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BEST OF LUCK!
Section A - Verbal Ability And Logical Reasoning
Read the following discussion / passage and provide an appropriate answer for the questions 1 through
4 that follow.
Eliyahu Goldratt’s The Goal: The Process of Ongoing Improvement was first printed in 1984. Ever since it was
published the book has sold more than one million copies. Goldratt’s business model is based on two principles.
The first principle defines three ways to measure whether or not businesses are achieving the goal of making
money. These three measurements are interrelated and easy enough to apply to any process. The three measurements
are throughput, or “the rate at which the system generates money through sales;” inventory, or “all the money that
the system has invested in purchasing things that it intends to sell;” and operation expense, or “all the money the
system spend in order to turn inventory into throughput”. The second principle of Goldratt’s model relates dependent
events and statistical fluctuations to the manufacturing process. Dependent events are processes that must first
take place before other ones can begin . An example would be a car assembly line. Before the engine is put into the
car, the frame must be finished and the steering wheel cannot be attached until the steering column is put into place,
and so on. Statistical fluctuations occur when one is unable to precisely predict events or quantities. The book
presents an excellent example illustrating this principle. Alex and Jonah sit in a restaurant and Jonah points out that
they are able to precisely predict the capacity of the restaurant by counting the available seats. On the other hand,
they are unable to predict how long the waiter will need to fulfill their order. This uncertainty is referred to as
statistical fluctuations.
Using these two principles we are able to apply them to the traditional business model. This model relies on
forecasting and efficiencies. In this system, it is constantly the goal to reduce cost of production and keep processes
running at maximum efficiency. In many cases, this model is on a microlevel because it accounts for specific areas
of the system instead of focusing on the entire system. For example, it is most efficient to have every worker and all
machines running constantly at 100%. If this is the case, a company gets the most out of their investment in the labor
force. Companies realize that 100% is a utopian figure and scale it to an acceptable range of 85% to 95%. This
efficiency rating is then used to forecast how long it will take for processes to occur and a production schedule can
be determined. Oftentimes this schedule is inaccurate and companies miss out on opportunities to make money.
Instead of focusing on the actual capacity of the entire system, capacities are determined for individual stages,
limiting the company’s ability to make money. The business model illustrated in The Goal: A Process of Ongoing
Improvement can remedy this situation. In 1992, Goldratt titled his model the Theory of Constraints (TOC) after
a book he wrote with the same title. It suggests that companies should scale their entire production to the process
within the system with the lowest capacity; the bottlenecks. This will make the system appear less efficient, because
areas in the factory may stay idle if they have a much higher capacity than bottleneck areas. However, implementing
this approach will directly add to the bottom line. The Theory of Constraints uses dependent events and statistical
fluctuations as its base. Using the three measurements, we can see why limiting production to traditionally inefficient
rates actually increases the bottom line. The starting point to understand this concept is throughput. Every time
throughput increases, the company’s sales increase, which directly adds to the bottom line. Throughput can only
increase if the area of lowest capacity increases its rate of throughput. Running areas of the factory that have higher
capacities at 100% will not increase the overall throughput of the system, and sales do not increase. The measure
that increases is inventory, because the factory produces parts that cannot be assembled into finished goods until
the area of lowest capacity produces enough parts. Inventory is an investment of money and thus subtracts from
the bottom line. Keeping large amounts of inventory will further subtract from the bottom line, because warehouse
space is costly. Lastly, running every worker and machine at 100% seems efficient but does not help the bottom
line by reducing operational expense. The worker has been paid regardless if he or she works at all times. Machines
1. A manufacturing business using the Theory of Constraints in its operations is unlikely to focus on
A. Reducing operational expenses.
B. Ensuring every machine runs at maximum efficiency.
C. Sales at the expense of lowering the efficiency of some workers.
D. Adding to the bottom line of the firm.
E. Bottlenecks in the production process. (2 Marks)
2. Which of the following can be best defended as essential for the Theory of Constraints to work in a business?
A. A management bent on maximizing the return from their investment in the labor force.
B. Low efficiency of machine/workers.
C. Clearly defined processes.
D. The ability to exactly forecast demand for finished products.
E. Large amounts of inventory. (2 Marks)
3. Based on the above passage, which of the following statements is best justified?
A. Instead of the traditional approach of starting with whether a business is making money or not, TOC
concentrates on improving the production processes by removing bottlenecks.
B. The Theory of Constraints eschews production schedules and instead depends on precisely predicting
events and quantities.
C. Goldratt’s TOC concentrates on scaling the entire production to the process with the lowest capacity.
D. Goldratt’s model concentrates on bringing up the efficiency of processes that can be characterized as
dependent events and leaves statistical fluctuations to be dealt with by traditional forecasting.
E. The Theory of Constraints concentrates on determining capacities for individual stages instead of focusing
on the capacity of the entire system thereby ensuring that the labor and machinery in a business work
efficiently. (1 Mark)
4. What could be the best defence for “limiting production to traditionally inefficient rates”?
A. TOC concentrates only on specific areas with low capacity in the factory and not on the system as a
whole.
B. This way there will always be enough inventory to meet unpredictable demand.
C. Operational expense is not the primary concern of TOC which concentrates on increasing sales.
D. The Theory of Constraints factors in both dependent events and statistical fluctuations.
E. The throughput of the system is determined by the rate of throughput at the area with the lowest capacity
in the factory. (2 Marks)
The option that best fills the blanks in the above sentence would be:
6. We then looked at valuations of these companies and zeroed in ______ companies whose price earnings
multiple was less _______twenty-five; to add to our comfort, we also checked ______ the revenue and
earnings growth for the past three years.
The option that best fills the blanks in the above sentence would be:
A. for, to, on
B. for, to, at
C. on, to, at
D. on, than, on
E. at, than, on (1 Mark)
7. _____ you have a doubt or not, it’s always advisable to ferret _____ pertinent research papers when
tackling a new project _____your own risk.
