic voyage in the year A.D. 1492, the island had already been settled by
Native Americans for about 5,000 years. The occupants in Columbus’s time were a
group of Arawak Indians called Tainos who lived by farming, were organized into
five chiefdoms, and numbered around half a million (the estimates range from
100,000 to 2,000,000). Columbus initially found them peaceful and friendly, until he
and his Spaniards began mistreating them. Unfortunately for the Tainos, they had
gold, which the Spanish coveted but didn’t want to go to the work of mining
themselves. Hence the conquerors divided up the island and its Indian population
among individual Spaniards, who put the Indians to work as virtual slaves,
accidentally infected them with Eurasian diseases, and murdered them. By the year
1519, 27 years after Columbus’s arrival, that original population of half a million had
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been reduced to about 11,000, most of whom died that year of smallpox to bring the
population down to 3,000.
3. Overqualified employees 🔥
原⽂：If your recruiting efforts attract job applicants with too much experience—a
near certainty in this weak labor market—you should consider a response that runs
counter to most hiring managers’ MO: Don’t reject those applicants out of hand.
Instead, take a closer look. New research shows that overqualified workers tend to
perform better than other employees, and they don’t quit any sooner. Furthermore, a
simple managerial tactic—empowerment—can mitigate any dissatisfaction they may
feel. The prejudice against too-good employees is pervasive. Companies tend to
prefer an applicant who is a “perfect fit” over someone who brings more intelligence,
education, or experience than needed. On the surface, this bias makes sense: Studies
have consistently shown that employees who consider themselves overqualified
exhibit higher levels of discontent. For example, over-qualification correlated well
with job dissatisfaction in a 2008 study of 156 call-center reps by Israeli researchers
Saul Fine and Baruch Nevo. And unlike discrimination based on age or gender,
declining to hire overqualified workers is perfectly legal. But even before the
economic downturn, a surplus of overqualified candidates was a global problem,
particularly in developing economies, where rising education levels are giving
workers more skills than are needed to supply the growing service sectors. If
managers can get beyond the conventional wisdom, the growing pool of too-good
applicants is a great opportunity. Berrin Erdogan and Talya N. Bauer of Portland State
University in Oregon found that overqualified workers’ feelings of dissatisfaction can
be dissipated by giving them autonomy in decision making. At stores where
employees didn’t feel empowered, “overeducated” workers expressed greater
dissatisfaction than their colleagues did and were more likely to state an intention to
quit. But that difference vanished where self-reported autonomy was high.
4. American English
原⽂：American English is, without doubt, the most influential and powerful variety
of English in the world today. There are many reasons for this. First, the United States
is, at present, the most powerful nation on earth and such power always brings with it
influence. Indeed, the distinction between a dialect and a language has frequently
been made by reference to power. As has been said, a language is a dialect with an
army. Second, America’s political influence is extended through American popular
culture, in particular through the international reach of American films (movies, of
course) and music. As Kahane has pointed out, the internationally dominant position
of a culture results in a forceful expansion of its language... the expansion of
language contributes... to the prestige of the culture behind it. Third, the international
prominence of American English is closely associated with the extraordinarily quick
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development of communications technology. Microsoft is owned by an American,
Bill Gates. This means a computer’s default setting for language is American English,
although of course this can be changed to suit one’s own circumstances. In short, the
increased influence of American English is caused by political power and the
resultant diffusion of American culture and media, technological advance, and the
rapid development of communications technology.
5. Vividness of TV and Newspaper
原⽂：To understand the final reason why the news marketplace of ideas dominated
by television is so different from the one that emerged in the world dominated by the
printing press, it is important to distinguish the quality of vividness experienced by
television viewers from the “vividness” experienced by readers. I believe that the
vividness experienced in the reading of words is automatically modulated by the
constant activation of the reasoning centers of the brain that are used in the process of
concreating the representation of reality the author has intended. By contrast, the
visceral vividness portrayed on television has the capacity to trigger instinctual
responses similar to those triggered by reality itself—and without being modulated by
logic, reason, and reflective thought. The simulation of reality accomplished in the
television medium is so astonishingly vivid and compelling compared with the
representations of reality conveyed by printed words that it signifies much more than
an incremental change in the way people consume information. Books also convey
compelling and vivid representations of reality, of course. But the reader actively
participates in the conjuring of the reality the book’s author Is attempting to depict.
Moreover, the parts of the human brain that are central to the reasoning process are
continually activated by the very act of reading printed words: Words are composed
of abstract symbols—letters—that have no intrinsic meaning themselves until they
are strung together into recognizable sequences.
6. Skipping breakfast
原⽂：Skipping breakfast seems a simple way of losing weight or saving time while
getting the children ready for school or rushing off to work. But it can also be a sign
of an unhealthy lifestyle with potentially dangerous consequences, including a higher
risk of premature death. According to a study, adults and teenagers who miss the first
meal of the day are less likely to look after their health. They tend to smoke more,
drink more alcohol and take less exercise than those who do eat. Those who skip food
in the morning are also more likely to be fatter and less well-educated, meaning they
find it harder to get a job. Researcher Dr. Anna Keski-Rahkonen said: Smoking,
infrequent exercise, a low level of education, frequent alcohol use and a high body
mass index were all associated with skipping breakfast in adults and adolescents. Our
findings suggest this association exists throughout adulthood. Individuals who skip
breakfast may care less about their health than those who eat breakfast. Previously,
experts assumed that missing breakfast often called the most important meal of the
day was simply the marker of a hectic life or a way to try to lose weight. But Dr.
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Keski-Rahkonen, who led the study at Helsinki University, said the results revealed
starting the day without food suggests an unhealthy lifestyle.
7. Technology prediction
原⽂：As far as prediction is concerned, remember that the chairman of IBM
predicted in the fifties that the world would need a maximum of around half a dozen
computers, that the British Department for Education seemed to think in the eighties
that we would all need to be able to code in BASIC and that in the nineties Microsoft
failed to foresee the rapid growth of the Internet. Who could have predicted that one
major effect of the automobile would be to bankrupt small shops across the nation?
Could the early developers of the telephone have foreseen its development as a
medium for person to person communication, rather than as a form of broadcasting
medium? We all, including the 'experts', seem to be peculiarly inept at predicting the
likely development of our technologies, even as far as the next year. We can, of
course, try to extrapolate from experience of previous technologies, as I do below by
comparing the technology of the Internet with the development of other information
and communication technologies and by examining the earlier development of radio
and print. But how justified I might be in doing so remains an open question. You
might conceivably find the history of the British and French videotext systems,
Prestel and Minitel, instructive. However, I am not entirely convinced that they are
very relevant, nor do I know where you can find information about them online, so,
rather than take up space here, I've briefly described them in a separate article.
8. Beauty contest
原⽂：Since Australians Jennifer Hawkins and Lauryn Eagle were crowned Miss
Universe and Miss Teen International respectively, there has been a dramatic increase
in interest in beauty pageants in this country. These wins have also sparked a debate
as to whether beauty pageants are just harmless reminders of old fashioned values or
a throwback to the days when women were respected for how good they looked.
Opponents argue that beauty pageants, whether Miss Universe or Miss Teen
International, are demeaning to women and out of sync with the times. They say they
are nothing more than symbols of decline.
In the past few decades Australia has taken a real step toward treating women with
dignity and respect. Young women are being brought up knowing that they can do
anything, as shown by inspiring role models in medicine such as 2003 Australian of
the Year Professor Fiona Stanley.
Almost all of the pageant victors are wafer thin, reinforcing the message that thin
equals beautiful. This ignores the fact that men and women come in all sizes and
shapes. In a country where up to 60% of young women are on a diet at any one time
and 70% of school girls say they want to lose weight, despite the fact that most have
a normal BMI, such messages are profoundly hazardous to the mental health of
young Australians.
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9. The Rosetta Stone
原⽂：When the Rosetta Stone was discovered in 1799, the carved characters that
covered its surface were quickly copied. Printer's ink was applied to the Stone and
white paper laid over it. When the paper was removed, it revealed an exact copy of
the text—but in reverse. Since then, many copies or "facsimiles" have been made
using a variety of materials. Inevitably, the surface of the Stone accumulated many
layers of material left over from these activities, despite attempts to remove any
residue. Once on display, the grease from many thousands of human hands eager to
touch the Stone added to the problem.
An opportunity for investigation and cleaning the Rosetta Stone arose when this
famous object was made the centerpiece of theCracking Codesexhibition at The
British Museum in 1999. When work commenced to remove all but the original,
ancient material the stone was black with white lettering. As treatment progressed,
the different substances uncovered were analyzed. Grease from human handling, a
coating of carnauba wax from the early 1800s and printer's ink from 1799 were
cleaned away using cotton wool swabs and liniment of soap, white spirit, acetone and
purified water. Finally, white paint in the text, applied in 1981, which had been left in
place until now as a protective coating, was removed with cotton swabs and purified
water. A small square at the bottom left corner of the face of the Stone was left
untouched to show the darkened wax and the white infill.
10. Aging world

原⽂：We live in an aging world. While this has been recognized for some time in
developed countries, it is only recently that this phenomenon has been fully
acknowledged. Global communication is "shrinking" the world, and global aging is
"maturing" it. The increasing presence of older persons in the world is making people
of all ages more aware that we live in a diverse and multigenerational society. It is no
longer possible to ignore aging, regardless of whether one views it positively or
negatively. Demographers note that if current trends in aging continue as predicted, a
demographic revolution, wherein the proportions of the young and the old will
undergo a historic crossover, will be felt in just three generations. This portrait of
change in the world’s population parallels the magnitude of the industrial revolution
traditionally considered the most significant social and economic breakthrough in the
history of humankind since the Neolithic period. It marked the beginning of a
sustained movement towards modern economic growth in much the same way that
globalization is today marking an unprecedented and sustained movement toward a
"global culture". The demographic revolution, it is envisaged, will be at least as
powerful. While the future effects are not known, a likely scenario is one where both
the challenges as well as the opportunities will emerge from a vessel into which
exploration and research, dialogue and debate are poured. Challenges arise as social
and economic structures try to adjust to the simultaneous phenomenon of diminishing
young cohorts with rising older ones, and opportunities present themselves in the
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sheer number of older individuals and the vast resources societies stand to gain from
their contribution.
11. Nobel peace prize

原⽂：This year’s Nobel Peace Prize justly rewards the thousands of scientists of the
United Nations Climate Change Panel (the IPCC). These scientists are engaged in
excellent, painstaking work that establishes exactly what the world should expect
from climate change.
The other award winner, former US Vice President Al Gore, has spent much more
time telling us what to fear. While the IPCC’s estimates and conclusions are grounded
in careful study, Gore doesn’t seem to be similarly restrained.
Gore told the world in his Academy Award winning movie (recently labelled “one
sided” and containing “scientific errors” by a British judge) to expect 20 foot sea
level rises over this century. He ignores the findings of his Nobel co-winners, the
IPCC, who conclude that sea levels will rise between only a half foot and two feet
over this century, with their best expectation being about one foot. That’s similar to
what the world experienced over the past 150 years.
Likewise, Gore agonizes over the accelerated melting of ice in Greenland and what it
means for the planet, but overlooks the IPCC’s conclusion that, if sustained, the
current rate of melting would add just three inches to the sea level rise by the end of
the century. Gore also takes no notice of research showing that Greenland’s
temperatures were higher in 1941 than they are today.
The politician turned movie maker loses sleep over a predicted rise in heat related
deaths. There’s another side of the story that’s inconvenient to mention: rising
temperatures will reduce the number of cold spells, which are a much bigger killer
than heat. The best study shows that by 2050, heat will claim 400,000 more lives, but
1.8 million fewer will die because of cold. Indeed, according to the first complete
survey of the economic effects of climate change for the world, global warming will
actually save lives.
12. Electric car

原⽂：Although we tend to think of electric cars as being something completely
modern, they were in fact some of the earliest types of motorized vehicle.
At the beginning of the twentieth century electric cars were actually more popular
than cars with an internal combustion engine as they were more comfortable to ride
in. However, as cars fueled by petrol increased in importance, electric cars declined.
The situation became such that electric vehicles were only used for certain specific
purposes - as fork-lift trucks, ambulances and urban delivery vehicles, for example.
Although electricity declined in use in road vehicles, it steadily grew in importance as
a means of powering trains. Switzerland, for example, was quick to develop an
electrified train system, encouraged in this no doubt by the fact that it had no coal or
oil resources of its own.
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Nowadays there is renewed interest in electricity as a means of powering road
vehicles. Why is this the case? Well, undoubtedly economic reasons are of
considerable importance. The cost of oil has risen so sharply that there is a strong
financial imperative to look for an alternative. However, there are also environmental
motivations. Emissions from cars are blamed in large part for - among other things –
the destruction of the ozone layer and the resultant rise in temperatures in the polar
regions. A desire not to let things get any worse is also encouraging research into
designing effective electric transport.
13.Pendulum clock
原⽂：One of Guinness World Records' more unusual awards was presented at the
National Maritime Museum yesterday. After a 100-day trial, the timepiece known as
Clock B — which had been sealed in a clear plastic box to prevent tampering — was
officially declared, by Guinness, to be the world's "most accurate mechanical clock
with a pendulum swinging in free air". It was an intriguing enough award. But what
is really astonishing is that the clock was designed more than 250 years ago by a man
who was derided at the time for Ilan incoherence and absurdity that was little short of
the symptoms of insanity", and whose plans for the clock lay ignored for two
centuries. The derision was poured on John Harrison, the British clockmaker whose
marine chronometers had revolutionized seafaring in the 18th century (and who was
the subject of Longitude by Dava Sobel). His subsequent claim — that he would go
on to make a pendulum timepiece that was accurate to within a second over a 100-
day period — triggered widespread ridicule. The task was simply impossible, it was
declared. But now the last laugh lies with Harrison. At a conference, Harrison
Decoded: Towards a Perfect Pendulum Clock, held at Greenwich yesterday,
observatory scientists revealed that a clock that had been built to the clockmaker's
exact specifications had run for 100 days during official tests and had lost only five-
eighths of a second in that period.
14. Mini war 🔥

原⽂：In such an environment, warfare is no longer purely directed against the
military potential of adversarial states. It is rather directed at infiltrating all areas of
their societies and to threaten their existences. The comparatively easy access to
weapons of mass destruction, in particular relatively and low-cost biological agents,
is of key concern. Both governmental and non-governmental actors prefer to use
force in a way that can be characterized as “unconventional” or also as “small wars.”
War waged according to conventions is an interstate phenomenon. The “small war” is
the archetype of war, in which the protagonists acknowledge no rules and
permanently try to violate what conventions do exist. The protagonists of the “small
war” observe neither international standards nor arms control agreements. They make
use of territories where they do not have to fear any sanctions because there is no
functioning state to assume charge of such sanctions or because the state in question
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is too weak to impose such sanctions. This type of war does not provide for any
warning time. It challenges not only the external security of the nation states and
international community, but also their internal safety.
15. School liaison police NSW 🔥

原⽂：Armed police have been brought into NSW schools to reduce crime rates and
educate students. The 40 School Liaison Police (SLP) officers have been allocated to
public and private high schools across the state. Organisers say the officers, who
began work last week, will build positive relationships between police and students.
But parent groups warned of potential dangers of armed police working at schools in
communities where police relations were already under strain. Among their duties,
the SLPs will conduct crime prevention workshops, talking to students about issues
including shoplifting, offensive behaviour, graffiti and drugs and alcohol. They can
also advise school principals. One SLP, Constable Ben Purvis, began work in the
inner Sydney region last week, including at Alexandria Park Community School's
senior campus. Previously stationed as a crime prevention officer at The Rocks, he
now has 27 schools under his jurisdiction in areas including The Rocks, Redfern and
Kings Cross. Constable Purvis said the full time position would see him working on
the broader issues of crime prevention. "I am not a security guard," he said. "I am not
there to patrol the school. We want to improve relationships between police and
schoolchildren, to have positive interaction. We are coming to the school and giving
them knowledge to improve their own safety." Parents' groups responded to the
program positively, but said it may spark a range of community reactions. "It is a
good thing and an innovative idea and there could be some positive benefits,"
Council of Catholic School Parents executive officer.
16. Conspicuous consumption

原⽂：Almost 120 years ago, during the first Gilded Age, sociologist Thorstein
Veblen coined the term "conspicuous consumption". He used it to refer to rich people
flaunting(炫耀) their wealth through wasteful spending. Why buy a thousand-dollar
suit when a hundred-dollar one serves the same function? The answer, Veblen said,
was power. The rich asserted their dominance by showing how much money they
could burn on things they didn't need. While radical at the time, Veblen's observation
seems obvious now. In the intervening decades, conspicuous consumption has
become deeply embedded in the texture of American capitalism. Our new Gilded Age
is even more Veblenian than the last. Today's captains of industry publicize their
social position with private islands and superyachts while the president of the United
States covers nearly everything he owns in gold. But the acquisition of insanely
expensive commodities isn't the only way that modern elites project power. More
recently, another form of status display has emerged. In the new Gilded Age,
identifying oneself as a member of the ruling class doesn't just require conspicuous
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consumption. It requires conspicuous production. If conspicuous consumption
involves the worship of luxury, conspicuous production involves the worship of labor.
It isn't about how much you spend. It's about how hard you work. Nowhere is the cult
of conspicuous production more visible than among America's CEOs.
17. Brand loyalty

原⽂：Brand loyalty exists when consumers repeat-purchase your brand rather than
swapping and switching between brands. It is widely agreed that it is far more
expensive to have to find a new customer than to keep existing ones happy, so brand
loyalty is crucial for achieving high-profit margins. For charities, it is important to set
a marketing objective of improving brand loyalty. If existing donors can be persuaded
to set up a direct debit to the charity, its cash flow will improve significantly. To
enhance, or reposition a brand's image Although some brands stay fresh for
generations (Marmite is over 100 years old) others become jaded due to changes in
consumer tastes and lifestyles. At this point, the firms need to refresh the brand image
to keep the products relevant to the target market. A clear objective must be set. For
instance: what brand attributes do we want to create? What do we want the brand to
stand for? Repositioning This occurs when a firm aims to a change a brand’s image,
so that the brand appeals to a new target market. Twelve years into its life cycle,
McVitie's decided to reposition its Hobnobs biscuit brand. Hobnobs had been
positioned as a homely, quite healthy biscuit for middle-aged consumers. Research
pointed McVitie's in a new direction: younger, more male, and less dull. So new
packaging was designed and then launched in conjunction with a new, brighter
advertising campaign. In 2013 Hobnobs sales were worth 36 million pounds, 9
percent up on the previous year.
18. The city of London

原⽂：Who would have thought back in 1698, as they downed their espressos, that
the little band of stockbrokers from Jonathan's Coffee House in Change Alley EC3
would be the founder members of what would become the world's mighty money
capital?
Progress was not entirely smooth. The South Sea Bubble burst in 1720 and the coffee
house exchanges burned down in 1748. As late as Big Bang in 1986, when bowler
hats were finally hung up, you wouldn't have bet the farm on London surpassing New
York, Frankfurt and Tokyo as Mammon's international nexus.
Yet the 325,000 souls who operate in the UK capital's financial hub have now
overtaken their New York rivals in size of the funds managed (including offshore
business); they hold 70% of the global secondary bond market and the City
dominates foreign exchange trading. And its institutions paid out £9 billion in
bonuses in December. The Square Mile has now spread both eastwards from EC3 to
Canary Wharf and westwards into Mayfair, where many of the private equity 'locusts'
and their hedge fund pals now hang out.
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For foreigners in finance, London is the place to be. It has no Sarbanes Oxley and no
euro to hold it back, yet the fact that it still flies so high is against the odds. London is
one of the most expensive cities in the world to live in, transport systems groan and
there's an ever present threat of terrorist attack. But, for the time being, the deals just
keep on getting bigger.
19. Brain mechanism

原⽂：It’s important to realise that the brain doesn't see the world around it simply as
though the scene was projected onto a cinema screen on the inside of your skull.
Before a scene can be observed "in your head" it has to be broken down into a
number of different components for processing, and these components then have to
be recombined into the meaningful form that we call "an image". Amongst other
things, the scene is broken down into its different colours — red, green and blue — in
a way that's analogous to the manner in which a television image or magazine
photograph is broken down into tiny dots of primary colours (which are too small to
be noticed individually when we look at them, but which when seen collectively give
the impression of a continuous full colour image). However, unlike and magazine
images, the image that we see with our eyes is broken down not only into separate
colour components but into other components too. It is, rather incredibly,
deconstructed into component parts such as horizontal lines, vertical lines, circles and
so on. Each of these component parts is sent to a separate area of the brain for
processing, with the different components of the scene only merging again when they
are unified into what you perceive as the image.
20. Skipping breakfast （B）

