CHAPTER 3

ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION

Analytical Exposition is a text that b. I personally believe …

elaborates the writer‘s idea about the c. Therefore, my conclusion is …
phenomenon surrounding. Its social function d. In conclusion …
is to persuade the reader that the idea is The Characteristics / Language Feature
important matter, and to analyze the topic that of Analytical exposition Text:
the thesis/opinion is correct by developing an a. Using relational process
argument to support it. b. Using internal conjunction
Every text must have generic structure which c. Using causal conjunction
is different with another text. Analytical d. Using Simple Present Tense
Exposition Text also has generic structure, e. Using compound and complex
those are : sentence.
1. Thesis: it contains writer’s opinion f. Use word that link argument, such as
about something. It also introduces firstly, secondly, and reasoning
topics and indicates the writer’s through causal conjunction, such as in
position addition, furthermore, however,
2. Argument : it contains the argument to therefore.
support the writer’s position. The Purpose of Analytical Exposition Text:
number of arguments may vary, but a. To analyze the topic and to convince or
each argument must be supported by influence the reader that this opinion is
evidence and explanation. correct and supported by arguments
3. Reiteration: Restating the writer’s b. To convince the reader that the topics
point of view / to strengthen the thesis. presented was an important topic to be
We can use the following phrase to discussed or gained attention by way
make conclusion in reiteration : of providing arguments or opinions
a. From the fact above … that support the main idea or topic
that all of they have done are their privacy and
Example Analytical Exposition Text no one may know.
Example 1: We can not prevent children from
Controlling Children Using Computer using computer because it is multifunctional.
Computer and internet are useful as However, many parents worry about what
well as powerful. Information about health their kids do in front of the computer; whether
and safe usage of computer and Internet, they are doing homework or even just playing
especially for children, should be owned by games. Or spending all time to surf internet
each family. Computer connected to internet which is the materials do not fit with his age.
is powerful way to socialize with others. It can There is a tendency, especially teenagers,
be good but also bad effect. Recently we hear want to become acquainted with many
a lot of children get the advantage of social strangers out side. The lack parental
networking sites but we often see the news supervision of children’s activities is likely to
about the disadvantage of it for children. pose a potential danger to them. So parental
Healthy and safety of computer and Internet monitor against the use of computers needs to
usage should continue to be campaigned. be done from time to time.
The role of parent in assisting and Example 2:
directing children in using computer is very Why is It Important to Choose the
necessary. Installation of software monitor Accredited School?
such as key logger which has function to Most of teenagers need to go to school
watch and note all activities relating to and there are a lot of schools over there.
keyboard usage is helpful but not enough to Nowadays, schools grow to offer plenty of
protect children from potential harms. choice; private and state ones. However it is a
Children tend to hide what they have done in hard choice since there are many factors
front of the computer to their parent. They see which need to be considered before making
the selection. Some will be influenced by
friends; because some friend got to certain
school than we go to there too. Some prefer
to choose certain school because of the closer
distance. In fact, the primary decisive matter
for selecting school is whether the school has
been accredited or not.
Why is important to choose an
accredited school? Well, accredited schools
have an edge over the unaccredited schools.
This label of Accredited School has an impact
in employment opportunities. As result, if
there are two or more students with similar
qualifications, the student who comes from
the accredited school will have an edge over
the other candidate. Student from an
accredited school has more open door than
student with an accredited one.
Many students select certain school
depending more on short term factors like
friend influence and short distance from home.
It is not bad since commuting actually needs
much cost. Choosing school which is closer to
home will save time, energy and money.
However if that school is not accredited, the
time and money spent along studying seems
to be waste in the long term because it could
become a limiting factor in gaining future
opportunities.
Accredited school is not the only factor
which will drive student’s success. Personality
and characterization are very important too.
However a student with good personality who
comes from an accredited school is better than
the others.
The above example of analytical exposition
about accredited school has the following
generic structure:
a. Thesis: it is the main topic of
discourse in analytical exposition
essay. Commonly the thesis will be
placed in the first paragraphs. It also
has functionality of introduction of the
text. From the text above we see that
choosing school will be wiser and safer
if it is based on the status of the
school; accredited or not.
b. Arguments: the arguments are the
heart of an analytical exposition. The
absence of argument, analytical will
just talk nothing since a thesis must be
evaluated, whether it is true or false
later, it does not matter. From the
analytical exposition sample above, we
see an accredited school graduate will
hold better opportunity. Additionally
choosing school based on short term
interests seem to be less benefit in the
end.
c. Reiteration: it is the writer’s thesis
which is re-stated in another word. The
purpose is to strengthen the thesis.
From the text above, we realize that
choosing an accredited school is really
important.
Example 3:
Is Smoking Good for Us?
Before we are going to smoke, it is
better to look at the fact. About 50 thousands
people die every year in Britain as direct result
of smoking. This is seven times as many as die
in road accidents. Nearly a quarter of smokers
die because ofdiseases caused by smoking.
Ninety percent of lung cancers are
caused by smoking. If we smoke five
cigarettes a day, we are six times more likely
to die of lung cancer than a non smoker. If we
smoke twenty cigarettes a day, the risk is
nineteen greater. Ninety five percent of people
who suffer of bronchitis are people who are
smoking. Smokers are two and half times
more likely to die of heart disease than non
smokers.
Additionally, children of smoker are
more likely to develop bronchitis and
pneumonia. In one hour in smoky room, non
smoker breathes as much as substance
causing cancer as if he had smoked fifteen
cigarettes. Smoking is really good for tobacco
companies because they do make much
money from smoking habit. Smoking however
is not good for every body else.
Generic Structure Analysis:
a. Thesis: This pre-conclusive paragraph
states the writer’s point of view about
the topic discussed. Writer has show
himself in clear position of the
discussed topic. Paragraph 1 is the
thesis of this analytical exposition text.
It states the fact of the very fatal
impact of the smoking habit. Clearly
the writer wants to say that smoking is
not a good habit.
b. Arguments: Presenting arguments in
analytical exposition text is as
important as giving conflict plot in
narrative text. The series of argument
 will strengthen the thesis stated
before. In this example of analytical
exposition text, paragraph 2 and 3 are
the detail arguments presented in a
reporting fact to support that smoking
is not good even for smokers
themselves. Furthermore, people who
do not smoke but they are in smoky
area have the bad effect too from the
smoking habit.
1. Multiple Choice Question
Read the following text to answer
questions number 1 to 3.
TOPENG MONYET
Thousands of macaques are bred or
captured from the wild to be used as street
performers, or known as “topeng monyet”.
The macaques are used to perform street
shows; wearing funny masks, riding bicycles,
performing acrobatic moves and doing
amusing things. However, such shows should
be banned for few reasons.
First, topeng monyet is a kind of
exploitation of monkeys for money. The
monkeys are hung from chains for long
periods to train them to walk on their hind
legs like humans. Their teeth are extracted so
they can’t bite and they are tortured to
remain obedient. The monkeys are often
outfitted in dresses and cowboy hats and
forced to carry parasols or ride tiny bikes. This
animal abuse will definitely hurt the monkeys.
Second, the ban of masked monkey
show can help improve public order. Topeng
monyet is often performed when traffic is
backed up at notoriously congested
intersections. This will disturb the sight and
create traffic jams for many motorists or
pedestrians will slow down to watch the
shows.
Third, banning the dancing monkeys
is a necessary public health measure. It is
important to rescue the monkeys from street
performances and help prevent diseases
carried by the monkeys.
The monkeys used in topeng monyet
may not be healthy and may have potential
to some diseases such as tuberculosis and
hepatitis. Considering the reasons stated
above, topeng monyet should be banned for
it exploits the monkeys, causes traffic jams
and spreads illnesses such as tuberculosis and
hepatitis.
c. Reiteration: This end paragraph
actually is restating the thesis. It is
something like conclusive paragraph
from the previous arguments. The last
paragraph of this example of analytical
exposition points again that smoking is
not good for smokers and people
around smokers. However smoking is
very good for Cigarette Companies
1. What is the text above?
A. Macaques exploitation for money.
B. Training macaques for acrobatic
shows.
C. Efforts to stop masked monkeys
performances.
D. Reasons why it is necessary to ban
topeng monyet.
E. Rescuing monkeys from extinction
and exploitation.
2. Topeng monyet should be banned
because . . .
A. It helps improve public orders.
B. It distracts ones’ siight and disrupts
traffic.
C. It frightens the street users.
D. It makes people laughs.
E. It cause cancer.
3. How are the monkeys mistreated?
A. They are tortured to be obedient.
B. They are placed in old cages.
C. They are left hanging on trees.
D. They are forced to eat much.
E. They are kept unhealthy.
Read the following text to answer
questions number 4 to 7
VEGETARIANS
There are many reasons why people
become vegetarians, including personal
health, the environment, and the economy. A
vegetarian is a person who does not eat meat,
poultry, and fish. Vegetarians mostly eat fruit,
vegetables, legumes, grains, seeds, and nuts.
Vegetarians also consume eggs and dairy
products, but they avoid meat products, such
as beef, chicken stocks, and gelatin.
According to research, vegetarians
have lower risk of heart disease, high
cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, and high blood
pressure. This may happen due to a healthy
vegetarian diet, which has low fat but high
fibre. However, a vegetarian diet can be high
in fat if it includes excessive amounts of fatty
snacks, fried food, whole dairy products, and
eggs. At the same time, a vegetarian diet can
be simple and easy to prepare. Therefore, a
vegetarian diet must be well-planned to
prevent and treat certain diseases.
4. What meal is not consumed by
vegetarians?
A. Dairy products.
B. Fried food.
C. Sausages.
D. Milk.
E. Nuts.
5. Why does a vegetarian have a lower
risk of many diseases? They . . .
A. Eat vegetables every time.
B. Consumes low fat but high fibre
food.
C. Avoid excessive amounts of fatty
snacks.
D. Have well-planned agenda of what
to eat..
E. Can control their appetite for large
portions.
6. According to the text, which of the
following statements is true?
A. Bewing a vegetarian help keep
your body strong.
B. Vegetarians may not eat fatty
snacks.
C. Eggs do not contain any fat or
fibre.
D. Vegetarians do not consume
gelatin.
E. Vegetarian have high cholesterol.
7. “. . . if it includes excessive amounts
of fatty snacks . . .”
What does the underlined word
mean?
A. Too many.
B. Decent.
C. Very few.
D. Little.
E. Big.
Read the following text to answer
questions number 8 to 10
ONLINE SHOPPING
The internet has generated many
changes in our lives. It has changed the way
we communicate and access information. The
internet also has changed the way we buy
things. In today’s life, online shopping is
growing rapidly. It has become a new culture
in every country.
Buying things online is very easy. The
only thing to do is to go to a certain website,
which sells the product you need. The search
engine on the web also enables us to find
things fast with various choices.. After the
product is chosen and the payment is made,
the online shopper should only wait for three
to five days until the thing purchased comes
to his/her door. Another good advantage of
online shopping is that things may be cheaper
than in real stores. In the other hand, online
shopper should be careful in choosing
products. Sometimes, you do not get what
you need. Another big problem is the quality
of the things can be less than similar items in
real stores. That’s the reason why online
shoppers must thoroughly check products
offered.
8. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. The benefits of online shopping.
B. The procedure of shopping online.
C. The deficiencies of online
shopping.
D. Things to do when online shopping.
E. The pluses and minuses of online
shopping.
9. How can online shoppers choose
products? They have to . . .
A. go to real shops
B. have an account.
C. have a computer.
D. visit the shop site
E. login to their email.
10. “. . . must thoroughly check
products offered.”
What does the bolded word mean?
A. tightly.
B. carelessly.
C. extremely.
D. accurately.
E. completely.
11. Sudut pandang penulis terhadap
suatu fenomena disebut dengan. . .
A. Conclusion.
 B. Reiteration. and is an interesting topic to discuss. Here are
C. Arguments. some of the arguments.
D. Thesis. The use of seat belts has been proven to
E. Conjunction. reduce the risk of injury or death in an
accident. Seat belt has become a standard
12. Kalimat berikut sering digunakan component in cars. The research shows that
seorang penulis untuk menyimpulkan most car accident will cause an injury to the
sudut pandang mereka terhadap head. Frequently, drivers or the passengers
suatu fenomena (Reiteration), driving without seat belts die because of this.
kecuali. . . By wearing the seat belts, the injury will not
A. Next thing to come… happen since belts restrain our body on the
B. In conclusion… car seat when the accident happens.
C. Therefore, my conclusion is… Unfortunately, many cars, especially the old
