Design Project Proposal

KNR 1073 ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTATION

Project Title:

MOUSE TRAP SENSOR

Group Members:

Names Matrix No.

I. NURUL LIYANA BINTI YA’AKUP (72619)

II. PRASHANT RAGU (71324)
III. MOHD RAHUL BIN MOHD RAFIQ (70497)
 Design Project Proposal

{MOUSE TRAP SENSOR}

Submitted by

{ NURUL LIYANA BINTI YA’AKUP }

{ PRASHANT RAGU }
{ MOHD RAHUL BIN MOHD RAFIQ }

Approved by

Proposal Review Lecturer:

Name :
Signature :
Date :
 Motion Sensor in Mouse Trap

1. Introductions
1.1 Problem Statements.
The issues of heavy mouse population living in every house has been increasing lately by time
to time. Mouse is a disease carrier type of animal that may bring certain disease to human being
by their presence at home with their behavior living in it. Leaving this issue and not take action
on this issues will increase the rate of disease and sickness that carried by mouse and effect
human health which may lead to death. To resolve this issue we bring a new type of mouse
trap that may help to reduce the rate of population.
1.2 Objectives
The Objective of the project is to build a mousetrap which notifies any movement in an area of
places. This project we are using the motion sensor, buzzer and few more component in the
structure to build such a working system which functions. The function of this system mainly
place to such an area or block and can be in a room full of food and sort item that can interact
with mouse inside. For example, a shop, a private room, a house, and much more places. Its
mainly for safety purpose and notify any sign of the presence of mouse or any danger around
so it can be get rid off immediately after getting captured by the help of the buzzer that playing
its roles.
1.3 Scope Of Project
The goals for this project is to help reduce any food spoiling and more issue about losing any
sort of goods and also reduce the population of mouse. The world is not a safe place anymore
if there no mousetrap to notify people and people around them. This will help to reduce more
cases in the same category and protect and secure our food products and hygiene in good and
highly strict security systems. By achieving this goal we will manage to protect everything of
our properties or anything important belong to people from getting spoil and hygiene
problem.By the help buzzer this will notify the owner of the property to immediately take
actions and the LED attach with it help to make thing more obvious when something is inside
the traps.
2.Problem Solving.
A mousetrap is a system designed to detect intrusion unauthorized entry into a mouse trap or
other area. Mousetraps are used in residential, commercial, industrial, and almost everywhere.
Based on the research that has been done, this mouse trap circuit required a battery, battery
holder, buzzer, light-emitting diode (LED), resistor, a potentiometer (POT), infrared sensor
(IR), operational amplifier (LM358) and some wire connection to make a complete circuit
mouse trap.
This type of mouse trap that been made has such unique and has it own strength and for sure it
has it own slack, weakness. With this new adaptation that has been added from what an old
mouse trap used to work and simply looking plain and function and take quite a time to notice
when the mouse are trapped inside.
A big advantage of this mouse trap system is its usefulness in deterring mouse which is it can
produce a sound or beeping when there is a motion passing through the IR sensor and transmit
it through the buzzer. The light-emitting diode (LED) will produce a light to show there is the
flow of current when the buzzer and IR sensor detected some motion. The user of the resistor
in this circuit is to restrict the flow of current across any of the circuits and an operational
amplifier is a voltage amplifying device designed to be used with external feedback
components such as resistors and capacitors between its output and input terminals. It is a high-
gain electronic voltage amplifier with a differential input and usually a single-ended output.
However, this mouse trap has it a disadvantage, which is this trapping system can work
perfectly but, it has the potential to become fairly annoying as well. It is not uncommon for
false alarms to occur with the system. As the circuit is using the potentiometer (POT), the audio
produced by a buzzer can be adjusted by using this potentiometer (POT)
3. Current Status of Art
One of the existing sensor is a motion detector. A motion detector is a device that detects
moving objects, particularly people. Such a device is often integrated as a component of a
system that automatically performs a task or alerts a user of motion in an area. They form a
vital component of security, automated lighting control, home control, energy efficiency and
other useful systems. For example, door sensor is designed specifically to detect the motion of
the door, and not designed to focus on any other types of motion that may be seen around the
doors, outside the home, or in the interior.
The next existing sensor is a security alarm is a system designed to detect intrusion
unauthorized entry into a building or other area. Security alarms are used in residential,
commercial, industrial, and military properties for protection against burglary (theft)
or property damage, as well as personal protection against intruders. Security alarms in
residential areas show a correlation with decreased theft. Car alarms likewise help protect
vehicles and their contents. Prisons also use security systems for control of inmates.
Some alarm systems serve a single purpose of burglary protection, combination systems
provide both fire and intrusion protection. Intrusion alarm systems may also be combined
with closed-circuit television surveillance (CCTV) systems to automatically record the
activities of intruders, and may interface to access control systems for electrically locked doors.