原⽂：Skipping Breakfast Has Drawbacks - It's no mystery why so many people
routinely skip breakfast: bad timing. It comes at a time when folks can be more
occupied with matters of grooming, attire and otherwise making themselves
presentable for a new day. However, studies conducted both in the United States and
internationally have shown that skipping breakfast can affect learning, memory and
physical well-being. Students who skip breakfast are not as efficient at selecting
critical information for problem-solving as their peers who have had breakfast. For
school children, skipping breakfast diminishes the ability to recall and use newly
acquired information, verbal fluency, and control of attention, according to Ernesto
Pollitt, a UC Davis professor of pediatrics whose research focuses on the influence of
breakfast on mental and physical performance. Skipping breakfast can impair
thinking in adults, also. For both children and adults, a simple bowl of cereal with
milk goes a long way toward providing a sufficiently nutritious start to the day.
Green-Burgeson recommends choosing a cereal that's low in sugar — less than five
grams per serving — and using nonfat or one percent milk. Frederick Hirshburg, a
pediatrician at UC Davis Medical Group, Carmichael, says that babies and other
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preschoolers rarely skip breakfast because "they're usually the hungriest at the
beginning of the day. Breakfast then becomes more of a "learned experience" than a
response to a biological need, Hirshburg says.
21. Greenland shark

原⽂：An international team of scientists is set to go to Arctic to investigate the
Greenland shark longevity mystery. The shark is known to be the longest living
vertebrate animal on the planet Earth. One of the members is Dr. Holy Shiels, a
physiologist and senior lecturer in the Faculty of Life Sciences at the University of
Manchester. She will be the only British scientist in the team to study Greenland
shark, which is believed to be the vertebrate animals and mammals with the longest
living. The shark is reported to have lived for more than 200 years, and possibly close
to or more than 400 years. The shark is both hunter and a scavenger, that feed on
seals and other animals including polar bears and whales. It is also known as one of
the largest sharks, reaching to five and a half meters (1 8 feet), very close to the size
of a great white. The research team is commissioned by the Greenland government
and will conduct the research on board the multi-purpose research vessel Sanna,
operated by the Greenland Institute of Natural Resources. A Greenland shark is
estimated to be able to live for 400 years according to Science Magazine. Professor
Shiels expects to gather sufficient data of Greenland shark, a top predator in the
Arctic sea. She wanted to find a clue of how Greenland shark is able to survive in the
deep sea of the Arctic sea, by examining how its heart and circulation work in its
normal habitat, as she specializes in the cardiovascular function. "Greenland sharks
are classified as data deficient," Shiels said. "This means that we don't know enough
to put measures in place to protect them from over-fishing, pollution or climate
change."
22. Frog amber 🔥

原⽂：A miner in the state of Chiapas found a tiny tree frog that has been preserved
in amber for 25 million years, a researcher said. If authenticated, the preserved frog
would be the first of its kind found in Mexico, according to David Grimaldi, a
biologist and curator at the American Museum of Natural History, who was not
involved in the find. The chunk of amber containing the frog, less than half an inch
long, was uncovered by a miner in Mexico’s southern Chiapas state in 2005 and was
bought by a private collector, who loaned it to scientists for study. A few other
preserved frogs have been found in chunks of amber — a stone formed by ancient
tree sap — mostly in the Dominican Republic. Like those, the frog found in Chiapas
appears to be of the genus Craugastor, whose descendants still inhabit the region, said
biologist Gerardo Carbot of the Chiapas Natural History and Ecology Institute.
Carbot announced the discovery this week. The scientist said the frog lived about 25
million years ago, based on the geological strata where the amber was found. Carbot
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would like to extract a sample from the frog’s remains in hopes of finding DNA that
could identify the particular species but doubts the owner would let him drill into the
stone.
23. Parent’s born order

原⽂：Parents' own born order can become an issue when dynamics in the family
they are raising replicate the family in which they were raised. Agati notes common
examples, such as a firstborn parent getting into "raging battles" with a firstborn
child. "Both are used to getting the last word. Each has to be right. But the parent has
to be the grown up and step out of that battle," he advises. When youngest children
become parents, Agati cautions that because they "may not have had high
expectations placed on them, they in turn may not see their kids for their abilities."
But he also notes that since youngest children tend to be more social, "youngest
parents can be helpful to their firstborn, who may have a harder time with social
situations. These parents can help their eldest kids loosen up and not be so hard on
themselves. Mom Susan Ritz says her own birth order didn't seem to affect her
parenting until the youngest of her three children, Julie, was born. Julie was nine
years younger than Ritz's oldest, Joshua, mirroring the age difference between Susan
and her own older brother. "I would see Joshua do to Julie what my brother did to
me," she says of the taunting and teasing by a much older sibling." I had to try not to
always take Julie's side." Biases can surface no matter what your own birth position
was, as Lori Silverstone points out. "As a middle myself, I can be harder on my older
daughter. I recall my older sister hitting me," she says of her reactions to her
daughters' tussles.
24. Children watching TV 🔥
原⽂：Why and to what extent should parents control their children’s TV watching?
There is certainly nothing inherently wrong with TV. The problem is how much
television a child watches and what effect it has on his life. Research has shown that
as the child watches and what effect it has on his life. Research has shown that as the
amount of time spent watching TV goes up, the amount of time devoted not only to
homework and study but other important aspects of life such as social development
and physical activities decreases. Television is bound to have it tremendous impact on
a child, both in terms of how many hours a week he watches TV and of what he sees.
When a parent is concerned about the effects of television, he should consider a
number of things: what TV offers the child in terms of information and knowledge,
how many hours a week a youngster his age should watch television, the impact of
violence and sex, and the influence of commercials. What about the family as a
whole? Is the TV set a central piece of furniture in your home! Is it flicked on the
moment someone enters the empty house? Is it on during the daytime? Is it part of the
background notice of your family life? Do you demonstrate by your own viewing that
television should be watched selectively?
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25. World wide web
原⽂：Tim Berners-Lee believes the internet can foster human understanding and
even world peace Times Online, March 20, 2010. He is the man who has changed the
world more than anyone else in the past hundred years. Sir Tim Berners-Lee may be a
mild-mannered academic who lives modestly in Boston, but as the inventor of the
world wide web he is also a revolutionary. Along with Galileo, William Caxton and
Sir Isaac Newton, he is a scientist who has altered the way people think as well as the
way they live.
Since the web went global 20 years ago, the way we shop, listen to music and
communicate has been transformed. There are implications for politics, literature,
economics even terrorism because an individual can now have the same access to
information as the elite. Society will never be the same.
The computer scientist from Oxford, who built his own computer from a television
screen and spare parts after he was banned from one of the university computers, is a
cultural guru as much as a technological one. It is amazing how far we've come, he
says. But you're always wondering what’s the next crazy idea, and working to make
sure the web stays one web and that the internet stays open. There isn't much time to
sit back and reflect. We speak for more than an hour about everything from Facebook
to fatwas, Wikipedia to Google. He invented the web, he says, because he was
frustrated that he couldn't find all the information he wanted in one place. It was an
imaginary concept that he realized.
26. Grass&Cow
原⽂：The co-evolutionary relationship between cows and grass is one of nature’s
underappreciated wonders; it also happens to be the key to understanding just about
everything about modern meat. For the grasses, which have evolved to withstand the
grazing of ruminants, the cow maintains and expands their habitat by preventing trees
and shrubs from gaining a foothold and hogging the sunlight; the animal also spreads
grass seed, plants it with his hooves, and then fertilizes it with his manure. In
exchange for these services the grasses offer ruminants a plentiful and exclusive
supply of lunch. For cows (like sheep, bison, and other ruminants) have evolved the
special ability to convert grass – which single-stomached creatures like us can’t
digest – into high-quality protein. They can do this because they possess what is
surely the most highly evolved digestive organ in nature: the rumen. About the size of
a medicine ball, the organ is essentially a forty-five-gallon fermentation tank in which
a resident population of bacteria dines on grass.
27. Language teaching approaches

原⽂：Over the years, language teachers have alternated between favoring teaching
approaches that focus primarily on language use and those that focus on language
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forms or analysis. The alternation has been due to a fundamental disagreement
concerning whether one learns to communicate in a second language by
communicating in that language (such as in an immersion experience) or whether one
learns to communicate in a second language by learning the lexicogrammar – the
words and grammatical structures – of the target language. In other words, the
argument has been about two different means of achieving the same end. As with any
enduring controversy, the matter is not easily resolved. For one thing, there is
evidence to support both points of view. It is not uncommon to find learners who, for
whatever reason, find themselves in a new country or a new region of their own
country, who need to learn a new language, and who do so without the benefit of
formal instruction. If they are postpubescent(青春期以后的), they may well retain an
accent of some kind, but they can pick up enough language to satisfy their
communicative needs. In fact, some are natural acquirers who become highly
proficient in this manner. In contrast, there are learners whose entire exposure to the
new language comes in the form of classroom instruction in lexicogrammar. Yet they
too achieve a measure of communicative proficiency, and certain of these learners
become highly proficient as well. What we can infer from this is that humans are
amazingly versatile learners and that some people have a natural aptitude for
acquiring languages and will succeed no matter what the circumstances.
28. Early Adopters

原⽂：Disabled people were among the early adopters of personal computers. They
were quick to appreciate that word processing programs and printers gave them
freedom from dependence on others to read and write for them. Some of these
disabled early adopters became very knowledgeable about what could be achieved
and used their knowledge to become independent students at a high level. They also
gained the confidence to ask that providers of education make adjustments so that
disabled students could make better use of course software and the web, rather than
just word processing. For some disability groups, information in electronic format
(whether computer-based or web-based) can be more accessible than printed
information. For example, people who have limited mobility or limited manual skills
can find it difficult to obtain or hold printed material; visually impaired people can
find it difficult or impossible to read print, but both these groups can be enabled to
use a computer and, therefore, access the information electronically. Online
communication can enable disabled students to communicate with their peers on an
equal basis. For example, a deaf student or a student with Asperger’s syndrome may
find it difficult to interact in a face-to-face tutorial, but may have less difficulty
interacting when using a text conferencing system in which everyone types and reads
text. In addition, people’s disabilities are not necessarily visible in online
communication systems; so disabled people do nit have to declare their disability and
are not perceived as being different.
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29. Ecology and climatology
原⽂：Ecology is the study of interactions of organisms among themselves and with
their environment. It seeks to understand patterns in nature (e.g., the spatial and
temporal distribution of organisms) and the processes governing those patterns.
Climatology is the study of the physical state of the atmosphere – its instantaneous
state or weather, its seasonal-to-interannual variability, its long-term average
condition or climate, and how climate changes over time. These two fields of
scientific study are distinctly different. Ecology is a discipline within the biological
sciences and has as its core the principle of natural selection. Climatology is a
discipline within the geophysical sciences based on applied physics and fluid
dynamics. Both, however, share a common history. The origin of these sciences is
attributed to Aristotle and Theophrastus and their books Meteorological and Enquiry
into Plants, respectively, but their modern beginnings trace back to natural history
and plant geography. Seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth century naturalists and
geographers saw changes in vegetation as they explored new regions and laid the
foundation for the development of ecology and climatology as they sought
explanations for these geographic patterns. Alexander von Humboldt, in the early
1800s, observed that widely separated regions have structurally and functionally
similar vegetation if their climates are similar. Alphonse de Candolle hypothesized
that latitudinal zones of tropical, temperate, and arctic vegetation are caused by
temperature and in 1874 proposed formal vegetation zones with associated
temperature limits.
30. Tax on meat

原⽂：A day would come, Percy Shelley predicted in 1813, when "the monopolizing
eater of animal flesh would no longer destroy his constitution by eating an acre at a
meal". He explained: "The quantity of nutritious vegetable matter consumed in
fattening the carcass of an ox would afford 10 times the sustenance if gathered
immediately from the bosom of the earth." Two hundred years later, mainstream
agronomists and dietitians have caught up with the poet. A growing scientific
consensus agrees that feeding cereals and beans to animals is an inefficient and
extravagant way to produce human food, that there is a limited amount of grazing
land, that the world will be hard-pressed to supply a predicted population of 9 billion
people with a diet as rich in meat as the industrialized world currently enjoys, and
that it's not a very healthy diet anyway. On top of this, livestock contribute
significantly towards global warming, generating 14.5% of all manmade greenhouse
gas emissions, according to one much-quoted estimate from the United Nations. Now
that the problem has been identified, the challenge is to persuade people in wealthy
countries to eat less meat. That might seem a tall order, but governments have
successfully persuaded people to quit smoking through a combination of public
information, regulation and taxation.
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31. Independent work
原⽂：Working nine to five for a single employer bears little resemblance to the way
a substantial share of the workforce makes a living today. Millions of people
assemble various income streams and work independently, rather than in structured
payroll jobs. This is hardly a new phenomenon, yet it has never been well measured
in official statistics and the resulting data gaps prevent a clear view of a large share of
labor-market activity. To better understand the independent workforce and what
motivates the people who participate in it, the McKinsey Global Institute surveyed
some 8,000 respondents across Europe and the United States. We asked about their
income in the past 12 months-encompassing primary work, as well as any other
income-generating activities, and about their professional satisfaction and aspirations
for work in the future. The resulting report, Independent work: Choice, necessity, and
the gig economy, finds that up to 162 million people in Europe and the United States-
or 20 to 30 percent of the working-age population - engage in some form of
independent work. While demographically diverse, independent workers largely fit
into four segments (exhibit): free agents, who actively choose independent work and
derive their primary income from it; casual earners, who use independent work for
supplemental income and do so by choice; reluctants, who make their primary living
from independent work but would prefer traditional jobs; and the financially
strapped, who do supplemental independent work out of necessity.
32. Ethics
原⽂：Ethics is a set of moral obligations that define right and wrong in our practices
and decisions. Many professions have a formalized system of ethical practices that
help guide professionals in the field. For example, doctors commonly take the
Hippocratic Oath, which, among other things, states that doctors "do no harm" to
their patients. Engineers follow an ethical guide that states that they "hold paramount
the safety, health, and welfare of the public." Within these professions, as well as
within science, the principles become so ingrained that practitioners rarely have to
think about adhering to the ethic – it's part of the way they practice. And a breach of
ethics is considered very serious, punishable at least within the profession (by
revocation of a license, for example) and sometimes by the law as well. Scientific
ethics calls for honesty and integrity in all stages of scientific practice, from reporting
results regardless to properly attributing collaborators. This system of ethics guides
the practice of science, from data collection to publication and beyond. As in other
professions, the scientific ethic is deeply integrated into the way scientists work, and
they are aware that the reliability of their work and scientific knowledge in general
depends upon adhering to that ethic. Many of the ethical principles in science relate
to the production of unbiased scientific knowledge, which is critical when others try
to build upon or extend research findings. The open publication of data, peer review,
replication, and collaboration required by the scientific ethic all help to keep science
moving forward by validating research findings and confirming or raising questions
about results.
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33. Positive mindset
原⽂：Research shows that when people work with a positive mind-set, performance
on nearly every level – productivity, creativity, engagement - improves. Yet happiness
is perhaps the most misunderstood driver of performance. For one, most people
believe that success precedes happiness. “Once I get a promotion, I'll be happy,” they
think. Or, “Once I hit my sales target, I'll feel great.” But because success is a moving
target – as soon as you hit your target, you raise it again, the happiness that results
from success is fleeting. In fact, it works the other way around: People who cultivate
a positive mind-set perform better in the face of challenge. I call this the "happiness
advantage” – every business outcome shows improvement when the brain is positive.
I've observed this effect in my role as a researcher and lecturer in 48 countries on the
connection between employee happiness and success. And I'm not alone: In a meta-
analysis of 225 academic studies, researchers Sonja Lyubomirsky, Laura King, and
Ed Diener found strong evidence of directional causality between life satisfaction and
successful business outcomes. Another common misconception is that our genetics,
our environment, or a combination of the two determines how happy we are. To be
sure, both factors have an impact. But one's general sense of well-being is
surprisingly malleable. The habits you cultivate, the way you interact with coworkers,
how you think about stress – all these can be managed to increase your happiness and
your chances of success.
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WE：
备考策略: 模版熟练使⽤ (猩际AI批改) > 练习本周预测 > 浏览全部机经
Exam Strategy: Correct use of templates (APEUni AI Score) > Weekly prediction >
All Exam Qs
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1. Do you think the design of building affects positively or negatively where people
live and work? #72
2. It is important to maintain the balance between work and other aspects of one’s
life such as family and leisure activities. Please give your opinion about how
important to maintain the balance and why some people think it is hard to do?#39
3. Global problems are related to governments and international organizations, what
are the problems and what is your opinion? #98
4. Governments promise continuous economic growth, but it's actually an illusion.
Some people think that governments should abandon this. Please talk about the
validity and the implications. #105
5. The lazy journalism has become commonplace in today's digitalized world.
Explain what is it and the cause of it. How do you define "lazy" journalism and
what is the cause? #104
6. Government should allocate sources prior to the technology research, do you
agree or disagree? Give your own experience and examples. #101
7. What do you think of bidding to host sports events? Is it a blessing or a curse?
Give your opinions. #107
8. The only way to reduce air pollution is to increase the prices of fuels for vehicles.
What is your opinion and explain with your own experiences and examples. #108
9. Some people see prisons as the place where criminals should be punished, while
some people think their primary function should be to teach them how to lead
better lives. What is your opinion about the main function of time spent in prison,
punishment or rehabilitation? #109
10. When you look for a job, some people think salary is more important while
others think work condition is more important. Which one do you agree with?
#110
11. With the increase of digital media available online, the role of the library has
become obsolete. Universities should only procure digital materials rather than
constantly textbooks. Discuss both the advantages and disadvantages of this
position and give your own point of view. #86
12. Parents play an important role in educating children as much as a teacher. Do you
agree or disagree? #119
13. Because university degrees can get jobs with higher salaries, university students
should pay full cost for their education. Do you agree or not? #118
14. There are numerous after-class activities for students. Is it good or not? #117
15. What are the advantages of cheaper public transportation? What will cause us to
achieve it? #116
16. Which areas of concern should governments allocate funds to? Climate change,
education, or public health? Explain your idea with examples. #115
17. Poor lifestyles have a negative impact on people's health. List some unhealthy
lifestyles and discuss what government services could help? #114
18. Some people argue that young people should concentrate on study or work, some
people think it is better to put energy in activities designed to broaden their
experience, such as international travel and volunteering. Support with examples
or cases. #113
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19. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of differential education, i.e., splitting
students into different classes according to their academic performance. #112
20. Parents should be held legally responsible for their children’s acts. What is your
opinion? Support it with personal examples. #43 🔥
21. The world’s governments and organizations are facing a lot of issues. Which do
you think is the most pressing problem for the inhabitants on our planet and give
the solution? #76
22. Space travel is fantastic these days, but there are many issues, such as
environmental problems, that we should be focusing on. What are your views on
the allocation of public funding? #126
23. Large shopping malls are replacing small shops. What is your opinion on this?
Do you think this is a good or bad change? #30 🔥
24. It is important for children to take extra classes or play after school? Discuss both
and give your opinions. #127
25. Some people think that younger employees often have more skills, knowledge
and motivation than the old employees. To what extent do you agree with it? Use
your experience. #133
26. Business whether big or small is to maximize profit. Do you agree with that?
Give your opinion. #143
27. Hosting sporting events such as the Olympics and the World Cup can bring
benefits to the host countries. How far do you agree with this statement? Use
your own examples to support. #146
28. University experience is more important than a university’s degree. Some people
argue that university life is much more important than an educational degree in
job market. Do you agree or not agree? #153
29. Some universities deduct students’ work if assignment is given late. What is your
opinion and suggest some alternative actions? #63
30. The time people devote in job leaves very little time for personal life. How
widespread is the problem? What problem will this shortage of time cause?#75
31. Some people point that experiential learning (i.e. learning by doing it) can work
well in formal education. However, others think a traditional form of teaching is
the best. Do you think experiential learning can work well in high schools or
colleges? #56
32. Effective learning requires time, comfort and peace so it is impossible to
combine study and employment. Study and employment distract one from
another. To what extent do you think the statements are realistic? Support your
opinion with examples? #106
33. As cities expanding, some people claim governments should look forward
creating better networks of public transportation available for everyone rather
than building more roads for vehicle owning population. What’s your opinion?
Give some examples or experience to support. #5
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三、阅读
Reading MCS：
备考策略: 熟悉题型 > 优先学习其他题型 > ⼤致浏览本周预测 (学习⽣词) > 练