The option that best fills the blanks in the above sentence would be:
A. restrain: release
B. circumscribe: allow
C. control: liberate
D. circumspect: indiscreet
E. upbraid: praise (1 Mark)
The use of this work, honoured with a precedent in Aristotle, is nothing less than to give contentment to the appetite
of curious and vain wits, as the manner of Mirabilaries is to do; but for two reasons, both of great weight: the one
to correct the partiality of axioms and opinions, which are commonly framed only upon common and familiar
examples; the other because from the wonders of Nature is the nearest intelligence and passage towards the
wonders of art, for it is no more but by following and, as it were, hounding Nature in her wanderings, to be able to
lead her afterwards to the same place again. Neither am I of opinion, in this history of marvels, that superstitious
narrations of sorceries, witchcrafts, dreams, divinations, and the like, where there is an assurance and clear evidence
of the fact, be altogether excluded. For it is not yet known in what cases and how far effects attributed to
superstition do participate of natural causes; and, therefore, howsoever the practice of such things is to be condemned,
yet from the speculation and consideration of them light may be taken, not only for the discerning of the offences,
but for the further disclosing of Nature. Neither ought a man to make scruple of entering into these things for
inquisition of truth, as your Majesty hath showed in your own example, who, with the two clear eyes of religion and
natural philosophy, have looked deeply and wisely into these shadows, and yet proved yourself to be of the nature
of the sun, which passeth through pollutions and itself remains as pure as before. But this I hold fit, that these
narrations, which have mixture with superstition, be sorted by themselves, and not to be mingled with the narrations
which are merely and sincerely natural. But as for the narrations touching the prodigies and miracles of religions,
they are either not true or not natural; and, therefore, impertinent for the story of Nature.
9. From the passage, which of the following can be inferred about author’s viewpoint regarding the work of art
discussed?
A. Wonders of art cannot be conceived without the wonders of Nature.
B. Wonders of art are nearest to the wonders of Nature.
C. Nature might disclose itself in the supernatural yet the latter shouldn’t be used to reveal the former in a
work of art.
D. Intelligence is closest to Nature but is rare in Art.
E. Effects of Nature on the supernatural are partially known. (2 Marks)
10. Which of the following is the author of the passage mainly concerned with?
A. Presenting a defence of the work of art with respect to its use of supernatural details.
B. Pointing out the negatives in a work of art
C. Stating two positive perspectives of looking at the book or work of art
D. Presenting an argument about the role of supernatural in Nature
E. Condemning the use of supernatural in the book (3 Marks)
The rule that a theory which contradicts experience must be excluded from science and replaced by a better theory
was invented by Aristotle. It was repeated emphatically by Newton, and it plays an important role in the methodology
of modern sciences. However this rule is simply dogma since there is not a single theory that is in agreement with all
the facts in its domain.
11. To which of the following statements would the author of the passage agree the most?
A. To say that theory A is better than theory B is to overlook the fact that different theories operate in
different domains.
B. The fitness of a theory is determined by the number of real life applications it gives rise to.
C. Ancient Greek thought laid the foundations of modern science.
D. A theory is only as good as the number of facts it can successfully explain and any theory A that explains
more facts and situations than theory B, including the facts and situations explained by theory B, should
replace theory B.
E. No scientific theory A should replace an older theory B just because the older theory contradicts certain
experiences that theory B does not. (2 Marks)
12. Which of the following statements, if true, challenges the idea presented in the passage the most?
A. To say that theory A is better than theory B is to overlook the fact that different theories operate in
different domains.
B. The fitness of a theory is determined by the number of real life applications it gives rise to.
C. Ancient Greek thought laid the foundations of modern science.
D. A theory is only as good as the number of facts it can successfully explain and any theory A that explains
more facts and situations than theory B, including the facts and situations explained by theory B, should
replace theory B.
E. No scientific theory A should replace an older theory B just because the older theory contradicts certain
experiences that theory B does not. (2 Marks)
13. The prime problem encountered by all materialist, determinist and self-interest theories, including selfish
gene theories, is one of explaining, or even ________, apparent instances of spontaneity, creativity and
altruism; the moment they are encountered, they are _______, transubstantiated into some other phenomenon
than that which our senses witnessed and our minds ________ them to be; they are translated from what
our experience says they are into something _______ with materialist preconceptions and the unfathomably
complex is reduced to the readily comprehensible.
The option that best fills the blanks in the above sentence would be:
Assuming the above statement to be true, which of the statements logically follows from it?
A. I
B. I, IV
C. I, III & IV
D. I, III
E. I, II, III & IV (1 Mark)
15. Sociologists claim that the importance of parental connection in the early years has been hyped. Until now
the popular notion was that if children do not spend the first three years of their lives in close contact with
their parents their development suffers considerably. But experts now contend that children are resilient and
continue to develop throughout their lives.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the sociologists’ argument?
A. Eighty-five percent of children who live in orphanages since birth grow up to be well-adjusted, outgoing
adults later in life.
B. Researchers, who have examined the life histories of children who have grown up to be well-balanced
adults despite many challenges in their lives, consistently find that the majority have had a stable, supportive
relationship with at least one parent throughout their lives.
C. Some child prodigies were cared for by people other than their parents when they were babies.
D. Children are known to forget bad experiences as their cognitive abilities are not completely developed
when they are young.
E. Children need to develop close connections during the first few years of their lives in order to grow up to
be well-balanced individuals. ( 1 Mark)
16. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the sociologists’ argument presented in the previous
question?
A. Eighty-five percent of children who live in orphanages since birth grow up to be well-adjusted, outgoing
adults later in life.
B. Researchers, who have examined the life histories of children who have grown up to be well-balanced
adults despite many challenges in their lives, consistently find that the majority have had a stable, supportive
relationship with at least one parent throughout their lives.
C. Some child prodigies were cared for by people other than their parents when they were babies.
D. Children are known to forget bad experiences as their cognitive abilities are not completely developed
when they are young.
E. Children need to develop close connections during the first few years of their lives in order to grow up to
be well-balanced individuals. (1 Mark)
18. A wine shop owner finds that patrons spend more money in his store when classical music rather than recent
hits are played in the background. The owner stocks up on more items in every price range and also starts
playing classical tracks in his shop.
