Emergency contraception with Multiload Cu-375 SL IUD: a multicenter clinical trial

Contraception, Volume 64, Issue 2, August 2001, Pages 107-112Zhou Liying, and Xiao
Bilian.

Abstract: The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the efficacy and side effects
and the benefits and limitations of inserting Multiload intrauterine device (IUD) for emergency
contraception. A total of 1013 women requesting emergency contraception was recruited,
among whom 843 were parous women and 170 nulliparous women. Multiload Cu-375 SL IUD
was inserted within 120 h after unprotected intercourse. A urine test for pregnancy was
performed before IUD insertion to rule out pregnancy. Participants were followed-up until 1
week after the expected day of the next menstruation. Pregnancy test or ultrasound scanning
were performed if menstruation did not return. Efficacy of preventing unplanned pregnancy
was calculated. Efficacy and side effects were compared between the parous and nulliparous
groups. The results showed that there were two pregnancies, one in each group. The
pregnancy rate was 0.2 per 100 women. The efficacy rate of preventing unwanted pregnancy
in the parous group was 98.1% and in the nulliparous group 92.4%. The difference was not
significant. Removal of IUD because of pain and bleeding was 2.5% in parous women, but
was more in the nulliparous group (10.6%). After the return of menstruation, 95.7% of parous
women and 80% of nulliparous women maintained the IUD for contraception. There were two
complete expulsions and three partial expulsions of the IUD, but there was no significant
changes in menstruation and bleeding pattern, nor was infection or trauma observed. It was
concluded that IUD insertion is a safe and effective method for emergency contraception for
both parous and nulliparous women. One of the advantages of using an IUD is its long-term
contraceptive effect, if the women prefer to continue its use.

A comparative randomized study of three different IUDs in nulliparous Mexican women

Contraception, Volume 67, Issue 4, April 2003, Pages 273-276J. B. Otero-Flores, F. J.
Guerrero-Carreño, and L. A. Vázquez-Estrada.

Abstract: With the aim to evaluate the clinical performance of intrauterine devices (IUDs)
especially designed for nulliparous women (TCu 380 Nul and ML Cu 375 sl), a prospective
randomized, single-blind study comparing them with standard TCu 380 A, was carried out.
We included 1170 healthy nulliparous women randomly allocated to receive any of the three
types of IUDs and conducted follow-up for 1 year of use. Continuation and termination rates
were evaluated by gross cumulative life table analysis and compared by the log-rank test.
Continuation rates (95% confidence interval) at the end of the study for TCu 380 A, TCu 380
Nul and ML Cu 375 sl were 29.5% (±12.9), 85.9% (±5.3) and 85.4% (±5.8), respectively (p <
0.001). There were six pregnancies during the first 3 months of use, for a failure rate of 1%
(±0.6) in the TCu 380 A group, 0.5% (±0.3) in TCu 380 Nul, and no pregnancy in ML Cu 375
sl (p < 0.05). Especially designed IUDs for nulliparous women had a better clinical profile
compared with the standard IUD. This may improve the use of IUD in this population.