习题
Exam Strategy: Prioritise other question types > Weekly prediction > Practice Qs
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1. Pluto
要点：有⼀张宇宙的照⽚，讲为什么冥王星Pluto是矮⾏星dwarf planet⽽不是⾏
星。
There are three criteria to be a planet.
Firstly, it should have a shape of ball.
Secondly, it must be in orbit around the sun.
At last, it cannot share with its neighbourhood around the orbit.
Pluto meets the first two, but not the last one.
Pluto is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper Belt, a ring of bodies beyond Neptune.
提到了研究员怎么发现Pluto和Neptune的orbit重合的。
问：According to IAU’s definition, why is Pluto currently considered as a
dwarf planet?
选项：Pluto shares the orbit with Neptune；(答案）
Pluto has no shape of ball；
Pluto does not orbit the sun；
Pluto is an asteroid。
(猩际官⽹/APP RMCS#94)
2. Graffiti
要点：Postgraduate student Genevieve Rowles is working hard to make graffiti a
rarity rather than a fact of modern city life, as part of her Master's degree in forensic
science.
Ms. Rowles is studying graffiti tags to find a way of identifying the perpetrators and
eventually building a statewide database of offenders and their tags. She says a
common defence among taggers is to admit to one offense but deny multiple tags,
claiming them to be forgeries. Her aim is to be able to disprove that tags can be
forged, so that offenders can be prosecuted for multiple tags.
选项：acclaim artists；
crime consequences。（答案）
(猩际官⽹/APP RMCS #92)
3. Allusive
要点：allusive的意思是“暗指的；引⽤典故的”。
选项：fleeting；
motivate；
persuasive；
suggestive或是implicit；（答案）
realistic。
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4. Insurance
要点：讲international students需要买oversea health insurance。以卧龙岗⼤学为
例，可以去AHS这个系统。在接受学校offer的时候可以选择让学校帮助购买，
保险公司就可以直接签。如果学⽣不喜欢这个保险公司，可以⾃⾏换公司。保
险到期后，需要学⽣⾃⼰renew并且pay directly。
问：通过这篇⽂章可以得到什么结论。
选项：只有international student才需要买保险，本地学⽣不⽤(⼲扰项)；
只有本地学⽣要买⽽international student不⽤(⼲扰项)；学⽣需要⾃⼰cover their
own health through insurance（答案）；只有卧龙岗⼤学的学⽣需要买保险(⼲扰
项)。
(猩际官⽹/APP RMCS #87)
5. New material
要点：⽜津⼀个24岁的student and researcher发现了⼀种新材质，可能对以后听
⼒（或视⼒）受损的⼈有帮助，因为是可降解的。
问：这篇⽂章的⽬的是什么?
选项：赞扬这个young scientist和her discovery(疑似正确答案);介绍⼀个
promising discovery（疑似正确答案）；对⽐新旧两种材质(⼲扰项)。
6. Home education
要点：母亲认为教育是为了她们的⼥⼉好。
选项：their focus should be on home issues; (答案）
they envy their daughters；（⼲扰项）
they want them to school education. （⼲扰项）s
7. Voting machine
要点：投票机是美国⼈发明的。
西欧国家都不⽤，依然使⽤传统的纸笔投票形式。
另外两个使⽤投票机的国家是Holland和India。
选项:voting machine distribution（正确答案）。
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8. Rocket
要点：关于rocket。说rocket分级，前⾯的是sub-orbital，可以帮助后⾯的rocket
发射。rocket可以进⾏对earth的研究、measure upper atmosphere和对X-ray
emission from the sun。
问：在次级rocket之前点⽕的rocket的作⽤是什么？
选项：study the earth；
development of X-ray；
explore space；
help launching the real rocket。（答案）
9. Angkor
原⽂：Angkor was the site of several capitals of the Khmer Empire, north of Tonlé
Sap lake, in northwest Cambodia. Far about five and a half centuries (9th to 15th), it
was the heart of the empire. Extending aver an area of 120 sq mi (32.3 sq km), the
ruins contain same of the mast imposing monuments in the world, including about a
thousand temples, mainly Hindu and same Buddhist; the ancient city, however, had
an extent perhaps nearly 10 times that size (according to satellite photographs
published in 2007), and was home to perhaps 750,000 people.
问：The ancient city of Angkar （）
选项：A) was similar in size to the Tonlé Sap lake.
B) covered an area of approximately 750,000 square metres.
C) was built an the ruins of a thousand temples.
D) was significantly larger than the site today.（答案）
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Reading MCM:
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习题
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1. Pigeons
原⽂：The theory that pigeons famous skill at navigation is down to iron-rich nerve
cells in their beaks has been disproved by a new study published in Nature. The study
shows that iron-rich cells in the pigeon beak are in fact specialised white blood cells,
called macrophages. This finding, which shatters the established dogma, puts the field
back on course as the search for magnetic cells continues. "The mystery of how
animals detect magnetic fields has just got more mysterious” said Dr David Keays
who led the study. Dr Keays continued: “We had hoped to find magnetic nerve cells,
but unexpectedly we found thousands of macrophages, each filled with tiny balls of
iron.”. Macrophages are a type of white blood cell that play a vital role in defending
against infection and re-cycling iron from red blood cells. They're unlikely to be
involved in magnetic sensing as they are not excitable cells and cannot produce
electrical signals which could be registered by neurons and therefore influence the
pigeon's behaviour. We employed state-of-the-art imaging techniques to visualise and
map the location of iron-filled cells in the pigeon beak.
(猩际官⽹/APP RMCM#79)
2. ANZAC
要点：ANZAC（Australian and New Zealand Army Corps) in the battle field of
World War One in Gallipoli, Turkey.
选项：对澳洲现代⼈的values有深远影响；（正确答案）
⼠兵互扔⼿榴弹（grenade）（对应原⽂第⼀段back and forth，因
为ANZAC离攻击⽬标⾜够近）；（正确答案）
他们在挖⼯事的过程中起⽤了很多⼈；
13,000⼟⽿其⼈死亡；（错误选项）
这些阵亡⼠兵从别的战役过来；（错误选项）
ANZAC侵占了⼟⽿其。（错误选项）
3. 3D print
原⽂：With the help of their latest invention in science - a 3D printer, researchers
managed to create the exact copy of a man’s thumb bones. The device can now be
used to help surgeons restore damaged bones by creating their precise copies, which
are made from the patient’s cells. The new method implies a number of steps.
Initially, it is important to have a 3D image of the bone that is going to be copied. In
case the bone has been damaged, one can create a mirror image of the bone’s intact
twin. Afterwards the picture of the bone is inserted into a 3D inject printer that puts
thin layers of a material (selected beforehand) on top of one another till the 3D object
shows up. After successfully replicating a bone, the copy itself features small pores
on its "scaffolds". This is where bone cells can eventually settle, grow and then
completely displace the biodegradable scaffold. Scientists removed CDI 17 cells from
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bone marrow that remained after hip-replacement surgical operations. These cells
develop into primordial bone cells, also known as osteoblasts. The latter were
syringed on top of the bone scaffolds in a gel that was created to nourish the CDI 17
cells as well as support them. In the final step, scientists sew scaffolds under the skin
on the backs of laboratory mice. After 15 weeks the scaffold had turned into human
bone.
选项：3D 打印机可以打印3D image；（⼲扰项）

打印机打的scaffold是biodegradable；
打印机⾥的ink是⾃然存在的化学物质（正确答案）。
4. Mount Everest
原⽂：In the year 1852, a clerk rushed into the chamber of Sir Andrew Waugh,
India's surveyor general, and exclaimed that a Bengali computer named Radhanath
Sikhdar, working out of the Survey's Calcutta bureau, had discovered the highest
mountain in the world. In 1865, nine years after Sikhdar's computations had been
confirmed, Waugh bestowed the name Mount Everest on Peak XV, in honor of Sir
George Everest, his predecessor as surveyor general. As it happened, Tibetans who
lived to the north of the great mountain already had a more mellifluous name for it,
Jomolungma, which translates to "goddess, mother of the word," and Nepalis who
resided to the south called the peak Sagarmatha, "goddess of the sky", But Waugh
pointedly chose to ignore these native apellations (as well as official policy
encouraging the retention of local or ancient names), and Everest was the name that
stuck.
问题：作者对这座⼭峰的命名持什么态度?
选项：Waugh不该以前辈的名字命名；（正确答案）
应该根据Tibet和Nepail起名；
应该起名为Nepail因为坐落在Nepail；
不该起名为Everest；（正确答案）
应该保持Peak XV。
5. Snow melt
原⽂：Large forest fires have occurred more frequently in the western United States
since the mid-1980s as spring temperatures increased, mountain snows melted earlier
and summers got hotter, according to new research. Almost seven times more
forested federal land burned during the 1987-2003 period than during the prior 17
years. In addition, large fires occurred about four times more often during the latter
period. The research is the most systematic analysis to date of recent changes in
forest fire activity in the western United States. The increases in fire extent and
frequency are strongly linked to higher March-through-August temperatures and are
most pronounced for mid-elevation forests in the northern Rocky Mountains. The
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new finding points to climate change, not fire suppression policies and forest fuel
accumulation, as the primary driver of recent increases in large forest fires.
6. Totalism
要点：很短的⽂章，讲totalism集权主义。
问：集权和民主的相似点是什么？
7. Introvert and Extrovert Manager

要点：⽐较introvert和extrovert manager的优劣。
选项：introvert更适合快速变化的环境以及quiet manager更易于与直⾔的
员⼯⼯作；
People have biases on introverts；
Extrovert leaders and proactive members can't work together.。
8. Electronic buses
要点：关于新能源公交车，提到两个公司，公司1占有60%的市场份额。
government购买这种bus to be environmentally friendly。
选项：政府为了环保购买这种bus；（正确答案）
公司1的market share⼤于公司2。（正确答案）
9. Status of women
要点：19世纪后⼥性地位发⽣了变化，不像以前⼀样要那么多孩⼦，很多⼈晚
结婚甚⾄不结婚，在事业上取得了成绩，在学校就职或者成为了⼩说家。
问：19世纪后的变化是什么？
选项：家庭size变⼩；（正确答案）
不结婚在社会上也acceptable；（正确答案）
结婚变得less pupular（⼲扰项）
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RO：
*备考策略: 精读本周预测 > 机经练习
Exam Strategy: Intensive reading of weekly prediction > All Exam Qs
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1. International Economics
1) International Economics: Theory and Policy is a proven approach in which each
half of the book leads with an intuitive introduction to theory and follows with self-
contained chapters to cover key policy applications.
2) The Eighth Edition integrates the latest research, data, and policy in hot topics such
as outsourcing, economic geography, trade and environment, financial derivatives,
the subprime crisis, and China's exchange rate policies.
3)New for the Eighth Edition, all end-of-chapter problems are integrated into
MyEconLab, the online assessment and tutorial system that accompanies the text.
4) Students get instant, targeted feedback, and instructors can encourage practice
without needing to grade work by hand. For more information visit MyEconLab.
(猩际官⽹/APP RO #196)
2. Railway profile
1) Early rails were used on horse drawn wagon ways originally with wooden rails,
but from the 1760s using strap-iron rails, which consisted of thin strips of cast iron
fixed onto wooden rails.
2) These rails were too fragile to carry heavy loads, but because the initial
construction cost was less, this method was sometimes used to quickly build an
inexpensive rail line.
3)However, the long-term expense involved in frequent maintenance outweighed any
savings.
4) These were superseded by cast iron rails that were flanged (i.e. 'L' shaped) and
with the wagon wheels flat.
5) An early proponent of this design was Benjamin Outram. His partner William
Jessop preferred the use of \"edge rails\" in 1789 where the wheels were flanged and,
over time, it was realised that this combination worked better.
6) The first steel rails were made in 1857 by Robert Forester Mushet, who laid them
at Derby station in England. Steel is a much stronger material, which steadily
replaced iron for use on railway rail and allowed much longer lengths of rails to be
rolled.
3. EU fishing 🔥
1) The European Union has two big fish problems.
2) One is that, partly as a result of its failure to manage them properly, its\rown
fisheries can no longer meet European demand.
3)The other is that its governments won't confront their fishing lobbies and
decommission all the surplus boats.
4) The EU has tried to solve both problems by sending its fishermen to West Africa.
Since 1979 it has struck agreements with the government of Senegal, granting our
fleets access to its waters.
5) As a result, Senegal's marine ecosystem has started to go the same way as ours.
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4. Children's verbal skills

1）Many young children are inexperienced in dealing with emotional upheaval.
2）As a result, they lack the coping strategies that many adults have.
3）In particular, many young children lack the verbal skills to express their emotions
and to effectively communicate their need for emotional support.
4) The frustration of not being able to effectively communicate may manifest itself in
alternative behaviors.
5. Game
1）Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have long been intrigued by
games, and not just as a way of avoiding work.
2）Games provide an ideal setting to explore important elements of the design of

cleverer machines, such as pattern recognition, learning and planning.
3）Ever since the stunning victory of Deep Blue, a program running on an IBM
supercomputer, over Gary Kasparov, then world chess champion, in 1997, it has been
clear that computers would dominate that particular game.
4）Today, though, they are pressing the attack on every front.
6. Mission
1) Early in 1938, Mario de Andrade, the municipal secretary of culture here,
dispatched a four- member Folklore Research Mission to the northeastern hinterlands
of Brazil on a similar mission.
2) The intention was to record as much music as possible as quickly as possible,

before encroaching influences like radio and cinema began transforming the region’s
distinctive culture.
3) They recorded whoever and whatever seemed to be interesting: piano carriers,

cowboys, beggars, voodoo priests, quarry workers, fishermen, dance troupes and
even children at play.
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4) But the Brazilian mission’s collection ended up languishing in vaults here.
7. Greener technologies
1) Engineers are much needed to develop greener technologies, he says.
2) “The energy sector has a fantastic skills shortage at all levels, both now and
looming over it for the next 10 years,” he says.
3) Not only are there some good career opportunities, but there's a lot of money going
into the research side, too.
4) With the pressures of climate change and the energy gap, in the last few years
funding from the research councils has probably doubled.
8. New ventures
1) New Ventures is a program that helps entrepreneurs in some of the world's most
dynamic, emerging economies--Brazil, China, Colombia, India, Indonesia and
Mexico.
2) We have facilitated more than $203 million in investment, and worked with 250
innovative businesses whose goods and services produce clear, measurable
environmental benefits, such as clean energy, efficient water use, and sustainable
agriculture.
3) Often they also address the challenges experienced by the world's poor.
4) For example, one of the companies we work with in China, called Ecostar,
refurbishes copy machines from the United States and re-sells or leases them for 20
percent less than a branded photocopier.
9. Foreign aid
1) By the beginning in the 1990s, foreign aid had begun to slowly improve.
2) Scrutiny by the news media shamed many developed countries into curbing their
bad practices.
3) Today, the projects of organizations like the World Bank are meticulously
inspected by watchdog groups.
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4) Although the system is far from perfect, it is certainly more transparent than it was
when foreign aid routinely helped ruthless dictators stay in power.
10. Mother of Storms

1）Unlike Barnes' previous books, Mother of Storms has a fairly large cast of
viewpoint characters.
2）This usually irritates me, but I didn't mind it here, and their interactions are well-
handled and informative, although occasionally in moving those about the author's
manipulations are a bit blatant. (Especially when one character's ex-girlfriend, who
has just undergone a sudden and not entirely credible change in personality, is swept
up by a Plot Device in Shining Armor and transported directly across most of Mexico
and a good bit of the States to where she happens to bump into another viewpoint
character.）
3）They're not all necessarily good guys, either, although with the hurricanes
wreaking wholesale destruction upon the world's coastal areas, ethical categories tend
to become irrelevant."
4）But even the Evil American Corporate Magnate is a pretty likable guy.
11. Science and technology

1）It is a truism to say that in 21st century society science and technology are
important.
2）Human existence in the developed world is entirely dependent on some fairly

recent developments in science and technology.
3）Whether this is good or bad is, of course, up for argument.
4）But the fact that science underlies our lives, our health, our work, our
communications, our entertainment and our transport is undeniable.
12. Computer science
1）Why Applied Computer Science?
2）Our Applied Computer Science major is all about giving you the skills to solve
computer-related problems.
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3）With rapid advances in technology and new applications being developed
constantly, it is hard to say what those problems will be.
4）One thing is for sure, though, it is going to be exciting finding out.
13. Speaking English

1）Anyone wanting to get to the top of international business, medicine or academia
(but possibly not sport) needs to be able to speak English to a pretty high level.
2）Equally, any native English speaker wanting to deal with these new high
achievers needs to know how to talk without baffling them.
3）Because so many English-speakers today are monoglots, they have little idea how
difficult it is to master another language.
4）Many think the best way to make foreigners understand is to be chatty and
informal.
5）This may seem friendly but, as it probably involves using colloquial expressions,
it makes comprehension harder.
14. The job of a manager
1) The job of a manager in the workplace is to get things done through employees.
2) In order to accomplish this, the manager should be able to motivate employees.
3)That is, however, easier said than done.
4) Motivation practice and theory are difficult subjects, encompassing various
disciplines.
15. Copernicanism
1）The expanding influence of Copernicanism（哥⽩尼学说） through the
seventeenth century transformed not only the natural philosophic leanings of
astronomers but also the store of conceptual material accessible to writers of fiction.
2）During this period of scientific revolution, a new literary genre arose, namely that
of the scientific cosmic voyage
3）Scientists and writers alike constructed fantastical tales in which fictional

characters journey to the moon, sun, and planets.
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4）In so doing, they discover that these once remote worlds are themselves earth-like
in character.
5）Descriptions of these planetary bodies as terrestrial in kind demonstrate the

seventeenth century intellectual shift from the Aristotelian to the Copernican
framework.
16. Reaction
1）A reaction that needs some type of energy to make it go is said to be endothermic.
It takes in energy.
2）For example, the sherbet you used for the chapter problem on page 25 is a
mixture of baking soda and citric acid.
3）When it is mixed with water in your mouth, an endothermic reaction occurs,

taking heat energy from your mouth and making it feel cooler.
4）Another example of an endothermic reaction is seen with the cold packs used by
athletes to treat injuries. These packs usually consist of a plastic bag containing
ammonium nitrate dissolves in the water.
5）This process is endothermic-taking heat energy from the surroundings and

cooling the injured part of your body. In this way, the cold pack acts as an ice pack.
17. Heart attack
1) Heart attack is the caused by the sudden blockage of a coronary artery by a blood
clot.
2) When the clot is formed, it will stay in the blood vessels.
3) The clot in blood vessels will block blood flow.
4) Without the normal blood flow, it will cause muscle contraction.
18. Sleep
1）A Technology for recording brainwaves in wild animals awakens a more
sophisticated understanding of the function of sleep. Studies using miniature sleep
recording devices known as neurologgers have already challenged several long-held
beliefs about the sleeping habits of sloths and birds.
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2）Three toed sloths, for example, sleep far less than once thought.
3）And male sandpipers can go almost entirely without sleep during the three-week
breeding season, helping maximize success at that time.
4）Now John Lesku of La Trobe University in Melbourne and his colleagues are
using neurologgers to investigate whether light pollution interferes with the circadian
rhythms of tammar wallabies in Australia.
19. Egyptian temple

1) We know infinitely more about the wealthy people of Egypt than we do about the
ordinary people, as almost all the monuments were made for the rich and influential.
2) Houses in which ordinary Egyptians lived have not been preserved, and when most
people died they were buried in simple graves with few funerary goods.
3) Most of our traditional sources of information about the Old Kingdom are those
concerned with death and the rituals surrounding death: these include pyramids,
tombs and graves, but also statues, reliefs and paintings.
4) Even papyri come mainly from pyramid temples.
5) But this does not mean that death was the Egyptians' only preoccupation.
20. Bird-feeding
1）According to experts, feeding birds is probably the most common way in which
people interact with wild animals today. More than 50 million Americans engage in
the practice, collectively undertaking an unwitting experiment on a vast scale.
2）Is what we're doing good or bad for birds?
3）Recently, researchers at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology sought to answer this

question, analyzing nearly three decades' worth of data from a winter-long survey
called Project FeederWatch.
4）Preliminary results suggest the species visiting our feeders the most are faring
exceptionally well in an age when one-third of the continent's birds need urgent
conservation.
5）Still, what are the consequences of skewing the odds in favor of the small subset
of species inclined to eat at feeders? What about when the bird we’re aiding is
invasive, like our house finch(⼩雀)?
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21. Vegetarian
1) Vegetarians eat only vegetables. They do not eat meat.
2) The school cafeteria provides food according to these vegetarian requirements.
3) Many non-vegetairans also like vegetarian food.
4) This improvement is highly relevant to the increasing population of vegetarians.
22. Pilot
1）After finishing first in his pilot training class, Lindbergh took his first job as the
chief pilot of an airmail route operated by Robertson Aircraft Co. of Lambert Field in
St. Louis, Missouri.
2）He flew the mail in a de Havilland DH-4 biplane to Springfield, Peoria and
Chicago, Illinois.
3）During his tenure on the mail route, he was renowned for delivering the mail
under any circumstances.
4）After a crash, he even salvaged stashes of mail from his burning aircraft and
immediately phoned Alexander Varney, Peoria's airport manager, to advise him to
send a truck.
23. Memory loss

1）In 1992 a retired engineer in San Diego contracted a rare brain disease that wiped
out his memory.
2）Every day he was asked where the kitchen was in his house, and every day he
didn’t have the foggiest idea.
3）Yet whenever he was hungry he got up and propelled himself straight to the
kitchen to get something to eat.
4）Studies of this man led scientists to a breakthrough: the part of our brains where
habits are stored has nothing to do with memory or reason.
24. Solution of issue

