NOTHERN INDIA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

PROJECT SYNOPSIS
FOR
TORQUE CONVERTER FOR SLOW SPEED
MOTORS

Group Members: Univ. Roll No.

Ramendra Kumar Visen 0705640075

Samir Yadav 0705640081
Sandeep Kumar Gautam 0705640082
Satbir Singh Virdi 0705640085

Group Leader:

Mechanical Engineering
 4th Year
Circuit Diagram:
Summary:

This is a "torque converter" circuit for a 6V 2A battery drill motor.

It is designed to run at a extremely slow speed, yet be able to
increase its speed when it is about to stall under a heavy load,
thereby increasing torque to the load.

The motor and its drive circuitry (Drain and source of MOSFET
Q6) is on its own supply. V1, V2 powers the electronics. Both
supplies are common grounded. Under normal running conditions
the motor current is driven from V1 through Q6 and R8 with VgQ6
applied by the gate driver Q3. The Voltage drop across R8 is at a
determined value which keeps the motor running at a constant slow
speed. This is accomplished by the value of R7 which helps bias
Q3. Now Q1 and the trio of Q2 a, b, c, with its bias resistors form a
typical feedback voltage regulator. This VoQ1 is predetermined so
as to bias Q3 to the value needed as well as biasing VbQ4 to be at
cutoff. Q7 acts as a variable resistance across R23.

With the motor at slow speed transistors Q7, Q8, Q10, Q11, are
biased to be at cutoff. Now when the motor is heavily loaded it
begins to slow down more, this decreases it's apparent resistance
and more current flows through it at the same time more voltage is
dropped across R8 bringing VeQ5 lower until it is low enough for
Q4 and Q5 to conduct, it starts conducting the excess current from
the motor as it is stalling, and sends it into the
voltage Amplifier consisting of Q8,Q9,Q10,Q11 and its bias
circuitry, and then this amplified voltage is inputted into the base
of Q7 causing it to conduct whereby it begins to bypass current
around R23, bringing the VbQ2c, lower making it conduct less,
which in turn allows VoQ1 to rise more positive which will
increase VbQ3 and ultimately Q6 will rise more positive to drive
the motor at a higher voltage.
The Base of Q4 is tied to VoQ1 so that, as long as there is a need
to increase motor voltage during heavy loading the VbQ4 rides
along with the increase in voltage so as to keep it's base higher
than it's emitter thus continuing conducting as long as stall current
is flowing.

Once the motor load is released stall current no longer present then
the voltage amplifier shuts down which in turn cuts off Q7 then the
VoQ1 automatically drops back to its predetermined value which
then causes VbQ4 to drop below its Ve. (cut off) so as to allow the
motor to run at its normal slow speed again.