REGIONAL LAND RIGHT

ADVOCACY STRATEGY
For DCA, DCA Partners and CSOs Engagement for
Non-Violent Land Right and Right to Food Movement
Building

DanChurchAid, South Asia Regional Office

Ward No-2, Lalitpur Metropolitancity, GPO Box 4844
Jhamshikhel, Lalitpur, Kathmandu, Nepal

T: +977 1 50 13 550/505
Email: mail@dca.dk
 Table of Contents

Lists of Acronyms ....................................................................................................................................... 3

Draft Regional Land Right Advocacy Strategy........................................................................................... 4

1. Context and Background ..................................................................................................................... 5

2. The Major Regional Issues to be addressed ........................................................................................ 5
3. Rationale and Justification behind the Strategy .................................................................................. 6
4. Methods employed for devising the strategies .................................................................................... 6
5. Theory of Change (ToC) and ToC Pathways (Vision, Goal, and Objective) ..................................... 8
6. Pathways of Change at different levels of engagement..................................................................... 13
7. Indicative Land Right Themes and Issues ......................................................................................... 17
8. Brief Elaboration of Strategies .......................................................................................................... 18
9. Risks and Assumptions ..................................................................................................................... 18
10. Innovations and Out-scaling and up-scaling ................................................................................... 19
11. Synergies within DCA and with Larger CSOs ................................................................................ 20
12. Monitoring and Reporting ............................................................................................................... 20
13. Annexes ........................................................................................................................................... 21
Annex 1: Roadmap and Reflection Note Sketched by Ekta Parishad/MGSA................................... 21
Annex 2: JAI JAGAT 2020 initiated by Ekta Parishad ..................................................................... 25
Annex 4: Data and Evidences from DCA Partners and Larger CSOs.............................................. 28
Annex 5: Stocktaking (compiling works) of land right and food security within DCA and DCA
Partners .............................................................................................................................................. 35
Annex 6: ToC Pathways (Diagrammatic) ......................................................................................... 42

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 Lists of Acronyms
BLAST Bangladesh Legal Aid and Services Trust
BOMSA Bangladeshi Ovhibashi Mohila Sramik Association
CBO Community Based Organisation
CFS Committee on World Food Security
CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research
COLARP Consortium for Land Research and Policy Dialogue
CPRs Climate Change Adaptation
CSO Civil Society Organisation
CSRC Community Self Reliance Centre
CSR Corporate Social Responsibility
DCA DanChurchAid
DSK Dusthya Sasthya Kendra
DWO Dalit Welfare Organisation
FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation
FAYA Forum for Awareness and Youth Activity
FIAN Food First Information and action Network
FIVDB Friends In Village Development Bangladesh
HQ Headquarter
ICAARD International conference on agrarian Reform and Rural Development
ICESCR International Convention on Economic Social and Cultural Rights
LCGDER Local Consultative Group on Disaster and Emergency Response
LWF Lutheran World Federation
MGSA Mahatma Gandhi Seva Ashram
NAG Network Activities Group
NNDSWO Nepal National Dalit Social Welfare Organisatiom
NU Nagorik Udhyog
RAM Resource Allocation Model
RDRS Rangpur Dinajpur Rural Service
RLSFS Resilient Livelihoods and Sustainable Food security
RtF-N Right to Food network
SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
SAPA South Asia Peace Alliance
SARF South Asia Right to Food Conference
SDG Sustainable Development Goal
ToC Theory of Change
ToR Terms of Reference
UNCTAD United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), the UN Conference on Trade and
Development
VGGT Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure

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 Draft Regional Land Right Advocacy Strategy
The Regional Land Right Advocacy Strategy attempts to understand and discuss the past and current
DCA works of land right and food security issues for devising engagement plan of DCA partners and
larger CSOs for collective advocacy as well as enhancing momentum on land right and right to food
movement at regional levels. The strategy also aims to set the strategic direction for DCA global
advocacy and strategy on right to food, land rights and responsible investment, active citizenship and
accountable governance. It is also the strategic document which aims to guide and operationalize DCA
and its partners and larger CSOs advocacy and campaigning actions at regional, national and local levels.

The strategy links to DCA’s three global goals, especially the goals to build resilient communities and
fight extreme inequality, by promoting accountability of governments, EU and the private sector in the
areas of land rights and responsible business. It also builds on DCA’s past advocacy work on right to
food, land rights, partners engagement in this area. Using a Theory of Change (TOC) approach, it
identifies CSOs’ role in contributing to areas of change.

There are also synergies with DCA’s work related to right to food, land rights and responsible
investment, active citizenship and accountable governance, fundraising, campaigning, media, and
relations work.

Furthermore, it includes different aspects such as, types of activities, achievement, key learning,
partners’ thoughts and ideas, and land right issues to be addressed and types of engagement in future. It
will be the valid basis for informed understanding on land right/food security situation, issues as well as
devising advocacy strategies to move further.

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1. Context and Background

South-Asian land reform issue is complex, sensitive and chronic. It is well rooted in an agrarian society
i.e. social structure, power relation and social relation at grass root levels. It is due to a number of
reasons: i) it is well connected with livelihood issues to a larger number of rural poor and rural poverty,
ii) historically skewed land distribution (the question of privileged and non-privileged), iii) agrarian
social formation, social relation and power relation in context to land distribution, iv) emotional and
symbolic value and an issue of social status and dignity, v) basis for property rights, property relation
and ongoing advanced development.

It is also a fact that South Asia has in all 4.77 million sq. km. of land, (World Bank 2008) and 2.62
million sq. km or about 55 per cent of this area is agricultural land. Arable land constituted 41.9 per cent
of total area (FAO 2010). The arable land available per person in South Asia was calculated to be 0.1
hectares. Smallholder agriculture is also predominant.

Land is a principal source of livelihood in the rural belt of South Asia and millions of rural dwellers
(around 70 per cent) depend on land-be it for agriculture, forests, common pastures or coastal land for
food security. Access to land is instrumental for majority of people to participate in economic growth. It
is important for sustainable agriculture, poverty reduction, diversified livelihood, preservation of culture
ending exploitation

About three-quarters of the total population in the region live in the rural areas, they are characterized by
endemic poverty, hunger and malnutrition, ill-health, vulnerability to natural disasters, and so on. Rural
Poverty Report 2011, confirmed that 500 million poor people live in rural belts of South Asia. Similarly,
the recent Rural Development Report 2016: Rural Transformation rightly pointed out the inclusive rural
transformation is one of the promising ways for inclusive economic growth as mentioned in SDG (2016-
30).

Moreover, the Global land grabbing and large scale investment is rapidly ongoing to feed the rapidly
growing population. In this context, the powerful narrative of “feeding the world’s nine billion people in
2050” is considered big business for some investors, while at the same time an imminent threat to the
livelihoods of the world’s poorest. The large-scale investments in agricultural monoculture promoted by
investors are often far from being people-centered, agro-ecological and sustainable from a smallholder
perspective, and often overlook the potential of agro-ecologic production, as documented by
international organisations such as the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), the UN
Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the Consultative Group on International
Agricultural Research (CGIAR). Studies by the UN organisation on Food and Agriculture (FAO) and
Committee on World Food Security (CFS) have found that addressing the role of smallholders is key, if
agricultural investments are to promote the right to food and sustainable development. Smallholders can
be drivers for change, as they constitute 75 per cent of the rural poor and supply 70 per cent of overall
food production.

2. The Major Regional Issues to be addressed

The regional level land right issues identified and advocated by CSOs are briefly listed and elaborated as
follows: i) Historical injustice and inequity, ii) Persistent inequality, iii) Structural rural poverty, iv)
Aagricultural production and productivity issues-land fragmentation, consolidation, land management, v)
Land administration and service delivery, vi) Land conservation and development, viii) Redistributive
5
justice, ix) Land conflict resolution issues and approaches/measure to address, x) Women’s land right
and gender justice, xi) Tenure security of indigenous people and marginalised communities, xii)
Ccompensation and restitution issues etc (all are well listed in annex….).

3. Rationale and Justification behind the Strategy

In this background, it is high time to think, reflect on various facets of land reform and it requires
devising an appropriate and pragmatic land governance framework and peopling centric approach. Land
right and governance issues are the multi-dimensional aspects to cover in this regard. These are briefly
explained below:

Land is the key to the social, economic and political empowerment and development of an individual
and households in an agrarian and rural society. It is due to fact that highly skewed and inequitable
distribution of land and productive assets inhibits the democratic access to land and associated
opportunities for their active participation in social, economic and political spheres of society.

Enhancing access of the rural poor to productive resources is crucial to address the desperate situation
associated with landlessness: A major factor of rural poverty is landlessness and limited access to land.
The extent of landlessness is very high in South Asian countries like India (22 per cent), and Bangladesh
(49.6 per cent). In addition, landlessness is increasing over time in these countries. Most of landless in
rural areas are poor and work as agricultural wage labourers. Marginal farmers and tenants are found
everywhere in the sub-region but they predominate in countries like Bangladesh, India, Nepal and
Pakistan.

In many parts of South Asia, the rural poor rely heavily for their livelihood on common property
resources (CPRs) available through open-access systems. Examples include irrigation water, forests,
rangelands, fisheries, wildlife and flora. In recent years, there has been an increasing trend towards
devolution of control over natural resources from central governments to local communities. Devolution
has emphasized the protection of resources to be used by all, rather than poverty reduction through
securing of livelihoods for the poor. A second problem with CPRs is that they are usually open to any
and every one, without regulation or restrictions. As a result, many rangelands, water bodies and forests
are heavily degraded or sub-optimally used due to lack of or improper investment—either in
infrastructure or yield enhancement.

The Oxbow Lakes Small-Scale Fishermen Project in Bangladesh and the Hills Leasehold Forestry and
Forage Development Project in Nepal, are examples of successful redistribution of community assets to
coalitions of the poor. The project in Nepal selects the marginalised sections of the community, families
below the poverty line, women and deprived minority ethnic or tribal people, and form them into groups
that are then given a 40-year lease of designated forests - which often amounts to a lease for life.

It was found that targeting marginal groups would not produce positive results unless the agreement of
the whole community was secured. These leases were given based on the community land used by both
the richer and the poorer farmers. Considerable time was spent persuading first the officials and then the
rest of the community – in particular the village leaders – that the project would benefit everyone.