D. I personally believe… ones, don’t have seat belts. This is because
E. From the fact above… the traffic conditions in the past were unlike
the recent traffic conditions. The designer of
13. Jenis tense yang sering digunakan old cars didn’t consider a seat belt as an
dalam menulis sebuah Analytical important part. Besides, the drivers wearing
Exposition adalah. the seat belt will think that they are
A. Present Simple. completely safe, so they may drive carelessly.
B. Simple Present Tense. They are safe, indeed, but how about safety
C. Past Perfect Continuous. of others?
D. Present Perfect Continuous. The seat belt is only one of the ways to
E. Future Perfect Continuous. reduce the risk of car accidents. It doesn’t
mean that we are completely safe. In short,
14. Berikut adalah jenis – jenis kata our safety depends on ourselves.
penghubung yang biasanya
digunakan untuk menghubungkan 16. Which one is true according to
dua klausula dalam sebuah Analytical paragraph 3?
Exposition, kecuali… A. old cars do not use seat belts
A. Addition. B. the old cars have seat belts for their
B. Comparison. safety
C. Relational Process. C. the drivers wearing seat belts may
D. Time. drive carefully
E. Cause-and-effect. D. the traffic conditions in the past
were similar to the recent
15. Kata penghubungi berikut ini sering E. the old cars’ designer considered a
diguanakan untuk menunjukkan seat belt as an important part
sebab dan akibat, kecuali. . .
A. on the other hand… 17. What is the function of seat belts?
B. as a result… A. to reduce the traffic conditions
C. due to… B. to become a standard component
D. despite… in cars
E. consequently… C. to reduce the risk of injury or death
in an accident
Read the following text to answer D. to prevent the drivers driving cars
questions number 16 to 19 carefully
Seat Belts E. to increase the risk of injury in car
Nowadays, the police have been applying the accidents
new regulation concerning the use of seat
belts. In European countries, this regulation 18. Who considered a seat belt as an
has been applied for a long time. However, unimportant part?
this new regulation has become controversial A. police
B. people
 C. drivers 20. Which diseases cannot be cured by
D. passengers antibiotics?
E. old cars designers A. Tonsillitis
B. Meningitis
19. “… that they are completely safe.” C. Chicken pox
(Paragraph 3) D. Tuberculosis
What does the word ‘they’ refer to? E. Scarlet fever
A. cars
B. seat belts 21. What are discussed in paragraph two
C. drivers and four?
D. designers A. Both paragraphs describe how
E. others antibiotics work
B. Both paragraphs tell about the
Read the following text to answer effects of misusing antibiotics
questions number 20 to 23 C. Both paragraphs explain how
Antibiotic is a drug produced by certain antibiotics damage organs and
microbes. Antibiotics destroy other microbes tissues
that damage human tissues. They are used to D. Paragraph two tells what causes
treat a wide variety of diseases, including the pathogenic microbes multiply
gonorrhea, tonsillitis, and tuberculosis. and paragraph four tells how the
Antibiotics are sometimes called “Wonder un-resistant microbes become
drugs” because they can cure diseases such resistant
as meningitis, pneumonia, and scarlet fever. E. Paragraph two tells how antibiotics
But, when the antibiotics are overused or destroy harmless microbes and
misused, these drugs make a person sensitive paragraph four describes how the
being attacked by a superbug. pathogenic microbes transfer
Antibiotics do not always distinguish between genetic material to non-resistant
harmless and dangerous microbes. If a drug microbes
destroys too many harmless microorganism,
the pathogenic ones (the dangerous 22. Choose one from the following which
microbes) will have a greater chance to is not the effect of using antibiotics
multiply. This situation often leads to the improperly?
development of a new infection called A. Organs and tissues are damaged
suprainfection. B. The pathogenic microbes multiply
Extensive use of some antibiotics may C. Harmless microorganisms are
damage organs and tissues. For example, destroyed
streptomycin, which is used to treat D. Pathogenic microbes become
tuberculosis, has caused kidney damage and nonresistant
deafness. E. New infection which is called
Resistance to antibiotics may be ecquired by suprainfention develops
pathogenic microbes. The resistant microbes
transfer genetic material to non-resistant 23. “Antibiotics do not always distinguish
microbes and cause them to become between harmless and dangerous
resistant. During antibiotic treatment, non- microbes.”(paragraph 2) The
resistant microbes are destroyed, but underlined word means ....
resistant types survive and multiply. A. Vary
To avoid the side effect of antibiotics, you’d B. Compare
better not urge your doctor to prescribe C. Correlate
antibiotics. Keep in mind that antibiotics are D. Contradict
only useful for bacterial infections and have E. Differentiate
no effect on viruses, so they cannot be used
for chicken pox, measles, and other viral Read the following text to answer
diseases. questions number 24 to 26
 USE AF FORMALIN AND OTHER
ADDITIVES IN FOODS
The use of formalin and other dangerous
preservatives in food has been a serious for
two reasons. Firstly, formalin is not for human
beings, but it is for biological specimen and
experiments. Formalin in biology is a 10%
solution of formaldehyde in water which is
usually used as a disinfectant or to preserve
biological specimens. Thus, it is not for food
preservative, it will be very dangerous to
human’s body.
The second reason is that there is not tight
control from the government. This condition
makes the people’s health is really in a threat.
When the control is weak and the use of
formalin is spread wide all over the Indonesia
regions, and these days it has really
happened, the citizens’ bodies will be badly
contaminated with the poisons. Fish or food
traders still sell their product which contain
formalin and dangerous preservatives. Can
you imagine that our digestive system
absorbs the substance the should be for the
human and animal corpses?
Considering the reasons, we can makes a
conclusion that the use of formalin and other
preservatives is really a serious problem if it
is not resolved immediately.
24. Why is formalin dangerous for
human’s body?
A. It is not food preservatives
B. It is a disinfectant for human
beings
C. It is used to preserve biological
specimens
D. It is 10% solution of formaldehyde
in water
E. It is controlled flighty from
government
25. The main idea of paragraph 2 is ….
A. The human’s bodies will be harmful
after consuming the formalin
B. The government has not controlled
the use of formalin firmly
C. The weak control of using formalin
is not threatening the human
D. The human’s bodies will be harmful
after consuming the formalin
E. The use of formalin is know all over
the regions
26. Based on the facts above, the writer
suggests that…
A. People have to avoid consuming
formalin in their food
B. The use of formaldehyde is
necessary to control the food
C. People should add 10% solution of
formaldehyde in water
D. The food preservative is required to
make the food delicious
E. Food seller is supposed to pour
formalin for vegetable and
food products
Read the following text to answer
questions number 27 to 29
Apartments Offer Practical Living
The number of high-rise apartment buildings
continues to mushroom not only in the center
of the city but also in suburban areas. This
shows that many Indonesian enjoy living in
apartments. This is true for a number of
reasons.
In the first place, people prefer to live in an
apartment because it is located near strategic
areas. They can save time and energy as they
don’t have to experience terrible traffic jam.
In addition, they enjoy the new life style
because an apartment offers comfort and
privacy so they don’t have to worry about the
city’s high crime rate as most apartments
have 24-hour security systems.
Moreover, people now enjoy practicality and
this is reflected in the design of their place.
Living rooms become smaller and a veranda
is no longer considered an important part of
the house.
From the facts above, it is clear that
apartments offer practical living which thus
make them mustrooming.
27. According to paragraph two, what
does an apartment offer?
A. Comfort
B. Security
C. Practicality
D. Privacy
E. Safety
28. It can be inferred from the text that
....
A. Many Indonesian people right now
enjoy living in a small house
B. Practicality means security
 C. People prefer living in an
apartment because it is located
near office areas
D. Living in an apartment creates
practical lifestyle
E. Secure life style is mostly preferred
now
29. “The number of high-rise apartment
buildings continues to mushroom not
only in the center.... “ (Paragraph 1)
The underlined word is closest
meaning to....
A. Increase
B. Enhance
C. Boost
D. Intensify
E. Raise
Read the following text to answer
questions number 30 to 33
The Dangers of Typing SMS while
Driving
The popularity of mobile devices has had
some dangerous consequences. We know
that mobile communications are linked to a
significant increase in distracted driving which
results in injury and loss of life.
The National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration reported that in 2010 driver
distraction was the cause of 18 percent of all
fatal crashes with 3,092 people killed and
crashes resulting in an injury 416,000 people
wounded.
The Virginia Tech Transportation Institute
found that text messaging creates a crash risk
23 times worse than driving while not
distracted.
Eleven percent of drivers aged 18 to 20 who
were involved in an automobile accident and
survived admitted they were sending or
receiving texts when they crashed. Distracted
driving endangers life and property and the
current levels of injury and loss are
unacceptable.
30. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The warning of texting and driving.
B. The debatable issue of texting and
driving.
C. The involvement of mobile devices
while driving.
D. The risks of texting while driving.
E. The consequences of not paying
attention traffic.
31. What does the passage tell us about
the writer's opinion on the issue at
hand?
A. Text messaging creates more risk
than undistracted driving.
B. Mobile communication doesn't
have relation with accident.
C. Many people lost their live because
of injury.
D. Distracted driving is still safe for the
drivers.
E. Only adult drivers involved in the
accident.
32. From the text, we know that ...
A. The mobile phone should be
banned in the street.
B. Distracted driving makes accident
more rarely to happen.
C. Most of the accident caused by the
condition of the road.
D. 18 percent of fatal crashes were
caused by unnoticed street
signs.
E. Drivers involved in car accidents
admitted they were texting
when they crashed.
33. Distracted driving endangers life ... it
is not an acceptable action
A. As
B. If
C. So
D. And
E. Yet
Read the following text to answer
questions number 34 to 36
A Career is an individual’s journey through
learning, work and other aspects of life. There
are a number of ways to define a career and
the term is used in a variety of ways. Every
body who have career exactly want to
advance their career.
If you want to advance your career, you will
have to make some careful decisions about
which jobs you take. Consider a job offered
for the value it has to your career. It may
mean sacrifices at first. You may have to
move to a different region or country to get a
job that is right for you. You may have to
work late hours, at least temporarily. You
might even have to take a lower salary for a
job that offers you the experience that you
need. But you should never accept a job if it
is not related to your career goals.
Accepting a job that is not within your career
path will not give you the skill or experience
you need or want. You will find yourself
frustrated in such a position and consequently
will not perform your best. This will have an
effect on the people around you, who will not
feel as if you are being part of the team. The
best advice is to think carefully before
accepting any position and make sure that the
job is one you to have.
34. What is mainly discussed in the text?
…………
A. how to look for a job
B. how to advance a career
C. what to do to get a good job
D. how to lessen your stress in your
office
E. how to make the people around
happy
35. The main idea (ide pokok) of the
second paragraph is that ………
A. considering a job offered is
necessary
B. moving to a different region to get
a job can help you
C. relating your jobs to your career
goals will be advantageous for
your boss
D. making a careful decision before
accepting a job is important
E. looking for a higher salary and
experience will benefit you
36. According to the text, the author
advice the reader about……..
A. how to increase the career
B. make a decision in a job
C. think carefully before accepting
position in a job
D. how to get a good job
E. never accept a job if it is not related
to your career
Read the following text to answer
questions number 37 to 40
Integrated Pest Management
There is no best way to deal with pests in
agriculture. Pesticides which are commonly
used may cause many problems. I think
combining different management operations
is the most effective way to control pests.
Firstly, the chemicals in the pesticides may
build up as residues in the environment and
in the soil which absorbs the chemicals. This
reduces the quality of farm product.
Secondly, pests can gradually become
resistant to pesticides. This means that newer
and stronger ones have to be developed.
Lastly, some pesticides affect non target
plants and animals such as fish and bees. This
affects the ecology and environment as well.
So, understanding of ecology of an area helps
a lot in pest control. Pesticides should be
chosen and applied carefully so that they
don't affect the ecological balance and
environment.
Therefore, integrated pest management is a
safe and more effective option to fight pest in
agriculture and livestock.
37. Which of the following is not directly
affected by pesticides used?
A. Plants
B. Ecology
C. Animals.
D. Environment.
E. Human Beings
38. What can you say about paragraph
two and four?
A. The fourth paragraph supports the
idea stated in paragraph two.
B. Both paragraphs tell about the
disadvantages of using pesticides.
C. Both paragraphs tell about how
pesticides affect the quality of
farm products.
D. The statement in paragraph is
contrary to the statement in
paragraph four.
E. The second paragraph tells about
the effects of using pesticides on
animals mentioned in paragraph
four.
39. One of the disadvantages of using
chemical pesticides is …
A. killing fish and bees.
B. increasing crops productivity.
C. creating balanced ecosystem.
D. causing the pests to become
inactive
 E. helping reduce pollutants in the A. weak
environment. B. fragile
C. damage
40. Secondly, pests can gradually become D. unaffected
resistant to pesticides. (paragraph 3). E. unbalanced
The word resistant in the sentence
above means …