As a result, the purpose of this mouse sensor project is to detect the motion of the mouse and
the present of the mouse inside the mouse trapper. When there a motion of mouse inside the
trapper, the buzzer will produce the sound to show the present of mouse. The motion of the
mouse will detect by using IR sensor which the LED will produce a light. Besides that, this
mouse sensor is created to prevent the mouse escape from the trapper. So it can easily detect
by human without checking the trapper every single time.
4. Engineering Approach (including solution alternatives)
4.1 Introduction
The most important engineering approach done is the path of the guillotine door in the door
assembly, and the placement of the motion detectors in the cover. The guillotine door must be
free to slide up and down freely. Because gravity is the sole reason the door falls, it is a
considerable risk that the door will jam. By animating the path of the door, potential sources
of jamming can be visualized and eliminated. The placement of the motion detectors is
imperative in the accuracy and safety of the trap. Three motion detectors are used to trace the
movement of the rat through the tubes. The motion detectors must have complete coverage of
the tubes and the doors. By knowing the area in which the motion detectors can cover, the
quantity and placement of motion detectors can be determined.
4.2 Summary statement of analysis done
For the guillotine door, a linear motion motor was used to simulate the up and down movement
of the door. The time it takes for the door to rise, is reflective of the real world. The total travel
time of the door was calculated by discovering the time it took for one revolution, and
multiplying that by the fraction of drive shaft circumference and the total path travel. When
analyzing the motion detectors, a cone was calculated that reflected the region the motion
detector could pick up. The formulas used a simple triangle to understand the spacing and the
area of influence. The surveillance area can be calculated by multiplying the distance of the
detector from the bottom of the tube by the tangent of the half angle. It is safe to assume that
most mole rates will move near the bottom of the tube
4.3 Methodology
We first knew that the door needed to travel somewhere between 1.7 and 1.8 inches; the
diameter of the tube was 1.75 inches.Most important that we knew how long it took for the
door to rise and fall. By finding the rpm of the motor and the circumference of the drive shaft,
we could predict how fast our small motor could lift the door. Once determined, the door was
constrained so that its top plane remained parallel to the ground and it sides perpendicular to
the ground. To analyze the motion detectors, the sensor’s cone of detection was calculated and
projected down to a flat surface. We then decided that the sensors should overlap a little incase
the sensor’s cone of detection is weaker at its edges. From there, the sensors were arranged
evenly in the cover to provide complete coverage of the trap. After the simulation, there was
enough confidence that real world experimentation was not required to move forward with the
project. The math was done correctly and precisely and the results reflected that. The real fear
remained that the door would jam, however we knew that part modifications could be
performed after assembly to ease the friction between the door and its groove. A test rig was
not required for any engineering analysis required here.
4.4 Results
Our results predicted that the trap door will take 1.3 seconds to travel its full path. The
reasoning behind this is described in the Methodology section. When programmed into
SolidWorks motion, the door rose constantly for 1.3 seconds to the top of the tube. The door
moved freely and without obstacles. This was promising as the door was then poised to be able
to fall quickly without jamming. The motion detectors have a horizontal coverage of about 6
inches. This is surprisingly large coverage distance that was unpredicted. After a group
conversation, we decided it was best to still move forward with three motion sensors as having
duplicate coverage was not harmful. In the coding phase, we could write a formula to average
out the inputs, helping to protect the design from a singular sensor failure.
4.5 Significance
The results help to influence the final prototype by giving reassurance that the door will go up
and down without complications and jamming. The tolerancing around the door seems to be
Tube Motion Sensor Area of surveillance and sharp edge contact seems to be avoided. Since
the door will be 3D printed, the roughness of external surfaces is unknown now. We do have
contingency plans to smooth the door and the groove that it slides in to lower friction and help
with friction. In regards to the house of the motor and the door, the current design seems to
allow plenty of space for the door to travel in. No further design changes are necessary to the
door. The motion sensors can now be place evenly throughout the cover. Since overlap is
inevitable, the location and placement of the sensors is no longer as important as the coding.
An advanced formula must now be used to average the input from the sensors. The
repetitiveness will be beneficial in the long run, helping to support sensors if one were to fail.
4.6 Summary of code and standards and their influence
From our codes, it is most important that the naked moles rats unharmed. If all else fails, there
must be precautions taken to protect the life of the naked mole rat. This engineering analysis
demonstrates this. Our motion sensor will have the adequate and repetitive ability to know the
position of the naked mole rat always. If the right code is used, this will inhibit door from
falling on the rap, causing injury or death.

