Good afternoon engineer and classmates, today Leidy Santisteban and I, Fiorella Facundo, will

are going talk about our thesis titled “Expert System for the Realization of Diagnosis for
Neurological Diseases. So let start

Gurafternun engeniar end classmeits, tiudey leidy Santisteban end ai Fiorella Facundo will ar
going tok abaut awer thisis taitold expert system for da rializeshion of diagnosis for
neurological disisis. So let start
Informatif aspect
1. Problem situeshion
People with neurological problems have sudden and unexpected changes and impairment.
The expert system supports the specialist in an area fully dominated by the doctor, It is
able to store the knowledge of an expert in a given and limited specialty.
Pipol wif neuroloyical problems haf siuden end anespect cheings end empeirment
Thi expert system supports the speshialist in an arrea fully domineited bai da doctor, it is
eibol tu stor da knawlesh of an expert in a guiven end limitd speshialty.
2. Saientific problem
Will the analysis, design and implementation of an expert system for a diagnosis of
neurological diseases help to quickly identify the type of disease you have and avoid
severe results?
Will da analisis, disain end implementeshion of en expert system for a diagnosis of
neuroloyical disisis jelp tu cuickly identifai da taip disisis yu haf end avoid sevier
results

3. Hypothesis jaipotheisis
Through the analysis, design and implementation of an expert system of diagnosis of
neurological disorders is considerably reduced, by reason of only a few minutes, the time
spent diagnosing a neurological pathology, obtaining results avoiding human failure slams
and providing the possibility to consult how that result has been reached.

Throug di analisis disain end implementeshion of en expert system for a diagnosis of

neuroloyical disorders is considerably rediusd, bai rison of only a fiu miniuts, da taim
spent diagnosing ner neuroloyical patholoyi, obtaining results avoiding jiuman feiler
slams end provaidning the possibility tu consult haw that result jas bin reich
4. General Objective:
Developing an expert system capable of diagnosing neurological diseases in a timely
manner, as well as helping to provide adequate guidance to support the doctor.

yeneral obyectif:
develouping en expert system capaboul of diagnosig neuroloyical disisis in a taimly
menner, as well as jelping tu provaid adquait gaidens to support da doctor.
5. Specific objectives
 Establish procedures to be used for the formulation and evaluation of patients
with neurological problems.
 Develop a knowledge base through the experience that the expert in the area of
Neurology can provide.
 Build a prototype Of Expert System.
 Design and develop the Expert System.
  Evaluate the results obtained by the Expert System.

Specific objectif

- Establish procediurstu bi iusd for da formuaishon end evalueshion of pashients with

neuroloyical problems
- Divelop a knawlesh beis trouth di expirriens dad di expert in di arrea of neurologi can
provaid.
- Bild a prototaip of expert system
- Disain end divelop thi expert system
- Evalueit da results obteind bai di expert system
6. Justification and Importance
In medicine, patient health is paramount, especially when it comes to neurological
diseases that are a little harder to diagnose.
Therefore, the importance of expert systems is that they are able to emulate a human
expert in some area so they can answer queries, make inferences on a particular topic.
The implementation of an expert system will help reduce the time for diagnosis of any
type of neurological disease, obtaining totally reliable results.
Justificashion end importans
In medicin, pashinet jelt is parmountm, espeshially when it coms tu neuroloyical disisis
dad ar a tidol jarder to daignous.
Derfor, di importans of expert system is dad dey ar eibol tu emiuleit a jiuman expert in
som arrea so dey can anser queris, meik inferenses on a partqiular topic
Da implementeshion of an expert system will jelp redius da taim for diagnosis of eny taip
of neuroloyical disisis, obtening totally rilayabol results

Methodological Framework

1. Research Kind

Riserch kain

The type of research that has been conducted is pre-experimental.0

Da taip of Riserch dad jas bin condiutd is pri-experimental

2. Variable
variabol
Independent Variable:
Independent variabol
Expert System
Expet sistem
Dependent Variable:
dependent variabol