2. Essay Question
Read the following text to answer questions number 41-50
Learning English
Learning English through music and songs can be very enjoyable. You can mix pleasure with
learning when you listen to a song and exploit the song as a means to your English progress.
Some underlying reason can be drawn to support the idea why we use songs in language
learning.
Firstly, “the song stuck in my head” Phenomenon (the echoing in our minds of the last song
we heard after leaving a restaurant, shopping malls, etc) can be both enjoyable and sometimes
unnerving. This phenomenon also seems to reinforce the idea that songs work on our short-
and-long term memory.
Secondly, songs in general also use simple conversational language, with a lot of repetition,
which is just what many learners look for sample text. The fact that they are effective makes
them many times more motivating than other text. Although usually simple, some songs can
be quite complex syntactically, lexically and poetically, and can be analyzed in the same way
as any other literary sample.
Furthermore, song can be appropriated by listener for their own purpose. Most pop songs and
probably many other types don’t have precise people, place or time reference.
In addition, songs are relaxing. They provide variety and fun, and encourage harmony within
oneself and within one group. Little wonder they are important tools in sustaining culture,
religion, patriotism and yeas, even revolution.
Last but not least, there are many learning activities we can do with songs such as studying
grammar, practicing selective listening comprehension, translating songs, learning vocabulary,
spelling and culture.
From the elaboration above, it can be concluded that learning through music and songs,
learning English can be enjoyable and fun.