Which of the following statements, if true, points to an oversight in the owner’s strategy?
A. Patrons spend more time in the store when classical tracks are played than when recent hits are played.
B. Patrons in a specific age group are less responsive to classical tracks.
C. Patrons buy more expensive wines when classical tracks are played, but the total number of items
bought decreases.
D. The majority of patrons frequent the store because of the range of products available there.
E. Consumers have different tastes in classical music. (1 Mark)
19. While he had no _______ understanding the motivations of the _______rebels violently reacting to the
______ of the politician, he did feel a ______ at the heartstrings for the blissful days there was no going
back to.
The option that best fills the blanks in the above sentence would be:
A. telic, tenebrose, tug, triptych
B. trouble, truculent, truisms, tug
C. tryst, tenue, tilth, tith
D. trouble, torpid, tonant, tow
E. tryst, turgid, tourbillon, tug (1 Mark)
20. He ________ up the witness through careful questioning and made him contradict his own story. The
witness had previously tried to ____ his statement somewhat to show himself in a favorable light, but now he
had to _____ out the truth.
The option that best fills the blanks in the above sentence would be:
A. trotted, trip, trip
B. tinged, trot, truss
C. trotted, tinge, trust
D. tripped, tinge, trot
E. tied, trip, trust (2 Marks)
the greater the reliance on pre-capitalist economic relations then the more successful capitalism is in raising
the rate of surplus value let us note that if the process of relying on household production were carried to its
limit the value of variable capital would disappear and with it wage labor
A. ,→.→. →,→,→,→.
B. , →,→. →,→,→.
C. :→ , → - → , → . →.
D. , →,→.→: → .
E. , →,→.→; → . (1 Mark)
22. My parents wished to _________ me from taking up the project, but realising that my mind was made up
ceased to ____________
The option that best fills the blanks in the above sentence would be:
A. convince, persuade
B. dissuade, remonstrate
C. persuade, dissuade
D. prevent, hamper
E. reason, interfere (1 Mark)
24. Read the following sentences and choose the option that best arranges them in a logical order.
I. If we are concerned about others on the basis of a conscientious desire to do our duty or adhere to
certain moral principles, then our concern for them is mediated by moral thinking, and someone, therefore,
who cares about the welfare of others without having to rely on or be guided by explicit moral principles
(or thinking) is more connected with those others than someone who acts only on the basis of such
mediating principles (or thought).
II. So the ethic of care or caring stresses connection with others both in what it says about the normative
basis of morality and in what it says about the ways in which moral goodness shows itself within a
morally good life; and by the same token, traditional Kantian or contractarian views of rights and justice
give a double importance to separateness or autonomy from others through the grounds they adduce
for moral/political obligation and the stress they place on being guided by moral principles or judgments
within the moral life.
25. Read the following sentences and choose the option that best arranges them in a logical order.
I. But Jana Kobzova, an analyst at the European Council on Foreign Relations, said she thought the no
vote would make eurosceptic politicians in other countries less willing to rock the boat in future ballots.
II. In an ill-tempered press conference following Tuesday night’s vote, she railed at the “irresponsible” and
“populist” politics of the SaS, which she said had failed to realise that “we are a small and export-
oriented economy, and we need partners around us”.
III. The big question analysts are now asking is whether Slovakia’s disobedience will become contagious,
emboldening other eurozone parliaments to follow its lead and say no next time the bailout mechanism
– the European financial stability facility – needs another cash injection.
IV. The soon-to-be-ex-prime minister, Iveta Radicova, was in no doubt that it was the SaS party, a member
of her own ruling coalition, that had sabotaged the bill and caused the government to collapse.
V. Raoul Ruparel, an economist at Open Europe, a thinktank campaigning for reform of the EU, said:
“Even if Slovakia’s no vote becomes a yes vote by the end of the week, I do think it will encourage
those countries that have already expressed their reservations about the lack of control over the guarantees
they have offered – the Netherlands, Finland, Germany and Austria in particular – to be more vocal in
the future.”
VI. “The SaS are the losers in this. The vote will go through without them later, but they will lose their place
in government,” she said. “Politicians in other countries may be more wary of following their lead lest
they too lose their jobs.”
The political commentators’ argument above is based on which of the following assumptions?
A. The country had introduced some measures to curb global warming in the past.
B. The T party is becoming more popular with the voters and their candidate has a good chance of becoming
president.
C. Members of the T party on the whole do not consider global warming to be an important election issue.
D. The presidential candidate from the T party will endorse the views of the majority of party members.
E. There are no rival factions within the party. (1 Mark)
Analyse the following passage and provide appropriate answers for the questions 27 and 28 that follow
it.
Steven Sverdlik’s Motive and Rightness is an impressive and wide-ranging treatment of an important but relatively
under-explored question: Can the motive of an action affect its deontic status? (That is to say, does an action’s
motive ever determine whether that action is right or wrong?) According to Sverdlik, the answer is yes: Motives
matter.
Motives Matter (MM): There is an action X such that if X were performed from one motive it would fall into one
deontic category and if X were performed from another motive it would fall into a second deontic category in virtue
of this difference in motives.
In addition to defending the claim that motives matter, Sverdlik is also interested in figuring out which substantive
moral theory can provide the most plausible explanation of the deontic relevance of motives. His conclusion is
that extrinsic consequentialism (about which more below) does the best job of providing the desired explanation.
Consideration of this explanatory question makes up the bulk of the book (Chs. 3-7), with the first two chapters
introducing terms and examples, and the last two chapters answering additional questions that arise along the way.