4. Methods employed for devising the strategies

DCA partners are well engaged in land right and Right to Food issues to varying degree and intensities at
regional levels. Based on the engagements on these issues, DCA has planned to consolidate and reflect
the interventions and leanings to move further.

6
Accordingly, through utilizing the pioneer works on land rights of Ekta Parishad/MGSA in regional
capacity, an attempt was made in Nepal on People SAARC Assembly 2014. With active backstopping
of Ekta Parishad/MGSA in 2014, active mobilization of CSOs like National Network for Right to Food
(RtF-N), FIAN Nepal, NNDSWO, FAYA Nepal, DWO, LWF-Nepal, CSRS, COLARP, RHMS etc, this
intervention started from Nepal during People SAARC 2014 event from November 13-25, 2014. During
this, all South-Asian people and concerned organisations from civil society came together and discussed
on Land Rights and Right to Food issues from grassroots levels to national level. Ultimately, this
regional gathering enabled all the partners and alliance members to bring momentum on land right and
right to food movement at regional level. (Please sees report of People SAARC Assembly 2014 for
detail). And, regional training to youth and right to food leaders on land right and non-violent movement
building was organized by Ekta Parishad in Gwaliwar in 2014 for imparting skill, knowledge and
attitude of partners’ staffs and farmers for enhancing Right to Food and Land Right movement building
at national and grass root levels.

Considering the above issues, all DCA partners in Bangladesh (NU, Steps, BLAST, FIVDB, WRB,
BOMSA, DSK and RDRS), Ekta Parishad/MGSA, and India, NAG, Myanmar and DCA Regional office
staffs met and discussed together during DCA Annual Partners Meeting in Nepal on 8th April 2015. The
major decisions made during the meeting are as follows: i) Most of them agreed to produce their own
country specific position paper based on rapid assessment on Land Rights issue in Bangladesh, Nepal,
India, and Myanmar as well as South Asia level, ii) DCA partners Ekta Parishad/MGSA from India will
discuss on South Asia paper and Bangladesh partners will present Bangladesh context, iii) Like minded
organisations working on Land Right issues in Bangladesh should be invited in the dialogue session for
their input and for refining the position of the paper for strategic engagement, iv) A meeting will be held
on 2nd June 2015 in Dhaka on Land Rights Issue just after the SARF Conference, and v) A ToR needs to
be developed for the dialogue session.

Accordingly, Regional Land Right Dialogue 2015 and South Asia Right to Food Conference (SARF
2015) held in Dhaka also provided an informed land right perspective of Bangladesh DCA partners and
CSOs. It discussed on Land Right Issues, Challenges as well as engagement plan at Regional level in
general and country specific aspects of Bangladesh, Nepal, Myanmar, and India in particular (See event
report for detail).

After understanding, perspectives of partners and in-depth discussion on Land Right Issues, an
assessment of DCA and DCA partners works on Land Right and Right to Food to reflect our position in
terms of intervention, achievement and learning. It will prepare real ground to sketch the theory of
change on Land Right and Right to Food and an informed understanding and intervention.

Through mobilizing DCA’s partners, the quick assessment to understand Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar
and India on Right to Food, Land Rights and associated social equity related issues was conducted.
Those collected information was compiled and analyzed.

Review of Global, Regional and National Strategies was extensively done to understand DCA’s priority,
interest and learning of past interventions. These strategies were taken as reference document and key
aspects were incorporated to prepare the Draft Land Right Advocacy Strategy.

During the cross-country exposure visit of farmers from Nepal, Bangladesh and India from November
21-30, 2016 to understand India’s Right to Food, Land Rights and Non-violent Movement building, a
draft on land right advocacy strategy was presented and discussed for its further refinement and
improvement. An intensive discussion was held in Gwaliwar, MGSA office, India.

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With feedback, comments from exposure visit and intensive discussion with Nepal, India and
Bangladesh partners/farmers as well as comments from peer review, the draft advocacy strategies are
further revised and refined to produce the final regional land right advocacy strategies. It will be shared
with in all countries (Nepal, Bangladesh, India and Myanmar) for its final validation.

5. Theory of Change (ToC) and ToC Pathways (Vision, Goal, and Objective)
Following the rigorous process and methodologies especially active engagement of CSOs and partners,
ToC has been well stated below:

Vision: Institutionalizing land reforms for enhancing Right to Food through enhanced access to land to
the excluded group in South Asia (India, Nepal and Bangladesh including Myanmar) at Regional,
National and Local levels.

Goal: Build alliances and networks at Regional level that strengthen the capacity of communities in
South Asia (India, Nepal and Bangladesh including Myanmar) who are engaged in struggles for land-
rights to formulate & implement pro-poor policies and laws through enabling strengthened the resource
governance and effective response at Regional, National and Local levels.

Objective: By 2021, landless, land poor, smallholders & poor increased access to land and land based
resources and services (productive assets) to enjoy their socio-economic and political rights through
enabling strengthened resource governance at Regional, National and Local levels.

Long term changes to which we hope to contribute

• Landless, land poor and small holders are better organized and able to voice their concerns,
influence policies etc. for effective implementation.

• Target communities especially landless, land poor, small holders, and marginalised communities
are able to claim and enjoy their socio-economic and political rights in general and Right to Land
and Right to Food in particular through equitable distribution of land resources and respective
benefits.

• Government (state) including international communities can fulfill their obligations on Right to
Land and Right to Food for all as well as enact pro-poor policies and laws to prevent violation of
their rights (including land rights).

• Alliance and networks are better mobilized and strengthened at Regional Level for regional
cooperation and solidarity for collective advocacy and campaigning at all levels.

• Secure and equitable rights to land, property and natural resources are guaranteed through the well
defined tenure security and inclusive resource governance for inclusive rural transformation,
thereby contributing inclusive economic growth (promoting a conducive environment for inclusive
economic growth).

• In context of Domestic (state) and Global (foreign) land grabbing, state and global communities
will respect and promote accountable and pro-poor land governance (land rights and responsible
investments) for realizing Right to Food.

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ToC Pathways:

The Theory of Change envisions that equitable and democratic access to land and land based resources
(productive assets) for realizing socio-political, economic and political rights of landless, land poor,
small holders, and marginalised communities through the strengthened resource governance at Regional,
National, Sub-national and Local levels.

Realizing the visions means that marginalised communities rights are claimed, realized and productive
resource and assets are distributed, shared and utilized equitably. It would contribute towards enhancing
socio-economic and political resiliency of marginalised communities.

Building popular alliances and networks at all levels intend to strengthen the capacity of communities in
South Asia (India, Nepal and Bangladesh including Myanmar) who are engaged in struggles for land-
rights to formulate & implement pro-poor policies and laws through enabling strengthened governance
and effective response at the grassroots level so that landless, land poor, smallholders & poor increased
their access to land and land based resources and services (productive assets) to enjoy their socio-
economic and political rights through enabling strengthened governance at the grassroots level.

Through the effective and popular mobilization of alliance and networks of small holders, land poor,
socially excluded or marginalised groups and communities, these networks and groups must be
empowered to participate in decision-making and accountable resource governance so they can fight
effectively for their own interests and priorities. Civil society groups can play an important supporting
role in this empowerment by facilitating discussions within the communities to identify concerns,
perspectives and priorities; by amplifying these voices; by sharing information and engaging
collaboratively to support community members’ agendas; by providing models of participatory
leadership and decision-making; by working together with communities to hold accountable institutions
and agencies; and by working with community members to develop more equitable and inclusive social,
economic and political processes and outcomes at different levels i.e. International/Regional,
National/Sub-national and Local levels.

9
 Demonstrating &
Piloting
Innovative Ideas
Solidarity and
Cooperation at
Regional/Nation Social
al/Sub- Empowerment &
national/Local mobilizing
Community Land marginalised Land Right & Non-
Levels
Tenure and Public community violent movement
Land building

Participatory/Allia Strengthening Equitable access to

nce Building, Land Right Land based
Networking & Governance at resources & Social
Regional / Justice
mobilization for
robust comparison National/ Local
Level
Foreign & Pro- poor Policy
Domestic Land reform and law
Grab and reform
Inclusive Economic
Responsible Land growth
Investment
Evidence based
Up and out
Policy scaling of
Advocacy innovation

Figure 1: Improving South Asian Land Right Movement and Governance at Regional, National and
Local Level

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Figure 1 presents a brief scenario and the thematic areas of improving regional land rights and
governance. These thematic areas are equitable access to land resources and social justice; social
empowerment and mobilisation of marginalised communities, pro-poor policy reform and law making,
participatory alliance building, networking and mobilisation for robust campaign, participatory alliance
building and mobilisation, foreign and domestic land grab and responsible investment, inclusive
economic growth etc. They have mutual interaction and relationship among each other. For boosting the
functional and smooth relationship, the following strategies are needed, viz solidarity and cooperation at
regional, national, sub-national and local levels, up-scaling and out-scaling of innovation, demonstrating
and piloting innovative ideas, evidence based advocacy and campaign etc.

Following the vision of success and change especially strategic ways to contribute (see diagram), we
have developed change pathways. It includes the pattern and sequence of change at regional, national,
sub-national (federal/divisional), and local levels.