Diagnosis of neurological diseases

Diangosis of neuroloyical disisis
3. Background
backgraun
International Background
 Internashional bacgraun
Aguirre Iñiguez & Pinto Proaño (2015). Expert system for diagnosing the most common
tropical diseases and mandatory reporting at the equator. Santiago de Guayaquil
Catholic University, Guayaquil, Equator. This thesis conclude, that with this tool
interested users can make a self-diagnosis and avoid self-medication, problem difficult
to eradicate, which can cause even death.
____ and _____ (to tausen fiftín) in deiyer thesis taiteld : Expert system for diagnosis
da most common tropical end reporting at thi ecueiror. Santiagou de Guayaquil
catholic iuniversity, Guayaquil, ecueirot
Dis thesis conclud, dad with dis tul interrestd iusers can meik a self- diagnosis end
avoid self- mediqueshion, problem difficult to erradicait, wich can cos iven didth.
National Background
nashional bacgraun

Vargas Nichols (2017). System-based web application expert in disease diagnosis from
the Gynecology service iii Chimbote César Vallejo University, Nuevo Chimbote, Peru.
This thesis concludes that the web application based on expert system provides a
possible diagnosis to the disease that the patient suffers, since it is a program that
mimics human behavior in the sense that it uses the information that is provided to it
to be able to give an opinion on a particular topic.
___ (to tausen seventín) in deiyer thesis taiteld :system baisd apliqueishon in disisis
diagnosis form da gainecoloyi servis therd Chimbote , cesar Vallejo iuniversity, perru,
Dis thesis conclude dad da ueb apliqueshion beisd on expert system provaids a
posiboul diagnosis ty the disisis dad da pashient suffers, sins it is a pogram dad mimics
jiuman biheivior in da sins dad it iuses da informashion dad is provided tu it tu aibol
to guif an opninion on particular topic

Regional Background
Dávila Mundaca & Nomberto Coronado (2014). Design and implementation of an
expert system for the diagnosis of gastroenterological diseases at the Docente Belén
Provincial “Pedro Ruíz Gallo” University, Lambayeque, Peru. This thesis concludes
that, with the validation of the rules based on his knowledge and experiences of the
human expert, the Expert System was tested and the good handling of the information
provided was corroborated, making it fully manageable and flexible for the easily
interact ingestry for the patient in their diagnosis of disease.
reyional bacgraun
____ and _____ (to tausen fourtín) in deiyer thesis taiteld : disain end
implementeshion of an expert system for da diagnosis of gastroenteroyical disisis at
da docente belen provincial jospital . pedro ruiz gallo iuniversity, lamabyeque, perru.
Dis thesis conclud dad, with da valideshion of da ruls beisd on jis knowlesh end
experriences of da jiuman expert, da expert system was tested end da gud jandling
of da informeshion provaided was corroborreitd, meiking it fully managbol end
flexibol for di isily interact ingestry for da pashient in da diagnosis of disisis.

4. Theoric Base
Theoric bais

Artificial Intelligence
 artifishial inteliyens

Artificial Intelligence aims to build systems and machines that exhibit behavior that, if
carried out by a person, would be said to be intelligent. Learning, adaptability to
changing environments, creativity, etc., are facets that usually relate to intelligent
behavior.
artifishial inteliyens eims to bild systems end machins dad exaibit bijeivior dad, if
carried aut bai a person, gud be sed to be intelyent. Lerning, adaptability to changing
evairoments, crieitifty, itc
ar facets dad ushualy rileit to inteliyent bijeivior

Automatic Learning
A subfield of artificial intelligence that gives computers the ability to learn without
being explicitly programmed, that is, without requiring the programmer to indicate the
rules they must follow to accomplish their task but doing them automatically .

