The Effects of using Social Media particularly Facebook of Grade 12 students at

St. Mary’s Academy of Palo, Inc.

S.Y 2019-2020

A Research Paper Presented to

The Faculty and Staff of St. Mary’s Academy of Palo, Inc.

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in

Practical Research II

By:

Vincent Abella

Paul Jeric Barretto

Shannin Izobel Dolina

Ralph Benyil Hermano

Anghelina Manato

Shaentelle Pedida

Michael John Perges

Cyrille Regis

Lucky Sanico

Anielson Soledad

November 2019
 Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

In this growing society, the social media particularly Facebook continuously plays a vital

role in our lives. It is use as means of communication, entertainment, a hobby and also for

educational purposes. Facebook is very popular social media sites, among each individuals living

in society most specially to the millennials. Eilison (2007), describes the famous social networking

sites Facebook and it describes how people are getting involve or influence by this. It usually

describes how this famous social networking sites plays a vital role in every individual and

continuously growing and influence many of the millennial in today’s generation and the average

usage of this famous social networking sites become specially to the students that made to be

susceptible in this modern ages.

The studies show that Facebook extension presence can have effects that are harmful in

their behaviour. If the students spend most of the time on Facebook their behaviour towards other

changes. A day students should spend at least 30-35 minutes, surfing Facebook. They actually surf

for only three to four minutes on each visit to be updated but they severely visit Facebook a day.

Others spend eight on the website. Although the students consider Facebook as distracting and

consuming a lot of time, they note that they can't stop visiting the website because they prefer it

and use it to contact family members, and friends, whether or not encounter them each day.

(Kirkpartrick,2010)

Behind all of this things, all throughout the convenience or satisfaction that Facebook can

give day by day, the young ones that considered as the “Hope of our Nation” are the most
susceptible to influence in this modern age. The wage of social media particular Facebook or

students are rampant. They spend hours and even a day using this to make themselves satisfied,

and according to the new report by (London, United Kingdom, “We are social” the Philippines

again topped at the world in terms of social media and was about 17 million people who are using

this “we are social” also said that averages Filipino people spent 3 hours and 57 mins, a day on

social media sites mainly Facebook. Through this, the addiction of the students on Facebook

affects their lives. It results different behavioural effects and that includes being too lazy in terms

of studies, procrastination, being introvert and sensitive, and sometimes the respect from others

are lost. So this study focus on what are the different behavioural effects of Facebook to the grade

7 students of St. Mary’s Academy of Palo, Inc. S.Y 2019-2020.

Hence, according to Ainin Sulaiman (2013), many education institutions and educationists

utilize Facebook as a medium for students to gain knowledge. Many students have explained that

they have empowered their connection with their teachers and principal via Facebook. Review of

the literature shows that many studies investigated students learning activities. Accordingly, when

schools, universities or colleges enable Facebook at their learning centre, this would benefit the

students because Facebook is a good source of news. To illustrate, students could get to learn the

numerous activities that is taking place and concurrently they could better comprehend with the

current happenings around the world.

The effects of using Facebook to the students are manifested nowadays through the

constant exposure to the said internet application.

Statement of the problem

The study aims to determine the effects of using Facebook to the grade 12 students in Saint

Mary’s Academy of Palo Inc. school year 2019-2020. Moreover, it seeks to find answers in the

following question.

1. What are the identified effects of using Facebook to the students?

2. What are the impact of Facebook, in terms of?

2.1 Physical

2.2 Psychological

2.3 Social

2.4 Emotional

3. What are the benefits of Facebook towards Academic Performance?

Significance of the Study

The study about the Effects of Social Media to students of Saint Mary's Academy of Palo

is very helpful for the students, the researchers, the parents and most especially to the teachers.

These are the significance of our study to the following.

Students: The study gives emphasis to the students so that, they may be able to know how to

manage their time wisely. And also to be able to know, what is the proper usage of Facebook

together with a sense of responsibility.

Parents: The primary source of the students’ knowledge, they should also know about this topic

so that they may be able to guide along with their children.

Teachers: Serves as the second parents to the students, they should be informed the effects of

social media to their students to help regulate the usage of Facebook.

Researchers: The finding of the study will provide other researchers insights into certain other

problems that need deeper and closer scrutiny especially on the effect of Facebook into their lives.