11
Diagram of Different Level of Engagements

• Domestication of international instrumentations: ICESCR, FAO VGGT

• Proper implementation of Shadow Report, Universal Periodic Review (UPR) to UN
and Parliamentary Committees
• Peasant Declaration (inceptions)
• SDG: 17 goals, 169 & results (1) End Extreme Poverty & (2) Fight Inequality &
Regional Injustice
Level • Regional Campaign for RtF and land rights for solidarity and cooperation through
exchanges and cross-learning across the countries
• Institutionalization of Regional Level RtF & Land Right Networks
• Up-scaling and out-scaling of land rights and non-violent movement building (best
practices)

• National level CSOs campaign on RtF, Land rights, & Non-violent movement
building
• Evidence based policy advocacy (Reviewing the existing policies and plans, law
making & effective implementation)
• Pro-poor policy reform and law making in line with inclusive constitutional
National
provisions
Level • Action policy research and documentation
• Initiating affirmative action for pro-poor agrarian reforms for progressive realization
• Political dialogue with political actors for pro-reform political conditions (inter and
intra-political dialogue)
• Inter-ministrial coordination among allied ministries (e.g. VGGT Chautari).
• Piloting and demonstrating innovations and their disseminations

• Networking and alliance building among relevant and concerned agencies

• Supporting the formation and strengthening of CBOs working in the livelihoods, food
Sub security and rights to food by capacitating them.
national • Expanding networking, alliance building, and establishing functional relationship
Level from national to local levels (bridging gaps and mutual/reciprocal relationship among
relevant agencies.
• Evidence based debate and dialogue on policy and contentious issues at
federal/divisional levels
• Disseminating the best practices
•• Media
Designing and strengthening
mobilization community-based
focusing on mass awarenessadvocacy and campaigning.
and campaigning
•• Cross-fertilization
Form, organize andofstrengthen
knowledgegroups, networks, alliances etc.
• Facilitate and encourage these groups and networks in conducting social audits, budget
monitoring and public-hearing for accountability of local governance
Community • Understanding and addressing the due concerns of youth migration by creating
Level economic opportunities
• Collaboration with link minded and similar networks, alliances and social movement for
solidarity
• Advocacy efforts and campaigning on rights to food and land rights
• Capacity building of excluded groups and networks for their rights
• Mainstream food security and livelihoods into local processes

• Build the capacity of individual land right, right to food and farmers right activists
12
• Enhance the critical understanding on on land rights, right to food, non-violent movement
Individual building for robust campaigning
Level
• Link individuals to community level groups, networks, social movements.
6. Pathways of Change at different levels of engagement
International/Regional Level

We will facilitate partners and CSOs to comply and domesticate international human rights and
progressive international instruments and guidelines to respect, protect, and fulfill the promises and
obligations mentioned in the instruments.

Some progressive international instruments (human rights based) like Voluntary guidelines on Right to
Food, International conference on Agrarian Reform and Rural Development (ICAARD) guidelines,
guidelines on governance of land tenure fishery and forestry and guidelines on securing small scale
agriculture are in place. Similarly, progressive documents on climate change negotiations, seed
negotiations, negotiation on Responsible Investment in Agriculture are emerging with active
participation of global civil society. It is important that we make communities aware of these guidelines
and we urge our governments to fulfil their promises as made in these guidelines.

As a part of it, it includes the following aspects:

Regional cooperation and solidarity: Building alliances and networks across the countries would
promote and exchange the cross-learning and sharing for larger regional cooperation and solidarity.

Land grabbing and responsible investments: In case of rapid ongoing foreign and domestic land grab,
issues of land poor, small holders and other marginalised communities should be at center for promoting
the responsible investment.

Land rights and non-violent movement building: With well demonstrated exemplary works on land
rights through mobilizing poor people and non-violent movement building, CSOs will be encouraged to
employ non-violence (peaceful means) to tackle structural issues and underlying causes of violations of
Right to Food and Land Rights.

Peasant Declaration (Inceptions): We will encourage, support and facilitate CSOs to be engaged in
promulgation of draft declaration for addressing the true concerns and issues of landless, land poor and
marginalised communities.

CFS and VGGT guideline: Following FAO-VGGT guideline, CSOs and partners will be encouraged to
improve state governance of land tenure and recognize specific ways to prevent land grabbing. It also
intends to improve and promote pro-poor and progress realization of Right to Food in context to national
food security. It will also provide as reference for piloting the concepts and innovative ideas for piloting
the pro-poor resource governance.

Regional Campaign on RtF food and land rights: With institutional architect at regional level, CSOs will
meet and discuss together for identifying and prioritizing their issues in democratic way for making
regional entity like SAARC and national states authority for raising concerns of target groups.

Institutionalizing Regional level RtF food and land rights networks: We will facilitate, encourage, and
support CSOs to organize, strengthen and institutionalize regional Right to Food and Land Right
networks to carry land right issues at regional levels (through the exchange and cross learning).

Up-scaling and Out-scaling land rights and non-violent movement building (best practices): Exemplary
works done on land rights and non-violent movement building by Ekta Parishad can be extended to
neighboring countries to Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, and Myanmar. It would promote the
peaceful means for addressing the structural issues and non-violent economy.
13
At National level,

We will facilitate partners and larger CSOs to encourage in pro-poor policy reform and law making and
informed advocacy in accordance with national and international provisions and commitment on the one
hand. These CSOs and networks will also be engaged in designing and implementing evidence based
Land Rights and RtF campaign at national level on the other hand.

As a part of it, the following aspects will be taken into considerations:

Evidence based policy advocacy: These networks collect, document and analyse evidence for informed
analysis and these are utilized for evidence based debate and dialogue.

National level CSOs campaign (land rights and RtF): CSOs build alliance and networks based on issues
and move together for collective advocacy and campaign on Land Rights and Right to Food for the
progressive realizations.

Action Research and Documentations: With the help of strategic partners (policy think tank), partners
will undertake action research for documenting advocacy issues scientifically for informed analysis in
participatory manner with national advocacy partners and CSOs working at sub-national and grassroots
levels.

Political Dialogue among political parties: CSOs will facilitate for undertaking inter and intra-party
political dialogue for enhancing common understanding (reducing differences) for pushing agendas
through the political entities.

Inter-ministerial coordination among allied ministries: We will encourage, facilitate and support for
strengthening inter-ministerial coordination committee among allied ministries to support each other to
reduce intersectoral differences and cooperate each other for effective implementation of poor people’s
concerns.

Piloting and Disseminating Best practices: Based on innovative ideas generated from various
engagement at different levels, selected CSOs will be engaged for piloting innovation, developing
confidence and disseminating ideas.

Sub-national level

We will facilitate the CSOs for alliance building, expanding networks and establishing functional
relationship and bridging the gaps from national to local levels for disseminating national level policy
decisions and messages through the various means (e.g. debate, dialogue, declarations).

As a part of it, the following actions are undertaken:

• Networking and alliance building among relevant and concerned agencies.

• Supporting the formation and strengthening of CBOs working in the Livelihood, Food Security and
Rights to Food by capacitating them.
• Expanding network, alliance building, and establishing functional relationship from national to local
levels (bridging gaps and mutual/reciprocal relationship among relevant agencies.
• Evidence based debate and dialogue on policy and contentious issues at federal/divisional levels

14
At Community levels,

We will facilitate partners and CSOs to organize and mobilise target groups to engage in community
based advocacy and campaigning through capacity building, motivating for action oriented activities.

As a part of this,

• Designing and strengthening community-based advocacy and campaigning.

• Form, organize and strengthen groups, networks, alliances etc.
• Facilitate and encourage these groups and networks in conducting social audits, budget monitoring and
public-hearing for accountability of local governance.
• Understanding and addressing the due concerns of youth migration by creating economic
opportunities.
• Collaboration with like-minded and similar networks, alliances and social movement for solidarity.
• Advocacy efforts and campaigning on Rights to Food and Land Rights.
• Capacity building of excluded groups and networks for their rights.
• Mainstream food security and livelihoods into local processes.

At Individual level,

CSOs are engaged in capacity building of individuals for understanding and prioritizing issues for their
critical engagement and thus it will facilitate in linking with community, groups, networks and social
movements.

As a part of this,

• Build the capacity of individual land right, right to food and farmers right activists.
• Enhance the critical understanding on land rights, right to food, non-violent movement building for
robust campaigning.
• Link individuals to community level groups, networks, social movements.

As a whole, based on country specific context analysis in participatory ways, the following pertinent
issues perceived by partners and CSOs are tabulated for further advocacy. Some of them are equitable
access to land/productive assets and social justice, reformist approaches and measures for production
enhancement (agricultural productivity for economic growth), land governance and administration etc. It
requires the regional level platforms for land access creation for more active, robust and vibrant
campaign, including cross-border advocacy campaigns, exposure programs among partners, and
trainings and linkages etc. It emphasizes the following aspects: i) Understanding people’s struggle for
Land Rights and Food Security in South Asia (People’s Action and Power) ; ii) Analyzing land policies
and identifying area for advocacy; iii) Building solidarity network across countries; iv)Stronger land
alliance for Land Right and Right to Food movement and social movements at regional level; v)
Community Land Rights and Public Land Issues; vi) promoting Land Rights and Non-violent Movement
building; vii) Mass mobilization of rural poor, landless, small holders from below; viii) Evidence based
policy dialogue, legal reform, paralegal issues; ix) Livelihood and Food Security related interventions
15
 are the reformist measures & alternative to redistributive reform (in notion of Agrarian Reform); x)
Community Land Rights and Public Land Issues (beyond agricultural land); and xi) Domestic and
Foreign land grabbing.

Table 1: Major Thematic Areas of Land Right Issues at regional and National Levels
Nepal Bangladesh Myanmar India

i) Empowering people
(about rights and
responsibilities and enable
them to participate in
decision making and
implementation- Land
Right from Below
ii) Mapping and recording
the uses and claims of land
in order to protect
community
iii) Digitizing land records
and make land information
accessible, iv) Fixing
ceilings for land ownership
and acquisition, v)
Decentralization of land
governance including
management, administration
and conflict resolution,
Land Court and Farmers
Court/ land tribunal
iv) Comprehensive Land
Policy
i) The distribution of Khas
land among the poor and
landless;
ii) the limited land rights of
the religious and ethnic
minorities,
iii) women’s access to land
iv) Poor fisher-folk’s access
to Khas (public land)
v) Out of 12.1 million
sharecroppers less than one
percent have legal documents, v) community land rights,
vi) widespread land grabbing
victims and domestic land
acquisition
v) Land reform initiative as
the unfinished business
i) Land right (Land tenure security of i)Organizing people for land rights
marginalised, indigenous people and and non-violent movement
women),
ii) Growing land acquisition
/grabbing by multi-national
companies,
iii) Small farm issues (service
delivery/access to loan),
iv) Decentralized land governance
agricultural extension services and
rural development services,
vi) Policy issues-Land Use Policy
formulations
building
ii) Promote the community based
land tenure and effective
implementation of forest right etc.
(FRA)
iii) Policy advocacy and campaign
for enactment of Draft Land
Reform Bill
iv) Promote non-violent economy
for addressing structural causes of
violence in land rights movements
v) Understanding people and their
engagement on land rights and
right to food campaigns.
vi) Land grabbing and land
investments in context to current
land acquisition (Urban land
grabbing-triggered by unplanned
urbanization, rental of urban land,
repeal of urban (ceiling and
regulation) act, inequitable land
use policies (triggering lack of
space for urban poor in cities and
towns), rampant real estate
speculation etc.)