Automatic lerning
A siubfild of artificial inteligens dad gif compiuters da ability to lern withaut bing
explicity programmed, dad is, withaut, recuairing, da programmer tu indiceit da ruls
dey mast follow to accomplish, deir task bat duing dem automaticaly

Expert Systems
It can be defined as that computer program that contains the erudition of a human
specialist versed in a certain field of application.
Since an expert system aims to emulate the activity of human experts, it should, in
principle, be able to:
 Solve the problem that arises in the same way as the human expert.
 Work with incomplete data or insecure information (as the human expert
sometimes does).
 Explain the result obtained.
 Learn new knowledge on the fly

Expert systems

It can defaind as dad compiuter program dad contains da erudishion of a jiuman speshialist
versed in a cetein fild of apliqueshion

Sins an expert system eims to emiuleit da activity of jiuman experts, it shud, In principoul, be
eibol tu:

- Solf da problem dad arisis in da seim wey as da jiuman expert

- Work with incomplit data or inseqiur informashion. (as da jiuman expert somtaims
das)
- Expleain da result obtain
- Lern niuw knawlesh on da flai
-
 Expert Systems Shell
The Shell is a command interpreter that allows the administrator to run certain tasks.
But the Shell isn't just that, as command interpreters are a true programming language
that allows the administrator to automate and schedule tasks. Shell programs do not
need to be complicated, as in other languages, and are executed line by line so these
programs are known as shell script.
PROLOG
Logical programming languages are built to execute this type of task. Writing code is
simpler, because all engine logic is already implemented in the core of the language.

Expert systems shel

Da shel is a command interpreter dad alaws da administreitor to ran certein tasks.
Bat da shell isent yast dad, as command interpreters ar a true programing languash
dad alwas da administraitor tu automeit end skeshal task. Shell programs du not nid
to be compliqueit, as in oder langaush, and ar exeqiut lain bai lain so dis programs
are known as shel sicpt.

Prolog
Loyical programing languash ar bilt to execiut dis taip of tasks. Wraiting coud is
simpoul, bicos oll enyin loyic is alrredy implementd in da cour of da languash

Notaaaaaaa :D :
This-> des
These -> dis
5. Research Methodology
It is a methodology for the construction of knowledge-based systems, the result of
several projects within the ESPRIT program, for innovation and the application of
advanced computer technology.

Life cycle
Analysis: It is done to understand the problem from the point of view of the solution
that is intended to be developed. It consists of the specification of the external
requirements of the knowledge-based system and an analysis of the specific problem.
Design: In which a description of the behavior of the system (functional description)
and a physical description are made in which each of its components is specified in
detail.
System implementation: At this stage both the integration of the developed software
and its adaptation in the organization is considered.
Installation: It consists in the implementation of the system in order to start operating
 in the company, starting its production process.
Use: Activities related to the very management of the system and the outputs or
results that it provides are raised.
Maintenance and refinement of knowledge.

Reserch metholoyi
It is metholoyi for di construshion of knawlesh beisd system, da result of several
proyect within the esprit program, for inoveshion end da apliqueshion of advansd
compiuter tecnoloyi.

Laif siacol

Analisis: it is don tu understand da problem from da point of view of da solushion

dad is intended to be divelop. It consint of da specifqueshion of di external
recuairraments of the knawlesh beis
System end an analisis of da specific problem
Desain in in wich a descripshion of da bejeivior of da system (funshion descripshion)
end a physical descripshion ar meid in wick ich of its components is specifaid in
detail.
System implementeshion: at des steish both da integreshion of da dievelop software
end its adapteshion in da organisehion is considered.
Instaleshion: it consists in the implementeshion of da system in order tu start
opereiting in da company, starting its produshion process

Ius: activitis rileited tu da very manashment of da system end da outputs or results

dad it provaids ar reisd.

Meintenens end rifainment of knawlesh.

Development of the Proposal

Development of da prupousoul.