41. The type of the text above?

42. What is the communicative purpose of the text?
43. The generic structures of the text are …
44. What is the text about ….
45. Based on the text, Based on the text, how many reasons to use songs in language
learning
46. “They provide variety and fun, and encourage harmony within oneself and within one
group.” The underlined word refers to ….
47. Which paragraph is called arguments?
48. Usually we call as the last paragraph?
49. What tense is mostly used in the text?
50. What conclusions learning through music and song?
 CHAPTER 4
HORTATORY EXPOSITION

Definition of Hortatory exposition Text

A hortatory exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is intended
to explain the listeners or readers that something should or should not happen or be done.In
other words, the main function of Hortatory Exposition text is to persuade the readers or
listener that something should or should not be the case. To strengthen the
explanation, the speaker or writer needs some arguments as the fundamental reasons of the
given idea. In other words, this kind of text can be called as argumentation. Hortatory
exposition text can be found in scientific books, journals, magazines, newspaper articles,
academic speech or lectures, research report etc. Hortatory expositions are popular
among science, academic community and educated people.It means that the text asserts
something to the readers by giving supporting statement and evidence to convince it. To make
the persuasion stronger, the speaker or writer gives some arguments as the fundamental
reasons why something is the case.
Generic Structure of Hortatory exposition Text
1. Thesis : Thesis is the announcement of issue concern.
2. Arguments : Argument is reason for concern, leading to recommendation.
3. Recommendation : Recommendation is statement of what ought or ought to happen.
Purpose of Hortatory Exposition
Hortatory exposition is used to persuade the reader or listener that something should pr should
not be the case.
The Characteristics / Language Feature of Hortatory exposition Text:
– Focusing on the writer
– Using abstract noun; policy, advantage, etc
– Using action verb
– Using thinking verb
– Using modal adverb; certainly, surely, etc
– Using temporal connective; firstly, secondly, etc
– Using evaluative words; important, valuable, trustworthy, etc
– Using passive voice
– Using simple present tense

Example 1
Consume Water to Have Beauty
As we know that so much water in the world. There are many kinds of water that we can
consume every day all time.
Consuming water can be made as therapy of disease, because water that we consume with
enough amounts and the right method can purify of poisons in our body. The therapy of water
can save water availability in the body.
Therapy of water can keep the beauty too. Skins is the out part of the body that has contact
with dirty air, sun light and pollutions. To keep the skin elasticity, water is needed in the
enough amounts. Water can dampen of skin until not easy to dry and make crimp.
To keep the balancing of size body, water is needed. In fact, water can increase the
metabolism and pressing of eat desire. Consume a lot of water can filtrate much calories.
So, let’s consume water everyday at least eight glasses to keep our healthy and beauty. But,
the water must be clean and hygiene. Find, buy and consume the best mineral water!

