MCQ of Ans: (b)

Transformer 4. Which of the following will improve the

mutual coupling between primary and
page-1 secondary of a transformer ?

a) Transformer oil of high breakdown

1.The main purpose of using core in
voltage
transformer is to
b) Winding material of high resistivity
a) Decrease reluctance of the common c) High reluctance magnetic core
magnetic circuit d) Low reluctance magnetic core
b) Decrease iron losses
c) Prevent hysteresis loses Ans: (d)
d) Prevent eddy current losses 5. Which type of core is used for a high-
frequency transformer
Ans: (a)
a) Open iron core
2. Transformer works on the principle of b) Air core
c) Closed iron core
a) Self induction
d) None of these
b) Mutual induction
c) Faraday’s law of electromagnetic
Ans: (b)
induction
d) Self and mutual induction both 6. Transformer oil used in transformer
provides

Ans: (d)
a) Insulation and cooling
3. If dc voltage is applied to the primary of a b) Cooling and lubrication
transformer it may c) Lubrication and insulation
d) Insulation, cooling and lubrication
a) Work
b) Burn the winding
Ans: (a)
c) Not work
d) Give lower voltage on the secondary 7. Enamel layer is coated over the
side lamination of a transformer core to

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a) Attain adhesion between the c) Increasing the thickness of lami-
lamination nations
b) Prevent corrosion of laminations d) Increasing the gap in the magnetic
c) Decrease the hum circuit
d) Insulate the lamination from each
other Ans: (b)

Ans: (d) 11. In a transformer, the oil must be free

from
8. The primary and secondary induced emfs
E1and E2 in two-winding transformer are a) sulphur
always
b) odour
a) Antiphase with each other c) moisture
b) In phase with each other d) both (a) and (c)
c) Equal in magnitude
d) Determined by load on transformer Ans: (d)
secondary 12. In a transformer, the magnetic coupling
between the primary and secondary circuit
Ans: (b) can be increased by

9. An step-up transformer increases a) increasing the number of turns

b) using soft material for winding
a) Current c) using magnetic core of low reluc-
b) Frequency tance
c) Voltage d) using transformer oil better quality
d) Power
Ans: (c)
Ans: (c)
13. If the density in the core of a transformer
10. Eddy current losses in a transformer core is increased
may be reduced by
a) the frequency the secondary winding
a) Reducing the air gap in the magnetic voltage increases
circuit b) waveshape of the secondary winding
b) Reducing the thickness of lami- voltage gets distorted
nations
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c) size of the transformer can be a) Waveform
reduced b) Frequency
d) eddy current losses increase c) Voltage
d) Both frequency and waveform
Ans: (c)
Ans: (d)
14.The power factor in a transformer
18. A transformer provides a path for
a) is always unit magnetic flux of
b) is always leading
c) is always lagging a) High reluctance
d) depends on the power factor of load b) High conductivity
c) Low reluctance
Ans: (d) d) Low conductivity

15. Which of the following transformer will Ans: (c)

be largest is size?
19. An ordinary transformer works on
a) 1 kVA, 50 Hz
b) 1 KVA, 60 Hz a) A.C
c) 1KVA, 100Hz b) D.C
d) 1KVA, 500 Hz c) Both a.c. and d.c.
d) Pulsating d.c.
Ans: (d)
Ans: (a)
16. A transformer transforms
20. An ideal transformer is one which has
a) Current
b) Voltage a) A common core for its primary and
c) Frequency secondary winding
d) Both voltage and current b) Core of stainless steel and winding of
pure copper wire
Ans: (d) c) No losses and magnetic leakage
d) Interleaved primary and secondary
17. A transformer does not change the
following windings

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 c) Frequency
Ans: (c) d) Both (b) and (c)

21. The transformer core is generally Ans: (d)

made of
25. In power transformers, breather is used
a) Alumimium to

b) Silicon steel
a) Provide insulation to the windings
c) Copper
b) Provide cooling to the windings
d) Wood
c) Take insulating oil from the con-
servator
Ans: (b)
d) Extract moisture from the air
22. Which of the following is minimized by
laminating the core of a transformer? Ans: (d)

a) Hysteresis loss 26. In a transformer, conservator con-sists of

b) Eddy current loss
c) Heat loss a) Drum placed at the bottom of the
d) All of these tank
b) An air tight metal drum fixed at the
Ans: (b) top of the tank
c) Overload protection circuit
23. Thickness of laminations of trans-former d) None of these
core is usually of the order of

a) 0.35 mm to 0.5 mm Ans: (b)