6. Expert System Planning

Expert system plening

Neurological Diseases of Expert System Diagnostics

Neuroloyical disisis of expert system diagnositcs

The brain, spinal cord, and nerves make up the nervous system. Together they control
all the functions of the body. When something goes wrong in a part of the nervous
system, you may have difficulty moving, talking, swallowing, breathing, or learning.
There may also be problems with memory, senses or mood.
Da brein, spinal cord, and nervs meik ap da nervious system. Tugueder dey control
oll da funshions of the bady. When something gous wrong in a part of da nervious
system, you mey haf difficulty
 Muving, toking, swalouing, birthing or lerning. Der mey olso be problems with
memory, sens or mud.

We have the following types of diseases:

We haf da following taips of disisis:
 Parkinson's disease … disisis
 Alzheimer disease … disisis
 Epilepsy - epilepsi
 Brain tumor brein tumor
 Stroke strouk
 Muscular dystrophy masqiular dystrophy
 Huntington's disease jantington disisis
 Viral meningitis Viral meninguitis

Conclusions

 Today technology has become very important and even

more important in the field of medicine, since it helps us
to solve problems, such as the use of expert systems to be
able to give a possible diagnosis towards the patient.
 In the way that the medical specialist in neurology
complies with the treatment of diagnosis of symptoms of
diseases, the Medical Expert System will contribute to the
increase of the level of satisfaction of the information
collection.
 The rules were validated based on the knowledge and
experience of a medical specialist in neurology, testing the
Expert System to verify the good management of the
information provided.
 The reduction in diagnosis time for patients with
neurological diseases was achieved.

CONCLUSHIONS
 Tudei tecnoloyi has bicom very important end iven mor important in
da fild of medicin, sins it jelps as to solf problems, sach as da ius of
expert systems tu bi eibol tu gife a posiboul diagnosis towars da
pashients.
 In da wey dad da medical speshialist in neuroloyi compalis with da
tetment od diagnosis of symptomps of disisis, da medical expert
system will contribiut to tda incris of da level of satisfactsion of the
informeshion colecshion.
 The ruls wer valideit beisd on da knawlesh end expirrians of a
medical speshialist in neuroloyi, testing di expertsystem to verifai
da gud manashment of da informashion provaided.
 Da reducshion in diagnosis taim for pashients with reuroloyical disisis
was achifd
The:

Di-> empeiza la sgte palabra con vocal

Recommendations

 In the development of the work only 9 neurological

diseases was considered, so it is recommended to extend
the inclusion of more diseases, as well as their symptoms.
 It is recommended to implement a database to register
patients so that they can have a control of their diagnoses
made.
 It is recommended to improve the expert system with
graphical interfaces for a better user experience.
 Conduct training aimed at neurology specialists, aiming
for the proper use of the system.
Recommendeshion

In da development of da work only nai neuroloyical disisis was considereid ,

so it is recommendend to extend da inclushion of mor disisis, as well as deir
symptoms.
It is recommendend tu implement a darabase to resyister pashients so dad
dey can haf a control of deir diagnosis maid.
It is recommended to improuf da expert system with graphical interfaices
for a better users expirriens.
Conducr training eimed at neurology speshialists, eming fotda prouper ius if
da sistem