(Source: Compiled from Partners Own Identification and Prioritization and Other Various Sources)

Regional level Capacity Building Cadre of 1000 Peace Activist for Nonviolent Social Action

Utilizing the concepts and missions of South Asia Peace Alliance (SAPA) (i.e. Strengthening the
capacity of common people at the community level to handle conflict in nonviolent ways, bringing
change in their lives through the tools of mobilization and advocacy leading to sustainable peace),
community people and youth would be capacitated for productive engagement in Land Right and Right
to Food campaigns. It emphasizes on building a movement in South Asia that shares insights and
experiences on the root causes of structural violence in the region; ii) acting in cooperation with the
region’s marginalised people to nurture the seeds of active nonviolence that challenge the structures of
violence; iii) building the capacity of young women and men to facilitate nonviolent change by

16
empowering local communities; and iv) working with other nonviolent actors to contribute towards the
development of a global nonviolence movement.

As a whole, an attempt has been made to build South Asia/Asia regional capacity through coordinated
training programme, which provides training for building cadre of 1000 peace activist for Nonviolent
Social Action for generating action and process oriented South-Asian Perspectives.

Table 2: Asia Level Regional Training Cadre of 100 Peace Activists for National Social Action

Strengthening the Capacity of Community for Building Cadre of 1000 Peace Activist for Nonviolent
Social Action 2017-21
Country level Trainers to be Peace activists to be
Country Districts
trained by trainers trained
Pakistan 113 12 1130
Nepal 75 8 750
Bangladesh 64 7 640
Sri Lanka 25 3 250
India 675 70 6750
Myanmar 17 3 170
ASIAN COUNTRIES 10 31 7 310
Total 1000 110 10000

From this plan and mission, about 10000 people will be trained at the Regional Level. Four Regional
level training program will be held, two in India and one each in Nepal and Bangladesh.

7. Indicative Land Right Themes and Issues

• Policies and practices for securing and improving access to land by the poor and promoting
agrarian reform to alleviate poverty and hunger.

This theme would address issues such as: a) access for whom (i.e. landless laborers, vulnerable groups,
such as women and elderly, indigenous peoples, pastoralists, small and marginal farmers, etc.), b) access
to what type of resources in different socio-economic and agro-ecological contexts (i.e. physical
resources, financial resources, education/training, social resources; the meaning of land as a
multidimensional asset, etc.); c) the nature of access (i.e. how to secure tenure rights; how to develop
flexible, self-maintaining systems; how to support mutually supportive relationships between formal and
informal property rights systems; how to foster socially, economically, and environmentally appropriate
territorial development; the role of governments, communities, markets, and others in these processes,
etc.)

• Best practices on enhancing access to land/land rights and non-violent movement building for
socio-economic rights of rural poor and marginalised groups from grassroots to
national/regional levels.

The theme would address issues such as: a) capacity of governments at Central, Regional and Local
levels, to design and implement improved pro-poor policy, practices, services and improving the
17
relationship between Local and Central levels, and fostering trust, and social legitimacy; b)
capacity/empowerment of the rural communities to contribute to government policies and private sector
services, to respond to trends, to determine their own solutions, to protect the rights of the more
marginalised groups, and to develop partnerships and other mechanisms that capitalize upon existing
human, natural, cultural, financial, and territorial resources, contributions of family farming to equitable
economic growth,

As this dialogue intends to contribute to non-violent land right movement buildings, it is process
oriented approaches and proposed outputs and regular follow-up should be done to realize the socio-
economic right by land poor through the land right movement from below.

The process outputs would include the following:

i. A lasting platform of understanding, learning and dialogue on Agrarian Reform and Rural
Development, and Rural Poverty issues, facilitated by Ekta Parishad/MGSA at Regional level.

ii. A range of best policies and practices and lessons learned on Agrarian Reform and Rural
Development agreed upon by member governments, civil society organisations and other stakeholders to
promote priority actions, partnerships and international cooperation in support of more equitable,
transparent and accountable access to land, and land based other natural resources, and rural support
services.

The outputs of the strategy mentioned above would feed into the following processes:

- The strategy would be expected to contribute the ongoing land and agricultural related policy
formulation processes through sharing country specific learning and experiences at national level

-It would also be expected to contribute to VGGT-Voluntary Guideline and RtF Guideline led by FAO
processes through the awareness raising and initiating country–level dialogue on issues and activities
specific to improving governance of tenure of land, fisheries and forestry as well as ensuring progressive
realizing of right to food.

-At the end, it is also expected to contribute to ongoing non-violent land right movement building
through building and strengthening alliances and networks at different levels (Regional-National-Local
Alliance Building).

8. Brief Elaboration of Strategies

The strategies of land rights are as follows: i) Non-violent action and movement building, ii) Mass
mobilization of grassroots poor from below, iii) Active engagement of reformist actors, iv) Pro-poor and
multi faceted state’s policy and strategies: one size does not fit for all and differentiated policies and
interventions, v) Collaboration and Networking with social movements for synergy, vi) Evidence based
policy debate and dialogue, vii) Pro-poor and inclusive growth development strategies.

9. Risks and Assumptions

Despite desperate situation as mentioned above, land right is still a very sensitive issue to work with, and
requires due consideration from DCA to preserve the personnel security of its partner representatives,
while maintaining a sharp profile. As a result, it is too difficult or not legal for DCA to focus on
18
countries engagement in advocacy, including in Bangladesh, Myanmar etc., even though land issues are
at the core of the poverty and inequality problems.

Since land issue is political and structural, it requires an in-depth analysis, holistic and integrated
approach to deal with it in democratic and transparent approach.

However, some of the challenges are:

• Structural reform is the difficult tasks
• Political reform vs technical reform
• High risks and sensitive issues
• Changing paradigm (shift) and priority changes

Along with these challenges, the following are assumptions identified for this advocacy strategy.
• Communities willingness to participate in the campaign
• Community based debate & dialogue
• Robust coalition and alliance building
• Population Alliance Mobilisation
• Regional and National Solidarity

10. Innovations and Out-scaling and up-scaling

Innovation is always done for up-scaling and out-scaling. It focuses on bringing changes at community
and policy level i.e. Up-scaling and out-scaling. However, bringing change at policy level is always not
enough unless we bring change at community level. Therefore, the process of innovation and
output/outcome innovation will be followed in our efforts/projects in order to bring changes at local/
community level and to replicate that positive change in other community as well.

While reviewing India’s land rights movement, some unique features were found relevant for up-scaling
and out-scaling of India’s land right movements. They are: i) Bhoodan Movement has been associated
with Vinobha Bhave, an Indian eminent social activist, in 1951 when he announced the goal of
collecting 50 million acres of land for the land poor. By 1961, only 872,000 acres of Bhoodan lands had
been distributed. ii) Success of land reform in Kerala and West Bengal. The history of modern India is
filled with the land struggles of the poor and dispossessed: from the peasant revolts of Avadh during
1919-1922 which resulted in the organisation of independent kisan sabhas, to the 1967 Naxalbari
movement of West Bengal. Relative success of land reform measures in West Bengal and Kerala
among the 15 states where they were implemented, iii) Non-violent movement building and land rights,
The Ekta Parishad has been the leading movement for land rights in India for last 25 years, iv) Forest
Right Act (FRA)-grants the land to poor-radical reform; and v) National Food Security Bill 2013 and
Social Protection Schemes to Urban poor (evidence based policy dialogue, legal reform and paralegal
issues).

Projects developed together with DCA’s Learning Lab enabled higher visibility and global reach to
partners and networks. Link to DCA Youth Network’s campaign on food waste was explored around
World Food Day activities, and DCA partner representation at one of the events gave good value to the
campaign.

19
11. Synergies within DCA and with Larger CSOs
For synergies, the following points will be taken into considerations:

Promoting and facilitating stronger links between programmes and global advocacy is a resource-
demanding but necessary exercise. The direct links were very few in 2014. For these links to happen
there is a perquisite for having up-to-date knowledge on relevant processes and strong alliances that can
contribute, where DCA’s limited resources cannot add up. It also requires deliberate efforts of DCA HQ
advisor, programme staffs in DCA focus countries, and preferably directly to selected strategic partners.

Synergies between DCA’s advocacy themes of active citizenship/enabling space and right to food/land
rights, humanitarian assistance are evident and are being explored in the country-programming phase.
Lack of access to and control over land is one of the structural causes to non-active citizenship, freedom
of assembly, and mobilization.

Links between food security, climate change and disaster-risk reduction are strong and can complement
each other to a higher degree.

Capacity building of RtF partners is needed and key to promote advocacy, including links to DCA’s
global advocacy work. Offices need concrete processes to relate and link up. Focus on training shifted
towards more hands-on experience to the use of both national and international advocacy

Moreover, regional offices have their own advocacy strategies in place, often with a weak focus on right
to food/land rights as advocacy is often seen under active citizenship and accountable governance.

12. Monitoring and Reporting

Regional Program Officer (or assigned professional) engaged for different TOC pathways are
responsible for monitoring and continuous adjustments of the TOC. Two annual status meeting, in
relation to global reporting (May-June) and to the yearly work planning process (August-October) will
be held with those advisors responsible for different TOC pathways.

DCA will measure its TOC up against the Danida Resource Allocation Model (RAM) Standards. The
advocacy strategy should be reviewed in 2018.

TOC pathways will be monitored continuously by the program team. Key risks and assumptions shall be
annually reviewed, verified and revised. Monitoring documentation will be archived and reflected in
International Report. Regular assessments of processes related to the TOCs, will be made within the
relevant networks and alliances. Two annual status meetings, in relation to reporting in May and annual
planning in September will be held by the Team, with a possibility to revise budgets, activity plans and
TOCs. The strategy will also be reviewed in 2019.

