Key to Practice Test 5

Ex. 1
1C
2A
winding adj having a curving and twisting shape
a long and winding road
+ winding twisting and turning, full of twists and turns
spin, spun, spun
3D
plumber a person whose job is to fit and repair things such as water pipes, toilets,
etc.
I think we’ll have to call the plumber to fix that tap.
4C
butcher a person whose job is cutting up and selling meat in a shop/store or killing
animals for this purpose
5D
Ex. 2
6C 7D
emigrant a person who leaves their country to live in another
emigrant workers emigrants to Canada
During the reign of Charles I there was a flood of emigrants to North
America.
immigrant a person who has come to live permanently in a country that is not their
own
immigrant communities/families/workers illegal immigrants
8B 9C 10 A
emotion U C a strong feeling such as love, fear or anger; the part of a person’s
character that consists of feelings
He lost control of his emotions.
They expressed mixed emotions at the news.
Emotions are running high (= people are feeling very excited, angry, etc.).
+ emotion feeling, sentiment, sensation
Ex. 3
11C
arise [intransitive] (rather formal) (especially of a problem or a difficult situation) to
happen; to start to exist
SYNONYM OCCUR
A new crisis has arisen.
We keep them informed of any changes as they arise.
+ arise appear, emerge, crop up, turn up, come about
12 A
project scheme, plan, plan of action
13 C
 sue (somebody) (for something) to make a claim against somebody in court
about something that they have said or done to harm you
to sue somebody for breach of contract
to sue somebody for $10 million (= in order to get money from somebody)
to sue somebody for damages
sue take legal action against, take to court, bring a suit against, proceed against
14 C
be supposed to do/be something to be expected or required to do/be something
according to a rule, a custom, an arrangement, etc.
You're supposed to buy a ticket, but not many people do.
I thought we were supposed to be paid today.
not be supposed to do something to not be allowed to do something
You're not supposed to walk on the grass.
15 B
grateful adj feeling or showing thanks because somebody has done something
kind for you or has done as you asked
grateful (to somebody) (for something) I am extremely grateful to all
the teachers for their help.
grateful (to do something) She seems to think I should be grateful to
have a job at all.
grateful (that…) He was grateful that she didn't tell his parents about the
incident.
+ grateful appreciative (of)
gratitude U the feeling of being grateful and wanting to express your thanks
He smiled at them with gratitude.
gratitude (to somebody) (for something) I would like to express my
gratitude to everyone for their hard work.
She was presented with the gift in gratitude for her long service.a deep
sense of gratitude
I owe you a great debt of gratitude (= feel extremely grateful).
Opposite ingratitude
thankful adj pleased about something good that has happened, or something bad that
has not happened
thankful (to do something) I was thankful to see they'd all arrived
safely.
thankful (for something) He wasn't badly hurt—that's something to be
thankful for.
She was thankful for the darkness which allowed her to slip away
unnoticed.
thankful (that…) I was thankful that he hadn't been hurt.
delightful adj very pleasant
SYNONYM CHARMING a delightful book/restaurant/town
a delightful child It was a delightful little fishing village.
16 C
 dependent adj needing somebody/something in order to survive or be successful
a woman with several dependent children
dependent on/upon somebody/something You can't be dependent on
your parents all your life.
dependent on/upon somebody/something for something The festival is
heavily dependent on sponsorship for its success.
depend on/upon sth (not used in the progressive tenses) to be affected or decided
by something
Does the quality of teaching depend on class size?It would depend on the
circumstances.
depend on/upon how, what, etc… Whether we need more food depends
on how many people turn up.
17 B 18 C
responsible (for something) being able to be blamed for something
Who's responsible for this mess?
Everything will be done to bring those responsible to justice.
He is mentally ill and cannot be held responsible for his actions.
19 D 20 C 21 A 22 C
on second thoughts (British English) (North American English on second thought)
used to say that you have changed your opinion
I'll wait here. No, on second thoughts, I'll come with you.
turn sth down reject, spurn, rebuff, refuse, decline
cut sth down (to …)/cut down (on sth) to reduce the size, amount or number of
something
We need to cut the article down to 1 000 words.
