At 165,250,000 square kilometers (63,800,000 square miles) in area (as defined with an Antarctic

southern border), this largest division of the World Ocean—and, in turn, the hydrosphere—covers about
46% of Earth's water surface and about one-third of its total surface area, making it larger than all of
Earth's land area combined.[1] The centers of both the Water Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere
are in the Pacific Ocean. The equator subdivides it into the North(ern) Pacific Ocean and South(ern)
Pacific Ocean, with two exceptions: the Galápagos and Gilbert Islands, while straddling the equator, are
deemed wholly within the South Pacific.[2] Its mean depth is 4,000 meters (13,000 feet).[3] The Mariana
Trench in the western North Pacific is the deepest point in the world, reaching a depth of 10,911 meters
(35,797 feet).[4] The western Pacific has many peripheral seas.

Though the peoples of Asia and Oceania have traveled the Pacific Ocean since prehistoric times, the
eastern Pacific was first sighted by Europeans in the early 16th century when Spanish explorer Vasco
Núñez de Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Panama in 1513 and discovered the great "southern sea" which
he named Mar del Sur (in Spanish). The ocean's current name was coined by Portuguese explorer
Ferdinand Magellan during the Spanish circumnavigation of the world in 1521, as he encountered
favorable winds on reaching the ocean. He called it Mar Pacífico, which in both Portuguese and Spanish
means "peaceful sea".[5]