Scope and Limitations

The main focus of the study is to determine the behavioural effects of social media

particularly Facebook in Saint Mary’s Academy of Palo S.Y. 2019-2020. The total number of

respondents are 30% to the Grade 12 students of Saint Mary’s Academy of Palo S.Y. 2019-2020.

The study will be conducted at Saint Mary’s Academy of Palo and located at Bonifacio St. Sta.

Cruz, Palo, Leyte.

TABLE 1.

GRADE 12 NUMBER OF RESPONDENTS

GRADE 12- Fortitude 14

GRADE 12- Piety 13

GRADE 12- Obedience 13

GRADE 12- Temperance 13

μ = ( Σ Xi ) / N

Whereas;

μ = mean

Σ Xi= total number of population

N= is the total number of respondents

The symbol ‘μ’ represents the population mean. The symbol ‘Σ Xi’ represents the total population.

The symbol ‘N’ represents the total number of individuals or cases in the population.
 Chapter ll.

Review Related Literature

In this chapter, different literatures and studies are discussed with connection on the current

research. Different variables of this study and those related studies are included in this part.

Related Literature

According to Arfa Karim (2012), Facebook is a social website which is used to remain

connected to other people. Facebook was introduced in 2004 and in its 6 years it has crossed more

than 6 million users at present time. At the same time, you can see your all friends and family

members’ activities and also can find your lost friends here. It gives the facility to chat with all

those in your contacts and you can see their activities and also pass comments on them. Facebook

has become so much common among teens, youngsters and also among elders. It provides the

facility to search anyone, present in any part of the country. You can chat with and come to know

about your relatives and friends living far away and you will feel very close to them. It has both

positive and negative edges. Hundreds of millions of people use Facebook to enhance their lives

in a part time activity. Facebook and especially internet are the socially connecting ways and

sometimes it makes so lonely that the students do not find time for their family members even.

They get so much into it and forget about other responsibilities and physical activities.

The studies show that Facebook extension presence can have effects that are harmful in

their behaviour. If the students spend most of the time on Facebook their behaviour towards other

changes. A day students should spend at least 30-35 minutes, surfing Facebook. They actually surf

for only three to four minutes on each visit to be updated but they severely visit Facebook a day.

Others spend eight on the website. Although the students consider Facebook as distracting and

consuming a lot of time, they note that they can't stop visiting the website because they prefer it
and use it to contact family members, and friends, whether or not encounter them each day.

(OnlineEducation.net)

So by this study talks about the reason why some of our students became extensively

connected to Facebook. Also, it considers as factors that some of the students can't stop visiting

the website of Facebook, because they want to keep updated to their family, friends that they can’t

encounter each day. It gives us the average use time usage that students must use Facebook for

each day and how it changes the everyday communicate with others. Facebook being social

networking sites provides an online platform on which students create profiles, promote and saves

information and contents and have intersection with contacts with known and unknown. Facebook

have expanded recently, which have led to use of people of all generations extensively. Several

types of research examine the online platform attractions and its persuasive and the reason that

cause people of every kind and different ages to fuz. (Ellison 2007)

The study of Tess (2013) describes the famous social networking sites Facebook and it

describes how people are getting involve or influence by this. It usually describes how this famous

social networking sites plays a vital role in every individual and continuously growing and

influence many of the millennia’s in today’s generation and the average usage of this famous social

networking sites become specially to the students that made to be susceptible in this modern ages.

The study that there is a variety by correlative that exits in the literature. Other studies through

find a significant negative correlation between a students’ behavioural and use of Facebook. While

others find no correlation or weak correlations only a few studies come up with positive

correlations though not with high level significance interestingly, the negative correlation for the

Facebook usage and behaviour have been associated persevere. The study shows the significant

negative effect of the usage of famous social networking sites Facebook to the students on their
behavioural. It shows the correlation between positive and negative effect of any this and it

describes how the negative effect takes place on each individuals who are involved of using

Facebook, in their lives.

According to Mehran Ali (2007) Facebook is quite addictive, once you get started you will

find yourself checking it every day and doing so make you interested in using it and then you start

checking your friends’ s and messages and their activities and most addictive thing on Facebook

is playing games which are available there. Using Facebook makes students idol, they just stick

around their desktops and keep using Facebook. All the activities on Facebook take long time and

user get deep down in it and forget about other things. Students forget about their other duties and

start giving all the time in pursuing, what will be the next on Facebook by them or their friends.