The doctor told him to cut down on his drinking.
23 A 24 B 25 D
devote yourself to somebody/something to give most of your time, energy,
attention, etc. to somebody/something
She devoted herself to her career.
+ devote dedicate
comfort to make somebody who is worried or unhappy feel better by being kind and
sympathetic towards them
comfort somebody The victim's widow was today being comforted by
family and friends.
She comforted herself with the thought that it would soon be spring.\
it comforts somebody to do something It comforted her to feel his
arms around her.
26 B
report (to somebody/something) (for something) to tell somebody that you
have arrived, for example for work or for a meeting with somebody
You should report for duty at 9.30 a.m.
All visitors must report to the reception desk on arrival.
 reception [uncountable] (especially British English) the area inside the entrance of
a hotel, an office building, etc. where guests or visitors go first when they arrive
the reception area
We arranged to meet in reception at 6.30.
You can leave a message with reception.
(North American English, British English) the reception desk
receptionist a person whose job is to deal with people arriving at or telephoning a
hotel, an office building, a doctor’s surgery, etc.
27 B
in addition (to somebody/something) used when you want to mention another
person or thing after something else
In addition to these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty
until midnight.
There is, in addition, one further point to make.
28 B
newsprint U the cheap paper that newspapers are printed on
29 A
preparation (for something) U the act or process of getting ready for something or
making something ready
Preparation for the party started early. food preparation
The third book in the series is currently in preparation.
The team has been training hard in preparation for the big game.
preparation
need, require a dish that requires no elaborate preparation or cooking
do He's done a lot of preparation for this meeting.
preparation [countable, usually plural] things that you do to get ready for something
or make something ready
preparation (for something) The country is making preparations for war.
Was going to college a good preparation for your career?
preparation (to do something) We made preparations to move to new
offices.
wedding preparations
30 D
a thousand, thousands (of…) (usually informal) a large number
There were thousands of people there.
31 C
suffer something to experience something unpleasant, such as injury, defeat or loss
He suffered a massive heart attack.
The party suffered a humiliating defeat in the general election.
+ suffer undergo, experience, be subjected to
injury [countable, uncountable] harm done to a person’s or an animal’s body, for
example in an accident
serious injury/injuries minor injuries
to sustain injuries/an injury to escape injury
 injury (to somebody/something) injury to the head
wound an injury to part of the body, especially one in which a hole is made in the
skin using a weapon
a leg/head, etc. wound a bullet/knife/gunshot/stab wound
damage
cause, do, inflict The earthquake caused widespread damage to property.
They inflicted severe psychological damage on their opponents.
suffer | repair | prevent
~ by The palace suffered extensive damage by fire in 1825
32 C 33 A 34 C
tour (of/round/around something) a journey made for pleasure during which
several different towns, countries, etc. are visited
a walking/sightseeing, etc. tour
a coach tour of northern France
a tour operator (= a person or company that organizes tours)
voyage a long journey, especially by sea or in space
an around-the-world voyage a voyage in space
The Titanic sank on its maiden voyage (= first journey).
35 B
go wrong to experience problems or difficulties
The relationship started to go wrong when they moved abroad.
What else can go wrong (= what other problems are we going to have)
?What went wrong? You were doing really well.
suspicion (that…) C a feeling or belief that something is true, even though you
have no proof
I have a horrible suspicion that we've come to the wrong station.
36 A
instructions [plural] detailed information on how to do or use something
SYNONYM DIRECTION
Follow the instructions on the packet carefully.
Always read the instructions before you start.
instruction on how to do something The plant comes with full
instructions on how to care for it.
+ instructions directions
complicated complex, involved, convoluted, tangled
Opposite easy, simple, straightforward
constructor a person or company that builds things, especially cars or aircraft
Riley&Scott, the US racing car constructor
37 A
owing to because of, on account of, thanks to, by reason of, on grounds of
on grounds of
Employers cannot discriminate on grounds of age.
by reason of
(formal) He was excused by reason of (= because of) his age.
 lack U singular deficiency (in/of sth) U C , dearth singular , shortage U C
cancel call off, abandon, scrap, drop
except (for) but, but for, other than, apart from, aside from
but
We've had nothing but trouble with this car.
