Lab 1: MSSQL

1. Introduction
There is a famous axiom that “better data means better decisions”. No matter a person is in
which business the success of the organization depends on accurate and timely information.
Lets
first discuss that,
 What is data?
  Why you need data?
 Where: is data reside?
 Who: data belongs to?
 How: is it a worthwhile data?

Example
Assistant normally checks you have sufficient credit left to make the purchase. This can be
done on the telephone or may be done automatically by a card reader linked to a computer
system.
There is a database somewhere that contains information about the purchases you have made
on your credit card.
To check your credit there is a database application program that uses your credit card number
to check that the price of the goods you wish to buy together with the sum of the purchases you
have already made this billing period is within your credit limit.

2. Activity Time boxing

Table 1: Activity Time Boxing
Task No. Activity Name Activity time Total Time
1 Lab Manual Lecture 20 min
2 Examples 5 min
3 Walkthrough Tasks 10 min
4 Practice Tasks 60 min
5 Tasks Evaluation 10-20 min

10
 3. Lab Manual Lecture [Expected time = 30 minutes]

4. Concept Map
 Introduction to Database
 DBMS
 Installation and running

4.1. What is a Database?

A database is a separate application that stores a collection of data. Each database has one or more
distinct APIs for creating, accessing, managing, searching and replicating the data it holds.

4.2. What is DBMS?

Database Management System (also known as DBMS) is a software for storing and retrieving
users' data by considering appropriate security measures. It allows users to create their own
databases as per their requirement.
It consists of a group of programs which manipulate the database and provide an interface
between the databases. It includes the user of the database and other application programs.
The DBMS accepts the request for data from an application and instructs the operating system to
provide the specific data. In large systems, a DBMS helps users and other third-party software to
store and retrieve data.
Some other DBMS examples include:
 MySQL
 SQL Server
 Oracle
 dBASE
 FoxPro
4.3 Applications of DBMS

Sector Use of DBMS

Banking For customer information,

account activities, payments,
deposits, loans, etc.

Airlines For reservations and

schedule information.
 Universities For student information,
course registrations, colleges
and grades.

Telecommunication It helps to keep call records,

monthly bills, maintaining
balances, etc.

Finance For storing information

about stock, sales, and
purchases of financial
instruments like stocks and
bonds.

Sales Use for storing customer,

product & sales information.

Manufacturing It is used for the

management of supply chain
and for tracking production
of items. Inventories status
in warehouses.

HR Management For information about

employees, salaries, payroll,
deduction, generation of
paychecks, etc.

4.3 Advantages of DBMS

 DBMS offers a variety of techniques to store & retrieve data
 DBMS serves as an efficient handler to balance the needs of multiple applications using
the same data
 Uniform administration procedures for data
 Application programmers never exposed to details of data representation and storage.
 A DBMS uses various powerful functions to store and retrieve data efficiently.
 Offers Data Integrity and Security
4.4. Disadvantage of DBMS

DBMS may offer plenty of advantages but, it has certain flaws-

 Cost of Hardware and Software of a DBMS is quite high which increases the budget of
your organization.
 Most database management systems are often complex systems, so the training for users
to use the DBMS is required.
 In some organizations, all data is integrated into a single database which can be damaged
because of electric failure or database is corrupted on the storage media
 Use of the same program at a time by many users sometimes lead to the loss of some
data.
 DBMS can't perform sophisticated calculations
4.5. Installation Method
The installation methods are divided into Desktop Class and Server Class:
 Desktop Class—This installation class is most appropriate for laptop or desktop
computers. It includes a starter database and requires minimal configuration.
 Server Class—This installation class is for servers, such as you would find in a data
center, or used to support enterprise-level applications. Choose this installation class if
you need access to advanced configuration options.
During a Desktop Class installation, you make only basic choices. For a Server Class
installation, you choose either typical installation (where you make only basic choices) or
advanced installation.
During a Desktop Class or a typical installation, Oracle Database automatically installs the
sample schemas.
4.6. Installation Type
When you install Oracle Database during basic and advanced installations, you need answers
for the questions listed in this section. OUI provides default values for every choice.
 Enterprise Edition—This installation type is the full-featured Oracle Database product
that provides data management for enterprise-level applications. It is intended for
mission-critical, high-security online transaction processing (OLTP) and data
warehousing environments.
 Standard Edition—This installation type is suitable for workgroup or department-level
applications, and for small to medium-sized enterprises. It provides core relational
database management services and options and includes an integrated set of management
tools, replication, Web features, and facilities for building business-critical applications.
 Standard One Edition—This installation type is suitable for workgroup, department, or
web applications. It provides core relational database management services for single-
server environments or highly distributed branch environments. Oracle Standard Edition
One includes all the facilities necessary to build business-critical applications.
 Personal Edition (Microsoft Windows operating systems only)—This installation type
installs the same software as the Enterprise Edition, but supports only a single-user,
development and deployment environment.
Step 1 − Double-click the “SQLFULL_x86_ENU_Install.exe” or “SQLFULL_x64_ENU_Install.exe”, it
will extract the required files for installation in the“SQLFULL_x86_ENU” or “SQLFULL_x86_ENU”
folder respectively.
Step 2 − Click the “SQLFULL_x86_ENU” or “SQLFULL_x64_ENU_Install.exe” folder and
double-click “SETUP” application.
For understanding, here we have used SQLFULL_x64_ENU_Install.exe software.
Step 3− Once we click on 'setup' application, the following screen will open.

Step 4− Click Installation which is on the left side of the above screen.

Step 5 − Click the first option of the right side seen on the above screen. The following screen
will open.
Step 6 − Click OK and the following screen pops up.
Step 7 − Click Next to get the following screen.
Step 8 − Make sure to check the product key selection and click Next.
Step 9 − Select the checkbox to accept the license option and click Next.
Step 10 − Select SQL Server feature installation option and click Next.
Step 11− Select Database engine services checkbox and click Next.
Step 12 − Enter the named instance (here I used TestInstance) and click Next.
Step 13 − Click Next on the above screen and the following screen appears.
Step 14 − Select service account names and start-up types for the above listed services and click
Collation.
Step 15 − Make sure the correct collation selection is checked and click Next.
Step 16 − Make sure authentication mode selection and administrators are checked and click
Data Directories.
Step 17− Make sure to select the above directory locations and click Next. The following screen
appears.
Step 18 − Click Next on the above screen.
Step 19 − Click Next on the above screen to the get the following screen.
Step 20− Make sure to check the above selection correctly and click Install.
Installation is successful as shown in the above screen. Click Close to finish.