So. Do motives matter? Thinkers as diverse as Aristotle, Kant, and Mill have given (or implied) negative answers,
but typically without providing much of an argument . And it does seem that an argument is needed, since almost
everyone will grant that there are plenty of moral judgments (e.g., judgments about a person’s character) that can be
affected by motives. So why not moral judgments about an action’s deontic status? Moreover, there are some
motives — including malice, racism, and the desire for money — that do seem capable of making a difference to
the deontic status of actions. For example (55-58), it seems that a racist motive might make refusing to shake
someone’s hand wrong when otherwise it wouldn’t be. (We don’t, however, want to say that motives always [or
even typically] matter, because we want our conceptions of obligation, permissibility, and wrongness to be mostly
objective.)
27. Which of the following is most likely to be the source of this passage.
A. A book review
B. A treatise on philosophy
C. A newspaper editorial.
D. A debate on “Do motives matter?”
E. An interview (1 Mark)
29. The Hawthorne effect has become a term referring to the tendency of some people to work harder and
perform better when they are participants in an experiment; behavior is changed due to the attention subjects
receive from the researchers, rather than because of any manipulation in dependent variables. In the clinical
trial setting, the effect may be defined as the additional clinical response that results from increased attention
provided by participation in the clinical trial. And in fact, improvement in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials is
often greater than improvement seen in the clinic. Interestingly, follow-up clinical trials consistently show
durability of response. A recent study presented at this year’s American College of Rheumatology annual
scientific meeting in Atlanta examined 264 rheumatoid arthritis patients, the goal to assess the effect, if any,
of the Hawthorne effect, and whether the results of clinical trials are upwardly biased by this phenomenon.
As for the results, it was found that all study measures improved during the trial, and worsened thereafter.
These measures included assessments of activities of daily living, pain and fatigue. The Health Assessment
Questionnaire score improved by 41.3% during the trial, but only by 16.5% when the endpoint was the
post-trial result. Likewise, pain improved by 51.7% during the trial, and by 39.7% at the post-trial time
point; the respective percentages for fatigue were 45.6% and 24.6%. By way of conclusion the authors of
the study found that significant improvement noted in the clinical trial disappeared upon entry to a non-
sponsored follow-up study. Such changes are apparently due to the Hawthorne effect.
Identify the statement that is logically consistent with the contents of the paragraph
A. Participation in a clinical trial can often lead to short-term improvements in the patient’s condition due to
the attention and empathy she/he receives from her/his fellow sufferers.
B. The values of patient reported rheumatoid arthritis outcome variables in clinical trials are usually upwardly
biased; the effect of treatment is actually less than is observed and subsequently disseminated in articles
in journals and interviews in the media.
C. Patients tend to underreport improvements in their condition to ensure that they continue to receive close
attention from researchers.
D. Problems with the health assessment questionnaire used in the first clinical trial could have led to the
anomalous responses from patients.
E. In the context of the clinical trial, there was tangible improvement in the pain tolerance of patients due to
the Hawthorne effect. (3 Marks)
S: “This world” we call it, not without justifiable pathos, for many other worlds are conceivable and if discovered
might prove more rational and intelligible and more akin to the soul than this strange universe which man has
hitherto always looked upon with increasing astonishment. The materials of experience are no sooner in hand than
they are transformed by intelligence, reduced to those permanent presences, those natures and relations, which
alone can live in discourse. Those materials, rearranged into the abstract summaries we call history or science, or
pieced out into the reconstructions and extensions we call poetry or religion, furnish us with ideas of as many dream
worlds as we please, many different and some conflicting each other, but all nearer to reality than is the actual chaos
of perceptual experience, and some nearer to the heart’s desire.
B: All genuine questions must have one true answer and one only, all the rest being necessarily errors; in the second
place, that there must be a dependable path towards the discovery of these truths; in the third place, that the true
answers, when found, must necessarily be compatible with one another and form a single whole, for one truth
cannot be incompatible with another-this we know a priori. We are doomed to choose, and every choice may
entail an irreparable loss.
30. Which of the following statements is Blurb most likely to object to?
i. Dream worlds can be closer to reality than actual perceptual experience.
ii. The materials of experience are reduced to permanent presences and it is only these presences that can
live in discourse.
iii. Poetry and religion are not likely to represent reality as reliably as concrete perceptual experience can.
iv. The ideas of dream worlds we create can conflict each other, but these ideas can be close to reality.
v. Discourse is incompatible with truth since discourse mostly involves reconstructing natures and relations
derived from experience.
A. iv only
B. iii and v
C. i and v
D. i, ii and iv
E. i, ii and iii (2 Marks)
31. Which of the following statements is logically consistent with Stake’s views above?
A. It is necessary that reality conform to our desires since it is through our experiences that our desires are
created and thereby our sense of what is real.
B. The more rational a world, the closer it must be to reality.
C. Perceptual experience cannot contribute to a conceptualization of reality in its various manifestations.
D. Dream worlds can serve as tools for conceptualizing reality since they do not incorporate raw perceptual
experience.
E. The universe humans inhabit is contiguous with the human soul. (2 Marks)
Five reviews of the recently published self-help book How to Win Friends and Influence People in the Digital
Age are reproduced below. The reviews and the reviewers are identified as indicated by the numbers.
A. Although it’s been 75 years since Carnegie’s landmark How To Win Friends and Influence People was
published, his approach to communication is still relevant today. In this new book, readers are advised to
consider the listener before speaking and to avoid criticism, condemnation, and complaint. Integrity is essential,
and it’s important for one to admit wrongdoing or wrong speaking. Unlike most other self-help books, this
updated book offers easy-to-employ strategies for lasting, productive progress in conversations as well as
collaborations in business or personal life.
B. How to Win Friends and Influence People in the Digital Age, like others of its ilk, perpetuates the idea
of choosing who we want to be not considering that the imperative to ‘become yourself’ has begun to work
against us, making us more anxious and more acquisitive rather than giving us more freedom.
C. Filled with sentences like “Today’s biggest enemy of lasting influence is the sector of both personal and
corporate musing that concerns itself with the art of creating impressions without consulting the science of
need ascertainment”, this unfortunate “revision and updating” of the Carnegie book is a big step backward—
a step you can avoid making by buying the original book, which is actually very readable, whereas this
“new” version is so full of managerial jargon that it’s incomprehensible to the ordinary reader.