Example 2
Monitoring Kids While Watching TV
Television becomes one of the most important devices which takes place in almost houses. It
can unite all members of the family as well as separate them. However, is it important to know
what your kids are watching? The answer is, of course, absolutely “Yes” and that should be
done by all parents. Television can expose things you have tried to protect the children from,
especially violence, pornography, consumerism and so on.
Recently, a study demonstrated that spending too much time on watching TV during the day
or at bedtime often cause bed-time disruption, stress, and short sleep duration.
Another research found that there is a significant relationship between the amount of time
spent for watching television during adolescence and early adulthood, and the possibility of
being aggressive.
Meanwhile, many studies have identified a relationship between kids who watch TV a lot and
being inactive and overweight.
Considering some facts mentioning above, protect your children with the following tips:
1. Limit television viewing to one-two hours each day
2. Do not allow your children to have a TV set in their own bedrooms
3. Review the rating of TV shows which your children watch
4. Watch television with your children and discuss what is happening in the show
Generic Structure Analysis Example 1:
1. Thesis: It is important to accompany children while they are watching TV show.
2. Arguments: There are a great relationship between watching TV and the watcher’s
personality. Much time in watching TV can cause bed-time disruption. Possibility of
becoming an aggressive character because of watching television too much.
3. Recommendation: Paragraf penutup berisi sebuah tindakan yang perlu diambil oleh
pembaca stelah menunjukkan betapa pentingnya hal atau thesis yang sudah dijelasakan
diatas Parents should protect the children from the bed effect of watching TV by 4 steps
like mention above in the text.

Example 3
Gesang Should be a National Hero
Two opular English aphorism and national adage say; “Those who don’t learn from history are
condemned to repeat it” and “A great nation is one which fully appreciates its heroes.”. Then,
proposing an important person who has taken a role in our nation history is important. I think
Gesang should be a national hero.
Who have never heard Bengawan Solo song? I doubt it if there is. This keroncong song has
been a part of national voices. Gesang is a senior composer whose songs gained fame all the
way to Japan. He has received a number of awards in art and everyone will admit that his art
talent was dedicated to this nation.
Government has declared the other great composer; WR. Suratman and Ismail Marzuki as
national Heroes. Gesang might not be compared to others, but in my opinion, Gesang is as
great as them. All of them are maestros. Due to his keroncong music maestro, Gesang has
taken a role in building our national identity.
It is obvious that government should name Gesang National Hero. We should not delay and
wait for, in case, our neighbor countries or other international communities go a head to
recognize him and grant an award for what he deserves.
Generic Structure Analysis Example 2:
1. Thesis: I think Gesang should be a national hero.
2. Arguments: Gesang is a senior composer whose songs gained fame all the way
Government has declared the other great composer; WR. Suratman and Ismail Marzuki
as national Heroes.
3. Recommendation: We should not delay and wait for

1. Multiple Choice Question

Read the following text to answer questions number 1 to 3.
Smoking in a restaurant does not only give the bad impact to the active smokers but
also the passive ones.
Smoking in a restaurant is impolite. The smell of the smoke affects all people and can turn
them off their food. People pay to taste good food and not to be put off by foul-smelling
smoke.
Besides, smoking harm the others especially passive smokers, that is, breathing in smoke
made by a smoker, can lead to asthma attacks and even cancer.
Finally, smoking is dangerous and a health risk to the smoker. Cigarettes cause heart and
lung disease and people do not smoke anywhere, not just in restaurants.
Regarding to the bad impacts, smoking must not be allowed in any restaurants.

1. The communicative purpose of the text is to…

A. explain how the smoking can be dangerous
B. retell about some positive effects of smoking
C. persuade readers with the smoking risk
D. describe how the smoking is not allowed
E. persuade readers that smoking must be banned

2. Smoking in a restaurant is impolite. (paragraph 2).

The synonym of the underlined word is…
A.Rude D. Sensitive
B. Polite E. Kind
C. Delicate

3. The statements below are true based on the text, except…

A. Smoking is dangerous
B. Smoking makes us better
C. Smoking is unhealthy for the smoker
D. Smoking must not be allowed
E. Smoking harms to the others

4. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?

A. Smoking in a restaurant is rude to do
B. Passive smoking is made by a smoker
C. Cigarettes cause heart and lung disease
D. Smoking in restaurants must not be allowed
E. The smell of the smoke affects all people

Text 2
If you want to advance in your career, you will have to make some careful decision about
which jobs to take. Evaluate a job offer for the value it has to your career. It may mean
sacrifice at first. You may have to move to a different region or a different country to get a
job that is right for you. You may have to work late hours, at last temporarily. You might
even have to take lower salary for job that offers you the experience that you need. But you
should never accept a job if it is not related to your career goals.

Accepting a job that is not within your career path will not give yoy the training or
experience you need or want. You will find yourself frustrated in such position and
consequently will not perform your best. This will have an effect on the people around you
who will not feel as id you are being a part of the team. The best advice is to think carefully
before accepting any position and make sure the job is the one you want to have.

5. What is the most significant factor in evaluating a job?

a. location
b. salary
c. value to your career
d. how much you like it.
e. prestige

6. Which is not mentioned as a sacrifice for valuable job?

a. moving to other region
b. no benefits
c. bad working hours
d. moving to other country
e. low salary

7. What is wrong with taking a job outside youe career path?

a. you will earn less
b. You won’t perform well
c. People will give you advice
d. You will be part of a team
e. People will complain to you.

8. What is the writer’s best advice?

a. Take the first job offered.
b. Consider changing career
c. Don’t work with other people.
d. Think before accepting a job.
e. Find a job with the highest salary.

Text 3
When a person old enough to be responsible for a crime? This question needs to be
investigated because the current law is not good enough
The law at present protects children aged between ten years and four years from being
punished for committing crimes. It is believed that children under fourteen years are too
young to realize the seriousness of their crimes. Mr. Stephen Scarlett, head of the NSW
Children’s Court, describes how clever young offenders use this defense, saying that they are
too young to understand that they have broken the law. Mr. Scarlett, an expert on this
subject, states that the age should be dropped from fourteen to twelve years. I agree with
this.
Teenagers these days are far more sophisticated than those in the past. The law should
recognize this. In a recent survey some people suggested that the age for being responsible
for a crime should be dropped to eight years old. This, I feel, is too young. Fourteen,
however, is too old. Is there anyone who believes that a fourteen-year-old does not know
that it is against the law to steal or vandalize property? By the age of twelve, children are
aware of what is legal and what is not.
Public pressure creates change. It is now up to the public to put pressure on the government
to change the age at which a person may be held responsible for a crime from fourteen
years to twelve years. Out of date laws have no place in a modern society, especially one
that needs people to be responsible for their actions.