b) 3.5 mm to 5 mm 27. In a transformer, the resistance between
c) 35 mm to 50 mm its primary and secondary should be
d) 5mm to 10 mm
a) Infinite
Ans: (a) b) Zero
c) About 1 MΩ
24. The size of transformer core depends on d) About 100 MΩ

a) Area of the core

Ans: (a)
b) Flux density of core material

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28. For large power transformer, best a) It eliminates axial forces on the
utilization of available core space can be
made by using windings
b) It eliminates radial forces on the
a) Square core section windings
b) Stepped core section c) It reduces insulation requirement
c) Rectangular core section d) None of these
d) None of these
Ans: (a)
Ans: (b)
32. Which of the following materials is used
29. Five limb core construction of to absorb moisture from air entering the
transformer has advantage over three limb transformer ?
core construction that
a) Silica sand
a) Hysteresis loss is less b) Silical gel
b) Permeability is higher c) Felt pad
c) Magnetic reluctance of the three d) Sodium chloride
phases can be balanced
d) Eddy current loss is less Ans: (b)

33. Which of the following acts as a

Ans: (c) protection against high voltage surges due to
lightening and switching?
30. In a transformer, low voltage windings
are placed nearer to the core in the case of
concentric winding because it reduces a) Horn gaps
b) Thermal overload relays
a) Eddy current loss c) Conservator
b) Insulation requirement d) Breather
c) Leakage fluxes
d) Hysteresis loss Ans: (a)

34. A tap changer is used on a trans-former

Ans: (b) for

31. Transformer windings are tapped in a) Adjustment in power factor

the middle because b) Adjustment in secondary voltage
c) Adjustment in primary voltage

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d) Adjustments in both primary and a) Flicker noise
secondary voltage b) Transit-time noise
c) Agitation noise
Ans: (b) d) Humming noise

35. Overcurrents in a transformer affect

Ans: (d)
a) Insulation life 39. The maximum load that a power
b) Temperature rise transformer can carry is limited by its
c) Mechanical stress
d) All of these a) Voltage ratio
b) Copper loss
Ans: (d) c) Temperature noise
d) Dielectric strength of oil
36. Highest rating transformers are likely to
find application in
Ans: (a)
a) Generation 40. In a three-phase transformer, the phase
b) Transmission difference between the primary voltage and
c) Distribution the induced secondary winding voltage is

d) Substation
a) 90°
b) 120°
Ans: (a)
c) 180°
37. Transformer ratings are usually d) 270°
expressed in terms of
Ans: (c)
a) Voltage
b) KVA 41. In a transformer, the magnitude of
c) KWh the mutual flux is
d) KW
a) High at low loads and low at high
Ans: (b) loads
b) Low at low loads and low at high
38. The noise in transformer due to vibration
of laminations set by magnetic forces, is loads
called c) Varies at low loads and constant at

6|Page
high loads a) Has core of stainless steel
d) Same at all loads b) Has no losses and magnetic leakage
c) Has a common core for its primary
Ans: (d) and secondary windings
d) Has inter leaved primary and
42. Use of higher flux density in trans-
former design secondary windings

a) Increases the weight per kW Ans: (b)

b) Increases the weight per kVA
46. In a two winding transformer, the
c) Decreases the weight per kVA primary and the secondary induced emfs E1
d) Decreases the weight per kW and E2 are always

Ans: (c) a) In phase with each other

b) Antiphase with each other
43. The efficiency of transformer compared c) Of different frequency
with that of electric motors of the same
rating is d) Equal in magnitude

a) About the same Ans: (a)

b) Much higher
47. Distribution transformers are designed to
c) Much smaller have maximum efficiency at about
d) Slightly higher
a) Full load
Ans: (b) b) No load
c) 50% of full load
44. The no load current taken by a
transformer lags the applied voltage d) 75% of full load
approximately by
Ans: (c)
a) 60°
b) 45° 48. Use of silicon steel for laminations in a
transformer reduces
c) 30°
d) 80° a) Eddy current losses
b) Hysteresis losses
Ans: (d) c) Both eddy current and hysteresis
45. An ideal transformer is one which losses