D. Three-quarters of a century after the original, How to Win Friends and Influence People in the Digital
Age has hit the shelves. Out goes much of the old advice on how to impress and befriend people with face-
to-face interaction or letters. Instead there is advice on how bloggers should interact with their readers and
a caution about how celebrities mishandle their public wrongdoings. There is heavy and sometimes unnecessary
use of managerial jargon. But that aside, this is a well-researched, informative book.
E. Dale Carnegie’s commonsense approach to communicating has endured for a century, touching millions
and millions of readers. The only diploma that hangs in Warren Buffett’s office is his certificate from Dale
Carnegie Training. Lee Iacocca credits Carnegie for giving him the courage to speak in public. Dilbert
creator Scott Adams called Carnegie’s teachings “life-changing.”
32. According to some concerned authors, self-help books are no longer objectively appraised these days.
For reviewers, the quality of a book does not matter anymore; it’s the work’s belonging to a certain genre
that seals its fate in the reviewer’s book. Based on the reviews given, which reviewer is most likely to have
objectively reviewed the book without being swayed by preconceived notions about the genre it belongs to?
(1 Mark)
33. Out of the five reviews, which one bases itself on an assumption about the sort of readership the book will
attract? (1 Mark)
34. Which reviewer eulogizes the author rather than critically review the book? (1 Mark)
Ontong’s Express Pizza Delivery Service guarantees delivery of hot pizzas within 45 minutes of placing the order,
failing which they offer the order for free. After an order is placed it takes exactly 20 minutes for the order to get
ready for delivery. A pizza delivery boy has to deliver orders of six people – Arjun, Boman, Crystal, Dhiraj,
Ekansh and Fiza – all of whom placed an order at the same time. The delivery boy travels on a bike at an uniform
speed of 30 km/hr and it takes him exactly 2 minutes to deliver the pizza and complete the transaction at each
person’s place. There are no other factors which can affect the average travelling speed of the delivery boy.
The table given below shows the distance (in km) between the places of the six people. E.g. distance between the
places of Arjun and Boman is 3 km.
The table given below shows the distance (in km) between the Delivery Unit and the places of the six people.
35. If the delivery boy takes the shortest possible route, covering all the six places, then how many of the six
people will get their order for free?
A. 4
B. 3
C. 2
D. 1
E. 0 (3 Marks)
36. The delivery boy goes to Ekansh’s place immediately after going to Dhiraj’s place. Also, the road connecting
the places of Arjun and Dhiraj is blocked. What is the minimum time taken by the delivery boy to deliver
pizzas at all the six places and reach back the Delivery Unit?
A. 42 minutes
B. 54 minutes
C. 48 minutes
D. 50 minutes
E. 62 minutes (3 Marks)
Five countries – India, Pakistan, Australia, Kenya and England – participated in a Cricket tournament. Each
country played exactly two matches against each of the other four countries. A match between two countries was
never played in a third country. E.g. An India-Pakistan match could be played in either India or Pakistan but not in
Australia, Kenya or any other country. It is also known that:
(i) Kenya did not play both the matches against any country at home (in Kenya).
(ii) India and England were the only countries who played both the matches against exactly two countries at
home.
(iii) One of the India-Kenya matches was played in Kenya.
(iv) Both the Pakistan-Kenya matches were played in Pakistan.
(v) The two India-Australia matches were played in two different countries.
46. There were exactly five pairs of teams between whom the two matches were played in two different countries.
If exactly three matches were played in Kenya, then what was the number of matches played in Pakistan?
A. 2
B. 5
C. 4
D. 3
E. None of these (2 Marks)
53. What is the immediate course of action for the VP-HR to take?
A. Issue a warning to employees against whom complaints have been received.
B. Start work on a more effective hiring and promotion mechanism, train the present supervisors and warn
those who have behaved inappropriately.
C. Work on tackling each issue by first understanding the existing liability, developing a risk management
system to close gaps and prevent future liabilities.
D. Hire an external consultant to further study the issues and present an action plan.
E. Follow a “carrot-and-stick” approach – punish offenders and reward good performers. (1 Mark)
54. Assuming that nonsupervisory employees often work 12 hour shifts, what would be the best way that an
Appropriate Workplace Behaviour training could be imparted to them?
A. Ask the employees to come in on a weekend and schedule the training programme during this time.
B. Schedule a 20-day training programme during which the employees would be expected to stay an extra
hour after work for their training.
C. Introduce an in-house training programme that would be conducted over a period of 15-days every six
months.
D. Introduce an easily accessible training programme whose modules could be accessed online/through
video; with follow up done by HR.
E. Take the employees on a 10-day outbound trip and include a team building process along with the
training programme. (2 Marks)
Read the following caselet and choose the best alternative (Questions 55-56):
Company X has decided to go in for a change in its organization structure and with that a change in the culture.
Preliminary studies have shown that the organization and its employees are fast approaching a stagnation point and
a way to move forward is towards change. Informal news of this change has been making the rounds of the
organisation for many months – most of the speculation has been negative and rumours are that downsizing will be
the first outcome. Human Resources (HR) feels that it is time to do something about this level of speculation as it is
creating an unhealthy environment and distrustful employees.
55. What should HR do? Choose the option that puts together the courses of action in the most logical manner.
1. Employees given a road map of the entire change process.
2. Senior management to decide upon the rate and degree of change the organization can absorb.
3. Road map of change – the processes involved and timelines to be drawn up.
4. Identification of the gaps that exist and need to be filled before a major organizational change.
5. Scheduling a comprehensive employee development programme to handle the change.
A. 24351
B. 24315
C. 42315
D. 42351
E. 43215 (3 Marks)
Read the following caselet and choose the best alternative (Question 57):
A pharmaceutical company has called in a consultant for conflict resolution. The company has traditionally seen
conflict between the Research & Development (R&D) department and the Finance department. R&D feels that
Finance is too stuck on systems and procedures and needs to cut some slack for special circumstances and during
emergencies. Finance does not trust R&D. They feel the department takes things too easy and does not work
enough to justify the funds that they continually ask for. This has created a difficult work environment with executives
from both departments refusing to cooperate with each other and the managers playing their own political game.