The problem is anything but easy.
other than (usually used in negative sentences) except
I don't know any French people other than you.
We're going away in June but other than that I'll be here all summer.
38 B 39 A
consequently adv as a result; therefore
This poses a threat to agriculture and the food chain, and consequently to
human health.
She failed her exams and was consequently unable to start her studies at
college.
supposedly adv according to what is generally thought or believed but not known
for certain
SYNONYM ALLEGEDLY
The novel is supposedly based on a true story.
a poem supposedly written by Shakespeare
40 D
Passage
1
at times sometimes
He can be really bad-tempered at times.
The rain will become heavy at times in the afternoon.
normal usual, typical, common, ordinary
out of something used to show the reason why something is done
I asked out of curiosity. She did it out of spite.
check up to make certain about something by checking it
I’m not sure what time the train leaves – we’d better check up.
2
push [transitive] to persuade or encourage somebody to do something that they may
not want to do
push somebody (into something/into doing something) My teacher
pushed me into entering the competition.
push somebody to do something No one pushed you to take the job, did
they?
+ push urge, press, pressure, put pressure on, force
watch for if you watch for something or watch out for it, you pay attention so that
you notice it, either because you do not want to miss it or because you want
to avoid it.
We'll be watching for any developments.
He called out to them to watch out for the unexploded mine.
41 A
handbook a book giving instructions on how to use something or information about a
particular subject
A study skills handbook sets out to train the students in all these areas.
42 B
questionable adj that you have doubts about because you think it is not
accurate or correct
SYNONYM DEBATABLE
The conclusions that they come to are highly questionable.
It is questionable whether this is a good way of solving the
problem.
43 B
quiet adj (of a person) tending not to talk very much
She was quiet and shy.
44 A
check up on sb to make sure that somebody is doing what they should be doing
My parents are always checking up on me.
other than (usually used in negative sentences) (formal) different or in a
different way from; not
I have never known him to behave other than selfishly.
45 A
mark a sign that a quality or feeling exists
On the day of the funeral businesses remained closed as a mark of respect.
Such coolness under pressure is the mark of a champion.
adulthood U the state of being an adult
a child reaching adulthood
Cloze Test
46 C
relatively adv to a fairly large degree, especially in comparison to something
else
I found the test relatively easy.
We had relatively few applications for the job.
+ relatively comparatively
span the length of time that something lasts or is able to continue
I worked with him over a span of six years.
The project must be completed within a specific time span.
Small children have a short attention span.
+ span period, space, time, duration
47 D
incredible adj impossible or very difficult to believe
SYNONYM UNBELIEVABLE an incredible story
It seemed incredible that she had been there a week already.
 evolution U the gradual development of something
In politics Britain has preferred evolution to revolution (= gradual
development to sudden violent change).
+ evolution development, advancement, growth, progress
capability (to do something/of doing something) U C the ability or
qualities necessary to do something
Animals in the zoo have lost the capability to catch/of catching food for
themselves.
beyond/within the capabilities of current technology
+ capablity ability, capacity, power, potential, potentiality
48 B 49 D
machinery [uncountable] machines as a group, especially large ones
agricultural/industrial machinery a piece of machinery
motor a device that uses electricity, petrol/gas, etc. to produce movement
and makes a machine, a vehicle, a boat, etc. work
an electric motor He started the motor.
50 B
air-conditioned adj (of a building or car) having a system that cools and dries
the air inside it
air-conditioned offices The restaurant is fully air-conditioned
air-conditioning (also air con) [uncountable](abbreviation AC, a/c) a system
that cools and dries the air in a building or car
Is the air conditioning on?
51 A
gigantic adj extremely large
SYNONYM ENORMOUS, HUGE a gigantic house
The problem was beginning to take on gigantic proportions.
advance (in something) U C progress or a development in a particular
activity or area of understanding
recent advances in medical science
We live in an age of rapid technological advance.
major advances in the field of physics
+ advance breakthrough, development,
52 B
53 C
54 B
55 C