9. What does the text above talk about?

A.When a person is old enough to be responsible for a crime
B.When a person is being punished for committing crimes
C.When children are too young to be responsible for a crime
D.When a person is too old to be responsible for a crime
E.When do teenagers realize the seriousness of their crimes

10.In what age are the children protected by the present law from being punished for
committing crimes?
A.Ten years old
B.Fourteen years old
C.Ten to fourteen years old
D.Eight years old
E.Twelve years old

11. In what paragraph do we find the recommendation of the text above…..

A.In the first paragraph
B.In the second paragraph
C.In the third paragraph
D.In the fourth paragraph
E.In the fifth paragraph

12.The part of the text which states what ought or ought not to happen is called…..
A.Thesis
B.Argument
C.Elaboration
D.Reiteration
E.Recommendation

13.“Teenagers these days are far more sophisticated than those in the past.
The word “those” refer to…..
A.Days
B.Teenagers
C.Laws
D.Children
E.Crimes

14. What type of genre does the text belong to?

A.Analytical exposition
B.Hortatory exposition
C.Report
D.Description
E.Narrative

15. “Mr. Scarlett, an expert on this subject, states that the age should be dropped from
fourteen to twelve years. I agree with this.”
The underlined sentence expresses…..
A. Argument
B.Opinion
C.Certainty
D.Debate
E. Agreement

Skateboarding
Anybody who is over the age of six knows that there is nowhere safe for skateboarders to
skate. This prevents young people from enjoying an active, energetic and adventurous
pastime.

Just watch a local street for a short while and note the steady stream of skaters speeding up
and down the footpaths. Toddlers can be trampled on and old ladies can be knocked down as
they struggle home carrying their cat food from supermarkets.

Skateboarding is a serious sport that improves young people’s health. It increases fitness,
improves balance and strengthens the joints in knees and ankles. Although it appears to be a
solo sport, when groups practice together and compete to perform stunts or runs they form
firm friendships.

Young people should be prevented from becoming overweight couch potatoes. If they are
actively involved in skating, they do not smoke, take drugs or break laws for fun.

Kids will always seek thrills and excitement. They need to practice their 180s, 360s and Ollie’s
free from restrictions. We must build skate parks in the suburbs so that streets are safe for
small children and senior citizens and skaters have spaces where they can race, chase, speed,
and soar towards the sun.
1. Where do the kids usually ride their skateboard?
A. In the main roads and foot paths
B. In front of the supermarket
C. In front of their home
D. In the suburbs
E. In the park
2. What is the main idea of paragraph 3?
A. There is no safe place for skateboarders
B. Kids seek an excitement in skate
C. The goodness of skateboarding
D. The skateboarding is a serious sport
E. How to prevent overweight by skateboarding
3. The writer’s purpose in writing the text is ….
A. To invite the local teenagers to skate in a park built specifically for skaters
B. To convince the readers that they need a safe place for skaters to skate
C. To provoke youngsters into the local government policy
D. To promote the writer’s business of skateboarding class
E. To inform parents about the goodness of skateboarding
4. What must we do to let the skaters play?
A. Join with them anywhere
B. Give them space in the park
C. Let them play in the main roads
D. Let them play in the local street
E. Build a skate park in the suburbs
Read the following text to answer questions number 5 to 10.
Should Americans be forced to Public Transportation?

First, let me define what the question is and isn’t asking. It isn’t asking if we should we all
abandon cars right now, nor is it asking if we should abandon them completely, nor is it asking
if every American should do so. It is asking weather some Americans should have to take
public transit some of the time, and I would say yes.

Oil use and pollution aside, in some cities like Los Angeles and New York there just isn’t room
for any more roads, so in order for large cities to grow, they need more people to take public
transit or risk permanent traffic jam. One bus can safely hold 40 people so even at half capacity
that’s nearly 20 cars’ worth of space in traffic cleared up, and nearly 20 parking spaces that
don’t need to built.

There are a lot of people that can take with transit little inconvenience but simply don’t
because they never have in the past. If residents in areas with plenty of transit had to buy
transit passes as part of their property taxes then they would have little excuse not to bus
occasionally. QA number of universities already bundle a ‘U-Pass’ with their tuition feeds,
forcing their students to take the bus. When given the change the majority of those students
have voted to keep these programs.

A similar system in apartments where a portion of the tenants are not issued parking spaces
in exchange for a discount on their rent would also be community car to several apartment
tenants that arrange a schedule for the car, and this program gets many positive reviews.

So yes, I would say that Americans should be forced to use public transit, as Americans whom
are already forced to do so find that it works well for them.
5. What does writer suggest?
A. Americans should learn to use public transportation
B. Americans should give up their car
C. Americans should be forced to use public transportation
D. The government should limit the number cars
E. The government should charge extra taxes for those who uses cars
6. The following is one of the writer’s suggestions in forcing people to use Public Transportation
….
A. Make people buy transit passes as part of their property taxes
B. Banning the use of cars
C. Stop automobile productions
D. Fine people who do not use public transportation
E. Limit the number of gasoline
7. What is the purpose of the article?
A. Defining the functions of public transportation
B. Arguing that Americans should not use public transportation
C. Suggesting American the ways to use public transportation
D. Asking for more public transportation
E. Suggesting that Americans should be forced to use public transportation
8. What is the function of the first paragraph?
A. Repeating the thesis or proposal
B. Stating the proposal
C. Stating the reasons behind the thesis
D. Describing the problem
E. Giving argument
9. In the article you find the word transit a few times. What does the underlined word means?
A. Stop
B. Transportation
C. Exit
D. Entrance
E. Bus Stop
10. What the function of the last paragraph?
A. Describing the problem
B. Stating the reasons behind the thesis
C. Giving arguments
D. Stating the proposal
E. Giving recommendation
Government should not raise fuel price to solve the problem of economic issues. People were
affected severely with the high fuel price like last year. Obviously they cut their spending. As
an example, they had to buy lower quality of rice or palm oil. There were also fewer buyers of
secondary commodities like flour, or canned meat or fish.

Furthermore, the condition of low income family will become even worse because their
expenses will increase while their salaries will not. Many companies will have to trim the
number of employees because they are incapable of managing, buying or selling price, standard
wages and personal affairs.

Finally, government should not raise fuel price to overcome economic problem but the solution
should be sought by tapping into the nation’s own potential and utilizing it to enhance
productivity to its maximum.

1. The title of the text is ….

A. The price of the secondary commodities
B. The effect of increasing fuel price
C. Condition of low income family
D. The increasing of fuel price
E. The economic problem

2. “Many companies will have to trim the number of employees.” (Paragraph 2)

The underlined word means ….
A. fire
B. cut
C. add
D. reduce
E. border

3. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. The government should enhance productivity to solve the economic problem.
B. The government should raise fuel price to solve the problem.
C. The government should consider condition of low family income.
D. The government should reduce the number of employees.
E. The government should decrease the standard of wages.