20
13. Annexes
(People SAARC Assembly and CSOs engagement, Regional Land Right Training and Youth-Exposure, SARF
2015 and Regional Land Right Dialogue Report, and Template used to gather the information on DCA partners and
CSOs interventions)

Annex 1: Roadmap and Reflection Note Sketched by Ekta Parishad/MGSA

(Pre, During and Post People SAARC-2014: South Asians Coming Together –Making Difference)
SOUTH ASIA PROCESS JAN TO JUNE 2015
Local-regional-global alliance building:
Build alliances and networks at regional level that strengthen the capacity of communities in South
Asia (India, Nepal and Bangladesh) who are engaged in struggles for land-rights to formulate pro-
poor policies and laws regarding land reforms, food security, natural resource management and
disaster risk reduction through enabling strengthened governance and effective response at the
grassroots level.
MGSA Strategy to Build Alliance
In the year 2014 MGSA worked out following broad strategy to build Alliance.
Alliance building is a process. We see followings steps as major Milestones to Achieve it.
i. Connecting with each other
a. We need to build connection with DCA partners through series of interaction at all available
platforms.
ii. Developing Perspective And Seeing Connectivity Building Partnership
a. To work or support on the land issue requires DCA partners develop an understanding &
perspective.
b. This will be done through engaging them in dialogue, sharing of study and research work,
participation in the meetings consultations, training programme sharing of useful documents, e-
newsletters etc.
c. Along with it, meeting and interacting with some of them at the field level will also help them to
find its connectivity to the issues that they are working and strategize their role.
d. While developing perspective on Land might take time but Nonviolence is one such value where
all the DCA partners can connect. (Ekta Parishad and South Asia Peace Alliance organize
programmes from time to time which DCA partners can take advantage)
e. Developing perspective on Land and seeing land as cross cutting issue will help us building
partnerships. This will be important milestone in our work.
iii. Identify possible interventions &Showing Solidarity
a. There are series of local, national, international interventions possible by participating in the
programme at all levels. Interventions can be designed and shared.
b. Only actions make alliance work. Showing solidarity can only make difference. (Eg.Global
Campaign Jai Jagat 2020. International Initiatives and others are planning programmes, which can be
shared with others and seek their involvement.)

The Report
If we look at the progress made towards alliance building, visit to Nepal in Nov 2014 and Bangladesh
in May-June 2014 made some advancement. There has been fair progress in meeting the First two
strategy points. i.e Connecting with each other and Developing Perspective and Seeing Connectivity
Building Partnership.

21
 Both Nepal Visit in Nov 2014 and training programme towards end of the year organised in Sahabad,
Kota, India. This generated enthusiasm and hope for the moving forward. Youth from Nepal
participated and had developed their plans.

DCA Partners Met in Nepal April 2015

Dr.Ransingh Parmar represented MGSA at the Partners meet in Nepal. On the sidelines of the
meeting there were nonformal consultation on moving forward on the regional issues.
In the notes sent by Purna Nepali he referred to the meeting on 8th April 2015 at Dhulikhel Lodge
Resort, Kathmandu, Nepal regarding Land Rights issue in Bangladesh and South Asia.
Main decision of the meeting is below:
-Most of them are agreed to share land rights issue in Bangladesh and South Asia
- A meeting will be held on 2nd June 2015 in Dhaka on Land Rights Issue just after the SARF
conference.
-DCA partners EKATA Perished from India will discuss on South Asia paper and Bangladesh
partners will present Bangladesh context.
-Most of the organisation who are involved with Land Right issue in Bangladesh should be invited in
the sharing session

BANGLADESH VISIT MAY 30 TO JUNE 3, 2015

South Asia Right to Food Conference in Bangladesh became focal point for dialogue on various
issues around Food and occasion for meetings and interaction to strengthen the partnership.

May 30 - JUNE 2 South Asia Right to Food Conference 2015 (Main Event)
Y 31 Views Exchange: Meeting; Land Rights Movements: Bangladesh, India and Nepal Perspective
June 2: Rights and Responsibility Collective meeting
June 3: Mapping of Right to Food, State Food Provisioning and Social Protection in Countries of
South Asia

KEY QUESTIONS
My visit to Bangladesh has opened up our communication with various stakeholders. In the four
types of gathering that I had interaction has thrown some light on the issues related to Land Rights,
Right to Food, and Social Movements.
On the Issue of Land Rights and Movement Building in Bangladesh, Listening, observing gave rise to
several critical questions:
• Why Land Rights advocacy has not achieved desired results?
• How to deal with the sense of security threat and fear in NGOs working on Right Based Approach?
• The growing belief that Right Based Approach leads violence? Is violence inevitable while
confronting or resisting or seeking rights?
• Does South Asia civil society need to rethinking Right Based Approach or revisiting it?
• Time to revisit the way RBA is being implemented with a fresh perspective? Is there any need to
add Value to the RBA by promoting active nonviolence?
We all need to reflect at above questions and see how to address it.

Tapping DCA Potentiality in Bangladesh

• DCA partners have significant presence in Bangladesh. They have already a network of
Community based organisations like Self help groups, Co-operatives etc. among partner organisation.
How it could be tapped?

22
For example, RDRS, BANGLADESH. The location of the project is Northern Bangladesh. The
RDRS annual report 2013 has interesting data. “At present there are 375 Union Federations with
319,800 members who each represents a family of 5 on average, giving us a client base of over 1.5
million people. As almost 70 per cent of the membership are female, we ensure women have the
confidence and solidarity needed to challenge negative gender-based practices in the home or by
employers, schools, government officials and even within the Federation.
We also have 11,100 Adibasi members, from the many indigenous communities across our working
area, making the Federations one of the most inclusive organisations in the country.” (RDRS Annual
report)
Other information from the Annual Report:
• The 364 Youth Forums focus on creating social awareness and encouraging young people to
become involved in the development process to make a positive difference to their lives.
• A total of 3328 Women Leaders Received Training on Leadership Development during the period
2009-13
• A total of 120,729 Youth Mobilization Through School/Collage Students Orientation
• A total of 411,188 Mass Mobilization Through Peoples Theatre, Rural Cinema and Public Hearing

Number of Federations:
• Federations Women Forums -364
• Federations Farmers Forums -87
• Federation grain stores -87
• Federations social service centres -235
• Federation information centres -50
• Federations library -255
• Federation members representing in Local govt. and other social structures 5,521

The Final Evaluation Report (FER)of the Empowering the Poor through Federations project,
Implemented by RDRS Bangladesh, co‐funded by the European Commission & DCA, FCA, CoS,
NCA) By Ferdous Jahan, Abu Ahasan, Md. Mamun‐Ur‐Rashid, Omar Faruque Siddiki, January 2012
has some interesting finding on the Federations and how important are these achievements. FER has
suggested linkage approach to make this federation more effective.
Another example. DCA partners have project on “Strengthening Community based Organisations for
Pro-poor Democratic Governance (SCOPE)”. It has a good scope for revival of the spirit of
movement building. The aim of this new project is to strengthen the links between Federations and
local authorities, creating regular interaction to improve participation by the grassroots and encourage
greater accountability by the councils’ officials and representatives. It will challenge the root causes
of poverty and lead to changes in unprogressive systems. Finally, mass awareness-raising events will
widen the discussion and lead to sustainable positive action against poverty.

How SCOPE can be used for a space for broadening the movement?

Other Key Observations

• Socio-political environment has made a deep impact on diluting the land reform agenda.
• History of land rights movement in Bangladesh and the issue of land rights needs careful
assessment of ground realities to developing deeper understanding on movement building.
• Among the presentations made during various sessions there were various insights that were
shared by people who were part of the land rights issue. Wisdom of older generation needs to be
deliberated sincerely and learning taken forward.
• Political climate need to assessed and how pro democracy process can be strengthened.
23
 • Socio-Cultural interaction camps and integration of youth in the nation building process and
building the leadership for bottom.
• Reflection on strengthening grass root advocacy will be helpful.
• Series of training programme nonviolence movement building and slowly and steadily build
cadre based movement.
• De-linking NGOs process of development and Movement building. Challenge is developing
it independently and still have synergy between them.
‘Rights & Responsibilities Collective (RRC) towards Sustainable Societies'
South Asia Peace Alliance (SAPA) was invited for this meeting. SAPA has been promoting this
network in India. ‘Rights & Responsibilities Collective (RRC) towards Sustainable Societies’
organised by the partner of South Asia Peace Alliance. (Report Attached)
Ekta Parishad also participated in the meetings for building South Asia network on Right To Food
Conclusion
We are dealing with issues of structural violence, Land & Livelihood and Governance. While
dealing with these issues we need to look at the critical questions that we have raised.
Is it time of rethinking Right Based Approach or revisiting it? We need more sharing of experiences
with case studies and have deliberation on it.
The Final Evaluation Report (FER) January 2012 has some interesting finding based on the case
study on LAND RIGHTS issue...it says...WAITING FOR RIGHT TIME!!!
But till that Right time comes, we must move forward by working on alternatives approaches,
build our capacity and understanding. FER has suggested linkage approach to move forward.
Land based economy/Solidarity economy/Nonviolent economy are the concepts that needs to be
understood and integrate in our projects and programmes. That will lead to sustainability. The post
2015 we are moving towards Sustainable development goals. We all should mobilize our resources
for our goals otherwise all talks will remain on paper.
South Asia solidarity is needed to strengthen the alliance. Development with Justice can be
overarching theme that can help us mobilizing community. Jai Jagat 2020 campaign can infuse some
spirit in our work.
South Asia will be youngest region by 2020. Designing programe for youth leadership and
organizing at the regional and country level. We need series of leadership and exposure
programme for youth.
Ekta Parishad can offer resource persons for training and help in the process of organizing training
and exposure programme.
South Asia is struggling to live with democracy. Bangladesh has rich cultural heritage. Culture can
bring people and community together. Kniting South Asia requires strengthening of its cultural
practices. What programmes can be designed? This theme along with development of youth
leadership can be discussed with the other network like Rights and Responsibilities Collective. (See
the report of the network meeting)
Existing projects and programme needs “Interface Design approach” An approach where you are
using your resources optimally by making changes in the design of the project/programme that leads
to attainment of goals (Alliance building or leadership programme etc) without making additional
investment. RDS projects, SCOPE programme has that potential.
Bangladesh: It has potential of Building a movement by mobilizing the poor at the grassroot by
forming a larger umbrella People organisation in Bangladesh.
In the new year, 2015.The news of budgetary cut severely brought constraints. But still we have
pursued and above developments gives us an optimist view of possibility. We need invest more into
processes. Will we live up to the expectations that people of South Asia aspire?