7|Page
d) Noise generated in the transformer
Ans: (b)
49. Special silicon steel is used for the
laminations of transformer, because it has
a) High resistivity and high hysteresis
loss
b) High resistivity and low hysteresis loss
c) Low resistivity and high hysteresis loss
d) Low resistivity and low hysteresis loss
Ans: (b)
50. The commercial efficiency of a
transformer while on open circuit is
a) Zero
b) 100%
c) 50%
d) None of these
Ans: (a)
51. The direction of the central phase
winding of a three-phase shell type
transformer is reversed with respect to
the outer phases to
a) Save considerable amount of core
material
b) Reduce short circuit forces
c) Reduce leakage flux
d) Minimize eddy current loss
Ans: (a)
52. In a transformer, spiral winding is
suitable only for windings
a) Rated for high voltage
b) Rated for low voltage
c) Carrying very high current
d) Carrying very low current
Ans: (c)
53. In a transformer, continuous disc
winding is suitable for
a) High voltage winding of small trans-
formers
b) Low voltage winding of small trans-
formers
c) High voltage winding of large trans-
formers
d) Low voltage winding of large trans-
formers
Ans: (c)
54. For transformation ration k, the
transformer secondary impedance has to be
multiplied by the following factor to get its
equivalent primary impedance
a) K
b) 1/k
c) k2
d) 1/k2
Ans: (c)
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55. The magnetic flux in a transformer
follows a path of
Ans: (a)
a) Low reluctance 59. Good transformer oil should contain
b) High conductivity water less than
c) High reluctance
d) Low conductivity a) 4 ppm
b) 8 ppm
Ans: (a) c) 12 ppm
d) 20 ppm
56. Use of higher flux density in trans-
former design
Ans: (b)
a) Increases the weight/kVA 60. Stepped core limbs are used to
b) Decreases the weight/kVA
c) Reduces iron losses a) Reduce copper material and copper
d) Improves insulation losses
b) Reduce iron material and iron losses
Ans: (b) c) Both (a) and (b)
d) Increase mechanical strength of the
57. A transformer is connected to a constant
voltage supply. As the supply frequency core
increases, the magnetic flux in the core
Ans: (a)
a) Decreases
b) Increases toward saturation 61. Ferrite cores have less eddy current
c) Becomes zero losses than iron losses because ferrites
d) Becomes constant have

Ans: (b) a) Low permeability

b) High hysteresis
58. Circular coil sections are generally used
c) High resistance
in transformer because they
d) All of these
a) Have the toughest mechanical shape
b) Are easy to wound Ans: (c)
c) Reduce copper losses
d) Reduce iron losses

9|Page
62. The secondary of transformer is never a) LV side and HV side respectively
kept open circuited under actual operating
conditions to b) HV side and LV side respectively
c) HV side only
a) Avoid high voltage insulation d) LV side only
b) Avoid saturation of core
c) Protect the primary circuit Ans: (b)
d) Provide safety to human beings
66. Two transformers operating in parallel
share the load depending on their
Ans: (b)
a) Efficiency
63. The end winding of a power transformer
is given extra insulation to protect it against b) Rating
c) Leakage reactance
a) Oil leakage d) Per unit impedance
b) Excessive heating
c) Travelling wave surges on distri- Ans: (d)
bution lines
67. Incorrect polarity in parallel operation of
d) None of these two transformers results in

Ans: (c) a) Open circuit

b) Short circuit
64. The main reason why open circuit test is
performed on the low voltage winding of the c) Regeneration of power
transformer is that it d) Load sharing proportional to their
kVA rating
a) Draws sufficiently large no-load
current for convenient reading
Ans: (b)
b) Requires least voltage to perform the
test 68. In parallel operation of trans-formers, to
reduce copper loss
c) Needs minimum power input
d) Has become customary a) They should have zero impedance
b) Their phases should be the same
Ans: (a) c) They should have equal turns ratio
65. For short circuit and open circuit tests of d) None of these
a transformer, the instru-ments are
connected on
Ans: (c)
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69. The induction reactance of a trans- 72. Electric power is transferred from one
former depends on coil to the other coil in a transformer

a) Magnetic flux a) Magnetically

b) Leakage flux b) Physically
c) Magnetomotive force c) Electromagnetically
d) Electromotive force d) Electrically

Ans: (b) Ans: (a)

70. When the secondary of the trans-former 73. A transformer operates

is loaded, the flux in the transformer
constant will a) Always at unity power factor
b) Has its own constant power factor
a)Remain same.
c) At a power factor always below 0.8
b) Be directly proportional to secondary
d) At power factor depending on the
current
power factor of the load
c) Be directly proportional to the current
drawn by primary winding
Ans: (d)
d) None of these
74. In an ideal transformer on no-load, the
Ans: (a) primary applied voltage is balanced by

71. When the secondary of a a) Secondary induced emf

transformer is loaded, the current in the b) Primary induced emf
primary side will c) Drop across resistance and reac-tance
d) The secondary voltage
a) Not be effected
b) Increase Ans: (a)
c) Decrease
75. In a transformer, the no load current in
d) Be the sum of no-load current and terms of full load current is of the order of
excess current drawn due to the
secondary current a) 1 to 3%
b) 3 to 10%
Ans: (d) c) 10 to 20%