Flooding in Jakarta
Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia. It is a big city that has many buildings, offices
tower, real estates and skyscrapers which make Jakarta as a beautiful city especially in the night.
Flooding is one of natural disasters in Indonesia, especially in Jakarta beside earth
quake. And it is one of serious problems due to flood.
One of the problems is, there are many citizens who like throwing away the garbage in
the street, rivers, or we can say garbage is in every corner of the city. They do not care about
cleanliness. So, it makes looks a dirty city. It is a dark side of Jakarta.
The other problem is illegal house. Many people from central or east java move to
Jakarta just looking for a job and they bring their family but they do not have house for their
living. So they make an illegal house in the side of river in Jakarta and it makes more flooding
in Jakarta.
There are many ways to decrease the flood. First of all, we must aware of flood. Do not
try to throw away the garbage. And the last but not least, keep the cleanliness, because the
cleanliness is a part of belief in Islamic religion. (Written by Intan K. / XI science two)
21. Based on the text above, how many reasons cause flood in Jakarta?
a. One
b. Two
c. Three
d. Four
e. Five
22. To whom does the writer give the suggestion? (the last paragraph)
a. readers of the text
b. People of Indonesia
c. Citizen of Jakarta
d. Writer and readers
e. Someone in Jakarta
23. “Real estates and skyscrapers…” (First paragraph) the italic word means…
a. The space above the earth
b. Where we see sun, stars and moon
c. Outline of the earth
d. Very high building
e. Building of the sky
24. “One of natural disasters” the italic word is called as…
a. Noun
b. Verb
c. Adjective
d. Adverb
e. Compound
25. “One of serious problems due to flood...” the italic word means…
a. Use to
b. Used to
c. Have to
d. Cause of
e. Turn off

Anybody who is over the age of six knows that there is nowhere safe for
skateboarders to skate. This prevents young people from enjoying an active,
energetic and adventurous pastime.

Just watch a local street for a short while and note the steady stream of skaters
speeding up and down the footpaths. Toddlers can be trampled on and old ladies
can be knocked down as they struggle home carrying their cat food from
supermarkets.

Skateboarding is a serious sport that improves young people’s health. It increases

fitness, improves balance and strengthens the joints in knees and ankles. Although
it appears to be a solo sport, when groups practice together and compete to
perform stunts or runs they form firm friendships.
Young people should be prevented from becoming overweight couch potatoes. If
they are actively involved in skating, they do not smoke, take drugs or break laws
for fun.

Kids will always seek thrills and excitement. They need to practice their 180s,
360s and Ollie’s free from restrictions. We must build skate parks in the suburbs
so that streets are safe for small children and senior citizens and skaters have
spaces where they can race, chase, speed, and soar towards the sun.

23. Where do the kids usually ride their skateboard?

A. In the main roads and foot paths.
B. In front of the supermarket.
C. In front of their home.
D. In the suburbs.
E. In the park.

24. What is the main idea of paragraph 3?

A. There is no safe place for skateboarders.
B. Kids seek an excitement in skate.
C. The goodness of skateboarding.
D. The skateboarding is a serious sport.
E. How to prevent overweight by skateboarding.

25. The writer’s purpose in writing the text is ….

A. to invite the local teenagers to skate in a park built specifically for skaters.
B. to convince the readers that they need a safe place for skaters to skate.
C. to provoke youngsters into the local government policy.
D. to promote the writer’s business of skateboarding class.
E. to inform parents about the goodness of skateboarding.
26. What must we do to let the skaters play?
A. Join with them anywhere.
B. Give them space in the park.
C. Let them play in the main roads.
D. Let them play in the local street.
E. Build a skate park in the suburbs.

27. They need to practice their 180s, 360s and Ollie’s free from restrictions.
(Paragraph 5) .The synonym of the underlined word is ….
A. Approval
B. Allowance
C. Improvement
D. Prevention
E. Limitation
Text 1

Smoking in a restaurant does not only give the bad impact to the active smokers but
also the passive ones.
Smoking in a restaurant is impolite. The smell of the smoke affects all people and can
turn them off their food. People pay to taste good food and not to be put off by foul-smelling
smoke.
Besides, smoking harm the others especially passive smokers, that is, breathing in
smoke made by a smoker, can lead to asthma attacks and even cancer.
Finally, smoking is dangerous and a health risk to the smoker. Cigarettes cause heart
and lung disease and people do not smoke anywhere, not just in restaurants.
Regarding to the bad impacts, smoking must not be allowed in any restaurants.

1. The communicative purpose of the text is to…

A. explain how the smoking can be dangerous
B. retell about some positive effects of smoking
C. persuade readers with the smoking risk
D. describe how the smoking is not allowed
E. persuade readers that smoking must be banned

2. Smoking in a restaurant is impolite. (paragraph 2).

The synonym of the underlined word is…
A.Rude D. Sensitive
B. Polite E. Kind
 C. Delicate

3. The statements below are true based on the text, except…

A. Smoking is dangerous
B. Smoking makes us better
C. Smoking is unhealthy for the smoker
D. Smoking must not be allowed
E. Smoking harms to the others

4. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?

A. Smoking in a restaurant is rude to do
B. Passive smoking is made by a smoker
C. Cigarettes cause heart and lung disease
D. Smoking in restaurants must not be allowed
E. The smell of the smoke affects all people

Text 2
If you want to advance in your career, you will have to make some careful decision
about which jobs to take. Evaluate a job offer for the value it has to your career. It may mean
sacrifice at first. You may have to move to a different region or a different country to get a job
that is right for you. You may have to work late hours, at last temporarily. You might even
have to take lower salary for job that offers you the experience that you need. But you should
never accept a job if it is not related to your career goals.

Accepting a job that is not within your career path will not give yoy the training or experience
you need or want. You will find yourself frustrated in such position and consequently will not
perform your best. This will have an effect on the people around you who will not feel as id
you are being a part of the team. The best advice is to think carefully before accepting any
position and make sure the job is the one you want to have.

5. What is the most significant factor in evaluating a job?

a. location
b. salary
c. value to your career
d. how much you like it.
e. prestige

6. Which is not mentioned as a sacrifice for valuable job?

a. moving to other region
b. no benefits
c. bad working hours
d. moving to other country
e. low salary

7. What is wrong with taking a job outside youe career path?

a. you will earn less
b. You won’t perform well
c. People will give you advice
d. You will be part of a team
e. People will complain to you.

8. What is the writer’s best advice?

a. Take the first job offered.
b. Consider changing career
c. Don’t work with other people.
d. Think before accepting a job.
e. Find a job with the highest salary.

Text 3
When a person old enough to be responsible for a crime? This question needs to be
investigated because the current law is not good enough
The law at present protects children aged between ten years and four years from being
punished for committing crimes. It is believed that children under fourteen years are too
young to realize the seriousness of their crimes. Mr. Stephen Scarlett, head of the NSW
Children’s Court, describes how clever young offenders use this defense, saying that they are
too young to understand that they have broken the law. Mr. Scarlett, an expert on this subject,
states that the age should be dropped from fourteen to twelve years. I agree with this.
Teenagers these days are far more sophisticated than those in the past. The law should
recognize this. In a recent survey some people suggested that the age for being responsible for
a crime should be dropped to eight years old. This, I feel, is too young. Fourteen, however, is
too old. Is there anyone who believes that a fourteen-year-old does not know that it is against
the law to steal or vandalize property? By the age of twelve, children are aware of what is
legal and what is not.
Public pressure creates change. It is now up to the public to put pressure on the government to
change the age at which a person may be held responsible for a crime from fourteen years to
twelve years. Out of date laws have no place in a modern society, especially one that needs
people to be responsible for their actions.