Vijay Bharatiya, Aug 2015

24
Annex 2: JAI JAGAT 2020 initiated by Ekta Parishad
JAI JAGAT 2020
A Global Movement for Achieving Development with Ethics and Justice
On the basis of our learning from previous campaigns such as the Jan Chetavani yatra in 2006, the Jan
Adesh march in 2007 and Jan Sathyagraha in 2012, Ekta Parishad is now positioned to launch a new
campaign called Jai Jagat 2020. You may take note that in previous campaigns we used the adage Jan,
meaning ‘people’, and this is because we focused on marginalised people. In the 2020 campaign, we are
broadening to Jagat, meaning all people in the world. This does not mean that the work of Ekta Parishad
alters its direction from changing its focus away from the lives of poor people. We continue to organize
marginalised communities for their control over land and natural resources, as a way to fight poverty. At
the same time, we realize that this problem is not limited to India alone and that people from almost
every country across the world are experiencing similar challenges. Market driven globalization is
depriving millions of people from their land and accessing resources. People are being dispossessed and
forced into cities and slums. This means that we need to work at a global as well as at the grassroots
level to bring about real change.
Jai Jagat actually means VICTORY OF THE WORLD. That is very close to the concept of Sarvodaya
(‘well being of all’) that was given by Mahatma Gandhi. The underlying principle is that, if there is a
victory then it should be the victory of our common humanity not the victory of one nation over another.
The victory should also be based on the victory of living commodiously together, and of people
coexisting with nature. If the victory is for everyone and for everything, then this is the best. A modern
world needs to imbibe these new values, the values of Jai Jagat and Gandhi’s notion of Sarvodaya.
We are aware that the above terms and terminologies are drawn from the Hindi language and are
generally confined to India, but we believe that these words are very relevant in a global campaign.
What is being proposed, as the forthcoming global action, is that no one country or group of people can
bring about genuine change.
Over All Goal: Scaling Up Nonviolent Campaign
Three Component Parts:
• Harmonizing Development
• Expanding Ethics
• Deepening Justice
The increasingly destructive trends need to be counteracted by local and global action that is coordinated
and done simultaneously. Such a large-scale effort needs to challenge and sensitize global organisations
and global players. While a very strong component of Ekta Parishad’s actions will be in India responding
to the local problems, we are very keen to work with as many organisations as possible at every country
level and at the global level in order to advance the survival agenda of nature and people on the planet.
In relation to Jai Jagat2020, some action plans are already in the pipeline. These have emerged through
various discussions and we are still open and willing to incorporate new ideas and new programs in order
to gain wider participation.
The following are the proposed actions that are being considered:
1. Youth training in non-violent action will be a major component of this campaign. This is an
opportunity to train and sensitize as many young people as possible in the coming years. In India there
have been widespread alliance building with many other organisations. The plan is to reach out to more
than hundred thousand young men and women. South Asia has around 970 districts and we plan to train
at least 10 youth leaders from each district. We desire to raise voice of peace through training 10,000
25
activists at the grassroot in South Asia. There are 660 districts in India, we are planning to organize
youth and work camps in every district. These camps will provide the opportunity for young people to
discuss, to understand issues and also to make action plans that challenge deprivation and alienation of
land and resources from the poor non-violently.
2. We also plan to involve collaborative partnership with civil society groups in various other
continents and countries. Friends in Ekta Parishad have been involved in youth training programs in
Brazil, Colombia, Nicaragua, Peru, Senegal, France, Germany, Belgium, Switzerland, England, Spain as
well as in Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bangladesh. We have been most willing to share our limited skills and
capacities with those who are looking for such skill training to work more effectively among young
people. We have also provided exposure and training to many who have come to India from various
parts of the globe to learn from our way of working among the marginalised groups. We believe in
alliance building and networking with all like-minded people and groups.
3. One such international youth program was held in the month of September 2014, in which about 30
young social leaders from 15 countries participated. This program organized in India gave people
exposure to building social actions nonviolently.
In 2015, there is are many such training opportunity. From 15 to 17 there is training in Bihar and youth
would join for Padayatra from Feb 18 to 28. From March 15 to 25, 2015 there will be padayatra from
Agra to Delhi, for demanding passing of homestead Bill and March 26-27 debriefing workshop.
4. Women Leadership Camp: In 2016 a similar program is being designed for women leaders who
may visit India to see how grassroots women leaders have could transform their lives through their own
efforts. Again, this visit will be through the Indian villages and the visitors will travel and interact with
grassroots women leaders for a period of two weeks. This travel will culminate in to a women leadership
camp and a conference by women.
5. International conference on Non-violent Economy: In 2018 we are planning to organize an
international conference on Non-violent Economy. You may be aware that in some parts of the globe,
this alternative economy is called ‘social economy’, ‘solidarity economy’, etc. In India. we call it
nonviolent economy. These economic relations encourage and promote a development model based on
self-reliance, reciprocity and more fair exchange, and counter the current violent and dominant economy.
The challenge will be to create a non-violent economy while continuing with non-violent social change
through struggle.
6. Delhi To Geneva March: In this note we are only providing an initial action calendar in India. We
are sure other timelines will emerge from different organisations in other parts of the world. In order to
link all these actions to a global process, a group of 100 friends (an international team) will march from
Delhi Rajghat (the resting place of Mahatma Gandhi), to Geneva or the United Nations HQ. The UN was
established in order to uphold the human values, dignity as well as human rights of every individual.
This is time for ordinary people to remind citizens in different parts of the world that we need inclusive
and equitable relationships. This is the time for people to walk, talk and sing in the reshaping a world in
which the diversity of people and nature can be maintained. This march will take nearly 15 months and
this is the time for all partners to organize small and big marches in their own cities, countries or in the
regions to march for a new world order.
7. The entire campaign of Jai Jagat 2020 is built around the notion that “our world can be different if we
are not indifferent”. Another important notion is that “in a world torn between silence and violence we
need to come together to introduce the culture of active nonviolence”.
Please note this is the initial draft that is in circulation. Please visit www.ektaparishad.com for further
details or write to landreform@ektaparishad.com

26
Annex 3: International standards linking with Land Rights and Right to Food

The following selected international standards seek to promote states’ and investors’ respect for land
rights as a precondition for achieving the Right to Food:

Int’l standard: Duty bearers’ roles (states & businesses): Monitored by:
Right to Food in UN The right to adequate food is a binding obligation on states UN Committee on
Covenant on which have signed up to the CESCR treaty. States have the Economic, Social
Economic, Social & obligation to respect, protect and fulfill this right, including and Cultural Rights
Cultural Rights the obligation to regulate private actors and create enabling & Special
market conditions to realize the right to food for all. Rapporteur on
Right to Food
VGGT: Voluntary The VGGT represent the internationally agreed framework Committee on
Guidelines on on land rights, seeking to improve states’ governance of land World Food
responsible land tenure, and recognizing specific safeguards to prevent land Security (CFS) &
tenure grabbing such as the principle of free, prior and informed FAO
consent (FPIC).
UNGP: UN Guiding The UNGP outline the minimum standards on responsible UN Human Rights
Principles on business, including the state duty to protect from business Council (incl. UN
business and human violations; businesses’ corporate responsibility to prevent, Working Group on
rights address and mitigate negative human rights impacts; and UNGPs & UN
access to remedy for alleged victims. Forum on Business
and HR)
RAI: Principles for The RAI principles were adopted by the CFS in 2014, CFS
Responsible aiming to guide investors in responsible agricultural FAO
Agricultural investments, from the starting point of a rights-based IFAD
Investments approach to promoting global food security.
SDGs: Sustainable SDG Goal No. 2 aims to “end hunger, achieve food security UN General
Development Goals and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable Assembly
agriculture” by 2030. The SDGs represent an advocacy
opportunity for holding states and the private sector
accountable to tackling root causes to hunger, e.g. through
monitoring of national action plans, in with other relevant
standards.
Peasant Declaration
(Draft)
(Source: DCA Global advocacy strategies and compilation from other sources)

27
 Annex 4: Data and Evidences from DCA Partners and Larger CSOs

Content/Country Nepal Bangladesh India Myanmar Region (as a Remarks

whole)
1. 1. Brief situations Land right is the chronic Average land size 43 % HHs absolute Landlessness is also a big South Asia has
2. (Rural poverty, land issues since 1951. Land 0.3 ha, landless owning less than problem. Landless in all 4.77
ownership etc.) to tiller is main political Landlessness 0.2 ha land. About 50% households in the million sq. km.
slogan raised to mobilize households 56% HHs owning below 0.5 ha Myanmar lowlands of land, (World
the peasants. (owning less than land. About 87% schedule Range from 35 to 53 Bank 2008) and
0.19 ha), 12.1 castes/65% scheduled percent of the rural 2.62 million sq.
About 25 % HHs are million tribes are small and population. km or about 55
landless. About one- sharecroppers. marginal tribes. 64 % Landlessness and land per cent of this
thirds are agriculturally schedule castes and 36% tenure security is often area is
landless. Average scheduled tribes are worse. agricultural
landholding size is 0.5 agricultural laborers. land. Arable
ha. Proportion of marginal land constituted
holdings increased in all 41.9 per cent of
the states. total area (FAO
2010)

The arable land

available per
person in South
Asia is 0.1 ha.