1）In general, there is a tendency to underestimate how long it takes to discuss and
resolve an issue on which two people initially have different views.
2）The reason is that achieving agreement requires people to accept the reality of
views different from their own and to accept change or compromise.
3）It is not just a matter of putting forward a set of facts and expecting the other
person immediately to accept the logic of the exposition.
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4）They (and probably you) have to be persuaded and helped to feel comfortable
about the outcome that is eventually agreed.
5）People need time to make this adjustment in attitude and react badly to any
attempt to rush them into an agreement.
25. United nation conferences

1）Conferences have played a key role in guiding the work of the United Nations
since its very inception.
2）In fact, the world body was born when delegates from 50 nations met in San
Francisco in April 1945 for the United Nations Conference on International
Organization.
3）The recent high-profile conferences on development issues, which have continued
a series that began in the 1970s, have broken new ground in many areas: by involving
Presidents, Prime Ministers and other heads of state - as pioneered at the 1990 World
Summit for Children.
4）These events have put long-term, difficult problems like poverty and
environmental degradation at the top of the global agenda.
5）These problems otherwise would not have the political urgency to grab front-page
headlines and command the attention of world leaders.
26. Glow worm

1）The Newnes railroad was closed in 1932 after 25 years of shipping oil  
shale(页岩).
2）The rails were pulled out of the 600-meter tunnel, which had been bored  
through the sandstone in the Wollemi National Park, and the tunnel was left  
to its own devices.
3）For Newnes, that meant becoming home to thousands and thousands of  
glow worms.
4）The glow worm is a catch-all name for the bioluminescent larvae of various  
species, in this case, the Arachnocampa richardsae, a type of fungus gnat.
5）Found in massive numbers in caves, the fungus gnat larvae cling to the rocky  
walls of the abandoned tunnel and hunt with long, glowing strings of sticky mucus.
27. Dropout
1) Educators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the
doctor of philosophy candidates and the consequent loss of talent to a nation in need
of Ph. D. s.
2) Some have placed the dropouts loss as high as 50 percent.
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3) The extent of the loss was, however, largely a matter of expert guessing. Last week
a well-rounded study was published.
4) It was published. It was based on 22,000 questionnaires sent to former graduate
students who were enrolled in 24 universities and it seemed to show many past fears
to be groundless.
28. Calf experiment

1) To gauge optimism and pessimism, the researchers set up an experiment involving
22 calves.
2) Before they started the experiment, they trained the calves to understand which of
their choices would lead to a reward.
3) In the training, each calf entered a small pen and found a wall with five holes
arranged in a horizontal line, two-and-a-half feet apart.
4) The hole at one end contained milk from a bottle, while the hole at the opposite
end contained only an empty bottle and delivered a puff of air in calvesl faces.
5) The calves learned quickly which side of the pen held the milk reward.
29. World feeding

1) Weill likely have two billion more mouths to feed by mid-century — more than
nine billion people.
2) But sheer population growth isn't the only reason welll need more food.
3) The spread of prosperity across the world, especially in China and India, is driving
an increased demand for meat, eggs, and dairy, boosting pressure to grow more corn
and soybeans to feed more cattle, pigs, and chickens.
4) If these trends continue, the double whammy of population growth and richer diets
will require us to roughly double the amount of crops we grow by 2050.
30. Walmart
1) Majority of Walmart customer have less money ‘at the end of the month.’
2) This was cause from lending of U.S.
3) This trend if confirmed will cause more trouble.
4) This damage is manageable.
31. Art history

1) Art history is the study of objects of art in their historical development and stylistic
contexts.
2) The study includes painting, sculpture, architecture, ceramics, furniture, and other
decorative objects.
3) Art history is the history of different groups of people and their culture represented
throughout their artwork.
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4) Art historians compare different time periods in art history.
5) As a term, art history (its product being history of art) encompasses several
methods of studying the visual arts; in common usage referring to works of art and
architecture.
32. Common mistake

1) Another common mistake is to ignore or rule out data which do not support the
hypothesis.
2) Ideally, the experimenter is open to the possibility that the hypothesis is correct or
incorrect.
3)Sometimes, however, a scientist may have a strong belief that the hypothesis is true
(or false), or feels internal or external pressure to get a specific result.
4) In that case, there may be a psychological tendency to find "something wrong",
such as systematic effects, with data which do not support the scientist's expectations,
while data which do agree with those expectations may not be checked as carefully.
5) The lesson is that all data must be handled in the same way.
33. Language skills

1) It is wrong, however, to exaggerate the similarity between language and other
cognitive skills, because language stands apart in several ways.
2) For one thing, the use of language is universal—all normally developing children
learn to speak at least one language, and many learn more than one.
3)By contrast, not everyone becomes proficient at complex mathematical reasoning,
few people learn to paint well, and many people cannot carry a tune.
4) Because everyone is capable of learning to speak and understand language, it may
seem to be simple.
5) But just the opposite is true—language is one of the most complex of all human
cognitive abilities.
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Reading FIB：
备考策略: 精读本周预测 > 机经练习

注意: 近期考试中出现很多换词换空的情况，⼀定要精读理解整篇⽂章，不要
背答案。
Exam Strategy: Intensive reading of weekly prediction > All Exam Qs

Note: Blank positions are often changing in recent exams. Make sure you understand
the whole passage. Do not memorize the answers.
95/162
1. Transport problems
Despite transport problems being a topic of frequent dinner table conversation,
comprehensive assessment of policy directions for transport has been the subject of
remarkably little academic analysis. This chapter introduces the scope of the book,
which is intended to help redress this shortcoming . The primary focus is on urban
transport policy, with the emphasis being on policy analysis rather than analysis of
the policy process. Importantly, the chapter sets out some key propositions that have
been important in shaping the authors 'approach to the particular matters that are
considered in subsequent chapters.
其他选项：ealier, understanding, modern
(猩际官⽹/APP FIBR#200)
2. Warfare orality
The morality of the welfare state depends on contribution and responsibility. Since
some people don't contribute and many are irresponsible, the choices of those who do
contribute and are responsible are either to tolerate the free riders, refuse to pay for
the effects of their irresponsibility or trust the state to educate them.
其他选项：compel, forge, lack
3. American people
The American People: Creating a Nation and a Society examines U.S. history as
revealed through the experiences of all Americans, both ordinary and extraordinary.
With a thought-provoking and rich presentation, the authors explore the complex
lives of Americans of all national origins and cultural backgrounds, at all levels of
society, and in all regions of the country.
其他选项：beliefs, materials, events
4. Australian women novelist

In the literary world, it was an accepted assumption that the 1970s was a time of
unprecedented growth in homegrown Australian fiction. And everybody was reading
and talking about books by young Australian women. But it was not until recently
that a researcher was able to measure just how many novels were published in that
decade, and she found that there had been a decline in novels by Australian writers
overall, but confirmed an increase in women's novels. It is this sort of research -
testing ideas about literary history - that is becoming possible with the spread of
'Digital Humanities.' The intersection of Humanities and digital technologies is
opening up opportunities in the fields of literature, linguistics, history and language
that were not possible without computational methods and digitised resources to
bring information together in an accessible way. Transcription software is being
developed for turning scans of books and documents into text, as the field of digital
humanities really takes off.
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其他选项： until right now, takes over, is impossible, operate， were impossible
unless
5. Steven Pinker
Steven Pinker, a cognitive psychologist best known for his book "The Language
Instinct", has called music "auditory cheesecake, an exquisite confection crafted to
tickle the sensitive spots of at least six of our mental faculties." If it vanished from
our species, he said, "the rest of our lifestyle would be virtually unchanged." Others
have argued that, on the contrary, music, along with art and literature, is part of what
makes people human; its absence would have a brutalising effect. Philip Ball, a
British science writer and an avid music enthusiast, comes down somewhere in the
middle. He says that music is ingrained in our auditory, cognitive and motor
functions. We have a music instinct as much as a language instinct, and could not rid
ourselves of it if we tried.
其他选项：sense, contrast, remained
6. Cheating
Although not written about extensively, a few individuals have considered the
concept and act of cheating in history as well as contemporary culture. J. Barton
Bowyer writes that cheating "is the advantageous distortion of perceived reality. The
advantage falls to the cheater because the cheated person misperceives what is
assumed to be the real world". The cheater is taking advantage of a person, a
situation, or both. Cheating also involves the "distortion of perceived reality" or what
others call "deception". Deception can involve hiding the "true" reality or "showing"
reality in a way intended to deceive others.
其他选项：later, life, perceives
7. Daniel Harris
Daniel Harris, a scholar of consumption and style, has observed that until
photography finally supplanted ，illustration as the "primary means of advertising
clothing" in the 1950s, glamor inhered less in the face of the drawing, which was by
necessity schematic and generalized, than in the sketch's attitude, posture, and
gestures, especially in the strangely dainty positions of the hands. Glamour once
resided so emphatically in the stance of the model that the faces in the illustrations
cannot really be said to have expressions at all, but angles or tilts. The chin raised
upwards in a haughty look; the eyes lowered in an attitude of introspection; the head
cocked at an inquisitive or coquettish angle: or the profile presented in sharp outline,
emanating power the severity like an emperor's bust embossed on a Roman coin .
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其他选项：adhered, memories, supplanted, embossed, notifications, regarded, state,
coin
8. Reasoning essence
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of
reasoning lies in the putting together of two 'behavior segments' in some novel way,
never actually performed before, so as to reach a goal. Two followers of Clark Hull,
Howard and Tracey Kendler, devised a test for children that was explicitly based on
Clark Hull's principles. The children were given the task of learning to operate a
machine so as to get a toy.In order to succeed they had to go through a two-stage
sequence.
其他选项：new, manipulate, demonstrated, conceived
9. Radioactivity
So why is it a concern? It is because radioactivity is invisible and unsensed, and for
that reason is perceived as scary. Nevertheless , we understand quite well the
radiation levels to which people can be exposed without harm, and those levels are
orders of magnitude above the typical background levels.
10. Well-being
Life in the UK 2012 provides a unique overview of well-being in the UK today. The
report is the first snapshot of life in the UK to be delivered by the Measuring National
Well-being programme and will be updated and published annually. Well-being is
discussed in terms of the economy, people and the environment. Information such as
the unemployment rate or number of crimes against the person are presented
alongside data on people’s thoughts and feelings, for example, satisfaction with our
jobs or leisure time and fear of crime. Together, a richer picture on ‘how society is
doing’ is provided.
其他选项：range, busy, ideas, hordes, set
11. Leading scientists
The Life Science Institute at the University of Michigan achieves excellence in
biomedical research by bringing together the world's leading scientists from a variety
of life science disciplines to accelerate breakthroughs and discoveries that will
improve human health. With close to 400 scientific staff members, the LSI is
exploiting the power of a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach to biomedical
research in an open-laboratory facility.
其他选项：ambitions, quit, positive
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12. The writing on the wall

The inevitable consequences include rampant corruption, an absence of globally
competitive Chinese companies, chronic waste of resources, rampant environmental
degradation and soaring inequality. Above all, the monopoly over power of an
ideologically bankrupt communist party is inconsistent with the pluralism of opinion,
security of property and vibrant competition on which a dynamic economy depends.
As a result, Chinese development remains parasitic on know-how and institutions
developed elsewhere.
其他选项：conclude, consistent, slowly, improvement, inconsiderate
13. Low fertility

Low fertility is a concern for many OECD countries as they face the prospect of
population aging. This article makes comparisons between Australia and seven other
OECD countries in fertility rates between 1970 and 2004. Changing age patterns of
fertility are also compared and show that for most of the countries, women are
postponing childbirth and having fewer babies. The associations of women's
education levels and rates of employment with fertility are also explored.
其他选项：sense, accelerating, gaps, notions
14. Treat students
In reality, however, the causes of truancy and non-attendance are diverse and
multifaceted. There are as many causes of non-attendance as there are non-attenders.
Each child has her own unique story, and whilst there may often be certain
identifiable factors in common, each non-attending child demands and deserves an
individual response, tailored to meet her individual needs. This applies equally to the
14-year-old who fails to attend school because a parent is terminally ill, the
overweight 11 -year-old who fails to attend because he is embarrassed about
changing for PE in front of peers, the 15-year-old who is 'bored' by lessons, and to the
seven-year-old who is teased in the playground because she does not wear the latest
designer-label clothes.
其他选项：embarrassing, reluctant, same, explicit, implicit, requires
15. Microorganism
Although for centuries preparations derived from living matter were applied to
wounds to destroy infection ,the fact that a microorganism is capable of destroying
one of another species was not established until the latter half of the 19th century.
When Pasteur noted the antagonistic effect of other bacteria on the anthrax organism
and pointed out that this action might be put to therapeutic use.
其他选项：convinced, contamination, material
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16. Kashmiri
Two decades ago, Kashmiri houseboat-owners rubbed their hands every spring at the
prospect of the annual influx of tourists . From May to October, the hyacinth-choked
waters of Dal Lake saw flotillas of vividly painted Shikaras carrying Indian families,
boho westerners, young travellers and wide-eyed Japanese. Carpet-sellers honed their
skills, as did purveyors of anything remotely embroidered while the house boats
initiated by the British Raj provided unusual accommodation . Then, in 1989,
separatist and Islamist militancy attacked and everything changed. Hindus and
countless Kashmiri business people bolted , at least 35,000 people were killed in a
decade, the lake stagnated, and the houseboats rotted. Any foreigners venturing there
risked their lives , proved in 1995 when five young Europeans were kidnapped and
murdered.
其他选项：land, prediction, income, competed, situation, tourists, money, life
17. Roman People

The Roman people had at first been inclined to regard the French Revolution with
either indifference or derision. But as the months went by and the emigres who
remained in the city were less and less hopeful of an early return home, the mood of
the Romans became increasingly antagonistic towards the 'assassins of Paris'. The
nationalization of Church property in France, the confiscation of papal territories, the
dwindling of contributions and the paucity of tourists and pilgrims all contributed to
an exacerbation of this antagonism. When the French Convention, determined to gain
international recognition for the Republic, dispatched envoys to Rome, the people
turned upon them in fury.
其他选项：delivered, division, cheerful
18. Absenteeism
Absence from work is a costly and disruptive problem for any organization. The cost
of absenteeism in Australia has been put at 1.8 million hours per day or $1400 million
annually. The study reported here was conducted in the Prince William Hospital in
Brisbane, Australia, where, prior to this time, few active steps HAD been taken to
measure, understand or manage the occurrence of absenteeism.
19. Music
What is music? In one sense, this is an easy question . Even the least musical among
us can recognize pieces of music when we hear them and name a few canonical
examples . We know there are different kinds of music and, even if our knowledge of
music is restricted, we know which kinds we like and which kinds we do not.
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其他选项： issue, classes, volume
20. Octopus
If consciousness comes in degrees, then how far along on the spectrum is the
octopus? Octopuses almost certainly feel pain. They nurse and protect injured body
parts, and slow a preference not to be touched near wounds. In addition to feeling
pain, octopuses also have sophisticated sensory capacities: excellent eyesight, and
acute sensitivity to taste and smell. This, together with their large nervous systems
and complex behavior makes it all but certain. The question of what subjective
experience might be like for an octopus is complicated by the odd relationship
between its brain and body.
其他选项： exquisite, made, simple, hurting
21. Pullman
Built in 1880 on 4,000 acres of land outside of the Chicago city limits, Pullman,
Illinois, was the first industrial planned community in the United States. George
Pullman, of the Pullman railroad Car Company, built the south residential portion of
the company town first, which contained 531 houses , some of which stand today
more or less as they did originally.
其他选项： factories, workers, soil
22. McLuhan
McLuhan's preeminent theory was his idea that human history could be divided into
four eras: the acoustic age, the literary age, the print age and the electronic age. He
outlined the concept in a 1962 book called The Gutenberg Galaxy, which was
released just as the television was starting to become popular. He predicted the world
was entering the fourth, electronic age, which would be characterized by a
community of people brought together by technology. He called it the "global
village", and said it would be an age when everyone had access to the same
information through technology. The "global village" could be understood to be the
internet.
其他选项： closed, highlighted, will, submerged, described
23. Pewter
Pewter is an attractive metal which has been used for the production of household
and other items in Britain since Roman times. It is an alloy consisting mostly of tin
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which has been mixed with small amounts of other metals such as copper, lead or
antimony to harden it and make it more durable.
其他选项：prompted, dried, enforcement, soften, creativity, challenges, containing,
distribution
24. Canada gallery
An exhibit that brings together for the first time landscapes painted by French
impressionist Pierre-Auguste Renoir comes to the National gallery of Canada this
June. The gallery in Ottawa worked with the National Gallery of London and the
Philadelphia Museum of Art to pull together the collection of 60 Renoir paintings
from 45 public and private collections.
其他选项：pull, paintings, comes, time, gets, masterpiece, gather
25. Kids Distinguish Commercial Ads
From a child's point of view, what is the purpose of TV advertising? Is advertising on
TV done to give actors the opportunity to take a rest or practice their lines ? Or is it
done to make people buy things? Furthermore, is the main difference between
programs and commercials that commercials are for real, whereas programs are not,
or that programs are for kids and commercials for adults? As has been shown several
times in the literature (e.g. Butter et al. 1981 Donohue, Henke, and Donohue 1980
Macklin 1983 and 1987 Robertson and Rossiter 1974 Stephens and Stutts 1982),
some children are able to distinguish between programs and commercials and are
aware of the intent of TV advertising, whereas others are not.
其他选项：known, excercise, disparity, conflict, tell
26. Mini helicopter 🔥

A mini helicopter modeled on flying tree seeds could soon be flying overhead. Evan
Ulrich and colleagues at the University of Maryland in College Park turned to the
biological world for inspiration to build a scaled-down helicopter that could mimic
the properties of full-size aircraft. The complex design of full-size helicopters gets
less efficient when shrunk, meaning that standard mini helicopters expend most of
their power simply fighting to stay stable in the air. The researchers realized that a
simpler aircraft designed to stay stable passively would use much less power and
reduce manufacturing costs to boot. It turns out that nature had beaten them to it. The
seeds of trees such as the maple have a single-blade structure that allows them to fly
far away and drift safely to the ground. These seeds, known as samaras, need no
engine to spin through the air, thanks to a process called autorotation. By analyzing
the behavior of the samara with high-speed cameras, Ulrich and his team
were able to copy its design. The samara copter is not the first single-winged
helicopter– one was flown in 1952, and others have been attempted since – but it is
the first to take advantage of the samara's autorotation. This allows Ulrich's vehicle to
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perform some neat tricks, such as falling safely to the ground if its motor fails or
using vertical columns of air to stay aloft indefinitely. “We can turn off the motor and
autorotate, which requires no power to sustain,” says Ulrich.
其他选项：caught, makes, conceive, flurish, tells
27. Economists and Ecologists

There is a pointless argument between economists and ecologists over which crisis is
more important - the ecosphere or the economy? The materialist answer is that their
fates are interlinked. We know the natural world only by interacting with it and
transforming it: nature produced us that way. Even if, as some supporters of 'deep
ecology' argue , the earth would be better off without us, it is to us that the task of
saving it falls.
其他选项：reply, state, answer, crisis
28. Shipwrecks 🔥
The few people who live in Alaska's the Aleutian Islands have long been accustomed
to shipwrecks. They have been part of local consciousness since a Japanese whaling
ship ran aground near the western end of the 1,100-mile (1,800-km) volcanic
archipelago in 1780, inadvertently naming what is now Rat Island when the ship's
infestation scurried ashore and made itself at home. Since then, there have been at
least 190 shipwrecks in the islands.
其他选项：areas, ran, ashore, archipelago, scurried, aground
29. Dog emotion
Can dogs tell when we are happy, sad or angry? As a dog owner, I feel confident not
only that I can tell what kind of emotional state my pets are in, but also that they
respond to my emotions. Yet as a hard-headed scientist, I try to take a more rational
and pragmatic view. These personal observations seem more likely to result from my
desire for a good relationship with my dogs.
其他选项：confidential, ethological, conclusions
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Reading FIB_RW
备考策略: 精读本周预测 > 机经练习
注意: 近期考试中出现很多换词换空的情况，⼀定要精读理解整篇⽂
章，不要背答案。
Exam Strategy: Intensive reading weekly prediction > All Exam Qs