Ojo: development ->

development
A continuación, haremos la demostración del sistema experto:
Aquí tenemos el menú principal donde:
La primera opción es consultar base de datos.
La segunda opción es clasificador.
Y la tercera opción es salir.
En la primera opción tenemos un submenú donde:
La primera opción es Muestra objetos; aquí se lista
enfermedades:
Tenemos las siguientes enfermedades:
Next, we'll do the expert system demo:
Next, well do da next system demo:
Here's the main menu where:
Hiar the mein meniu were
The first option is to query database.
Da ferst opshion is tu query darabase
The second option is classifier.
Da second opshion is clasifayer
And the third option is to get out
End da therd opshion is tu get aut .
In the first option we have a submenu where:
In da ferst opshion we haf a submeniu where
The first option is Show Objects; here is list diseases:
Da ferst opshion is shoe objects; here is list disisis.
We have the following diseases:
We haf da folowing disisis
Enfermedad de Parkinson también llamado Parkinson, Mal de
Parkinson, Parálisis Agitante y es de tipo Degenerativa
Enfermedad de Alzheimer también llamado Demencia Senil de
tipo Alzheimer y Alzheimer; que es de tipo Degenerativa
Epilepsia y es de tipo Trastornos convulsivos
Tumor Cerebral también llamado Cáncer Cerebral, Cáncer de
Cerebro y es de tipo Cáncer
Accidente Cerebrovascular también llamado Accidente Cerebral,
ACV, Apoplejia, Ataque Cerebral, Derrame Cerebral, Infarto
General y es de tipo Enfermedad de los vasos sanguíneos
Distrofia muscular, que es de tipo Gen defectuoso
Y por último, Enfermedad de Huntington, también llamado
Corea de Huntington, de tipo degenerativa
Parkinson's disease also called Parkinson's, Parkinson's
Disease, Agitating Palsy and is degenerative
____ diisis olso cold ___, ___ disisi, adgeriting polsi end is
digineretif
Alzheimer's Disease also called Alzheimer's-type senile
dementia and Alzheimer's; which is degenerative
______ disis olso coolld, ___ taip sinalv diminshap end
____ , wich is digineretif
Epilepsy type and is of type Seizure Disorders
Epelepsi taip end is of taip sishar disorders
Brain Tumor also called Brain Cancer, Brain Cancer and is
of type Cancer
Brein tumor olso cold brein cancer, brein cancer end it is
of taip of cancer
 Stroke also called Brain Accident, ACV, Apoplejia, Stroke,
Brain Spill, General Infarction and is type Blood Vessel
Disease
Stouk olso cold brein accident, ei ci vi, apoplejia, strouk,
brein spiull, yeneral infrashion end is taip bludd vessel
disis
Muscular Dystrophy, which is of defective Gentype
Miuscular dystrophy, wich is of detectif gentaip
And finally, Huntington's disease, also called Huntington's
Korea, degenerative type
End fainaly, jiuntingons disisis, olso coll jiuntingons’s
korria, digineretif taip
La segunda opción es muestra pregunta y lista todos los síntomas
de las enfermedades.
La tercera opción es muestra reglas y lista las enfermedades con
sus respectivos síntomas
Volviendo al menú principal, en la segunda opción se encarga de
consultar el diagnóstico, la cual realiza un conjunto de preguntas.
Por ejemplo:
The second option is to show question and list all
symptoms of diseases.
The third option is to show rules and list the diseases with their
respective symptoms
By going back to the main menu, in the second option it is
responsible for consulting the diagnosis, which asks a set of
questions.

Da second opshion is to show queshion end list ol

symptoms of disisis.
Da therd opshion is to show ruls end list da disisis with deir
respectif symptoms
Bai going back to da mein meniu, in da second opshion it
is risposaboul, for consulting da diagnosis, wich asks a set of
queshions

For example:
For exampou
Tiene dificultad para caminar nuestra respuesta será sí do
you have trouble walking?our answer will be yes
Du yu haf troubol woking ? auar anser will bi “yes”

Tiene fatiga? NO do you fatigued?

 fatig

Tiene dificultad para hablar? do you have trouble

speaking? Du yu haf troubol spiking?