The consultant has put down a list of problems after his preliminary discussion with both departments.
1. Unclear or inadequate administrative procedures
2. Inadequate people resources
3. Uncertain project schedules
4. Conflicting responsibilities
5. Conflicting goals and priorities.
57. Addressing which three of the problems listed above would resolve the conflict described in the passage?
A. 1, 2 and 3
B. 2, 3 and 5
C. 1, 4 and 5
D. 2, 3 and 5
E. 3, 4 and 5 (2 Marks)
Read the following caselet and choose the best alternative (Question 58):
Vivek Chandra is the Director of a large Indian NGO. Chandra has been heading the NGO for the last two years
and has managed to establish himself as a caring and jovial boss. Of late, though there have been disturbing
behavioral changes – lapses of silence, anger and frustration. Chandra had recently lost a member of his family and
the staff felt that this was his coping mechanism. They assured themselves that soon he would be back to being his
old self. However, in the last month his behavior has only worsened. There have been disagreements with the
Governing Board followed by angry outbursts. But the most disturbing fact is that a day ago Chandra was found
drinking in his office. The Board was immediately informed.
58. The Governing Board has taken this as a very serious offence and is considering action. Which of these
would be the best course?
A. Call for a meeting without Chandra and unanimously vote for him to leave.
B. Call an emergency meeting and ask Chandra to take an immediate leave of absence until a further
decision can be taken.
C. Call for a psychologist to counsel Chandra in his office and hope that he recovers immediately.
D. Speak to the staff, gather evidence of Chandra’s misdemeanors so it can be presented as a case against
his continuance as Director.
E. Understand Chandra’s predicament and tell him that you will support him as long as he does not drink in
office anymore. (1 Mark)
501
C 4 × 12
A.
501!
501
C 4 × 10
B.
501!
C4 × 9
501
C.
501!
C 4 × 18
501
D.
501!
E. None of these (2 Marks)
The table given below shows the observations made during a war that took place between Ladakabad and its
neighbouring country Jhagdalupur in the year 2010. “Covered Area” under Attack Mode indicates the percentage
territory of Jhagdalupur attacked by one squadron during its flight while under Defence Mode it indicates the
percentage territory of Ladakabad defended by one squadron during its flight. “Fighters Jets lost” indicates the
percentage of fighter jets lost per squadron per flight during the war.
Jambala Dagra
Attack Defence Attack Defence
Mode Mode Mode Mode
Covered Area (Percentage territory per Squadron) 8.33% 10.00% 4.00% 12.50%
Fighters Jets lost (Per Squadron per flight) 33.33% 25.00% 25.00% 8.33%
60. At some point during the war, for a period of 24 hours, the entire enemy terrritory (Jhagdalupur) was under
attack while the entire territory of Ladakabad was also being defended at the same time by the two air
bases. The number of fighter jets lost by the two air bases during this period was at least
A. 144
B. 104
61. At some point during the war, for a period of 48 hours, five squadrons from Jambala and the rest from Dagra
air base were continuously defending the entire territory of Ladakabad. If no squadrons from either Jambala
or Dagra air base were attacking the enemy during these 48 hours, what was the number of fighter jets lost
by the two air bases during this period?
A. 66
B. 76
C. 90
D. 102
E. 112 (2 Marks)
62. During the war, Dagra air base was damaged completely and could not be used any further. Thirty squadrons
were still available at Jambala air base. For how many more hours would Jambala air base be able to defend
the entire territory of Ladakabad?
A. 108 hours
B. 120 hours
C. 90 hours
D. 96 hours
E. None of these (2 Marks)
63. The sum of the digits of a number is subtracted from the number itself. The result lies between 275 to 300.
How many such numbers are possible?
A. 12
B. 18
C. 20
D. 27
E. None of these (2 Marks)
64. Mr. Meter was going from Kashmir to Kanyakumari by his car. When he started his journey the odometer
of his car showed a reading of 00000 km. On the way Mr. Meter realized that the odometer of his car was
not functioning properly and displayed ‘δ’ in between 4 and 5 (i.e. after 34, first it showed 3δ and then 35).
Odometer of the car at the end of journey showed a reading of 009δ5 km. Find the distance traveled by Mr.
Meter during the entire journey.
A. 1149 km
B. 594 km
C. 1171 km
D. 1271 km
E. 716 km (1 Mark)
66. Peculiarities of ‘Chalata- Firata’ tribe are: neither an outsider can enter nor a resident can leave the tribe and
no one dies unless he/she is killed by someone else in the tribe. There are exactly seven beggars in the tribe.
Three of them are notorious criminals and killers; they rob and kill those who give alms to at least one of
them on the same day. Rubbagubba, a resident of the tribe, gives alms to exactly three of the seven beggars
on 23rd of a month. What is the probability that Rubbagubba would not be alive on 24th of the month if there
is no other killer in the tribe except the three?
4
A.
35
7
B.
35
9
C.
35
18
D.
35
31
E. (1 Mark)
35
A Read HT only B Read ET only C Read Hindu only D Read HT and ET both
E Read HT and F Read ET and G Read all three
Hindu both Hindu both newspapers
45 40% 45
40 40
35 35
30 30
25%
25 23% 25 20% 20%
20 20 19%
15% 15% 15% 14%
15 12% 15 12%
10%
10 10 5%
5 5
0 0
A B C D E F G A B C D E F G
In the year 2009, all the people living in Andher Nagri read newspaper(s) and nobody bought two copies of the
same newspaper.
67. If the number of men who read all the three newspapers was double the number of women who read at least
two newspapers and the total number of women in Andher Nagri in 2009 was 1,000, what was the number
of men who read at most two newspapers in 2009?