9. What does the text above talk about?

A.When a person is old enough to be responsible for a crime
B.When a person is being punished for committing crimes
C.When children are too young to be responsible for a crime
D.When a person is too old to be responsible for a crime
E.When do teenagers realize the seriousness of their crimes

10.In what age are the children protected by the present law from being punished for
committing crimes?
A.Ten years old
B.Fourteen years old
C.Ten to fourteen years old
D.Eight years old
E.Twelve years old

11. In what paragraph do we find the recommendation of the text above…..

A.In the first paragraph
B.In the second paragraph
C.In the third paragraph
D.In the fourth paragraph
E.In the fifth paragraph
12.The part of the text which states what ought or ought not to happen is called…..
A.Thesis
B.Argument
C.Elaboration
D.Reiteration
E.Recommendation

13.“Teenagers these days are far more sophisticated than those in the past.
The word “those” refer to…..
A.Days
B.Teenagers
C.Laws
D.Children
E.Crimes

14. What type of genre does the text belong to?

A.Analytical exposition
B.Hortatory exposition
C.Report
D.Description
E.Narrative

15. “Mr. Scarlett, an expert on this subject, states that the age should be dropped from
fourteen to twelve years. I agree with this.”
The underlined sentence expresses…..
A.Argument
B.Opinion
C.Certainty
D.Debate
E.Agreement
Text 4
Space travel should be stopped for many reasons. Firstly, it is totally unsafe as proven
by the Colombia Space Shuttle disaster. Thousand people have been killed in accidents.
Secondly, it costs billions and billions dollars everyday just to put fuel into rockets. Professor
Smith from the Spend Money on People Space Association agrees that space travel is a waste
of time and money. Further, space travel is altering the world’s weather pattern as evidenced
by the record of high temperatures this summer in Cobar. Everyone knows that if God wanted
us to fly in space we should have been born with space suits. Stop space before it destroys the
earth.

16. How many reasons are stated in the text dealing with the point that Space travel should be
stopped?
A.One
B.Two
C.Three
D.Four
E.Five

`17. “Professor Smith from the Spend Money on People not Space Association agree that
space travel is a waste of time and money.”
The sentence contains a word expresses…..
A.Agreement
B.Disagreement
C.Contrast
D.Certainty
E.Desire

18. Which is not true based on the text above…..

A.Space travel should be stopped
B.Space travel destroys the earth
C.Space travel costs billions and billions of dollars everyday
D.Space travel offer benefits to the earth
E.Space travel is unsafe

19.What does the text above mainly talk about?

A.Air travel
B.Road travel
C.Water travel
D.Space travel
E.Rocket travel

20. Stop space before it destroys the earth.

This part of paragraph indicates the…..
A.Reiteration
B.Reinforcement
C.Argument
D.Thesis
E.Elaboration
Stop space before it destroys the earth.

21. What does the word it refer to…..

A.Space
B.Travel
C.Space travel
D.The earth
E.Space suit

22. “Further, space travel is altering the world’s weather pattern as evidenced by the record of
high temperatures this summer in Cobar.”
The underlined word is a transitional word showing…..
A.Time
B.Addition
C.Logical relationship
D.Conclusion
E.Example
Text 5
Students’ cheating is one of the biggest problems faced by teachers nowadays.
Despite the fact that teachers advise their students not to do dishonest acts during tests, some
students still do cheating. There are many kinds of cheating that students do during the test or
examination, such as looking other students’ work, put some notes under their clothes, write
notes or formulas on their desks make hand signals or go to rest rooms to get the answers
from their friends.
In my view, students who do cheating are committing a crime. It is a sort of taking something
illegally. This crime causes negative results to the students. Students who always cheat
deteriorate their mental capacity. Cheating acts also create dependence. They weaken their
self confidence. Instead of preparing for the coming test, they are busy to organize notes on a
piece of paper. If this awful habit continues, the students will lose their opportunity to develop
their intellectual and mind.
Therefore, school should consider cheating as a very serious problem. School board and
administration should go hand to overcome this matter. Honesty must be put in school’s
vision. Harsh punishment must be applied to students who commit this crime.

23. What is mainly discussed in the text?

a.School policy
b.Harsh punishment
c.Cheating as a crime
d.Mental deterioration
e.Different ways of cheating

24. What will the school do to eliminate students who commit cheating?
a.Create a good vision
b.Select honest students
c.Make harsh punishment
d.Make students confident
e.Administer the school affair

25. “Students who always cheat deteriorate their mental capacity.” (Paragraph 3)
The underlined word means…
a.support
b.worsen
c.cause
d.create
e.find

26. “They weaken their self confidence.” (Paragraph 3)

What does the underlined word refer to?
a.tests
b.papers
c.results
d.students
e.cheatings
Text 6

Nearly all Indonesian students of Senior high School have on uniforms when they go to
schools. I personally think that uniforms are very necessary for senior High school students.
Why do I say that?
Firstly, school uniforms don't make a gap between the poor and the wealth. They erase the
social jealously among the students. By wearing uniforms, students will feel equal one
another and they respect one another.
Secondly, uniforms make students look neat and polite. Let's me imagine, if the students
did not wear uniform, they would likely tend to wear any clothes they want to. Some would
probably wear mini and sexy skirts showing off their things, others would be wearing
transparent blouses showing off their lingerie. Boys would be wearing sandals and jeans in
rags or T-shirts without sleeves. It's not really good to see such a condition, isn't it?
Thirdly, uniforms don't cost too much money because we can wear it with in 3 years' time.
I mean until students graduate from Senior high Schools. It's so different when they don't
wear uniforms. They have to spend much money for up-to-date fashions and I believe they
will be expensive. Wearing uniforms will lessen their parents' financial burden.
From the reasons listed above, I conclude that uniforms are still important to Senior high
School students.

27. Nearly all Indonesian students of Senior high School have on uniforms when they
go to schools.
The underlined word has the same meaning with…
A. Purchase
B. Reject
C. Putt of
D. Wear
E. Wash

28. Firstly, school uniforms don't make a gap between the poor and the wealth.
The underlined word has the same meaning with…
A. The pepople
B. The village
C. The rich
D. The staff
E. The official

29. Let's me imagine, if the students did not wear uniform, they would likely tend to wear
any clothes they want to.
The underlined word has the same meaning with…
A. Generally
B. Almost
C. Sometimes
D. Rarely
E. Possibly

30. I mean until students graduate from Senior high Schools.

The underlined word has the same meaning with…
A. Finish
B. Pass
C. Fail
D. Enroll
E. Study

31. Wearing uniforms will lessen their parents' financial burden.

The underlined word has the same meaning with ...
A. Raise
B. Cause
C. Force
D. Decrase
E. Increase