Component required for the circuit

No. Components Descriptions

1. 1 x IR Sensor An infrared sensor is an electronic device, that

emits in order to sense some aspects of the
surroundings. An IR sensor can measure the heat
of an object as well as detects the motion.
2. 1 x POT meter The measuring instrument called
a potentiometer is essentially a voltage divider
used for measuring electric potential (voltage);
the component is an implementation of the same
principle, hence its name. Potentiometers are
commonly used to control electrical devices such
as volume controls on audio equipment.

3. 1 x L.E.D Light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor

device that emits light when an electric current is
passed through it

4. 1 x 8.2 KΩ Resistor A resistor is a passive two terminal electrical

1 x 470 Ω Resistor component that implements electrical
resistance as a circuit element. In electronic
circuits, resistors are used to reduce current flow.

5. 1 x Operational Amplifier An Operational Amplifier or op-amp is a voltage

amplifying device designed to be used with
external feedback components such as resistors
and capacitors between its output and input
terminals

6. Jumper Wires Jumper wires allows an electrical current to travel

from one point on a circuit to another, because
electricity needs a medium through which to
move

7. Breadboard A breadboard is a solderless device for temporary

prototype with electronics and test circuit designs.
Most electronic components in electronic circuits
 can be interconnected by inserting their leads into
the holes and then making connections through
wires.

8. 9V Battery 9-volt battery, is a common size of battery that

was introduced for the early transistor radios. It
has a rectangular prism shape with rounded edges
and a polarized snap connector at the top.

9. Battery Connector The battery has both terminals in a snap

connector on one end. The smaller circular (male)
terminal is positive, and the larger hexagonal or
octagonal (female) terminal is the negative
contact. The connectors on the battery are the
same as on the load device; the smaller one
connects to the larger one and vice versa

10. Buzzer Buzzers are simple devices that can generate basic
beeps and tones

Project Circuit :

5. Tasks and Deliverables

Before we start mouse trap this mousetrap, I(Rahul), Liyana and Ragu have to wait and buy all
these component. We all are doing research about all this component one by one to make sure
there no error in making this circuit or else we will having trouble in the issue of the component
and will carefully look the price range of each component. We will compare each component
that we need to complete this mouse trap system. We are making this system as purchasable
and good quality with no error and issues after mouse trap it. It is not an easy task to build such
a complicated system with reasonable price but it surely works. Process of making this system
we will also important in safety issue because we playing with electric which can harm us in a
sort of ways. We will make sure to follow all the basic knowledge and basic rule of electrical
which will help no one of us getting hurt and causes trouble.

We will give the customer a prototype of how this mouse trap system works. This will help to
convince the buyer to be attracted. When they see the system work they will buy and equip this
system around anywhere they wanna places. This system suits mostly all situation because it
detects motion when there no people around a place it will notify them. This help to fortified
the security of places or area more tightly. This design is very important for people in their
daily basis because we have to protect out belonging and all sort related to it.
6. Project Management

Week Description of task assignment

1-3 We are instructed to form a group with three to four members.
Then, we are given the task of making a sensor project.

4 Each of the members in the group does research to suggest and

create a circuit that can be applied in this sensor project.
After the research is done, we making a decision on what circuit
need to do. Then, we divide our work and proceed to the
proposal. Mohd Rahul does an introduction, problem definition
and engineering approach. Nurul Liyana does the current status
of art and project management. Prashant Ragu does tasks and
deliverables, conclusion and references.

5 We submit our soft copy proposal through online and wait for
lecturer approver.

6-9 We prepare components that are needed in this sensor project

9-11 We start our project by using a breadboard and some

component. After the circuit functioning well, we do the project
report.