2. Land rights Issues Centralized land Access to and Forest Act: No recognition Tenure insecurity of Historically
addressed governance, distribution of of land rights and marginalised people, inequitable land
landlessness, Khas land, displacement of thousands ethnic minority and other distribution,
of occupants. vulnerable groups (clarity Feudal land
Abolition of collective Access to and on how land is held, used ownership and
rights/IPs, distribution of Corporate/contract as well as who can hold institutions,
non-agricultural farming: Promotion of what kinds of rights) Persistent rural
Absentee land ownership land in urban contract farming as poverty,
(fallow land) territory (muscle promoted by National Community land rights: historical
man/elite nexus) Agricultural Policy: different categories of trajectories of
Domestic land grabbing Threatening the food community land, shared marginalised
by real estate Steep increase of security of Indian farmers land, management right of people and
28

Bonded labor and
agricultural laborer
Women’s access to land
and entitlement
Land use planning and
rapidly growing plotting
Need of Integrated and
Holistic Land Policy
3.Interventions, achievement Interventions from
and learning government:
Several laws have been
enacted since 1916,
including the Land
Reform Acts of 1964,
and several Five-Year
Plans have components
on agrarian reform. So
far, only 1.5 percent land
was distributed in 1964
and tiny portion of land
through the squatter
commission, Ex-
Kamaiya rehabilitation
programme
Still, distribution of land
rights is
landlessness especially landless and ethnic nationalities Indigenous
small farmers. people,
Land conversion Corporate
into non- Special economic zones: IPs, land grabbing by interest,
agricultural Land acquisition for military people during industrialization
purpose due to industrial development and military regime and , displacement.
unplanned displacement of tribal displacement of local
development communities and rural communities Inequitable
communities. access to land,
Commercializatio Issues of small holders agricultural
n of agriculture Existing land reform bill (their access to land, intensification,
and forestry and policy production, incentives and commoditizatio
(environmental local governance) n, corporate
problems) interest, land
Land use planning at acquisition by
Absentee land different levels domestic actors
ownership (rent (community driven land
seeking behavior) use plan with local need
and interests and greater
Rural-urban ownership)
migration
Interventions Nationally, the majority of Food Security Working
from government: workforce is directly Group and Land Core
Agrarian reform related to agriculture in Working Group are very
of Khas (state) some way. Thus, land active and engaged on
lands, vested, and access and agrarian reform diverse ranges of issues
Communal remain key issues. Each on food security, small
lands. state has its own land holders, community land
Though policies; only some have rights, paralegal issue,
government experienced AR success. and active citizenship
developed, it is -In Uttar Pradesh, land participation.
not being fully reform is rarely
implemented. implemented. Many cases -Consider explicitly
go to court system, e.g., adding objectives to the
Learning: illegal manipulation of Policy that promote the
Reasons behind land papers, land grabs, tenure security of women
non- problems in cadaster and and marginalised
implementation of measuring land area. groups/Include a how
existing laws and -In Andhra Pradesh, 70% land may be held and
29
highly skewed; policies lack of used in Myanmar, as well
addressing this political will. irrigated land is owned by as who can hold
challenge is critical for just
resolving Widespread 5% of the population. - Explicitly include
national and local phenomenon is Distribution to landless is community land rights as
conflict (e.g. decades illegal occupation made difficult because of enforceable land rights,
violent Maoist conflict, of Khas land, elite lack of documentation and whether documented or
several others boundary, capture, and demarcation; not in line with FAO
property conflict and harassment by lands that are distributed VGGT
grievances) land grabber. are
marginal, and unproductive -Initiate land use planning
Learning: -No recognition of in processes at the
Laws to improve land IPs and hill origin the state’s arid climate. community, village or
access were never fully people by state. -In southern Indian states, ward level. It should be
implemented, or did not socio- economic power based on local interest and
result in changing -There are some structures and agro- needs of local people.
distribution of rights, success for equal ecological challenges
e.g., via land right between combine to marginalised
1964 Land Reform Act husband and poor
only 1.5% of people wife/joint land farmers; family enterprise
resettled were genuinely ownership to based on sustainable
landless. redistributed land agriculture model
- Land ceiling records (but slow) has taken land
have not been updated; rehabilitation as basis for
informal tenancy limits reviving local livelihood.
ability
of tillers to document Learning:
their claims. Rights of Dalits and tribal
-Only Land Reform communities are still
Commissions were unresolved; this challenge
formed/reformed was is related to broader social
established mandate to structure and social change
review land ceiling, but process. Women’s rights
its report was never to land are also an
implemented. important policy area that
needs to be addressed
-72% of court cases further.
involve land – the Focus of NGO work tends
presence of conflict to be land development
30
related to land and after land acquisition;
resources is very high, Successful initiatives in
and has fueled sustainable agriculture
broader national conflict exists and are documented.
and armed movements. There is active
-Mass movements, e.g., implementation and
Kamaiya (bonded promotion of sustainable
laborers) and agriculture technologies
mobilization of rural (vermi composting, use of
peoples have increased beneficial insects, light
the leverage of landless traps, seed production,
and land-poor and give etc); as well as
encouragement and hope rehabilitation of marginal
for success. lands, including in dry
lands areas.
These can be linked more
closely with efforts to
increase land access, to
improve livelihoods post-
acquisition.

There have been efforts to

employ
Participatory community
processes to develop land
acquired through access-to-
land
programs of the
government.
Land literacy and land
rehabilitation campaigns
are being linked to state
efforts to computerize
updates of land records, to
increase accessibility of
cadaster information to
farmers and landless. This
is particularly
needed in cases where land
31
 rights are in dispute.
While the state-level plays
a leading role in land and
agrarian policy, there are
also an
overlap with both local
institutions and the
federal bureaucracy and
policies; thus, networks
that focus on state-level
reform must also make
efforts to link both to
grassroots organisations
and national policy
campaign.

4. DCA partners Occasional land right Awareness raising Historical underlying root -Intervene on food
and right to food on land right, causes of historical security land issues-
awareness raising, CBOs injustice and inequity, non- agricultural production
advocacy, organizing. engagement. violent movement building and productivity, capacity
Engaged in bonded Learning: in holistic perspective, building and awareness
laborer (Haliya, Landless people mass mobilization for raising issues
Kamaiya, Kamalari) are able to own common causes.
Khas land.
5. Recommended land right -Joint land ownership, -Joint land -Issues of Indigenous Tenure security, land
issues from partners Access to arable land for ownership, People, landlessness, grabbing by multi-
historically marginalised Access to Khas livelihood concerns of national companies and
people, tenure security of land, tenure small farm/holders displacement of
IP and hill/mountainous security of IP and marginalised and IPs,
people hill/mountainous paralegal issues on tenure
people security
Engagement
5.1 Short term engagement ? (to be done) ? (to be done) ? (to be done) ? (to be done)
5.2 Long term engagement Need for civil society to Equitable to There is a need to form and -Continuous capacity
increase skills in Women (the law strengthen networks building of CSOs for
research and lobbying, of community-based on vibrant civil society for
peoples’ campaigns, and inheritance) groups, grassroots movement building
mobilize more NGOs to Need for movements and other
work on land issues advocacy and Voluntary Organisation at -Policy engagement and
32

Review national land
access
policies and strengthen
NGOs or CSOs involved
in land struggle, and
national and regional
networks of
organisations
campaigning for land
and agrarian reform
Identify fuller range of
policy
alternatives that could be
possible e.g., leasehold
model in forest areas
Review the state’s
international
commitments, e.g., via
World Food Summit,
regarding land access
Links between land
reform and peace
dialogue should be
established for either to
succeed
Strengthen Revive
popular campaign of
“land to the tiller”
lobbying, the local, national, and lobbying from civil
Research, international levels. society perspective
Mass mobilization Networks should also Research and evidence
for land access to bridge based policy advocacy.
poor, movements, e.g., agrarian
marginalised and reform,
hill origin IP
Dalit rights and women’s
Government rights, and link land reform
should recognize with access to water,
and respect the forests and other resources,
role of civil in order to increase
society visibility and impact of
organisations. Women’s rights in
particular needs to be
Increase the placed on national policy
government’s agenda.
compliance with
its own policy Use of multidimensional
commitments, approach in advocating and
e.g., distribution implementing land access
of khas land and programs.
water as is
included in PSRP. At the community level,
land access campaigns can
Promoting be linked to sustainable
community land agriculture, an area in
right for Chore which many successes
land for their exist (thus “DCA” can
optimal utilization also stand for “Integrating
to poor people Livelihood Concerns”).
These successful cases
Regional need to be documented and
platforms for publicized, and linked
land access should more closely to land rights
be created or campaigns.
become more
active, including Continue partnerships of
33
 cross-border DCA with other NGOs but
advocacy the partnership should be
campaigns, in framework of longer-
exposure term arrangements (e.g., 5-
programs among 7 years instead of 1-2
partners, trainings years), because of the long-
and linkages term nature of advocating
for change to land and
agrarian policies.

6. Strategies to be -Mass mobilization of -Research and -Holistic approach to build -Country -Non-
employed rural people and evidence non-violent land right working/thematic violence/land
marginalised generation movement building working groups right movement
communities from below (e.g. LWA) -Multi-prone -Alliance building and building
-Strengthening people -Dialogue and strategy/multi-sectoral collective advocacy. -Networking
based organisation (e.g. lobby approach -Evidence based and alliance
Village/District Land -Policy level -Deep conviction in non- debate/dialogue building with
Right Forum) debate, dialogue violence grassroots
-Engagement of political and advocacy. -Equity solidarity justice people
parties and inter-parties -Process oriented
dialogue for desired approach/begins with
political action grassroots levels
-RTI as a tool of struggle
and struggle is tools of
empowerment
-Connecting with one
another
-Leadership in solidarity of
people

34
Annex 5: Stocktaking (compiling works) of land right and food security within DCA and DCA Partners

Project name: Regional Food Security Governance Project

Partner Type: PT 1, PT3, PT5
DCA Partner: Nepal National Dalit Social Welfare Organisation
Country and District: Banke

This template attempts to compile past and current DCA works of land right and food security issues in tabular forms. It includes the different
aspects such as types of activities, achievement, key learning, partners’ thoughts and ideas, and land right issues, to be addressed and types of
engagement in future. It will be basis for informed understanding on land right/food security situation, issues as well as devising advocacy
strategies to move further.