Note: Blank positions are often changing in recent exams. Make sure you
understand the whole passage. Do not memorize the answers.
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1. Linda Finch
Over sixty years after Amelia Earhart vanished mysteriously in the Pacific during her
attempt to become the first person to circumnavigate the world along the equator,
Linda Finch, a San Antonio businesswoman, accomplished pilot, and aviation
historian, recreated and completed her idol's last flight as a tribute to the aviation
pioneer's spirit and vision. On March 17, 1997, Ms. Finch and a navigator took off
from Oakland International Airport, California, in a restored Lockheed Electra 10E,
the same make and model aircraft that Earhart used on her last journey. The mission
to fulfill Amelia Earhart's dream was called “World Flight 1997.” Although Ms.
Finch was not the first to attempt Earhart's around-the-world journey, she was the
first to do it in a historic airplane. Linda Finch closely followed the same route that
Earhart flew, stopping in 18 countries before finishing the trip two and a half months
later when she landed back at the Oakland Airport on May 28. Over a million school
children and others were able to follow the flight daily through an interactive web site
part of a free multimedia educational program called “You Can Soar,” provided by
the project's sponsor.
(猩际官⽹/APP FIBWR#658)
2. Water Security
Equally critical is the challenge of water security. The UN Environment Programme
(UNEP) has pointed out that about one- third of the world's population lives in
countries with moderate to high water stress, with a disproportionate impact on the
poor. With current projected global population growth, the task of providing water for
human sustenance will become increasingly difficult. And increasing competition
over this scarce but vital resource may fuel instability and conflict within states as
well as between states. The UN is doing a great deal in both areas to proactively
foster collaboration among Member States. UNEP has long been actively addressing
the water issue together with partner UN agencies and other organizations. Looking
ahead, the UN can do more to build synergies of technology, policy and capacity in
this field. In this regard, events like the annual World Water Week in Stockholm come
to the forefront of the public mind when talking about championing water issues.
1）serious equal disproportionate improper
2) sustainability living maintenance sustenance
3) conflict collaboration association merging
4) agencies cooperates partners companies
3. Nutrition scientist 🔥
Since nutrition scientists are constantly making new discoveries, we need to revise
our recommendations for healthy eating from time to time. However, nutrition is an
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art as well as a science . It's an art because it requires creativity to develop a healthy
eating plan for people who differ in their food preferences, beliefs and culture, let
alone in their nutritional needs according to their genes and life stage. As we discover
more about how our genes and our environment interact , it's becoming increasingly
difficult to provide a single set of dietary recommendations that will be suitable for
everyone.
1）recommendations purposes comments criticism
2) topic philosiphy technology science
3）collaborate intermingle interact disrupt
4) suitable convenient cheap accessible
4. Chemistry 🔥
Chemistry is an extremely important topic in physiology. Most physiological
processes occur as the result of chemical changes that occur within the body. These
changes include the influx/efflux of ions across a neuron's membrane, causing a
signal to pass from one end to the other. Other examples include the storage of
oxygen in the blood by a protein as it passes through the lungs for usage throughout
the body.
1）rule background cause result
2) signal change shortcut circuit
3）consumption creation dissolution storage
4) passes rushes breaks crosses
5) usage share transmission coverage
5. Settlement
Over the last ten thousand years there seem to have been two separate and conflicting
building sentiments throughout the history of towns and cities. One is the desire to
start again, for a variety of reasons: an earthquake or a tidal wave may have
demolished the settlement, or fire destroyed it, or the new city marks a new political
beginning. The other can be likened to the effect of a magnet: established settlements
attract people, who tend to come whether or not there is any planning for their arrival.
The clash between these two sentiments is evident in every established city unless its
development has been almost completely accidental or is lost in history. Incidentally,
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many settlements have been planned from the beginning but, for a variety of reasons,
no settlement followed the plan. A good example is Currowan, on the Clyde River in
New South Wales, which was surveyed in the second half of the 19th century, in
expectation that people would come to establish agriculture and a small port. But no
one came.
1）highlights marks protrudes starts
2) if unless until after
3) has were had was
4) surveys generated survey surveyed
5) which that one nobody
(猩际官⽹/APP FIBWR #579)
6. Bees
Bees need two different kinds of food. One is honey made from nectar, which
actually is a fluid that is collected in the heart of the flowers to encourage pollination
by insects and other animals. Secondly, come from pollen, it is fine powdery
substance in yellow, consisting of microscopic grains stored from the male part of a
flower or from a male cone. It contains a male gamete that can fertilize the female
ovule, which is transferred by wind, insects or other animals.
1）discourage spread encourage promote
2) reserved stored saved retained
3) collected transferred transmitted delivered
7. Sales activities
Organizations need to integrate their sales activities more both internally and with
customers' needs according to a new book co-authored by an academic at the
University of East Anglia. The book addresses how sales can help organizations to
become more customer oriented and considers how they are responding to challenges
such as increasing competition, more demanding customers and a more complex
selling environment. Many organizations are facing escalating costs and a growth in
customer power, which makes it necessary to allocate resources more strategically.
The sales function can provide critical customer and market knowledge to help
inform both innovation and marketing. However, the authors say that within the
industry there is still uncertainty about the shape a future sales team should take, how
it should be managed, and how it fits into their organizations business model.
1）illustrates mentions addresses emphasizes
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2) friendly needy demanding aggressive
3) which that this where
4) this that there which
5) applies integrates fits develops
8. Hard work
It is important to emphasize the need for hard work as an essential part of studying
law, because far too many students are tempted to think that they can succeed by
relying on what they imagine to be their natural ability, without bothering to add the
expenditure of effort. To take an analogy some people prefer the more or less instant
gratification which comes from watching television adaptation of a classic novel to
the rather more laborious process of reading the novel itself. Those who prefer
watching television to reading the book are less likely to study law successfully,
unless they rapidly acquire a taste for text-based materials.
1）not emphasize notice remember
2) satisfaction enjoyment gratification excitement
3) simple laborious effortless complex
4) enjoy like prefer interest
5) idea knowledge taste motivation

9. Private school
要点：Private schools in the UK are redoubling their marketing efforts to foreigners.
Almost a third of the 68,000 boarding pupils at such schools already come from
overseas. But now, with many UK residents unwilling or unable to afford the fee - top
boarding schools edging towards ￡30,000 ($49,759) a year - and a cultural shift
away from boarding, many schools are looking abroad to survive. Overseas students
now account for about …
1）never already yet oftern
2) incapalbe eager unwilling afraid
3) along down towards away
4) switch transfer shift change
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5) count allocate account portion

10. Politics disciplines
This course provides students with an in-depth understanding of the exciting
disciplines of politics and international relations and commerce. Students will learn
about the workings of political institutions in countries around the world and explore
the complex field of relations between nations. Topics in governance, public policy,
public administration, national security, border control and commerce ensure that
students receive a broad and current education in the range of issues which are
covered under the label of politics and international relations and commerce. In
addition to acquiring specialist knowledge and competencies in Politics and
International Relations and Commerce, students will graduate with a range of generic
skills such as critical thinking, enhanced communication abilities, problem solving
and strong capacities to work with others. They will also develop ethically based and
socially responsible attitudes and behaviors.
11. Opportunity cost

Opportunity cost incorporates the notion of scarcity: No matter what we do, there is
always a trade-off. We must trade off one thing for another because resources are
limited and can be used in different ways. By acquiring something, we use up
resources that could have been used to acquire something else. The notion of
opportunity cost allows us to measure this trade-off. Most decisions involve several
alternatives. For example, if you spend an hour studying for an economics exam, you
have one fewer hour to pursue other activities. To determine the opportunity cost of
an activity, we look at what you consider the best of these “other” activities. For
example, suppose the alternatives to studying economics are studying for a history
exam or working in a job that pays $10 per hour. If you consider studying for history
a better use of your time than working, then the opportunity cost of studying
economics is the four extra points you could have received on a history exam if you
studied history instead of economics. Alternatively, if working is the best alternative,
the opportunity cost of studying economics is the $10 you could have earned instead.
1）notion use probability idea
2) trade offset trade-off provision
3) involve include were involving have involved
4) change host pursue launch
5) grasp raise reduce determine
6) worst best worse better

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12. Emperor penguin

The emperor is the giant of the penguin world and the most iconic of the birds of
Antarctica. Gold patches on their ears and on the top of their chest brighten up their
black heads. Emperors and their closest relative, the king penguin, have unique
breeding cycles, with very long chick-rearing periods. The emperor penguins breed
the furthest south of any penguin species, forming large colonies on the sea-ice
surrounding the Antarctic continent. They are true Antarctic birds, rarely seen in the
subantarctic waters. So that the chicks can fledge in the late summer season,
emperors breed during the cold, dark winter, with temperatures as low at - 50°C and
winds up to 200 km per hour. They trek 50–120 km (30–75 mls) over the ice to
breeding colonies which may include thousands of individuals. The female lays a
single egg in May then passes it over to her mate to incubate whilst she goes to sea to
feed. For nine weeks the male fasts, losing 45% of his body weight. The male
balances the egg on his feet, which are covered in a thick roll of skin and feathers.
The egg can be 70°C warmer than the outside temperature.
1）seen have seen seeing see
2) up out off on
3) after before while whilst
4) protecting protected covered covering
13. Seatbelt
I am a cyclist and a motorist. I fasten my seatbelt when I drive and wear a helmet on
my bike to reduce the risk of injury. I am convinced that these are prudent safety
measures. I have persuaded many friends to wear helmets on the grounds that
transplant surgeons call those without helmets, "donors on wheels". But a book on
‘Risk' by my colleague John Adams has made me re-examine my convictions .Adams
has completely undermined my confidence in these apparently sensible precautions.
What he has persuasively argued, particularly in relation to seat belts, is that the
evidence that they do what they are supposed to do is very suspect. This is in spite of
numerous claims that seat belts save many thousands of lives every year. There is
remarkable data on the years 1970 and 1978 countries in which the wearing of seat
belts is compulsory have had on average about 5 per cent more road accident deaths
following the introduction of the law. In the UK, road deaths have decreased steadily
from about 7,000 a year in 1972 to just over 4,000 in 1989. There is no evidence in
the trend for any effect of the seat belt law that was introduced in 1983. Moreover,
there is evidence that the number of cyclists and pedestrians killed actually increased
by about 10 per cent.
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1）decisions prejudices minds convictions
2) supported revoked damaged undermined
3) proves in spite of supported regardless
4) introduced approved accepted compulsory
14. Tutankhamun
The last tourists may have been leaving the Valley of the Kings on the West Bank in
Luxor but the area in front of the tomb of Tutankhamun remained far from deserted.
Instead of the tranquillity that usually descends on the area in the evening it was a
hive of activity. TV crews trailed masses of equipment, journalists milled and
photographers held their cameras at the ready. The reason? For the first time since
Howard Carter discovered the tomb in 1922 the mummy of Tutankhamun was being
prepared for public display.
Inside the subterranean burial chamber Egypt's archaeology supremo Zahi Hawass,
accompanied by four Egyptologists, two restorers and three workmen, were slowly
lifting the mummy from the golden sarcophagus where it has been rested -- mostly
undisturbed -- for more than 3,000 years. The body was then placed on a wooden
stretcher and transported to its new home, a high- tech, climate-controlled plexi-glass
showcase located in the outer chamber of the tomb where, covered in linen, with only
the face and feet exposed, it now greets visitors.
1）equality peace equivalence tranquillity
2) showed founded discovered invented
3) commuted moved transported convey
15. Progressive enhancement

Progressive enhancement is a design practice based on the idea that instead of
designing for the least capable browser, or mangling our code to make a site look the
same in every browser, we should provide a core set of functionality and information
to all users, and then progressively enhance the appearance and behavior of the site
for users of more capable browsers. It's very productive development practice. instead
of spending hours working out how to add drop shadows to the borders of an element
in every browser, we simply use the standards-based approach for browsers that
support it and don't even attempt to implement it in browsers that don't. After all, the
users of older and less capable browsers won’t know what they are missing. The
biggest challenge to progressive enhancement is the belief among developers and
clients that websites should look the same in every browser. As a developer, you can
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simplify your life and dedicate your time to more interesting challenges if you let go
of this outdated notion and embrace progressive enhancement.
16. Honorary degree 🔥

Victoria University of Wellington has conferred an honorary degree on a
distinguished astrophysicist in a recent graduation ceremony. Professor Warrick
Couch received the honorary degree of Doctor of Science for his remarkable
contribution to our knowledge of galaxies and dark energy. Professor Couch is a
distinguished astrophysicist who has played a crucial role in the discovery that the
Universe is expanding at an accelerating rate, a finding which led to the lead
scientists being awarded a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2011, which he attended in
recognition of his contribution. In his research, Professor Couch uses large ground-
based and spaced-based telescopes to observe galaxy clusters, which are the largest
Structures in the Universe. He is also involved in a number of national and
international committees overseeing the management of these telescopes. In addition
to his own research activities. Professor Couch has worked to support young
researchers and provide public comment on astronomy internationally.
1）was receiving received had received is received
2) led played done found
3) who they those which
4) As a result of Instead of In addition to Regarding
17. Global leadership

Education for Global Leadership: The Importance of International Studies and
Foreign Language Education for U.S. Economic and National Security Committee
for Economic Development. To confront the twenty-first century challenges to our
economy and national security, our education system must be strengthened to
increase the foreign language skills and cultural awareness of our students. America's
continued global leadership will depend on our students' abilities to interact with the
world community both inside and outside our borders.
1）have been strengthened have strengthened be strengthened strengthen
2) interact exchange respond benefit
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18. Cardona salt mountain
Formed two million years ago when low-density salt was pushed up through the
much harder materials surrounding it, the Cardona Salt Mountain is one of the largest
domes of its kind in the world, and unique in Europe. While small amounts of other
minerals pervade the savory hill, the salt pile would have a near translucent quality if
not for the thin layer of reddish clay coating the exterior. The significance of the
mountain was recognized as early as the middle ages when Romans began exploiting
the mountain for its salt, which began to bolster the young Cardonian economy .
With the invention of industrial mining techniques, a mine was built into the side of
the mountain and a thriving facility formed at its base as excavators dragged
enormous amounts of potash (water-soluble) salt from the innards of the hill. In
addition to the mineral export, the locals of Cardona began making salt sculptures to
sell and invented a number of hard, salty pastries unique to the area.
1）maintenance significance vibration performance
2) economy accordance trend correspondence
19. Ocean floor

The ocean floor is home to many unique communities of plants and animals. Most of
these marine ecosystems are near the water surface, such as the Great Barrier Reef, a
2,000-km long coral formation off the northeastern coast of Australia. Coral reefs,
like nearly all complex living communities, depend on solar energy for growth
(photosynthesis). The sun's energy, however, penetrates at most only about 300 m
below the surface of the water. The relatively shallow penetration of solar energy and
the sinking of cold, subpolar water combine to make most of the deep ocean floor a
frigid environment with few life forms. In 1977, scientists discovered hot springs at a
depth of 2.5 km, on the Galapagos Rift (spreading ridge) off the coast of Ecuador.
This exciting discovery was not really a surprise .Since the early 1970s, scientists
had predicted that hot springs (geothermal vents) should be found at the active
spreading centers along the mid-oceanic ridges, where magma, at temperatures over
1,000° Presumably was being erupted to form new oceanic crust. More exciting,
because it was totally unexpected ,was the discovery of abundant and unusual sea
life - giant tube worms, huge clams, and mussels - that thrived around the hot
springs.
1）formation system reality structure
2) versatile frigid warm perfect
3）surprise discovery shock climax
4）perfect undermined unexpected predictable

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5）struggling died thrived exists
20. Romans
Over many centuries and across many territories the Romans were able to win an
astonishing number of military victories and their success was due to several
important factors. Italy was a peninsula not easily attacked, there was a huge pool of
fighting men to draw upon, a disciplined and innovative army, a centralized
command and line of supply, expert engineers, effective diplomacy through a
network of allies, and an inclusive approach to conquered peoples which allowed for
the strengthening and broadening of the Roman power and logistical bases. Further ,
her allies not only supplied, equipped and paid for additional men but they also
supplied vital materials such as grain and ships. On top of all, this Rome was more or
less in a continuous state of war or readiness for it and believed absolutely in the
necessity of defending and imposing on others what she firmly believed was her
cultural superiority.
1）on through over across
2) Because So Recently Further
21. Farms
Both farms were by far the largest, most prosperous, most technologically advanced
farms in their respective districts. In particular, each was centred around a
magnificent state-of-the-art barn for sheltering and milking cows. Those structures,
both neatly divided into oppositefacing rows of cow stalls, dwarfed all other barns in
the district. Both farms let their cows graze outdoors in lush pastures during the
summer, produced their own hay to harvest in the late summer for feeding the cows
through the winter, and increased their production of summer fodder and winter hay
by irrigating their fields.
1）restrictive respective relevant responsive
2) sheltering keeping gathering hiding
3）gathered separated cut divided
4）eat move graze live
5）sharped narrowed widened increased
22. Australia Higher Education Funding

Financing of Australian higher education has undergone dramatic change since the
early 1970s. Although the Australian Government provided regular funding for
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universities from the late 1950s, in 1974 it assumed full responsibility for funding
higher education - abolishing tuition fees with the intention of making university
accessible to all Australians who had the ability and who wished to participate in
higher education. Since the late 1980s, there has been a move towards greater private
contributions, particularly student fees. In 1989, the Australian Government
introduced the Higher Education Contribution Scheme (HECS) which included a
loans scheme to help students finance their contributions. This enabled university to
remain accessible to students by delaying their payments until they could afford to
pay off their loans. In 2002, the Australian Government introduced a scheme similar
to HECS for postgraduate students - the Postgraduate Education Loan Scheme
(PELS). Funding for higher education comes from various sources. This article
examines the three main sources - Australian Government funding, student fees and
charges, and HECS. While the proportion of total revenue raised through HECS is
relatively small, HECS payments are a significant component of students' university
costs, with many students carrying a HECS debt for several years after leaving
university. This article also focuses on characteristics of university students based on
their HECS liability status, and the level of accumulated HECS debt.
1）assumed clarified paid represented
2) accomplishing combining including abolishing
3）reliable achievable accessible accepted
4）liability reality responsibility ability
5）without specially with particularly
6）produced carried remembered introduced
7）expense expenditure profit revenue
23. Questionnaire
The How I Feel About My School questionnaire, designed by experts at the
University of Exeter Medical School, is available to download for free. It uses
emoticon-style faces with options of happy, ok or sad. It asks children to rate how
they feel in seven situations including on the way to school, in the classroom and in
the playground. It is designed to help teachers and others to communicate with very
young children on complex emotions. The project was supported by the National
Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Applied Health Research and Care
South West Peninsula ( NIHR PenCLAHRC). Professor Tamsin Ford, Professor of
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at the University of Exeter Medical School, led the
design, involving children to give feedback on which style of questionnaire they
could relate to best. She said: "When we're carrying out research in schools, it can be
really hard to meaningfully assess how very young children are feeling. We couldn't
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find anything that could provide what we needed, so we decided to create
something."
1）available legal approachable portable
2) symbols uses tells transmits
3）noticed designed consigned influenced
4) calm bargain satisfy communicate
5）calm bargain satisfy communicate
6) setting carrying making deducing
24. Climate
Climate is the word we use for weather over a long period of time. The desert has a
dry climate because there is very little rain. The UK has a ‘temperate climate’ which
means winters are, overall, mild and, summers generally, don’t get too hot.
1）estimates predict cares use
2) torrential often little heavy
3）what these that which
4) summers winter desert dessert
25. Kiwi
A Massey ecologist has teamed up with a leading wildlife photographer to produce
the definitive book on New Zealand's national bird, the kiwi. Kiwi: A Natural History
was written by Dr Isabel Castro and features photographs by Rod Morris. Dr Castro
has been working with kiwi since 1999, with a focus on their behaviour. “I've
specifically been looking at the sense of smell that kiwi uses when foraging, but also
in their interactions with their environment and other kiwi,” she says. The book
covers all aspects of kiwi, from their evolution, prehistory and closest relatives to
their feeding and breeding behaviour and current conservation issues, making this the
perfect introduction for anyone with an interest in these fascinating birds. The book is
the second title in a new series on New Zealand's wildlife, targeted at a family
readership.
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26. Society and culture
For too long we have held preconceived notions of 'the' market and 'the' state that
were seemingly independent of local societies and cultures. The debate about civil
society ultimately is about how culture, market and state relate to each other. Concern
about civil society, however, is not only relevant to central and eastern Europe and
the developing world. It is very much of interest of the European Union as well. The
Civil Dialogue Initiated by the Commission in the 1990s was a first attempt by the
EU to give the institutions of society - and not only governments and businesses-a
voice at the policy-making tables in Brussels. The EU, like other international
institutions, has a long way to go in trying to accommodate the frequently divergent
interests of non-governmental organizations and citizen groups. There is increasing
recognition that international and national governments have to open up to civil
society institutions.