12 We will be present our project

Week/ Task 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
 Group
member and
given a
sensor
project
Proposal
submission
Preparation
of
components
Start the
project
Presentation

Component Quantity Price

Battery 4 5.00
Battery holder 1 5.00
Buzzer 2 6.00
Light-emitting diode 4 2.00
(LED)(470kΩ)
Resistor (8.2kΩ) 4 2.00
Potentiometer (POT) (20kΩ) 2 5.00
Infrared Sensor (IR) 2 4.00
Operational Amplifier (LM358) 2 3.00
Wires/Jumper 6 3.00
Breadboard 1 4.00
Total 39.00

In this mouse trap circuit project, there is three-member that had been assigned to calculate the
budget, planning the used of the component and the arrangement of the mouse trap circuit.
One of the members, Nurul Liyana was assigned to calculate on the budget used in this mouse
trap circuit. The total of the budget used for this project is in the range of RM39.00 – RM45.00.
The table above has shown the total price of the component that will be used in this project.
Prashant Ragu was assigned to list down the material and component that were used in this
mouse trap circuit. The component that used is the battery, battery holder, buzzer, light-
emitting diode (LED), resistor, a potentiometer (POT), infrared sensor (IR), operational
amplifier (LM358), wires and breadboard to make this complete mouse trap circuit. The last
member, Mohd Rahul was assigned to do the arrangement of the mouse trap circuit. The
mousetrap circuit was arranged in a parallel circuit. The arrangement of the circuit is in parallel
so it will ensure all the components in the circuit have the same voltage as the source.
Progression Of The Project

Circuit of the project

Housing for the circuit

7.Conclusion
The mousetrap is a tremendous home device that enables to catch mice alive. It works well
while activated and in our tests, no particular issue has been noticed. It is using less energy
while awaiting the mouse. In fact, only the IR Emitter and receiver are activated at this point
and the LCD also displays a message but the backlight is turned off. When a mouse is detected
the LED remain lit after the door closed until it is reopened again. So power consumption
increases a little bit more after the mouse has been captured. This is the cost to pay in order to
prevent the house from occupant that the mouse is present inside the trap. The device is made
of electronic components and must be protected from humidity. There is no particular safety
issue since the device uses a 9V battery to operate. The device as it is conceived can also be
used to capture another animal alive. This particularity might be very useful for animal
protection. In summary, the welfare of rats, mice and moles should be taken into account, as it
is for other species, when designing traps for killing them. If traps for these species are to be
included in the approval process, each type should have to meet the same standards as new
traps; none should be approved automatically on the basis of their long-standing or prior
existence. This will involve killing trials in the first instance to determine threshold impact
momentum and clamping force values for these species and in the case of moles for the
different trap types. We agree with Talling and Inglis (2009) that spring traps should require
approval for all trapped species and that a tiered welfare system could, particularly in the case
of break-back traps for rats and mice, and mole spring traps, stimulate an ongoing improvement
in trap welfare standards for these species.

8.References
a) Cai, L., Song, L., Luan, P., Zhang, Q., Zhang, N., Gao, Q., ... & Zhou, W. (2013).
Super-stretchable, transparent carbon nanotube-based capacitive strain sensors for
human motion detection. Scientific reports, 3, 3048.
b) Hardie, R. C., & Barnard, K. J. (2012). Fast super-resolution using an adaptive Wiener
filter with robustness to local motion. Optics express, 20(19), 21053-21073.
c) Goyette, N., Jodoin, P. M., Porikli, F., Konrad, J., & Ishwar, P. (2012, June). Change
detection. net: A new change detection benchmark dataset. In 2012 IEEE computer
society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (pp. 1-8).
IEEE.
d) Chaudhuri, S., & Manjunath, J. (2006). Motion-free Super-resolution. Springer Science
& Business Media.
e) He, X., & Yuille, A. (2010, September). Occlusion boundary detection using pseudo-
depth. In European Conference on Computer Vision (pp. 539-552). Springer, Berlin,
Heidelberg.
f) Nayar, S. K., & Ben-Ezra, M. (2004). Motion-based motion deblurring. IEEE
transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence, 26(6), 689-698.
g) Ben-Ezra, M., Zomet, A., & Nayar, S. K. (2005). Video super-resolution using
controlled subpixel detector shifts. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and
Machine Intelligence, 27(6), 977-987.
h) Overington, I., & Greenway, P. (1987, January). Theoretical And Practical Super-
Resolution Performance In Simple Processing Of Local Form, Motion And Stereo
Disparity. In Optics, Illumination, and Image Sensing for Machine Vision (Vol. 728,
pp. 10-18). International Society for Optics and Photonics.