Tiene hormigueo? Do you have tingling? tingling

Tiene visión borrosa? Do you have blurred vision? Blurred

vishion

Tiene contracciones musculares rítmicas? Do you have

rhythmic muscle contractions? Muscol contrashions

Tiene agitación? Do you have agitation? agitashion

Tiene mareos? Do you have dizziness? dizinis

Tiene amnesia? Do you have amnesia? amenshia
Tiene dificultad para pensar y comprender? Do you have
difficulty thinking and understanding? Du yu haf thinking end
understandning
Tiene espasmos? Do you have spasms? spamps

Tiene ansiedad? Do you have anxiety? amxishty

Tiene depresión? Do you have depression? depreshion

Tiene apatía? Do you have apathy? apathy

Tiene pérdida de peso? Do you have weight loss? Wiet luss

Tiene expresión facial reducida? Do you have reduced facial
expression? Redius fashial exprshion
Tiene alucinación?
Tiene convulsiones? Do you have seizures?
Tiene incapacidad para hablar? Do you have an inability to
talk? Inability tu tok
Tiene deterioro mental? Do you have mental impairment?
Mental impairment
Tiene olvido? Are you oblivion? Do you have hallucinations?
jalluciunations

Tiene falta de autocontrol? Do you have a lack of self-

control? A lack self control
Tiene habla confusa? Do you have confused speech?
Confusd spech
 Tiene debilidad muscular? Do you have muscle weakness?
Muscol wikness
Tiene dificultad para comer? Having trouble eating? Trouboul
ititng
Tiene anomalías en la forma de caminar? Do you have anomalies in the
way you walk? Anomalis in da waey you wok
Tiene dolor de cabeza? Do you have headache? hadech
Tiene escoliosis? Do you have scoliosis? scoliosis
Tiene desmayo? Do you have a blackout? blackout
Tiene entumecimiento en los miembros? Do you have
numbness in the limbs? Numbess in da limbs
Tiene discapacidad de aprendizaje? Do you have a learning
disability? Lerning disability
Tiene miocardiopatía? Do you have cardiomyopathy?
cardiomyopathy
Tiene movimiento ocular involuntario? Do you have
involuntary eye movement? Involuntary ais mofment
Tiene caminar constantemente de puntillas? Do you have toe-
to-toes constantly? Toi-to toi contstantly
Tiene respiración superficial? Do you have shallow
breathing? Shallow britingg
Tiene desarrollo tardío? Do you have late development? Leit
develoment
Tiene cambios en la personalidad? Do you have personality
changes? Personality chanshe
Tiene tendencia a quedarse sumido en un pensamiento? Do you
tend to get immersed in a thought? Get immersed in a thouht
Tiene erupciones rojas? Do you have red rashes? Red
reishes
Tiene vómitos? Do you have vomiting? vomiting
Tiene confusión? Are you confused? confiusd
Tiene respiración rápida? Do you have fast breathing? Jaf
breithing
Tipo de espasmos? Type of spasms? spamps

Pero también si no encuentra ninguna coincidencia con las enfermedades

registradas en la base de conocimiento, procede a registrar nueva enfermedad.
Por ejemplo, ahora registraremos una enfermedad llamada Meningitis,
procedemos a contestar las siguientes preguntas:
But also if it finds no match with the diseases recorded in the
knowledge base, it proceeds to register new disease.
For example, we will now record a disease called Meningitis, we
proceed to answer the following questions:
SE REPITE LAS PREGUNTAS DE ARRIBA XDXD
 Bat olso if it faidns no match with da disisis ricord in da
knawlesh beis, it proceds to reyister niuw disis
For exampol, we Will now ricord a disis cold meningitis, we
procced to anser da following queshions.

Nos pregunta el nombre científico de la enfermedad, en este caso es

Meningitis Viral, su nombre común Meningitis, y es de tipo Viral
Y luego registra la enfermad.
La ultima opción es Salir en donde el sistema finaliza.
He asks us the scientific name of the disease, in this case it is
Viral Meningitis, its common name Meningitis, and it is of a Viral
type
And then records the disease.
The last option is to exit where the system terminates.

Ji asks as da saientific neim of da disis,, in da queis it is Viral

Meningitis, its common neim Meningitis, and it is of a Viral taip
End dem ricords da disis.
Da last opshion is to exit where da system termineit