27. Biological system

Since biological systems with signs of complex engineering are unlikely to have
arisen from accidents or coincidences, their organization must come from natural
selection, and hence should have functions useful for survival and reproduction in the
environments in which humans evolved.
28. Fingerprint
Fingerprints, referred to as “fingermarks” in forensics, are formed when residue from
the ridged skin of the fingers or palms is transferred onto a surface, leaving behind an
impression. Fingermarks are often made of sweat and colorless contaminating
materials such as soap, moisturizer and grease. These fingermarks are described as
“latent as they are generally invisible to the naked eye, which means that locating
them at a crime scene can be challenging.
29. Under-nutrition
Under-nutrition and related diseases kill between 15 and 18 million people a year, the
majority are children. At least 500 million are chronically hungry. The tragic paradox
of massive suffering amid global plenty traces in part to widespread poverty, which
denies access to food even where it piles high in village market.
30. Cloth-making
About 10,000 years ago, people learned how to make cloth. Wool, cotton, flax, or
hemp was first spun into a thin thread using a spindle. The thread was then woven
into a fabric. The earliest weaving machines probably consisted of little more than a
per of sticks that held a set of parallel threads,called the wrap, while the cross-thread,
called the weft, was inserted. Later machines called looms had roads that separated
the threads to allow the west to be inserted more easily .A piece of wood, called the
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shuttle, holding a spool of thread, was passed between the separated threads. The
basic principles of spinning and weaving have stayed the same until the present day,
though during the industrial revolution of the 18th century many ways were found of
automating the processes. With new machines such as the spinning mule, many
threads could be spun at the same time, and, with the help of devices like the flying
shuttle, broad pieces of cloth could be woven at great speed.
1）doubtless probably possible possibility
2) precise accuracy easily accurate
3）role principle foundation criteria
4) automating slower faster existing
31. Granular material

Part of the fun of experimenting with granular materials, says Stephen W. Morris, is
the showmanship. In one stunt that he has demonstrated in settings ranging from high
school classrooms to television studios, the University of Toronto physicist loads
clear plastic tubes with white table salt and black sand and starts them rotating. What
transpires in the tubes usually knocks the socks off of any unsuspecting bystander.
Instead of mixing into a drab gray sameness, the sand particles slowly separate into
crisp black bands cutting across a long, narrow field of salt. As the spinning
continues, some bands disappear and new ones arise. "It's a parlor trick," Morris says.
Not to deny its entertainment value, this demonstration of how strangely granular
materials can behave is also an authentic experiment in a field both rich in
fundamental physics and major practical consequences.
1）unprecedented unsuspecting representing suspecting
2) theory exhibition demonstration notion
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四、听⼒力力
SST:
备考策略: 模版正确使⽤ (注意语法拼写，猩际AI批改) > 熟练本周预测 > 机经

练习
Exam Strategy: Correct use of templates (APEUni AI Score) > Weekly prediction >
All Exam Qs
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1. Traveling&transport in Paris
要点：语速较快。
There are thousands of trips and too many travelers every day in Paris. The
transportation network in Paris provides thousands of public services and links them
together. A good network can help people with long-distance or multidestination trips.
In cities with high-density population such as Paris, people would better carefully
plan their journeys before travel to reduce the density of commuters at the same time.
(猩际官⽹/APP SST #159)
2. Global warming
原⽂：There can now be no reasonable, science-based, doubt about the reality of
global climate change effects brought on by the cumulative and rapidly growing
emission of so-called "greenhouse" gases - primarily carbon dioxide - into the
atmosphere. As these effects become increasingly more obvious worldwide, so
commercial interests, groups of concerned individuals and national governments have
been gripped by what amounts to mass panic about what to do about it.
To many, Paul Ehrlich’s Malthusian "Population Bomb" of 1968 appears about to
explode in the world’s face in an indirect version of his millenarian vision of
population growth which outpaces agricultural production capacity - with predictably
catastrophic results for humanity. And his three-part crisis scenario does indeed seem
now to be present: a rapid rate of change, a limit of some sort, and delays in
perceiving that limit. Ehrlich’s work was roundly criticized at the time, and later,
from many quarters, and much of what he predicted did not come about.
Nevertheless, can the world afford to take the risk that the climate scientists have got
it wrong? Is it not in everyone’s interests to apply the Precautionary Principle in
attempting to avoid the worst of their predictions - now, rather than at some future
time? As the Chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Mr.
Rajendra Pachauri, has recently pointed out, eleven of the warmest years since
instrumental records began have occurred in the past twelve years, while major
precipitation changes are taking place on a global scale.
3. Citizenship development
原⽂：Last month I published alongside my annual report a subject report on the
development of citizenship in schools. The report celebrates the success of some
schools in implementing the citizenship curriculum. It praises those schools where
there have been substantial developments in the subject, and which now go a long
way towards fulfilling national curriculum requirements. In the report we are critical
of schools which have not taken citizenship seriously, either through reluctance or
lack of capacity to make appropriate provision in the curriculum. Citizenship is
marginalised in the curriculum in one fifth of schools. It is less well established in the
curriculum than other subjects, and less well taught and some critics have seized on
this as a reason for wanting to step back from supporting it.Yet, the progress made to
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date by the more committed schools suggests that the reasons for introducing
citizenship are both worthwhile and can be fulfilled, given the time and resources.
Indeed, those reasons are given added weight by national and global events of the
past few months. While not claiming too much, citizenship can address core skills,
attitudes and values that young people need to consider as they come to terms with a
changing world.
4. Endangered language
原⽂：Language death is not mainstream theatre. It is not mainstream anything. Can
you imagine Hollywood taking it on? It is so far outside the mindsets（思维模式）
of most people that they have difficulty appreciating what the crisis is all about,
because they are not used to thinking more about language as an issue in itself.
Somehow we need to change these mindsets. We need to get people thinking about
language more explicitly, more intimately（透彻地）, more enthusiastically. Interest
in language is certainly there, in the general population - most people are fascinated
by such topics as where words come from, or what the origin of their town's name is,
or whether their baby's name means anything; they are certainly prepared to play
Scrabble and a host of other language games ad infinitum（⽆休⽌地）; and
language games are often found on radio and television, too - but a willingness to
focus that interest on general issues, a preparedness to take on board（采纳） the
emotion and drama inherent in the situation of language endangerment, is not
something that happens much.
5. Power devolution 🔥
要点：Devolution of power is considered differently by two parties.
The need to modify government power from federal to state level is a
philosophical question, which also addressed the disputes between Democrats and
Republicans.
Democrats think government should hold the strong power and entitlements,
while Republicans believe that government power should be shared with the states
and people.
6. Basic vocabulary
原⽂：Well an historical linguist compares languages at several levels. You start out
looking for basic vocabulary. All languages of the world, natural languages at least,
have words for eye and head and nose and ear and for sky and earth and for water,
sand and for sibling, mother and father. They may not have words for uncle and aunt.
It becomes much vaguer because in one culture an aunt is different when it comes
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from your father's side than from your mother's side. You don't include snow. Most
people know what snow is but in the tropics you don't have it. So you look for
notions that are totally comparable and that occur everywhere in the world. You can
the hundred or two hundred most universal notions in a human life, those which you
call the basic vocabulary. So you take basic vocabularies and languages that you
think are related. You look for words that sound the same and basically you're not
fooled by a hundred per cent identical words but you are really looking for words,
while they are different in one language from the other, the sounds correspond but
every sound has to correspond to maybe a totally different sound in the other
language that you compare it with but in the end it's the regularity of the
correspondences between sounds that are really important and not so much whether a
word sounds the same as in another language.
7. Industrial revolution （B）
原⽂：Through the 1950s and into the 1960s, the idea of the Industrial Revolution
was that it was the work of some genius inventors who created machines used
primarily in the textile industry but also in mining that eliminated blocks to assembly
line production. Then everybody was crowded into factories and the new brave world
opened up. In fact, one of the most interesting books and great classics that is still in
print was written by an economic historian at Harvard who's still alive called David
Landes. It's a good book called The Unbound Prometheus, which was basically that.
Some of the inventions that I briefly describe in your reading, the spinning Jenny, etc,
refer to that. Well, and that kind of analysis led one to concentrate on England where
the Industrial Revolution began, and to view industrialization as beginning a situation
of winners and losers by not going as fast. Now, that analysis has been really rejected
greatly over the past years, because Industrial Revolution is measured by more than
simply large factories with industrial workers and the number of machines. This is the
point of the beginning of this. The more that we look at the Industrial Revolution, the
more that we see that the Industrial Revolution was first and foremost an
intensification of forms of production, of kinds of production that were already there.
And thus, we spend more time looking at, you know, the intensification of artisanal
production, craft production, of domestic industry, which we've already mentioned,
that is people mostly women but also men and children, too, working in the
countryside. The rapid rise of industrial production was very much tied to traditional
forms of production.
8. Vitamin D
原⽂：Okay, to understand what Vitamin D does, we need to understand the central
concept. The function of Vitamin D is to maintain blood calcium. You probably think
the function of Vitamin D is to maintain strong bones and teeth. But it does that by
accident. Its real function is to maintain your blood calcium level in a very narrow
range. And the reason for that is if your blood calcium level falls below about 9
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milligrams per 100 milliliters, then you're longing to be in a big trouble, and die
rather quickly. And that's because blood calcium is important for muscle contraction
and nerve transmission. And if you don't have enough of it, you can't contract
muscles normally.There can't be normal nerve impulses. And this results in a disease
called tetany, where you got these uncontrolled convulsions followed by rapid death.
Calcium is also important for enzymic activities and blood clotting.
9. Roman building
原⽂：But you can see from the relatively crooked and narrow streets of the city of
Rome as they look from above today. You can see that again, the city grew in a fairly
ad hoc(临时安排的) way, as I mentioned. It wasn’t planned all at once. It just grew
up over time, beginning in the eighth century B.C.. Now this is interesting because
what we know about the Romans is when they were left to own devices and they
could build the city from scratch, they didn't let it grow in an ad hoc way. They
structure it in a, in a very care, very methodical way. That was basically based on
military strategy, military planning. The Romans they couldn’t have conquered the
world without obviously having a masterful military enterprise and everywhere they
went on their various campaigns, their various military campaigns. They would build,
build camps and those camps were always laid out in a very geometric plan along a
grid, usually square or rectangular. So, when we begin to see the Romans building
their ideal Roman city, then turn to that so call castrum(古罗马兵营) or military
camp design.
10. Orgnaisation study

要点：The two speakers are talking about organisation study and how they
appreciate it.
Organisation study is about a whole family of disciplines, such as social
science, psychology, sociology, history, and cultural studies.
The speaker enjoys studying organisation study because of its broad range and
its breadth.
What organisation study has taught him is liberating ideas without disciplinary
boundaries.
11. Vitamin D (C)

原⽂：The body also manufactures vitamin D from cholesterol, through a process
triggered by the action of sunlight on skin, hence its nickname, "the sunshine
vitamin." Yet some people do not make enough vitamin D from the sun, among them,
people who have a darker skin tone, who are overweight, who are older, and who
cover up when they are in the sun. Correctly applied sunscreen reduces our ability to
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absorb vitamin D by more than 90 percent. And not all sunlight is created equal: The
sun's ultraviolet B (UVB) rays—the so-called "tanning" rays, and the rays that trigger
the skin to produce vitamin D—are stronger near the equator and weaker at higher
latitudes. So in the fall and winter, people who live at higher latitudes (in the northern
U.S. and Europe, for example) can't make much if any vitamin D from the sun.
12. World’s globalization

原⽂：Globalization is an overused and often misunderstood concept. We hear it all
the time on news broadcasts and in any type of public discussion. But the starting
point for understanding globalization is that it is industries and markets that globalize,
not countries. That's why it's helpful to think of Globalisation as 'the integration of
economic activities across borders'. QI - But why does globalization matter? I would
argue globalization matters because it means the rise of interconnectedness between
countries and markets across the world. For example, one of the reasons why the
financial crash of 2007/2008 was so serious was because the financial and banking
systems of countries around the world have become so closely interconnected with
the globalization of markets.
13. Australian transportation

要点：⼥声演讲，很清晰。
因为⼈⼜问题以及⼈们居住地和⼯作地的远近，澳⼤利亚⼈⼤部分都开
车，只有20%不开车，⽐如⼩孩、⽼⼈和残疾⼈。
澳洲的公共交通设施在偏远地区没有那么完善。
政府为这些⼈提供更好的公共交通。
最后⼀句好像是But it still has some big impact。
Australian living patterns need cars as most Australians live in countryside
and it will be inconvenient for them to work without a car. Only 20% of people in
Australia cannot drive, mainly the elderly, young students or the disabled. Thus,
Australian government should pay more attention to those who do not drive.
Australian public transportation system in rural areas is not yet satisfactory, but it
may lead to other problems.
14. Western Europe

要点：在某个时期（可能是冰河时期）欧洲天⽓⾮常恶劣(worst weather)，⽓温
⾮常低。
The speaker doubted where our ancestors used to live and where they go.
Sea levels in that period of time were much lower than today’s sea levels.
People may used to live the on shallow shore where today is under water.
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But, there is not archaeological evidence supporting this argument.
15. Digital information world

要点：过去我们可以辨识出谁在掌管这个世界，那时是bureaucratic的世界。⽽
现在世界变成了digital information world，并进⼀步说明。 Information is
processed in bytes and bits. System can touch people, but people cannot touch back.
16. Government tricks

原⽂：I suppose it's the truism to point out that citizens need to be well informed.
Maybe it's something we take for granted in our liberal western democracies. But
there will be plenty of societies, well, that is run counter to explicit government
policy. Many areas of the world still suffer from the reverie of the deliberate missing
information. Governments, especially the unelected ones, but also some elected ones,
have denied the events that have ever taken place. They pretend that other events did
take place. They would help spin what they cannot deny. Ensure they've used every
trick of the book, to pull the eyes of the world, and in an attempt to cover up their
mistakes.
17. Human minds

原⽂：The pace, the pace of which that the human minds have evolved over the last
half million years and more recently the last 200,000 years has been so frighteningly
rapid that the evolution of cognitive function and perception in different ways, can
only happen to the actions of a small number of genes. If one needed to adapt dozens
of genes changes and concert, in order to acquire the penetrating minds that we now
have, which our ancestors 500,000 years ago didn't have, the evolution could not
have taken, could not have occurred so quickly. And for that reason alone, one begins
to suspect that the genetic differences between people who lived 500,000 years ago
sever that cognitive functions than ours are not so large.
Therefore, a rather small number of genes, maybe responsible for comforting us that
powerful minds which we now, which the most of us now possessed.
18. Telescope
原⽂：The aperture of a telescope is several times larger than the aperture of human
eye so that the objects that can not be normally seen by unaided eye can be seen.
Light-gathering power of a telescope is proportional to the area of its aperture and
hence depends on the square of the radius of the mirror. Therefore, a 20 cm diameter
telescope collects four times more photons than a 10 cm diameter telescope. A
telescope can be equipped to record light over a long period of time, by using
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photographic film or electronic detectors such as photometers or CCD detectors while
the eye has no capability to store light. Along-exposure photograph taken through a
telescope reveals objects too faint to be seen with the eye, even by looking through
the same telescope. A third major advantage of large telescopes is that they have
superior resolution, the ability to discern fine detail. Small resolution is good. The
resolution is directly proportional to the wavelength being observed and inversely
proportional to the diameter of the telescope.
19. Environmental law 🔥

原⽂：Before we consider international environmental law and climate change we
need to consider domestic legislation, as it is within the sovereign states that
international law is put into practice. This reflects the environmentalists' maxim,
'think globally act locally'. United Kingdom legislative control over the impacts of
mans' activity on the environment is not new. As long ago as the reign of Charles II
the main concern was the production of smoke from the burning of 'sea coal. Almost
all areas of trade and industry were subject to very detailed legislative controls at that
time, although some were governed by 'self-regulation' in the form of guilds, who
regulated both supply and methods of production. However, the measures
implemented were mostly ineffective because then, as now, the specifying of legal
duties and standards without providing any appropriate enforcement merely indicated
good intentions but were of little practical effect.The next stage was prompted by the
Industrial Revolution with the urbanization of society and its profound effects on the
environment. Local industrialists used the Adam Smith model to maximize their
economic benefit, but this was to the detriment of the local environment with the
operation of 'Gresham's Law' that is, the bad drives out the good.Those industrialists
who were concerned for either the health of their employees or the local environment
faced higher costs than their competitors. The result was the need for increasingly
comprehensive statutory controls on the discharge of pollutants into various receiving
media.
20. Language acquisition
原⽂：So language acquistion starts earlier than most people think and it also ends
later than most people think. When does child language acquistion stop? Well, in a
sense, you know we’re all children. We stay being children all our lives. There’s no
obvious end point further learning sounds. Of course, there is, and for learning
grammar, there is. But vocabulary, oh, I mean that goes on for the rest of our lives
and million or more words in English and most of us only have a vocabulary of 50,
60, 70 thousand words or whatever it is. And so there’s always something more to
learn. So, remember that the two ends of child language acquistion are wider apart
than some people think, and that means there’s more scope for studying it than most
people think.
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21. The republic

原⽂：Why should we read the Republic? I image lots of students asked this
question to me when they're given it as a set book at the beginning of their university
course, but in fact there are many good reasons to read the Republic. And first one I
would pick on is just that it is immensely readable. It's not Plato did not write
philosophy like a dry text book. He wrote it like a living conversation. The whole of
the Republic which is fairly fat book is a living conversation written in short almost
soundbite type answers, but nevertheless, developing some very important ideas so
my first answer then we should read the Republic just because it is readable. It is
readable it was written by a genius and it's worth reading. It's easy to read. It's not
difficult. But then there's also obviously the thoughts, the content of the book and he's
asking this absolutely fundamental question why should we bother to be good, what's
in it for us effectively. It seems when we look at the world, it looks as though
injustice pays. It looks as though crime pays or as the good people get trodden down.
So, Plato addresses this absolutely fundamental question why should we be good. I'm
not going to tell you his answer. Read the book.
22. Experiment
要点：The experiment is combined with psychology, social science and computer
science. The experiment record position of students every 3-5 second and ask them
question depend on their activities. Then, the method is continuously developed to
ask the question about space and how space can affect learning. The answer could be
used in urban planning as well as campus design.
23. Architecture design

要点：Architecture design is important to buildings. In the Victoria era, architects
designed buildings based on bricks and other materials. The design of floors was
based on lighting as it will not only affect appearance but also health conditions. In
the 20th century, many buildings with design flaws were demolished or modified
through a natural selection process, though it's argued to be unfair for the buildings.
24. Semantic noise

原⽂：Semantic noise in communication is a type of disturbance in the transmission
of a message that interferes with the interpretation of the message due to ambiguity in
words, sentences or symbols used in the transmission of the message. Let's take a step
back for a moment to provide a larger framework that helps you understand the idea
of semantic noise a bit easier. Communication is the process of transmitting
information from one person to another. Information is a pattern of data organized in
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a particular way. For example, a sentence consists of symbols that form words in a
particular language with a particular meaning. The sentence also utilizes grammar,
which is a recognized way to structure words forming a sentence. Noise is any type
of disturbance that interferes with the interpretation of the information. Some argue
that noise exists in all communication. Semantic noise doesn't involve sound but
rather ambiguity in words, sentences or other symbols used in communication. The
ambiguity is caused because everybody sees a different meaning in the same words,
phrases or sentences. The differences in interpretation can be quite small, even
undetectable, in regular communication between people from the same culture, age,
education and experience, or drastically different because of such things as culture,
age or experience.
25. Wildlife as food

原⽂：To us, the environment in which fish dwell often seems cold, dark, and
mysterious. But there are advantages to living in water, and they have played an
important role in making fish what they are. One is that water isn't subject to sudden
temperature changes. Therefore it makes an excellent habitat for a cold-blooded
animal. Another advantage is the water's ability to easily support body weight.
Protoplasm has approximately the same density as water, so a fish in water is almost
weightless. This "weightlessness" in turn means two things: One, a fish can get along
with a light weight and simple bone structure, and two, limitations to a fish's size are
practically removed. Yet there is one basic difficulty to living in water—the fact that
it's incompressible. For a fish to move through water, it must actually shove it aside.
Most can do this by wiggling back and forth in snakelike motion. The fish pushes
water aside by the forward motion of its head, and with the curve of its body and its
flexible tail. Next, the water flows back along the fish's narrowing sides, closing in at
the tail, and helping the fish propel itself forward. The fact that water is
incompressible has literally shaped the development of fish. A flat and angular shape
can be moved through water only with difficulty. And for this reason, fish have a
basic shape that is beautifully adapted to deal with this peculiarity.
26. Drug Advertisement 🔥

