Universiti

Malaysia
Y PAHANG Englneering • • Creativity

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL & NATURAL RESOURCES ENGINEERING

FINAL EXAMINATION

COURSE : TRANSPORT PROCESSES

COURSE CODE : DKK1493

LECTURER : NOR HANUNI RAMLI

DATE : 10 JUNE 2014

DURATION : 3 HOURS

SESSION/SEMESTER : SESSION 2013/2014 SEMESTER II

PROGRAMME CODE : DKK

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE:

1. This question paper consists of FOUR (4) questions. Answer ALL questions.
2. All answers to a new question should start on new page.
3. All the calculations and assumptions must be clearly stated.
4. Candidates are not allowed to bring any material other than those allowed by
the invigilator into the examination room.

EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS:

1. APPENDIX - Related Formulas

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of SIX (6) printed pages including front page.
CONFIDENTIAL DKKI13 14111 DKK 1493

QUESTION 1

a) Explain the difference between heat and specific heat.

(2 Marks)
b) Discuss how does the heat transfer occurs and list THREE (3) types of mechanism
for the heat transfer?
(3 Marks)
c) A spherical, thin-walled metallic container as shown in Figure 1 is used to store a
in
liquid nitrogen at 77 K. The container has a diameter of 0.5 and is covered with an
evacuated, reflective insulation composed of silica powder with k 0.0017 W/m.K.
The insulation is 25 mm thick, and its outer surface is exposed to ambient air at 300
K. The thermal resistance for convection due to air at the outer surface is known to be
0.05. Determine:
1) Rate of heat transfer to the liquid nitrogen?
(10 Marks)
ii) The mass rate (kg/day) of nitrogen boiling-off?
(10 Marks)

,fVent
;Thinval led spherical
container, r = 0,25 m
Air —lnsuauon outer
•. - surface,
,2=0.275m
1

T.,300K -
Liquid nitrogen
Jr = 20 W/rn2K
J =77K
= 804 k/rn 3

q hfç, = 2 x 105 jç<

Figure 1: Schematic diagram for liquid nitrogen stored in a spherical container

'1

CONFIDENTIAL DKKJ13I4II1 DI(K1493

QUESTION 2

Air at a pressure of 6 kN/m 2 and temperature of 300 °C flows with a velocity of 10 m/s
over a flat plate 0.5 m long as shown in Figure 2.

a) Determine the cooling rate per unit width of the plate needed to maintain the
surface temperature at 27 °C.
(15 Marks)

b) If the velocity of the air and length of the plate are increased by 60 %, calculate
the new cooling rate per unit width to maintain the same cooling rate calculated in
(a).
(10 Marks)

T— 3001^ c
u=10ms -)-
p=6 kM/rn 2 0 •
T, 270C

LO5m—
Lx—
Figure 2: Schematic diagram for air flowing on the flat plate

3

CONFIDENTIAL DKKJ13 14111 DKK1493

QUESTION 3

An oil flows at the rate of 5.04 kg/s (Cpm = 2.09 kJ/kg.K) is cooled in a 1-2 heat exchanger
from 366.5 K to 344.3 K by using 2.02 kg/s of water entering at 283K
(Cpm4. 185kJ/kg.K). The overall heat transfer coefficient, U 0 is 340 W/m2.K.

a) Calculate the area required for the heat transfer process as mentioned above.
(13 Marks)

b) If the process is carried out in the 2-4 exchanger and mass of the oil is increased
for 50%, calculate the total area required to complete this process.
(12 Marks)

QUESTION 4

Uric acid (A) at 37 °C is diffusing in an aqueous solution of proteins (P) containing 8.2 g
protein/IOOmL solution. Uric acid binds to the proteins and over the range of
concentrations present, 1.0 g mol of acid binds to the proteins for every 3.0 g mol of total
acid present in the solution. The diffusivity DAB of uric acid in water is 1.21 x 10-5cm2/s
and diffusivity of the protein, D = 0.091 x 10-5cm2/s.

a) Assuming no binding occur, predict the ratio DAP/ D AB due only to blockage

effects.
(10 Marks)

b) Assuming blockage plus binding effects, determine the ratio of DAP/DAB.

(10 Marks)

c) Calculate the flux in g uric acid/s.cm 2 for a concentration of acid 0.05 g/L at point
(1) and 0 g/L at point (2) and at distance 1.5 p.m away.
(5 Marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

4
 DKKJ13 1411/ DKK1493
CONFIDENTIAL

APPENDIX

LIST OF FORMULA

Q
- rnhfgO

DAP( c AJ cA2)
NA =
Z2 -

%free A % bound A 1
DAP=[DAB(1_1.81x103cP)(
100 100
)J
DAP =DAB(1-1.81x103cP)

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

A3-3 Physical Properties of Air at 101.325 kFa (1 Atm Abs), SI Units

IL x 10 g/3p2Jp1
(Pa.s,or k 13X iO
T T p c ,,
N (i/K) (J/Kn3)
(kg/rn3) (kJ/kg . K) kgIrns) (W/ntK)
(°C) (K)
0.02250 0.720 3.92 2.79 X IO
-17.8 255.4 1.379 1.0048 1.62
0.02423 0.715 3.65 2.04 X 10
0 273.2 1.293 1.0048 1.72
0.02492 0.713 3.53 1.72 X 108
10.0 283.2 1.246 1.0048 1.78
0.02700 0.705 3.22 1.12 X 108
37.8 311.0 1.137 1.0048 1.90
2.03 0.02925 0.702 2.95 0.775 X 10
65.6 338.8 1.043 1,0090
2.15 0.03115 0.694 2.74 0.534 x 108
933 366.5 0.964 1.0090
0.03323 0.692 2.54 0.386 X 108
121.1 394.3 0.895 1.0132 2.27
2.37 0.03531 0.689 2.38 0.289 X
148.9 422.1 0.838. 1.0174
0.01721 0.687 2.21 0.214 X 108
176.7 449.9 0.785 1.0216 2.50
2,60 0.03894 0.686 2.09 0.168 X
204.4 477.6 0.740 1.0258
2.71 0.04084 0.684 1.98 0.130 X
232.2 505.4 0.700 1.0300
2.80 0.04258 0.680 1.87 0.104 X 10
260.0 533.2 0.662 1.0341

CONFIDENTIAL DKKI13141F DKK1493

/
1.0
0
0.9

0.8
k
0.7

0.6

0.5
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

T111 - Tci

(a)

1.0
7hi T110

0.9 Tco -. Tci

0.8
1

0.7
2

0.51 I I II I

0 0.1 0.2 03 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

co_, ci
Th,- T1

(b)

Fioui 4.9-4. Correction factor FT to log mean temperature difference: (a) 1-2
exchangers, (b) 2-4 exchangers. [From R. A. Bowman, A. C. Mueller,
and W. M. Nagle, Trans. A.S.M.E., 62, 284, 285 (1940). With per-
mission.]