A. 16,600
B. 8,270
C. 12,540
D. 14,400
E. None of these (1 Mark)
68. The circulation of ‘Hindu’ was banned in Andher Nagri. 60% of the males reading only Hindu switched to
ET while the rest switched to HT. 50% of the females reading only Hindu switched to ET while the rest
switched to HT. Anybody who used to read any other newspaper along with Hindu simply stopped reading
Hindu. If the total number of men was 20,000 and the total number of women was 15,000 in Andher Nagri,
find the number of copies of ET in circulation in Andher Nagri after the implementation of ban.
A. 19,150
B. 19,330
C. 22,330
D. 6,150
E. 21,250 (2 Marks)
A. 60
B. 80
C. 240
D. 140
E. 120 (3 Marks)
70. x, y and z are real numbers. If xyz = 1, x + y + z = 2 and x2 + y2 + z2 = 16, then what is the value of
1 1 1
+ + ?
(xy + 2z) (yz + 2x) (xz + 2y)
A. 10
4
B. –
13
C. 0
D. –1
2
E. (3 Marks)
7
Question No. 71 is followed by two statements labeled as I and II. Decide if these statements are
sufficient to conclusively answer the question. Choose the appropriate answer from the options given
below.
71. Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral such that one of its diagonals is a diameter of the circle. If AB = 72cm,
find the measure of the diagonal which is not the diameter of the circle.
I. Radius of the circle is 45 cm.
II. Side opposite to AB is of length 45 2 cm . (2 Marks)
73. What was the total number of shares distributed by Mr. Moneywaala among his five sons?
A. 5,724
B. 5,760
C. 5,640
D. 5,688
E. Cannot be determined (2 Marks)
74. What was the number of shares received by the son who got both Company A and Company B shares?
A. 848
B. 1,094
C. 1,080
D. 1,436
E. None of these (1 Mark)
All the charges given above are in Rupees except when mentioned otherwise. The given call charges in any
category apply beyond the specified free usage. Revised call rates while on Roaming will apply only on outgoing
calls while the incoming calls remain free. Free seconds/minutes cannot be used while on Roaming. Service Tax is
calculated on the sum of all the other charges. A plan can be activated only on the first day of a month and can be
terminated only on the last day of a month.
75. Mr. Govardhan uses the Airkel’s post-paid connection. In a particular month, he made 120 minutes of Local
calls, 93 minutes of STD calls and sent 100 Local SMSs. He also made 40 minutes of outgoing calls and
received 20 minutes of incoming calls while on Roaming . If he hadn’t subscribed to any Add-On service,
how much did he pay as the mobile bill for that particular month?
A. Rs. 640
B. Rs. 756
C. Rs. 686.60
D. Rs. 717.32
E. Rs. 746.48 (1 Mark)
77. Mr. Banerjee uses the Cheeers post-paid connection. In a particular month he made 20 minutes of outgoing
calls while on Roaming, 120 minutes of Local calls, 120 minutes of STD calls, 125 minutes of ISD calls, sent
250 Local SMSs and subscribed to three different Add-On services. Also, the government had reduced the
rate of Service Tax on telecom services from 13.5% to 10% from that month onwards. All the statements
given below are correct except:
A. He would have saved Rs. 267.85 in that month by using Wodafone.
B. He would have saved Rs. 129.50 in that month by using Ideas.
C. He would have saved Rs. 322.245 in that month by using Slice.
D. He would have saved Rs. 205.15 in that month by using Airkel.
E. He paid the maximum in that month by using Cheeers out of the five service providers. (2 Marks)
78. Mr. Harihar works in the Operations department of an educational institute and is required to send bulk
SMSs to students informing them of their class schedule. Every month he sends 14,000 – 15,000 Local
SMSs. He currently uses the Slice post-paid connection. New telecom rules don’t allow sending more than
5,000 SMSs per month and so he needs to purchase two more mobile connections. Every month
Mr. Harihar makes Local calls of more than 600 minutes and STD calls in the range of 360 to 400 minutes.
Which of the following will prove to be the best choice for Mr. Harihar?
A. Two additional connections of Slice.
B. A new connection each of Wodafone and Ideas.
C. A new connection each of Slice and Airkel.
D. Two new connections of Airkel.
E. A new connection each of Airkel and Ideas. (3 Marks)
79. Given that product of a two-digit number AB and 74 is a three-digit number EEE, where A, B and E are
distinct non zero digits. What is the value of ‘E’?
A. 9
B. 7
C. 6
D. 8
E. None of these (1 Mark)
C1 A
C2
C B D
A. 10 cm
B. 7.5 cm
C. 5 cm
D. 9 cm
E. 6 cm (1 Mark)
81. There were 320 students in the premises of an ongoing college fest. A student can take part in any of the
three activities — Dance, Debate and Drama. Ten students took part in all the three activities and
201 students took part in Debate. Number of students who took part in Dance and Drama but not in Debate
is one-third the number of students who took part only in Drama. Number of students who took part in
Dance and Debate but not in Drama is equal to the number of students who took part in Debate and Drama
but not in Dance and is 1 more than the number of students who took part only in Debate. Twenty-nine
students just came to enjoy the performances. Number of students who took part in Dance is 27 more than
the number of students who took part in Drama. Find the number of students who took part in Dance.
A. 54
B. 45
C. 137
D. 154
E. 68 (1 Mark)
82. Seven one day matches are to be played between India and Australia in an ODI series. In a single match
5
probability of India winning is . The result of each of the matches will always be conclusive i.e. there will
9
be no draw and the team winning at least 4 matches out of the 7 will be the winner of the series. Find the
probability that India will win the series.
56
A. 4745 ×
97
54
B. 949 × 7
9
56
C. 949 ×
97
83. In an isosceles triangle ABC, AB = AC. An equilateral triangle A′BC is drawn such that the line joining
A and A′ cuts side BC at point D. Which of the following cannot be the sum of the measures of
∠DAC and ∠DA′C ?