原⽂：The amount of money drug companies spend on TV ads has doubled in recent
years. And it's no wonder: studies show the commercials' work: consumers go to their
doctors with a suggestion for a prescription drug they saw advertised on TV. Now a
study in the Annals of Family Medicine raises questions about the message these ads
promote, NPRs Patty Neighmond reports. You're most likely to see drug ads during
prime time, especially around the news. Researchers analyzed 38 ads aimed at people
with conditions like hypertension, herpes, high cholesterol, depression, arthritis, and
allergies. The drug industry says the ads arm consumers with information. But
researchers found that though the information was technically accurate, the tone was
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misleading. UCLA psychologist Dominick Frosch headed the study. "What we would
see in these ads is that before taking the prescription drug, the character's life was out
of control and the loss of control really extended beyond just the impact of the health
condition, " For example, herpes patients were portrayed as being incapacitated for
days, insomniacs utterly out of synch on the job and depressed patients friendless and
boring at parties. "When the character is then shown taking the drug, he then
magically regains complete control of his life." None of the ads, of course, mentioned
lifestyle changes that could also help treat the condition. After that, it's mass
marketing. But in this case, Frosch says, prescription medications are not soap.
27. Description
要点：There are two methods of description: symbolic language and body language.
The abstraction is an important layer of computers. Computers use symbolic systems.
The origin of symbolic system was developed when people try to communicate with
each other. Sign language was developed, which means hand words in language. Sign
language and movements could help people ask for help when they encountered
rhinoceros（犀⽜）. Hands were language. Oral languages developed while people’s
hands were busy in hunting.
28. Instinct
原⽂：Instinct is a term used to describe a set of behaviors that are both unlearned
and set in motion as the result of some environmental trigger. Instincts are also often
discussed in relation to motivation since they can also occur in response to an
organism's need to satisfy some innate internal drive tied to survival.Instincts are
present across species and are consistent within individual species. In other words,
many different species rely on instincts, and if one member of a species possesses an
instinct, then they all do.Before we move into a discussion of specific types of
instincts, it is important to distinguish the difference between an instinct and a reflex.
Both are types of unlearned behavior that tend to serve a survival purpose. The
difference is that a reflex is a typically a simple reaction or a response to an
environmental trigger whereas an instinct is a much more complex set of behaviors.
29. Radio burst

原⽂：And by fast, I mean really fast. So it starts and stops in about a thousandth of
a second, so you click your fingers, and it’s finished. Fast radio bursts are a real
mystery. We don’t exactly understand where they com from, or what actually makes
them. And there’s a lot of open questions that we really don’t have an answer for.
There are probably more theories about what makes fast radio bursts, than there
actual detections of these things. So since 2007 we’ve only had 20, but there are
probably 30 or 40 different theories on what makes them. The most interesting thing
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about this burst is the fact that we found it with the Australian square kilometre ray
path finder. So that is, it wasn’t really obvious that we would be able to do this, as
well as we ended up being able to do it. So this telescope is really a fantastic
telescope. In fact it’s probably the best telescope on the planet at the moment for
finding these bursts. So whereas in the past it’s taken ten years to find twenty bursts,
once we’re really going with this new instrument, we’ll able to find them much more
quickly. One or two every week. And that will blow open the field. We’ll be able to
do much more detailed studies of these things, get better statistics, understand what,
hopefully understand what they are, and where they’re coming from.
30. Intuition
要点：intuition是⼀种关于本能的思维⽅式，⼈们都具有却缺乏⾜够的了解。
intuition源⾃右脑，和understanding有关。
左脑是控制logic和consciousness的。
31. Music and brain

要点：Plato was marveled at the power of music over human's character and
emotion as early as in 400 B.C..
Not until recently a group of young scientists confirmed the power of music
over us.
⼀些⼈喜欢听⽆歌词的纯⾳乐，如果听⾳乐的时候扫描⼤脑，会发现两个
有趣的⼤脑活动。
For example, a study investigated what happens in the brain when people get
chills to music.
They examined the chills to instrumental music and found that people know
well where music gives them chills.
中间似乎提到了passenge seat 可以选择⾳乐播放来放松。
32. Laundry history

原⽂：But in the household before running water and electricity washing clothes
took a staggering amount of labor to wash boil and rinse. A single load of clothes
could take 50 gallons of water which had to be hand carried from a pump or well. Pan
wringing, rubbing and lifting the clothes could expose women to caustic substances
in the soaps. The whole process for a households laundry could take an entire day or
more of back-breaking labor. In 1846 a patented washing machine imitated the
human hand moving cloth over a washboard using a lever to rub the clothes between
two rib surfaces this machine was sold in the US. As late as 1927 the first electric
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clothes washers in which a motor rotated the tub were introduced into America about
1900.
33. Geography
要点：关于geography。
Geography is a study of the surface of the earth including atmosphere.
And we don’t concentrate on the inside study of the earth.
Moreover, it is a subject including some disciplines and you can become a
natural scientist or cultural specialist by studying it.
In conclusion, you can pursue arguments from geography.
34. Marketing research

要点：This lecture is about the research in Marketing on customers.
In Marketing, we need to know how your customers look like including their
ages and…
The research on Marketing can help to identify the target audience of your
products( know who will buy your product, who not) and pricing, but you should
clarify ideas, think about problems like competition, buy raw materials, in the
practical process.
35. New Zealand

原⽂：This is my next contribution to New Zealand's super diverse future the status
quo is not sustainable super diversity stock take which I will talk to you about now is
designed to help us to adapt to a super diverse New Zealand to make sure that we fit
for the future because New Zealand is super diverse right now predominately in
Auckland but actually throughout New Zealand here we're already 50% mere Pacifica
an Asian 44% are not born in New Zealand and we have over 200 ethnicities now the
definition academically of super diversity is 25% not born in New Zealand a hundred
ethnicities so we are almost double that number already and Auckland will continue
to become younger and browner as the Anglo-Saxon population ages and shrinks so
the mega trend here is not age and the myth the mega trend here is not urbanization
the mega trend is demography it's ethnicity and we need to get our head around that
because most of the benefits from super diversity that we as a country are enjoying at
the moment such as greater innovation productivity and a vestment increase New
Zealand's financial capital whereas most of the challenges from super diversity
adversely affect New Zealand's social capital however if you don't mitigate the
challenges to your social capital you are not going to maximize sustainably the
diversity dividend benefits for your financial capital.
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36. Ocean
要点：关于ocean，提到pragmatical and potential solutions和⼈类damage ocean。
还有关键词sea levels，footprints。
37. Urban technology

要点：⼥声，关于urban technology对city发展的重要性，前⾯⼀⼤部分都是介
绍，关键词有：urban technology, city, urbanization, traffic light, integrate
technology. 后半部分举了两个例⼦，讲⼀个sensor，可以guide driver到given
location。然后说，another example，这种sensor可以turn on and off automatically
itself，所以可以save energy。
最后在结尾提到collect data，make sure the tech do not cross the line.
38. Ancient people

要点：5000年前，the Stone Age，stone tools came to use⼈们没有吃的，现代⼈
可以通过skeleton了解因为没有living people。
可以通过hunt gather plant food、发展agriculture和farming、吃animals过
活。Ancient people had a wide variety of food sources including 100 different
animals。
他们的diet会导致infectious disease然后他们的life equality is hard。
39. Lawyers
原⽂：
My name is Graham Virgo, I’m professor of English Private Law in the Facul
ty of Law at the University of Cambridge, and I’m going to consider the que
stion why you should study law if you don’t want to become a lawyer. A lot
of people who study law at university do so because they want to become pr
acticing lawyers, whether barristers of solicitors. But it is not necessary to rea
d law at university to become a practicing lawyer. Equally, studying law at un
iversity is a legitimate subject for academic study even if you definitely do no
t want to become a lawyer or think that you may not become a practicing la
wyer. That is because the study of law at university is not a vocational subjec
t, it is an academic subject and an intellectual discipline. Even those students
who study law at university intending to become practicing lawyers are require
d to do additional vocational training to prepare them for working either as a
barrister or a solicitor; for them the study of law at university by itself is not
sufficient to train them to become lawyers. So why do such students study la
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w at university and why do others study law even if they don’t want to beco
me a lawyer? The answer is fairly similar in both cases, namely that studying
law at university trains the student to think and write logically and clearly.
40. Role of women

要点：并⾮关于母系社会，⽽是关于⼥性⾓⾊在19世纪的转变以及在家庭中扮
演的⾓⾊，关键词motherhood，domesticity。
19世纪women没有social identity，多半呆在家⾥看⼩孩，expand
knowledge for their children and husband。
后来women有了special role of social identity，地位变得更重要了。
41. Dress history 🔥

要点：提到⼀个⼈is a nice girl, makes the clothing industry to us。
关于服装的历史，⼀开始说它从前并不important，do not matter。not like
food industry or … industry，or shelter, the topic of clothing industry has been
ignored for a long period. 现在⼈们觉得重要了，because we always judge people
from the past by now，it massively matters。and so do the warmth of cloth and the
cultrue of clothing industry。
42. Bilingualism 🔥
原⽂：So, there is an example comes from the other end of life and has to do with
what's called wonder babies. This was a study which was done a few years ago in
Trieste which is basically at the border on Slovenia and Italy. So there are a lot of
Italians and there are a lot of Slovenians and there are of course a lot of mixed
marriages. What they did was they took three groups of babies, all babies were seven
months old so there were a bunch of Italian speaking babies, bunch of Slovenian
speaking babies and a bunch of Italian-Slovenian babies from mixed families. They
showed those babies various puppets and then they switched the situation. Typically
when the seven-month-old baby is used to particular setting and the situation
switches it takes them a little while to regroup. So turned out that seven-month-old
Italian and seven-month-old Slovenian babies would get used to the puppet appearing
on the right, and then when the puppet would appear on the left they would continue
looking to the right as if nothing had changed. Whereas the bilingual babies very
quickly would turn their head and notice that the puppet has changed its position.
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43. Argument construction
要点：关于how to construct argument。
you should have a thesis, most important part of paper and provide points for
readers and yourself.
Firstly, think carefully before writing.
Your points should be debatable and supportable, not something already
known by others.
44. Cognitive skill

要点：关于efficiency of cognitive skill, which can improve our development,
helping us to remember things and process our information quickly.
Our recourses have limited and the resource is like the availability of using
gases.
45. Curator
要点：⼀个国家博物馆的curator给学⽣介绍techniques和methods来学习history
course，并进⾏具体的举例，学习前⼈looks还有what they did for a living还有
making choice接着说历史学家通过各种element to communicate with past。提到
了transmission of word，再讲到university history是通过works gathered in
formal。 lecturer作为curator保管objects evidence of past和开办exhibition。
46. Poverty in China

要点：关于poverty phenomenon of China。
Poverty control is important in emerging world.
In the development in 2000 China has promised to half the poverty and the
goal has been met.
China has moved and taken actions to make poverty reduction.
China also created a lot of middle income people and opportunities to other
countries.
China also benefits other economies, such as Australia.
47. Walking data

要点：关于analyzing walking data( time, how fast, to do what post-learning
activities) of students at campus.
Identifying different groups of students, although they are only at campus,
they can be used for urban planning like where to put buildings.
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48. Human memory

要点：关于 human( biological) memory, forgetting is easy but remembering is hard
due to biological forgetting.
Human memory isn’t fixed but can be reconstructed.
49. Dogs
要点：关于dogs。
第⼀句说什么是happy dog home。⾸先要给狗basic needs，food, water,
comfort。
再说到还需要simulation，说狗和⼈⼀样是social动物，需要interaction。
The question about dogs is a broad one, and the answer to it depends on
individual;
Dogs are concerned about can I get a nice bed and sleeping area when I need
it?
Dogs need interactive communication;
People do not provide enough for animals yet.
50. Judgement 🔥
要点：关于 judgement.
Lecturer的⼀个朋友是company executive，他要雇佣⼀个manager，来了
个candidate，who has a good record good past performance, 但最终没有雇他，并
told his employees that that guy is not right/good fit。
举了⼀个例⼦，a football coach想选⼀个kid，虽然别⼈都说这个kid很优
秀，但最后发现这个kid hard to control football。
最后总结within 30 minutes to 1 hour it is hard to judge people how good
they are。
最后⼀句是the company executive is even worse。
51. Shakespeare’s poem

原⽂：Let's think about perhaps the top 10 things that people would like to know,
ought to know about Shakespeare if they're getting into his works. The first thing to
say is that he did live quite along time ago. He lived 400 years ago. So if you're
reading Shakespeare or listening to Shakespeare, you're listening to somebody whose
language is not quite the language of our current. You're listening to someone who
was writing in a language which is a bit out of date for now. It needs a little bit of
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effort to understand that language but the understanding will be done partly for you
by the actors if you're hearing it, or if you're seeing it performed. Another thing is that
Shakespeare was a very great poet. He wrote poems are at narrative poems and
sonnets but he was also, and this is my third point, he was also a great theatre poet.
His poetry is dramatic poetry in the plays. He's not just writing static poetry, lyric
poetry in the plays, which is therefore declamation. He's writing dramatic poetry
which consists of interaction between the characters of the plays.
52. Globalization and IT 🔥

要点：In the early 21st century, the most important thing to happen was the merger
of globalization and the IT revolution.
IT drives globalization and globalization drives IT in return.
The fusion has taken the world from connected to hyper connected, and from
interconnected to interdependent.
This has happened in the last decade and everyone is living in this fusion world.
Our world has fundamentally changed during the last ten years.
53. How to spend life

要点：关于how would you spend your life。
有些学⽣要当painter，有些要当writer，还有horse rider。
但是如果你要做你想做的事，就forget about the money，because if you
think getting money is the important thing，you are wasting your time of your life。
54. Facial recognition
要点：男lecturer，提出问题how people can recognize human face, 然后说this is a
hard problem but brilliant. And people should appreciate这种技术。
举例说明了⾯部识别能得到对⽅什么信息：age, gender, ......
55. Diet of Stone Age
要点：According to the information from skeletons as we don't have the real people
to study on, our ancestors in Stone Age hunted animals for food instead of planting
their food. That's why there was a wide variety of food. But the lifestyle was still
difficult because they had infection diseases later. Although they had produced
hundreds of food, the quality of diets was not good at all.
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Listening MCS:
备考策略: 熟悉题型 > 优先学习其他题型 > ⼤致浏览本周预测 > 练习题
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1. New York
要点：男作家说⾃⼰从NY搬到这个town，好处是⼀觉醒来发现什么事情都没
有发⽣。⽽在NY⼀觉醒来每天都有很多stories可以choose，很累。
问：作家在⼀个名叫XX的town与NY⽐好处是什么?
选项：在这个town故事很少，他可以把时间⽤来提⾼⾃⼰的写作技巧。
(猩际官⽹/APP LMCS #70)
2. Dyslexia
要点：关于dyslexia（阅读障碍症）
问which is not true.
选项：Both children and adult can be dyslexia.
There are 10 million children are dyslexia in US.
Dyslexia people are hard to read.
Dyslexia people can be an indicator as talent.
3. Chromosome
要点：实验室⾥教授对学⽣说染⾊体这种东西太⼩了，在细胞核⾥难以发现和
鉴别，拍出来的照⽚⽤显微镜也难以识别。
但是唯独在两条chromosome twist在⼀起的时候，也就是它们⾃我复制的
时候，它们的thickness会明显增⼤，这时候拍照就会清晰很多容易辨别。
thickness提到多次。
问：从speaker描述的染⾊体可以推断出该染⾊体的照⽚最可能是在什么
情况下被拍摄到的?
选项：在染⾊体进⾏replication的时候（正确答案）。
4. First-aid kit
要点：关于救⽣的first-aid kit，想去研究发明它。
选项：affordable给学⽣⽤（正确答案）。
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5. Lunar eclipse
要点：解释了⽉⾷是什么，最早的⽉⾷记录在中国，可以追溯到2000BC。
选项：⽉⾷；历史；夜晚；⽉亮。
6. Bibliography
要点：关于bibliography(参考⽂献)和reference的区别。
选项：它们的范围不⼀样。（答案）
7. Population growth
要点：视频题，⼀个⼥教师主讲，背景图⽚是Oxford。
她说⾃⼰看到⼀篇⽂章说全球今年出⽣了7 billion babies但是实际上并没
有。
问：speaker的concern是什么？
选项：the understanding of the population growth。
8. Sarcasm
要点：⼀个男的提到⼀位曾来⾃⼰学校演讲的讲师。
那讲师说未来媒体与科技将会有重⼤改变，但是这位讲师的预⾔并没有
成真。
选项：sarcastic。（答案）
9. Dialogue
要点：校园⾥⼀男⼀⼥对话，男的问mechanical engineering library怎么⾛，⼥
的告诉他要直⾛过了某个building后右转，⼀直⾛到左⼿边第⼆个建筑，进去之
后上三楼。然后他说⾃⼰不是学这个的，是来找朋友。⼥的说⾃⼰⼀开始读过
junior engineering course，所以知道路线，现在转读math了。男的表⽰⼥的很了
不起，并邀请她喝咖啡，⼥的说好，但是现在不⾏，等下课后，也许是晚上。
选项：穿过xxx后右转；（正确答案）
take the second left;
library在他右⼿边。
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10. Shakespeare
要点：莎⼠⽐亚的作品让读者难以理解，台词难。但现在有很多备注，并不影
响⼈们观看。
选项：modern⼈们很容易理解莎⼠⽐亚的language；
modern⼈们have difficulty理解莎⼠⽐亚的language。
11. Pan coating

要点：视频题，讲⼀款锅的coating的设计。
oil drop会不沾但是也不会完全隔开，可以作为⾐服的设计。
选项：这种新产品可以⽤于厨房，尤其是当厨师很粗⼼不够gentle对待
厨具等；（⼲扰项）
科学家可以⽤这种fabric对付harmful things；（答案）
产品可以实现commercial；（⼲扰项）
这种产品会很快⾯世。（⼲扰项）
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Listening MCM:
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1. Fat
要点：Good fat includes fish, olive oil, nuts.
Good fat protects heart and reduces cholesterol.
Fresh fish or canned fish are both OK.
Saturated fat is mostly in meat, diary, and pastries.
Although meat and dairy have saturated fat, they also have good nutrition
such as protein.
So instead of cutting them off completely, just substitute with low fat.
选项：saturated fat can be found in diary ⾷品⾥（正确答案）；有
saturated fat的东西也有其他营养（正确答案）。
(猩际官⽹/APP LMCM #52)
2. Animal surgery
要点：⼀个Melbourne University的男⽼师介绍他们的医学系，说他们do surgery
with monkey, elephants等动物，说他们partnerships with zoos，有什么imaging 设
备。
选项：The university gains more than zoos.
Imaging devices；
Students get别的地⽅得不到的experience。
3. Vet training school

要点：Australian vet training schools attracted many students to study, and they
started to increased the number of international students, and have received
international students from all over the world, such as North America, etc..
But they didn’t decrease the number of local students.
4. Positive psychology
What psychology has focused primarily on throughout the years, and that's over the
last one over a hundred year since William James, is mostly on the negative on
getting people from the negative to the zero point, to be OK, not to be sick. But then
as Henry Thoreau once said, most men live of quiet desperation. So quiet desperation
is not necessarily depressed, it's not necessarily anxious but it's not happy. And we're
not fulfilling our potential if we don't focus on things that go beyond zero. So positive
psychology came to rectify that you take us from the zero to the positive. But there is
another reason why positive psychology is important. And that is before
psychologists have found is that not only does it get us from the zero to the positive,
but it also strengthens our immune system, i.e. makes us more resilient when dealing
with the negative.
问：What’re the positive psychology contributions on treatment of depression?
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选项：to make patients happier(正确答案）
to strengthen the immune system(正确答案）
is less expensive(错误答案）
can treat patients quickly(错误答案）
to make a cure(错误答案）
5. Pregnant women
要点：⼀段采访，说⼀个因素对pregnant woman产⽣影响的研究，受访者提到
reason不同，location不同，⽐如美国东西两岸提到LA和某地，还有exposed的
时间也不同，⽐如⼀个孕妇从开始pregnant就⼀直expose，⼀个是expose三个⽉
后去了其他没有那个物质的地⽅。
问：研究者怎么做这个研究。
选项：different reasons；region。
6. Translating software
要点：⼀个软件可以把French翻译成English，只需要把text放进去，within 5
minutes，可以识别出某个词语是否为academic。还可以把text take a picture。
选项：这个软件可以把French interpret成English in 5 minutes;
这个软件可以在很快时间内分析text；
这个软件可以挑出重复的词；
这个软件可以⽤photo和text分析。
7. Mozzie
要点：讲mosquito吸⾎。
也许⼈的不同肤⾊对蚊⼦会有影响，但最吸引蚊⼦的是⼈体散发的
carbon dioxide。
并不是所有蚊⼦都是以吸⾎为⽣，也有吃nectar的；母蚊⼦是为了繁衍
后代，需要protein才吸⾎。
选项：only female mosquitos bite;(正确答案)
people’s reactions vary；(正确答案)
particular body parts会吸引蚊⼦。(⼲扰项)
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8. Course counseling
要点：⼀名⼥⼠咨询课程，说她之前有两份⼯作的经验。曾在⼤公司做
manager，后来在⼩公司需要⾃⼰掌控全局所以才来学习理论知识。
选项：她之前的公司⽐现在⼤;(正确答案)
她只有⼀份⼯作。(⼲扰项)
9. Expensive gift
要点：关于贵重的礼物话题。
提到a nice dinner is OK, but expensive gift就不太好。
提到journalist和media，貌似意思是关于媒体曝光。
问：what is the speaker’s concern或者what does he worry about?
10. Meaningfulness
要点：⼀男⼀⼥对话，男的说他以为以后会做community service的⼯作，但是
⼤学毕业后做了⼗⼏年某项很赚钱的⼯作。他有⼀天突然意识到⾃⼰不喜欢现
在的⼯作，应该去做⼀些有意义的事，让世界更美好，⽽不是赚钱。
11. Monkey experiment

