1. TITLE.

​ACIDS AND ALKALIS

AIM / HYPOTHESIS

Do daily life substances have similar pH?

Daily life substances have similar pH. 

VARIABLES

Dependent: ​pH
Independent:​ ​substance indicator and amount
Controlled:​ litmus paper

1. REQUIREMENTS

MATERIALS REAGENTS LABORATORY

EQUIPMENT

Orange juice(5ml) Litmus paper 6 Test tubes per group.

Laundry detergent (5ml) pH universal indicator Test tube rack per group.
Lemon juice (5ml) 2 Droppers per group.
Vitamine C Tablet.
Bleach (5ml)
Milk (5ml)
water (5ml)

1. SAFETY
Follow the teacher's instructions.

METHOD

1. Take a (5ml) sample of every substance and pour it in different test tubes,
2. Test with litmus paper.
3. Test with pH universal indicator.

1. ​RESULTS ( QUALITATIVE / QUANTITATIVE)

Create a table to show the results

Milk - acidic (2) 

Water - neutral (7) 
Lemon juice - acidic (0-1) 
Orange juice - acidic (3-4) 
Salty water - acidic (2) 
Soap water - alkaline (9-10) 
 1. ANALYSIS

Sort the substances from the lowest to the highest pH.

Lemon juice < Salty water = Milk < Orange juice < Water < Soap water

Lemon juice (0-1)

Salty water (2)

Milk (2)

Orange juice (3-4)

Water (7)

Soap water (9-10)

What other indicators can you find?

There  are  natural  indicators.  Natural  indicators  ​can  be  found  naturally,  and 
Natural  indicators  ​not  chemical  substance.  For  example,  grape  juice,  red 
cabbage and tomato.  
 1. CONCLUSION

I  think  my  hypothesis  is correct,  daily life substances have similar pH. Because 

from  the  result  of  experiment,  we  can  see  the  salty  water  and  milk  have  the 
same  pH.  And  from  the  pH  scale  of  the  mike,  salty  water  and  orange  juice,  we 
can see their pH scale is close. All in all my hypothesis is correct.   

1. ​EVALUATION AND IMPROVEMENT

How can you make a natural indicator more accurate?

1. When you add the natural indicator make sure you add the same amount to
each liquid.
2. Test them more than 1 times, and calculate the mean of results.
3. We also can compare to universal indicator.

1. ​BIBLIOGRAPHY

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_gateway_pre_2011/che
mical/acidsrev2.shtml
checkpoint book 1.
http://www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/experiments/red-cabbage-chemistry/
EXTRA ACTIVITY.

Answer questions 1 to 13, pages 145- 150.

NOTE. Your lab report must include: all the points developed, two
conclusions. The extra activity is a separated grade.