This is really not good for students as they must show more concern to their prior duties, their

family and relatives. Access of everything is bad, while using Facebook students should keep in

mind the time limit and other works and responsibilities which hold more importance to their life

than using Facebook.

According to Huseyin Bicen (2005) Social networks are one of the most used

communication methods of today's world. Their use in different fields has been examined in

several research studies. This study aims to examine the effects of social media on student's

behaviours which will mainly focus on Facebook. Whether there is a positive relationship between

confidence, social media participation and social media related behaviours will also be assed with

regard to using Facebook. In order to collect the primary data, a general scanning model was used

to observe attitudes of high school students. The participants chosen were 362 high school students

from level 9 to 12. The findings highlight that Facebook is used for communication entertainment

and sharing news, pictures and songs. In addition, their Facebook profile picture is alone and
students were aware that swearing is considered a form of misconduct, which is a good sign. The

study also indicates that students were aware of protecting their social identity as their Facebook

shares are not public. Furthermore, they respect privacy as they do not use their friend's Facebook

account. Students reflect their mood on social media which creates a chance for consultancy. Nice

Facebook comments increase students' confidence. Students know how to control their privacy.

Students' Facebook use shows indications of narcissism.

Related Studies

Today Facebook is considered as one of the most popular platforms for online social

networking among youth, and - as many researches show – university students. The purpose of

this study is to assess the impact of social networking sites i.e. Facebook on students’ academic

performance. The study was carried out in Wollega University with regular undergraduate students

in focus. A questionnaire was designed to assess impact of Facebook usage on Student and was

administered to 384 students’ selected using stratified sampling technique. Variables identified are

time spent on Facebook, addiction to Facebook and academic performance. The Pearson product-

moment correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between addiction to

Facebook and time spent on Facebook and students’ academic performance. Furthermore, a

multiple linear regression was carried out to determine the relative contribution of addiction to

Facebook and time spent on Facebook to students’ academic performance. An analysis of the

results was carried out using the SPSS software package. And the findings of this study shows that

time spent on Facebook and addiction to it negatively and significantly affects students’ academic

performance.
 This research intends to examine how spending time on Facebook affect students' academic

performance. It explores behavioural factors affecting students utilising Facebook. Questionnaires

were personally distributed to 667 undergraduate and postgraduate students from the University

of Malaya to determine their intentions for using Facebook, which will allow us to discern the

symptoms related to excessive Facebook usage by students. The AMOS software was used to

hypothesis the relationship between the variables. The results show that students use Facebook for

entertainment, relaxing/escaping, and passing time, but not for socializing and social information.

Spending time on Facebook has a positive effect on their academic performance, which indicated

that the time spent on Facebook did not affect their education. It is anticipated that the findings

from this study would provide clear insights on how the behavioural factors of a student affect

their academic performance. This research would help educationists, parents, and the students

themselves development appropriate measures to control and curb excessive usage of Facebook or

using Facebook as a learning tool.

Facebook as a social network was the 4th most visited website in 2010 (Bowe, 2010)

attracting over 800 million users to date (Elphinstone & Noller, 2011). SNS like Facebook has

become a social phenomenon (Zaremohzzabien, Abvsuman, Omar, Bolong & Kamarudin, 2014).

Mark Zuckerberg created Facebook in 2004 in order to access student information through a social

network. Facebook was first used as a virtual medium for students of Harvard University for

identification of each other and for making new social relationships (Mark off, 2007). The wide

spread Facebook usage was spread to other universities and eventually became a public domain in

2006 (Boyd & Ellison, 2007). Today, there are more than 500 million Facebook users who are

active participants in the social networking site (Facebook, 2011). A study by Kuss and Griffiths

(2011) suggests that between 55% and 82% of teenagers and young adults respectively use
Facebook on a regular basis. Although Facebook could be a great tool to connect with friends and

maintain relationships, there is a line that could be crossed in which adolescents utilize Facebook

too much where they cross the limit from simply using the site to devoting all of their time and

energy to checking their news feeds (Sharma, 2011). Excessive use as well as ease of its use makes

many adolescents addicted to it. Addiction is a condition that results when a person ingests a

substance (alcohol, cocaine, nicotine) or engages in an activity (gambling) that can be 196 | Shivani

Vashishtha, Sona Ahuja and Mani Sharma pleasurable but the continued use of which becomes

compulsive and interferes with ordinary life responsibilities, such as work or relationships, even

health (Psychological Today.com, 2011). The sudden excessive use of Facebook has opened the

gateway to Facebook addiction as a psychological disorder that is mostly found in adolescents.