Stocktaking (co mpiling works) of land right and food security within DCA
Types of Major issues Achievement Key Right to food Types of Future activities Remarks
interventions/acti addressed by /Results/Out learning issues to be (engagement) to address issues
vities (Year) past puts (Year) addressed in future identified/recommended
(Tick under DCA interventions (Reco mmendation Short term Long term
supported or Non from partners)
DCA supported)
DCA Non-DCA e.g. Joint land e.g. debate, dialogue, e.g. policy change
Support supported ownership
ed Mention
the Donor
i. Land right
Mohi (lease Became the • Made the draft • Network and • Be joint ownership on Local level networking Develop policies
holder)Dharna tracking line for of Mohi (lease organisation of land who those farmers and public hearing,
Campaign (22 days) land rights of holders) bill landless are consuming the land media dialogue etc
Non-DCA supported Mohi farmers from the farmers is the from long terms ago.
government major tools for
which is in the succeed
approval campaign.
process from
the cabinet.
Campaign for Became pressure • The • Pressure to the • Provision of Sukumbasi Interaction, dialogue, Develop policies
Sukumbasi to the government Sukumbasi state and Identity Card and pressure movement etc.
IdentityCard for this action farmers are Sukumbasi accordingly manage the
35
Non-DCA supported fighting for the commission land for their food
identity card from the grass security
and the govt is root level land
also pay right holders
attention on as well
this issue. alliance
building
Participation on RtF members trained on non- • Social • Such activist should be interaction and Develop guideline
International Youth Acknowledged on violence awareness, developed in all experience sharing for the movement of
Exposure and land right issues movement of network focused among RtF Farmers land rights issue
training on land- and non-violent land right issues building and VDCs/Municipalities Federation members,
rights and movement to and shared their media for social awareness political leaders and
nonviolent replicate on Nepal experience to engagement and alliance building to govt representation
movement building RtF Farmers for creation of get the land rights.
organized by Ekata Federation power and
Parisad of India members advocacy
DCA supported
Campaign and Sukumbasi • Collected the • Alliance • To be Provision of Interaction and dialogue Develop Sukumbasi
pressure to commission create data and building of Landowner Certificate among landless Solution
Sukumbasi the environment information of landless who peoples is living farmers, political Commission and
Commission and to take the landless people farmers and from long years ago. leaders and govt improve the policy
local govt information and by Sukumbasi local political stakeholders/commissio
stakeholders by data for land commision/VD leaders for ns
Naubasta Pitmari certificate Cs pressure to
settelements of Sukumbasi
Banke Commission
Non-DCA supported
ii. Food security
participation (RtF RtF member • RtF member • Highlight the • Mobility of such interaction and Improve the policy
member) on informed and shared her issues through activists on VDC level experience sharing for compulsory
People’s SAARC acknowledged on experience to media and RtF Farmers Federation among RtF Farmers participation of
Regional present rights to the project different to bring out mass Federation members, landless farmers on
Conference Ktm food situation of team and VDC conference for awareness and active political leaders and decision making
DCA supported south Asia's level RtF the pressure of participation for RtF govt representation bodies
countries through members about food security advocacy.
experience the country
sharing. level RtF
36
 issues and
interventions
Lease in land Landless and poor 170 farmers • To be orient • Public land should be Interaction and dialogue Improve the local
agriculture farming farmers Increased benefited and on business provided to the poor among farmers and policies.
(2011, FFP project) the month of food increased the benefit farmers as priority and local bodies for the
DCA supported sufficiency on month of food analysis with also local government access of farmers on
their daily food sufficiency basic farming should be made kinds public lands to rational
life. from the lease technology. of mechanism for this use of and food
hold farming • Public land is provision. sufficiency.
through suitable for the
production of lease hold
different farming for
vegetable and long term and
cereal crops by sustainable.
6 Hector lands.
Support of small Farmers get the Poor farmers • To Increase Irrigation facility Interaction and dialogue Improve the local
and micro irrigation opportunity of Increased the the linkage should be provided as among farmers and govt policies and
facilities irrigation for their agriculture with govt need and demand based local bodies as well implementation
(2011, FFP project) agriculture (cereal stakeholders of the poor farmers for local stakeholders for
DCA supported farming crops/vegetable for additional their agriculture the access of farmers on
) production fulfillment of production irrigation facility.
and became irrigation
food schemes.
availability. • To develop
the business
oriented
capacity for
sustainable
income
sources.uitable
for the lease
hold farming
for long term
and
sustainable.
Interaction and Poor farmers Most of the • To be orient Increase the Interaction/dialogue Improve the
linkage programs informed about poor farmers the farmers on participation and access among farmers and financial policies for
37
among farmers and the loaning got the loaning on MFIs and MFIs/Cooperatives the access of poor
MFIs/cooperatives process for their opportunity to process and cooperatives of farmers farmers
(FFP2011) agriculture participate on transaction
DCA supported production loaning process policies of
activities. for their MFIs
agriculture .
production.
Social Audit Concerned VDCs Poor farmers • To be linkage Orientation to farmers Interaction, dialogue Improve the local
(RSGP) presented about were informed among VDC about the VDCs and annual public policies for
DCA supported the 15% about the and RtF programs, planning hearing program increasing of
agriculture budget budget and they Farmers process and policies agriculture budget.
for the support of trying to grasp Federation for
agriculture that budget of follow
production every planning planning
year from process.
VDCs. • Interaction and
public hearing
program
should be
organized by
RtF Farmers
Federations.
Monitoring of social The local VDC level RtF • To be Increase the Interaction and dialogue Improve the local
inclusion status of stakeholders Members recognized the participation of poor among RtF member and policies and
vulnerable groups informed about became aware RtF members farmers on decision local level decision implementation
in local decision participation of on access and among local making bodies and making bodies.
making bodies vulnerable and control in local decision planning process for
(RFSGP) marginal groups decision making bodies grasp of local resources.
DCA supported on decision making as well do
making level. mechanism/bod interaction
ies. about
participation.

Name of Individual: Prem Bdr B.K.

Designation: Field Coordinator
Date:15 August 2015

38
 Regional Right to Food/Land Right Situation and Advocacy Issues and Strategies
• Project name: The Lutheran World Federation Nepal
Partner Type: PT 1, PT3, PT5
DCA Partner:
Country and District:
Stocktaking (compiling works) of land right and food security within DCA
Types of Major Achievement/Results/ Key learning Right to food issues Types of Future Remar
interventions/ac issues Outputs (Year) to be addressed in activities (engagement) s
tivities (Year) addressed future to address issues
(Tick under by past (Reco mmendation identified/recommende
DCA supported interventio from partners) d
or Non DCA ns Short term Long
supported) term
DCA Non-DCA e.g. Joint land ownership e.g. debate, e.g. policy
Supp supported dialogue, change
orted Mention
the Donor
i. Land right Rehabilitation • Freed Haliyas and • Initially (during peak movement • Continuous lobby and Local Evidence
(Not DCA program Kamaiyas have been period), the advocacy approach of advocacy for the freed initiation for based
Supported) rehabilitated with package rights holders organisations was HaKK friendly plan and the policy
receiving land worth. based upon a break through policy of government rehabilitation , advocacy
approach (ice –breaker) and (new constitution, public hearing,
reaching until now, the model has integrated bonded labor media
transformed into a soft tone act and freed Haliya dialogue etc
(Appreciative Enquiry) model. rehabilitation and
development fund
guideline).
ii. Food security Public budget • They have been acquired • Liberal (with expanded • Preparation of specific Mobilization Mass
(Not DCA Funded) tracking, public budget as a delimitation) and flexible support plan of freed HaKK of rights to awareness,
Meaningful consequence of systematic of funding agencies helps in groups/CBOs/Federation food activists, joint
participation claim. achieving desired outcomes during with the medium of Public advocacy,
of right • The meaningful the impact oriented budget advocacy and Expenditure monitoring
holders participation of freed implementation of evidence based timely submission to Tracking
Haliyas, Kamaiyas and policy advocacy. VDC/DDC/ministries and Survey,
Kamhlaris increased in other service delivery Gender and
different government and agencies. pro-poor
non government agencies. budget
analysis
39
Name of Individual: Hukum Bahadur Sarki
Designation: Social Development Officer
Date: 14 August 2015

Regional Land Right Situation and Advocacy Issues and Strategies

Project name: Empowering the Poor through Federations (2008-2011) and Strengthening Community based Organizations for Pro-poor
Democratic Governance (2012-2016)
Partner Type: PT 1
DCA Partner: RDRS Bangladesh
Country and District: Rangpur, Nilphamari, Kurigram, Gaibandha, Lalmonirhat, Dinajpur, Thakurgaon and Panchagarh districts of Bangladesh

This template attempts to compile past and current DCA works of land right issues in tabular forms. It includes the different aspects such as types
of activities, achievement, key learning, partners’ thoughts and ideas, and land right issues, to be addressed and types of engagement in future. It
will be basis for informed understanding on land right situation, issues as well as devising advocacy strategies to move further.
Compiling works of land right within DCA
Types of Achievement/Res Key learning Land right issues to be Types of Future Engagement Remarks
interventions/activities ults/Outputs addressed in future to address issues
(Year) (Tick under DCA (Year) (Reco mmendation from identified/recommended
supported or Non DCA partners) Short term Long term
supported)
DCA Non-DCA e.g. Joint land ownership e.g. debate, e.g. policy
Supported supported dialogue, change
Mention the
Donor
Ensure 327 Household (107 Strong and aware Government owned land Massive Need advocacy
access of woman headed HH) Community based captured by politicians. These dialogues, for existing RDRS
Landless received 109.22 Acre organization can lands should be free through workshop, policy Bangladesh
households land with registration play the vital role joint initiatives of government discussion need to implementation can take a lead
to paper. to ensure rights of and non-government authority. hold between the role to arrange
government the poor through said two parties a national
owned land making duty workshop for
(from 2008 bearers advocacy with
to 2014) accountable based political party
on their collective leaders
effort

40
Name of Individual: Abdullah Al-Mamun
Designation: Project Coordinator, RDRS-SCOPE project
Date: 13/08/2015
Regional Land Right Situation and Advocacy Issues and Strategies
Project name: CBDRR & CC adaptation Project
Partner Type: PT 1, PT3, PT5
DCA Partner:/ Christian Aid
Country and District: Bangladesh- Khulna
This template attempts to compile past and current DCA works of land right issues in tabular forms. It includes the different aspects such as types
of activities, achievement, key learning, partners’ thoughts and ideas, and land right issues, to be addressed and types of engagement in future. It
will be basis for informed understanding on land right situation, issues as well as devising advocacy strategies to move further.

Compiling works of land right within DCA :

Types of Achievement Key Land right issues to be Types of Future Engagement to Remarks
interventions/activities ( /Results/Out learning addressed in future address issues
Year) (Tick under DCA puts (Year) (Reco mmendation from identified/recommended
supported or Non DCA partners) Short term Long term
supported)
DCA Non-DCA e.g. Joint land ownership e.g. debate, dialogue, e.g. policy
Supported supported change
Mention the
Donor
(Christian Aid Supported) Awareness Voice raising The landless people are becoming Meeting. seminar Policy
FGD, Group Meeting, Advocacy Raising on is possible of owner of Khas land. Dialogue, Public Development at
workshop with Union and Upzila Land Rights the voice less Hearing with UP and Union Level Sub
Parisad, Quarterly Dialogue, Issues. helpless Upzila. district, District
Between CBO and UP. Application CBO people if they and National
to union Parisad developed. are organized Level.
Voice Raising on the basis of
Of voiceless their felt
people in the issues.
community.

41
Annex 6: ToC Pathways (Diagrammatic)

42