A. 75°
B. 60°
C. 90°
D. 120°
E. All of these (1 Mark)
84. Total number of bananas with three friends – Moti, Sumit and Manky – is 10. The sum of the reciprocals of
the number of bananas with the three friends is 1. If the number of bananas with each of the three friends is
an integer, which of the following could be the difference between the number of bananas with Moti and
Sumit?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 0
D. 1
E. Either (A) or (C) (2 Marks)
800
600 627
567
472 513
400 352 403
200
0
January February March April May June
Month
40%
38%
35%
32%
30%
26% 24%
25% 24%
20%
18% 18%
15% 16%
14%
10% 10%
8%
5% 5%
0%
January February March April May June
Month
89. ‘A’ is the sum of the squares of first ‘n’ natural numbers. How many values of ‘n’ are possible for which
A will be divisible by 7? (Given that n < 100).
A. 40
B. 39
C. 42
D. 44
E. None of these (2 Marks)
90. If ‘a’ is an odd natural number and ‘b’ is an even natural number, what is the total number of solutions of the
equation ab = 2a + b + 598?
A. 16
B. 12
C. 5
D. 6
E. 8 (2 Marks)
91. Let g(a, b) be a function defined on the set of positive integers such that
g(2, 2) = 2
g(a + 1, b) = g(a, b) + 2a
g(a, b + 1) = g(a, b) – 2b
for all positive integers a and b.
Find g(1007, 1006).
A. 2014
B. 2012
C. –2014
D. –2012
E. None of these (3 Marks)
93. In a sequence, a1, a2, a3. . . an, each term is an integer greater than or equal to 0. Also, each term starting
with the third is the difference of the preceding two terms. (a n+2 = a n – a n+1 for
n = 1). The sequence terminates at an if an–1 – an < 0. For example, 120, 71, 49, 22, 27 is a sequence of
five terms. Find the positive integer A so that the sequence 150, A, …... has the maximum possible number
of terms.
A. 90
B. 92
C. 93
D. 94
E. 96 (3 Marks)
94. Two cars race around a circular track at constant speeds starting from the same point. If they travel in
opposite directions, they meet in every 35 seconds. If they travel in the same direction, they meet in every 3
minutes and 30 seconds. How long would the faster car take to complete one round of the circular track?
A. 96 s
B. 84 s
C. 60 s
D. 72 s
E. None of these (1 Mark)
Answer questions nos. 95 and 96 based on the following information.
There is a park which is in the shape of a right-angled triangle. A tower is situated at the mid-point of the largest
edge of the park. The two perpendicular edges of the park subtend angles of 60° and 90° at the top of the tower.
Area of the park is 2592 2 m2 .
96. There is an insect at the vertex where perpendicular edges of the park meet and wants to crawl its way to the
foot of the tower. Find the minimum time (in minutes) for which the insect has to trek in order to reach the
foot of the tower, if it can only crawl along the edges of the park with speed of 20 ×10−2 m/s.
97. On a leisure trip to Las Vegas, Rashmi went to a casino where she decided to play a game of rolling three
unbiased die simultaneously. Rules of the game were as follows:
(i) Participation charge was Rs.200.
(ii) The amount paid to a participant at the end of each round was associated with the price factor(p),
given as:
p = ( x − 3)( y − 1)( z − 1)
where x, y and z are numbers turned up while rolling the die.
If p ≤ 2 , Rs.300 was paid, else no amount was paid.
What is the probability that Rashmi will make a profit?
A. 45.83%
B. 44.44%
C. 41.67%
D. 45%
E. None of these (3 Marks)
Answer questions nos. 98 to 99 based on the following information.
The line graph given below shows the percentage increase in CPI of five products, one from each of the five
sectors – FMCG, Medical, Education, Real Estate and Recreation – at the end of each quarter of the financial year
2010-2011. A financial year starts on 1st April and ends on 31st March next year.
8
7
P ercen ta g e in cre a se in C P I
6
FM CG
5
M ed ica l
4
E d u ca tio n
3 R ea l E sta te
2 R ec rea tio n
1
0
Ju n e 2 0 1 0 S ep 2 0 1 0 D ec 2 0 1 0 M a r 2 0 11
M o n th
98. If the cost of the product from Education sector at the end of the last quarter of the financial year 2009-2010
was Rs.10 lakhs, then what was the approximate average quarterly increase in cost (in Rs.) of the product
over the four quarters of the financial year 2010-2011?
A. 20,000
B. 33,000
C. 42,000
D. 45,000
E. 48,000 (3 Marks)
99. The increase in the cost of the product from FMCG sector at the end of the first quarter of the financial year
2011-2012 was Rs. 20,000 and the percentage increase in CPI was 3.2%. Find the approximate increase
in the cost (in Rs.) of the product at the end of the last quarter of the financial year 2010-2011.
A. 7,800
B. 12,500
C. 14,400
D. 9,800
E. 8,400 (3 Marks)
100. A pole situated on the ground is supported by two wires. One end of each wire is attached to the top of the
pole and other end is fixed to the ground at the points P1 and P2. The distance between points P1and P2 is 20
meters and the line joining P1 and P2 does not pass through the foot of the pole. The wires fixed to P1 and
P2 make angles 30° and 60° with the ground respectively. The height of the pole is ‘h’ meters. Which of the
following statements is true?
A. 5 3 ≤ h ≤ 10 3
B. 10 < h < 20
C. 5 3 < h < 10 3
D. 10 ≤ h ≤ 20
E. None of these (3 Marks)
Question No. 101 is followed by two statements labeled as I and II. Decide if these statements are
sufficient to conclusively answer the question. Choose the appropriate answer from the options given
below.
A. Statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question.
B. Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question.
C. Statement I and statement II together are sufficient, but neither of the two alone is sufficient to
answer the question.
D. Either statement I or statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question.
E. Both the statements together are not sufficient to answer the question.
101. Find the remainder when ‘ap’ is divided by 4. (‘a’ and ‘p’ are positive integers)
I. ‘a’ is a prime number greater than 126 but less than 148.
II. a = 2p +1. (2 Marks)
You have to write an essay (length - one side of the page) on the following topic:
Essay Topic: "The atom bombs are piling up in the factories, the police are prowling through the
cities, the lies are streaming from the loudspeakers, but the earth is still going round the sun."
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