Technology’s rapid evolution in the last ten years has resulted in the world operating on an

international scale with information readily available with the click of a button. Thanks to the rise

of social media, young men and women now exchange ideas, feelings, personal information,

pictures and videos at a truly astonishing rate. As social networking sites continue to grow, there

is a continual debate on whether it is beneficial or harmful to users. Many learners, especially

college students, utilize these sites on a daily basis. Researchers all throughout the world have been

diving into a considerable amount of research on how social media influences overall student

academic performance (Siraj, Salam, Hasan, Jin, Roslan, &Othman, 2015; Jacobsen & Forste,

2011; Flanigan & Babchuk, 2015; Al-Rahmi, Othman, & Yusuf, 2015; Ainin, Naqshbandi,

Moghavvemi, & Jaafar, 2014; Al-Menayes, 2015; Thalluri & Penman, 2015; Kirschner &

Karpinski, 2010; Banquil, Chuna, Leano, Rivero, Bruce, Dianalan, Matienzo, & Timog, 2009).

This study specifically targets college aged students in the United States, and examines the
relationship between their social media usage both in and out of the classroom and academic

performance.

Facebook has attracted considerable attention among researchers. As a social networking

site, it offers an online platform on which users create profiles, generate and share contents and

information, and interact with other known and unknown contacts (Boyd and Ellison, 2007).

Facebook also has experienced vast expansion in recent years, leading to its extensive use by

people from all generations. Its 661.3 million users represent annual growth of 45.2% (Inside

Facebook Gold, 2011), while its business value has surged to US$50 billion after an investment

by Goldman Sachs in early 2011. Several studies examine the attraction and persuasive character

of this online platform and similar networking sites (e.g., Fogg and Iizawa, 2008), as well as the

reasons that cause people from all walks of life and age ranges to join this community or similar

options. Many people actively participate in content generation and value creation, and several

researchers (e.g., Young et al., 2009; Vasalou et al., 2010) have examined their profiles to

determine why and to what extent they are keen on posting their entire identity, sharing pictures

and videos, and indicating their religious affiliations, marital status, and political orientations on

the Internet. These users interact with others, exchange information about their interests, raise

discussions about news topics, follow news about specific topics on Twitter, and enjoy sharing

private videos on YouTube. However, few studies examine the return on these investments in the

networks, whether for the companies for the individual users who post. Some studies suggest that

these platforms likely support social capitalization and increase interactions in a community of

others with common traits and interests, as demonstrated by Facebook (Burke et al., 2010; Ellison

et al., 2007, 2011; Ginger, 2007; Yoder and Stutsman, 2011).

 Facebook addiction refers to spending so much amount of time on Facebook that it

interferes in everyday life. When adolescents exceed the limit of being addicted to Facebook, it

starts changing into a psychological disorder known as Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD),

which means spending an excessive amount of time on Facebook, which may restrict adolescents

to devote their proper time to real life activities such as work, school, or maintaining relationships

with family and friends. FAD includes mood modification, deficient self- regulations negative

outcomes (Lee, Chung & Thadani, 2012), salience, loss of control, withdrawal, relapse

(Balakrishnan & Saman, 2013) and tolerance (Zaremonzzabien, Saman, Omar, Bolong &

Kamarudin, 2014). FAD is most commonly observed in adolescents because of lack of awareness

among them regarding the use of internet and social networking sites. The adolescent stage is the

stage of stress and storm, strain and strife (Hall, 1904) and because of this, they are unable to

discriminate between right and wrong. Facebook addiction may make adolescents experience

problems and erosions in their academic life, as this habit interferes with their daily life activities

including most important aspect of their academic life i.e. their study habits and academic

achievement. Facebook is mainly used to keep up with social aspects of college life and it is a part

of most students' daily routine (Madge, Meek, Wellens & Hooley, 2009). Facebook offers many

different options for social networking and entertainment. As far as communication goes,

Facebook offers a chat option in which people can send messages instantly to one another. These

are not the only things Facebook does as the adolescents can also use this site to create academic

groups in order to share the important information. However, students did not seem to agree on

the fact that Facebook helped their academic life (Madge et. al., 2009).
 Conceptual Framework or Theoretical Framework

Input Process

 Identify the effects of using Facebook to the

students
Measures the effects of Facebook
 Determine the various impact of Facebook in

students’ physical, psychological, emotional and usage to the students.

social interaction.