要点：在树丛中放置⼀个speaker发出⼩猴⼦的叫声，测试母猴⼦听到后的反
应。结果是其他猴⼦会根据母猴⼦的反应⽽做出相应的反应。结论是猴⼦家族
的成员关系是怎样的。
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Listening FIB：
*备考策略: 熟悉题型 > 优先学习其他题型 > ⼤致浏览本周预测 > 练习题
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1. Neo-Latin
Those of you who've never heard the term neo-Latin, may be forgiven for thinking it's
a new South American dance craze. If you're puzzled when I tell you it has something
to do with the language of Romans, take heart, over the years many classes who have
confessed they are not really sure what it is either. Some have assumed that they are
so-called ‘Late-Latin', written at the end of the Roman Empire. Others have supposed
it must have something to do with the middle ages. Or perhaps it's that pseudo-Latin
which my five and seven-year-old boys seem to have gleaned from the Harry Potter
books, useful for spells and curses that they zip one another with makeshift paper ash
ones. No, in fact, neo-Latin is more or less the same as the Latin that was written in
the ancient world, classical Latin. So, what's so new about it?
(猩际官⽹/APP LFIB #85)
2. Traffic jam
For the first time, Japanese researchers have conducted a real-life experiment that
shows how some traffic jams appear for no apparent reason. They placed the 22
vehicles on a single track, and asked the drivers to cruise around at a constant speed
of 30 kilometers an hour. At first, traffic moves smoothly, but soon, the distance
between cars started to vary, and vehicles clumped together at one point on the track,
but the jams spread backward around the track, like a shockwave at a rate of about 20
kilometers an hour. Real-life jams move backward at about the same speed.
3. Integrated ticket
Well in 2004 we integrated ticketing in South East Queensland, so we have
introduced a paper ticket that allowed you to travel across all the three modes in
South East Queensland, so bus, train and ferry, and the second stage of integrated
ticketing is the introduction of a Smart Card, and the Smart Card will enable people
to store value so to put value on the card, and then to use the card for traveling around
the system.
4. William Shakespeare
For all his fame and celebration, William Shakespeare remains a mysterious figure
with regards to personal history. There are just two primary sources for information
on the Bard: his works, and various legal and church documents that have survived
from Elizabethan times. Naturally, there are many gaps in this body of information,
which tells us little about Shakespeare the man.
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5. Warmer ocean
The ocean has been getting bluer, according to a study published in the journal
Nature. But that’s not really good news for the planet. It means that the plants that
give the ocean its green tint aren’t doing well. Scientists say that’s because the ocean
has been getting warmer.
6. Water crisis 🔥
Now that story’s been scotched, as only part of contingency planning. But it was a
symptom of the dramatic turn of events in South Australia, and it flushed out other
remarks from water academics and people like Tim Flannery, indicating that things
were really much worse than had been foreshadowed, even earlier this year. So is
Adelaide, let alone some whole regions of South Australia, in serious bother?
Considering that the vast amount of its drinking water comes from the beleaguered
Murray, something many of us outside the State may not have quite realized. Is their
predicament something we have to face up to as a nation?
7. CEO 🔥
That brings us to the CEO's second duty: building everyone or more accurately,
building the senior team. All the executives report to the CEO, so it's the CEO's job to
hire, fire, and manage the executive team. From coaching CEOs, I actually think this
is the most important skill of all. Because when a CEO hires an excellent senior team,
that team can keep the company running. When a CEO hire a poor senior team, the
CEO is up spending all of their time trying to do with the team, and not nearly
enough time trying to do with other elements of their job. The senior team can and
often does develop the strategy for the company, but ultimately it's always the CEO
who has the final "go-no-go" decision on strategy.
8. Laurence Stephen Lowry

Laurence Stephen Lowry RBS RA was an English artist. Many of his drawings and
paintings depict Pend Lebury, Lancashire, where he lived and worked for more than
40 years, and also Salford and its surrounding areas. Lowry is famous for painting
scenes of life in the industrial districts of North West England in the mid-20th
century. He developed a distinctive style of painting and is best known for his urban
landscapes peopled with human figures often referred to as matchstick man. He
painted mysterious unpopulated landscapes, brooding portraits and the unpublished
"narionette" works, which were only found after his death.
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9. CPG
原⽂：In animals, a movement is coordinated by a cluster of neurons in the spinal
cord called the central contract patterns generator (CPG). This produces signals that
drive muscles to contract rhythmically in a way that produces running or walking,
depending on the pattern of pulses. A simple signal from the brain instructs the CPG
to switch between modes such as going from a standstill to walking.
10. Beautiful building

原⽂：Along the way, we have built unashamedly beautiful buildings, two of which
have won and been runner-up in the prestigious United Nations World Habitat Award:
the first time an Australian building has received that international honor. We rely on
older concepts of Australian architecture that are heavily influenced by the bush. All
residents have private verandas which allow them to socialize outdoors and also
creates some "defensible space" between their bedrooms and public areas. We use a
lot of natural or soft materials and build beautiful landscaped gardens.
11. Rammer
要点：第⼀个词应该是temporary，后⾯跟的是box，说的是把什么东西放到box
⾥。发⾳类似craft的那个单词后⾯是aspect of knowledge。这个词前⾯是说⼀个
theory很popular，but I think it’s a mistake, because there is still a __ aspect of
knowledge.
确定考到了popular, vernacular。
12. Bar code

Many different types of bar code scanning machines exist, but they all work on the
same fundamental principles. They all use the intensity of light reflected from a series
of black and white stripes to tell a computer what code it is seeing White stripes
reflect light very well, while black stripes reflect hardly any light at all. The bar code
scanner shines light sequentially across a bar code, simultaneously detecting and
recording the pattern of reflected and non-reflected light. The scanner then translates
this pattern into an electrical signal that the computer can understand. All scanners
must include computer software to interpret the bar code once it's been entered. This
simple principle has transformed the way we are able to manipulate data and the way
in which many businesses handle recordkeeping.
148/162
HCS:
149/162
1. Animal classification
要点：1800年people classify animals。
先说怎么分类mammal，再提到reptile，说它们是stupid animal。
When there came dinosaurs’ advent, they became stupid.
(猩际官⽹/APP HCS #42)
2. Extrovert and introvert
要点：关于management。manager要考虑到员⼯是extrovert还是introvert，奖励
他们时要有所不同，有⼈可能喜欢被公开表扬，有些⼈却更倾向于私下写个
note。
It is more important to recognize if the staff is introvert or extrovert than…
3. Autism
要点：⼀个电台⼥主持介绍⼀本叫做《The horse boy》的书，讲作者在全世界
找治疗他⼉⼦的autism（⾃闭症）的办法。后来在动物园找到⼀匹马，通过骑
马来治疗他⼉⼦的⾃闭症。
放了⼀段这本书的audio⽚段。
4. Global climate change

要点：视频显⽰⼤学教室⾥⼀个线图横坐标是1990（?)到2005，男教授讲过去
⼗⼏年全球变暖和温度的变化，纵坐标应该是温度。
教授提出中间有⼏个点温度变化很突然，结论是担忧以后温度继续上升。
5. Passive education
要点：speaker表⽰现在的教育过于passive，应该让学⽣更active。
教育有固定的schedule，⽼师们有很多materials例如handouts。
6. UK universities
要点：说为什么那么多⼈喜欢来UK念⼤学，但是学⽣们需要对⾃⼰要学习的
课程有所了解，也需要满⾜⼀定的requirement，⽐如语⾔上的。
150/162
7. Insomnia
要点：失眠有多种坏处，⼤脑会给胃发饥饿信号，其实并不饿。
Some are naturally hard to fall asleep, because of stress, taking naps in
daytime, or disorders.
失眠导致increase consumption of food and obesity。
Ways to improve the symptom include changing sleep patterns, lifestyle, etc.
8. Proofreading
要点：Proofreading has three elements：
read backward；read aloud；leave enough time.
9. Criminal behavior
要点：Criminal behavior has three types：
physical；psychological；social.
10. Hippocampus
要点：讲⼤脑⾥的sea horse，有关记忆功能，提到了tea spoon，rain drops⼤⼩，
只动1mm就会很⼤影响记忆function。
11. Lecture
要点：John slept too long because his alarm didn’t work.
He missed lecture about globalization.
Sally mentioned the lecture is difficult and boring.
He appreciates that Sally took notes so he can use.
151/162
12. Kidney Donation
要点：讲到美国在XXX年⼀对兄弟之间的肾脏捐赠。
现在肾脏移植的需求越来越⼤，且医⽣⾯临⼀个ethical的问题，似乎捐
肾者捐完后⾝体变差。
选项包括：医⽣和patient。
13. Less water

要点：⽤⼀个仪器检测植物中的⼆氧化碳和⽔的含量。提到了C12和C13。
选项：需要更少的⽔（need less water）。（答案）
14. Timetable
要点：男⽣⼥⽣的对话，谈到timetable。
选项：男⽣提到timetable，让⼥⽣觉得confused，这是因为Britain English and

American English；
男⽣说了a technical word，⼥⽣不明⽩。
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SMW：
153/162
1. Project manager
要点：视频题。lecturer是⼥声。
最后⼀句说到盖房⼦是project的原因是every house （beep…）
选项：vision;
hear。
(猩际官⽹/APP SMW #60)
2. Democracy
要点：Some people ask question：some countries aren’t ready for democracy. But
my answer is no country is fully ready for anything else.
选项：All countries should adopt democracy(正确答案）；
Democracy isn’t suitable some countries(⼲扰项);
Some countries aren’t ready for democracy(⼲扰项)。
3. Shopping experience
要点：negative experience。
主要讲customer如果不满意商品，他们不会跟retailer抱怨，反⽽会跟朋
友或者其他⼈抱怨。他们不会再去那个retailer，如果其他⼈有negative...
（Beep）
选项：experience(正确答案）。
4. American neighborhood
要点：讲American neighborhood。前半段说了environment和people living around
问：⼈们为什么选那⾥作为destination?
选项：environment ;
interaction；
neighborhood。

154/162
5. Country development
要点：讲欧洲发展，造成环境破坏，所以要遵循某约定。
如果⼀个国家发展，without这个约定，那么…
6. Stars
要点：讲外太空星星很多，离得近，或者很暗。
所以很难observe，就像searching a candle flame without a beam of （beep）
选项：searchlight（正确答案）。
7. Eclipse
要点：关于⼈们⽤什么⽅法来观赏eclipse，最后⼀句话的倒数第⼆个单词是
lunar（beep）。
选项：eclipse；night；moon。
8. Lincoln
要点：很多不了解美国历史的⼈都认为是林肯解放了⿊奴，是美国的英雄，问
这种stories会怎样。
选项：misleading。
9. Evolution
要点：达尔⽂的进化论difficult to accommodating?
选项：xxx behavior；
genetic；
individualism；
evolutional xxx。
155/162
10. Coach
要点：全篇很多次重复coach这个词，⼤致讲你对感兴趣的东西才能好好学，所
以要找⼀项感兴趣的学科，然后找⼀个coach，这样才能好好掌握所学的东西。
选项：better at it。（答案）
11. Oil company

要点：关于oil company。
若⼲年以前，油价和物价上升。
Oil companies contribute to revenue.
选项：重复；
上升；
downturn；
保持稳定；
backlash。
156/162
HIW：
备考策略: 海量练习题精练 (1.2 倍速，争取全对)
Exam Strategy: Practice abundantly with 1.2 speed until 100% correct
157/162
An article
原⽂：What's an article? I was asking myself this very question in the post office
yesterday, standing in line waiting to sign for, as it so happens, an article. A postal
article. Not the postal article. Now before we get ahead of ourselves, an article in
English is a word that precedes a noun, and simply indicates specificity. This sounds
quite complicated, and to be honest, it's quite complicated to say without spraying
everyone within 15 feet, but the concept's quite simple. The definite article in English
is the word "the", and indicates a specific thing or type; for example, the train is an
hour late. By contrast, the indefinite article in English is any of the words "a", "an" or
"some", and the indefinite article indicates a non-specific thing; for example, would
you please pass me an apple. We always precede a word with "a" if it doesn't start
with a vowel sound. For example, take a hike; I'm spending a Weekend at Burnie's; or
there's a Knight in Shining Armour. Similarly, we precede words with the indefinite
article "an" if they do start with a vowel sound, for example, an ostrich, an enormous
mess or an Occupational Health and Safety Policy.
(猩际官⽹/APP HIW #16)
158/162
WFD:
*备考策略: 全部机经精听精练 > 本周预测
注意: 考试中经常出现题⽬变种，⼏个词会被替换，考试中还是要注意听，不
要盲⽬写机经原句。
Exam Strategy: Elaborately practice all the examination questions > This weekly
prediction
Note: The real examination questions vary by a few words being replaced, which test
takers should pay full attention, without quoting the question bank verbatim.
159/162
The theme of the instrumental work exhibits more of a demure,
#478
compositional style.
Good research delivers practical benefit to real people. #129
The meeting has some struggling overlaps. #421
Animals and plants have a number of cells in common. #997
Our study program equips students with central skills for university. #855
The article reflects a number of interesting experiments. #856
Students should leave their bags on the table by the door. #1008
Salt is extracted from sea water. #996
A regional assembly was moved to the devolution of power. #18
Studying history can help you better understand the present. #859
The synopsis contains the most important information. #471
The sociology department is highly regarded worldwide. #464
Aerial photographs were promptly registered for thorough evaluation. #35
The artists tied with the conservative politicians earned the roles of #346
critics.
The coffee machine on the third floor is not working today. #984
Neuroscience is a compound of completely separate parts. #860
The commissioner will allocate the funds among other authorities. #365
Your lowest quiz grade has been omitted from the calculations. 🔥 #592
We study science to understand and appreciate the world around us. #559
Free campus tour runs daily during summer for prospective students. #16
This article refers to a number of interesting experiments. #519
Climate change is a fierce phenomenon concentrated by scientists. #84
Let me know if anyone struggles in the lab. #183
The students were instructed to submit their assignments before Friday. #467
Clinical placements of nursing prepare students for professional
#879
practices. 🔥
The railway makes long-distance travel possible for everyone. #446
Before submitting your dissertation, your advisor must approve your
#69
application. 🔥
The bank is hoping to tap into a fast growing market. #862
Scholarship applications must be handed in at the end of the month. #863
Many universities' lectures can now be reviewed on the Internet. #864
Air pollution is a serious problem all over the world. #866
New media journalism is an interesting area for study. #868
160/162
We are rethinking the solutions for the society. #869
Plagiarism in a test is very severe. #871
Marine environment has been destroyed by pollution and unsustainable
#874
development.
Calculators allow us to add numbers that we all made mistakes. #876
We should never underestimate the power of creative design. #877
Trees benefit the city by absorbing water running off road. #878
This course aims to develop your knowledge of statistics. #880
Many diseases on the list have been eradicated. #886
This advanced course requires a basic knowledge of economic theory. #888
Eating fish twice a week is a recommendation of health diet. #893
There are many different styles of business management. #894
The course covers architecture planning and construction on the #895
international scale.
The rising of the sea level indicates climate change. #900
Children start producing words before they are able to walk. #899
Packages are likely to be used in many computers. #902
The food crops require a large amount of water and fertilizer. #903
Academic libraries across the world are steadily incorporating social
#904
media.
We are dealing with the most challenges that we face today. #905
In written assignment, a detailed literature review is important. #906
The goal of the company is to get investment. #910
Designers need to keep up with the social trend. #913
Practical experiments are essential parts of chemical classes. #915
You will be tested via quiz and dissertation. #926
The university provides different facilities for students and staff. #929
New developments in manufacturing are constantly changing the way
#930
we live.
The course involves pure and applied mathematics. #933
Studying medicine is always with a wide range of opportunities. #934
Classical mechanism is considered as a branch of mathematics. #936
Renovation work is currently being undertaken throughout the whole
#937
building.
The chemistry building is located near the entrance of the campus. #360
The article reflects various interesting experiments. #341
More muscles are used in swimming than other sports. #939
The city's founder created a set of rules that became the law. #362
161/162
You are required to complete the research paper by Monday. #574
The artists and conservative politicians earn their rules of politics. #1
Your application for a research grant has been received. #938
Climate change is now an acceptable phenomenon among reputable
#696
scientists.
Psychologists say what we have experienced influences our behaviors. #945
Farms need to adapt to the changes of climate. #948
Babies can distinguish between what is language and what is not. 🔥 #949
Honey can be used as food and health product. #951
Two sides have disagreed on how to solve the problem. #953
The library will stay open until midnight this week. #960
Information technology has changed the way people work today. #972
Protective clothing must always be worn in the laboratory. #631
Assignments should be submitted to the department before the deadline. #62
The library holds substantial materials of economic history. 🔥 #849
Review all resources before drawing your conclusions. #269
Native speakers are examined by their language tests in their own
#208
languages. 🔥
The qualification will be assessed by using criterion-referenced
#445
approach. 🔥
The undergraduates need some specific sources to analyze a program.
#9
🔥
The policy aims to increase the investment in foreign currency. #976
Field trips are essential parts of most geography courses. #990
The department is doing research on biology. #1018
Physical health can be improved by regular training. #1019
People have been independent by using phones in everyday life. #1020
The English degree is a worthy degree of the third year. #1021
The English degree is a worthy degree of the third year. #1022
—————————————————————————————————
*谢谢您的阅读，下期再见！
**获取更多PTE学习资料请访问http://www.apeuni.com。
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猩际PTE 8⽉月12⽇日~8⽉月18⽇日⾼高频预测机经 更更多机经请访问官⽹网www.apeuni.

1. December sales ----------------------------------------------------------------- 13

3. Lenient parents 🔥 -------------------------------------------------------------- 13

5. Blue (B) 🔥 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 13

6. Nutritional bankrupt -------------------------------------------------------------13

8. Educational demand ------------------------------------------------------------14

9. Beauty contest ------------------------------------------------------------------14

10. Herbivore ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 14

11. Body composition -------------------------------------------------------------14

12. Companies ---------------------------------------------------------------------14

13. Augustus ------------------------------------------------------------------------15

14. Statistical information ---------------------------------------------------------15

15. Recycling ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 15

16. Shrimp farm --------------------------------------------------------------------

17. Fast food🔥 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 15

18. Business school admission -------------------------------------------------- 15

19. Hazard assessment ----------------------------------------------------------- 16

20. Divorce -------------------------------------------------------------------------16

21. Flattened world ----------------------------------------------------------------16

22. Botswana’s AIDS -------------------------------------------------------------- 16

23. Tea ceremony ------------------------------------------------------------------16

25. Tesla&Edison ------------------------------------------------------------------17

26. Industrial revolution 🔥 -------------------------------------------------------17

27. Internal combustion engine -------------------------------------------------- 17

28. Lincoln -------------------------------------------------------------------------17

29. Electric car 🔥 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 17

30. Semiconductor industry -------------------------------------------------------18

31. Population growth -------------------------------------------------------------18

2. Chiang Mai Weather -------------------------------------------------------------23

3. Beijing weather ----------------------------------------------------------------- 24

4. Switzerland Language ----------------------------------------------------------24

5. London Fleet Street ------------------------------------------------------------25

6. Solar yard light -------------------------------------------------------------------25

8. Economic inactivity -------------------------------------------------------------- 26

9. Pencil length ---------------------------------------------------------------------27

10. Food pyramid ------------------------------------------------------------------27

11. Sleep hours 🔥 ----------------------------------------------------------------28

12. Food&oil price ------------------------------------------------------------------28

13. Most livable states ----------------------------------------------------------- 29

14. Forest Annual Change ---------------------------------------------------------29

15. Rhino distribution -------------------------------------------------------------30

16. Frog life cycle ------------------------------------------------------------------30

17. Temperature and Precipitation ------------------------------------------------31

18. Egypt Trading -------------------------------------------------------------------31

19. 100% Health 🔥 ---------------------------------------------------------------32

20. Tree Ring and Saw 🔥 -------------------------------------------------------- 32

21. Sunrise & Sunset -------------------------------------------------------------- 33

22. Sprouting ----------------------------------------------------------------------33

23. Population&Consumption ----------------------------------------------------- 34

24. Luxembourg age group -------------------------------------------------------- 34

26. Air temperature ----------------------------------------------------------------35

27. Laboratory plan ----------------------------------------------------------------36

28. Hight of tree -------------------------------------------------------------------- 36

29. Landuse of India ---------------------------------------------------------------37

30. Length of fish ------------------------------------------------------------------37

31. Apple life cycle 🔥 ------------------------------------------------------------38

32. Palm oil production ----------------------------------------------------------- 38

33. Gariep basin -------------------------------------------------------------------39

34. Green bin program -------------------------------------------------------------39

35. Water Distribution -------------------------------------------------------------- 40

36. Income of bachelor 🔥 -------------------------------------------------------- 40

1. Implicit&Explicit memory 🔥 ---------------------------------------------------42

2. Food quantification 🔥 ---------------------------------------------------------42

猩际PTE 8⽉月12⽇日~8⽉月18⽇日⾼高频预测机经更更多机经请访问官⽹网www.apeuni.