 Beneficial effects of Facebook towards Academic

Performance

Output

The Effects of using Social Media particularly Facebook of Grade 12 students at

St. Mary’s Academy of Palo

S.Y 2019-2020
Definition of terms

Family- serves as the basic unit and strong force of the society that nourishes the hearts and minds

Introvert - a shy, reticent person.

Millennials- a person reaching young adulthood in the early 21st century.

Social Media: they are forms of electronic communication which facilitate interactive base on

certain interests. Social media include web and mobile technology. Boyd & Ellison (2008) defined

Social Media as a group of internet based application that allows the creation and exchange of user

generated content.

Social Networking: the use of internet to make information about yourself available to other

people especially people you share an interest with to send messages to them.

Social Networking Sites: a website where people put information about them and can send to

others.

Facebook: simply Facebook is a most popular free social networking website that allows users to

create profiles, upload photos and video, send messages and keep in touch with friends, family and

colleagues.

Hypothesis

The use of social media particularly Facebook affects the behaviour and students’ performance in

school both negative and positive.

 Chapter III.

Research Methodology

Introduction

This chapter describes the methodology of research study, supervision of the interviewers

and collecting data analysis, technique including collection of study design.

Research Design

The research will use descriptive analytic design, wherein, the researchers will describe the

results which will be solicited from our respondents’ answers and conducting the survey. After

describing the results, they will be analysed as to what are truly the effects of using Facebook to

the Grade 12 students of St. Mary's Academy of Palo Inc. SY. 2019-2020.

Research Locale

This research will take place in the Catholic Learning Institution named St. Mary's

Academy of Palo Inc. Also prominently known before as Leyte Central Academy. This school is

named by the congregation of the Religious of Virgin Mary, founded by Chinese. India woman

named Ven. Ignacia Del Espiritu Santo. It is known to have produced not only Paloanons but

also Alumni and Alumnus outside the Municipality of Palo. This school aims not only to excel in

academics but also to its students’ body and heart for more holistic growth development of its

students.
Research Respondents

The respondents of the study will involve 30% of the total population in the Grade 12

students of St. Mary's Academy of Palo who are officially involved for S.Y 2019-2020.

Research Instrument

The research instrument that the researchers will be using is checklist type of survey

questionnaire. By having that type of questionnaire the researchers will be able to gather data. In

this questionnaire the following are to be found name (optional) Section and Grade Level, and

gender. We will also have essay type questions that will be used for the elaboration of their

answers. The following questions that will be asked are related to the topic. It will help the

researchers to determine the effects of using Facebook to the Grade 12 Fortitude, Temperance,

Piety and Obedience students of SMAP S.Y 2019-2020.

Research Procedure

The researchers secured the written permit to the administrators of the St. Mary's Academy

of Palo. After given the permission, the researchers will explain the purpose of the study to the

respondents which are the Grade 12 Fortitude, Piety, Obedience and Temperance students. The

researchers will make sure that each of the respondents corresponds to their predefined criteria the

researchers collected the data by mean of survey questionnaire have taken the test; The papers will

be checked, interpreted and analysed.

Statistical Data Treatment

Through the research instrument, the researchers will be able to find the population mean

based on how the respondents answers the survey questionnaires, to interpret the data effectively,

the researchers used this data treatment.

 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The researcher’s want to express their deepest gratitude to the following persons who

extend their unselfish assistance, moral support, guidance and valuable suggestions which made

possible the realization of this work:

First, the researcher would like to offer this endeavour to the Lord, God Almighty for the

wisdom we destoned upon we, the strength, peace of my mind and good health in order to finish

this research.

To our research adviser Mrs. Michelle D. Bargayo for imparting her knowledge and

expertise in this study.

To Mr. Andy Portugal and to Mrs. Nariza Marasigan for their guidance for doing this

research and the support they gave in completing this endeavour.

To our parents and friends

Also to our beloved principal S. Mary Grace B. Sebigan, RVM for her guidance and

constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding this research.

The researcher appreciation and thanks the people who have willingly helped out with

their abilities.