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d) 20 to 30%
Ans: (a)
76. Cross-over windings are used for
a) High voltage winding of small rating
transformer
b) Low voltage winding of small rating
transformer
c) High voltage winding rating of large
transformer
d) Low voltage winding of large rating
transformer
Ans: (a)
77. Advantage of putting tappings at the
phase ends of a transformer is
a) Fine variation of voltage
b) Ease of operation
c) Reduction in number of bearings
d) Better regulation
Ans: (c)
78. The yoke sections of transformers using
hot-rolled laminations is made about 15%
larger than that of the core in order to
a) Reduce copper loss
b) Increase the size of transformer
c) Provide better cooling
d) Reduce iron loss in yoke and
magnetizing current
Ans: (d)
79. The primary and secondary windings of
an ordinary transformer always have
a) Copper wire of same diameter
b) Common magnetic circuit
c) Different number of turns
d) Separate magnetic circuits
Ans: (b)
80. The leakage flux of a transformer is
defined as
a) The flux which is linked with both the
primary and the secondary windings
b) The flux which is linked either only
with the primary or only with the
secondary
c) The flux whose path is exclusively
through the air
d) None of these
Ans: (b)
81. Helical coils are very well suited for
a) HV winding of large rating trans-
former
b) HV winding of small rating trans-
former
c) LV winding of small rating trans-
former
d) LV winding of large rating trans-
former
Ans: (d)
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82. Compared with the secondary of a a) The difference in the number of
loaded step-up transformer, the primary has
primary and secondary turns
a) Lower voltage and higher current b) Changing currents in the two win-
b) Higher voltage and lower current dings
c) Lower voltage and lower current c) Magnetic flux linkage between the
d) Higher voltage and higher current two windings
d) All of these
Ans: (a)
Ans: (c)
83. In transformers, interlamination
insulation is generally provided by 86. The leakage flux in a transformer
depends on
a) Thick paper
b) Thin mica sheet a) The supply frequency
c) Thin coating varnish b) Load current
d) None of these c) Mutual flux
d) None of these
Ans: (c)
Ans: (b)
84. The resistance of the low voltage
winding of a transformer 87. In a transformer, at every instant, the
direction of the secondary current is such as
a) Is equal to the resistance of the HV to oppose any change of flux. This is as per
winding
a) Lenz’s law
b) Is greater than the resistance of the
b) Faraday’s law
HV winding
c) Coulomb’s law
c) Is less than the resistance of the HV
d) Ampere’s law
winding
d) Maybe either more or less han the
Ans: (a)
resistance of the HV winding
88. As the load in a transformer increa-ses,
Ans: (c) the mutual flux linkage in the core

85. Transfer of energy from primary to the a) Increases

secondary of a transformer results due to b) Decreases
c) Remains unchanged

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d) First increases and becomes constant
Ans: (c)
Ans: (c)
92. A constant current transformer should
89. The magnetic compting between the not have
primary and the secondary of a transformer
may be increased by a) High value of reactance
b) A movable secondary winding
a) Increasing the number of lamina-tions c) A high value of resistance
of core d) Primary and secondary windings
b) Changing the turns ratio surround-ding the core
c) Using the magnetic core lower
reluctance Ans: (c)
d) None of these
93. The frequency of the impressed voltage
of a transformer is increased keeping the
Ans: (c) magnitude fixed. Out of the components of
the exciting current
90. The reactance of a transformer is
determined by its
a) The magnetizing current increases
a) Leakage flux and the core loss components decreases
b) Common core flux b) The magnetizing component
c) Size of the core decreases and the core loss components
d) Permeability of the core material increases
c) Both the magnetizing and core loss
Ans: (b) components decrease
d) Both the magnetizing and core loss
91. For getting minimum weight of a components increase
transformer, the weight of iron should
be Ans: (c)

a) Less than the weight of copper 94. Eddy current loss in a transformer
depends on
b) Greater than the weight of copper
c) Equal to the weight of copper a) Frequency alone
d) None of these b)Voltage alone
c) Thickness of lamination

14 | P a g e
d) All of these a) Conduction process alone
b) Induction process alone
Ans: (d) c) Both conduction and induction
processes
95. Routine efficiency of a transformer
depends upon d) Mutual coupling

a) Load current alone Ans: (c)

b) Power factor of load alone
99. If a two-winding step down trans-former
c) Both (a) and (b) is converted into an auto-transformer by
d) Supply frequency using additive polarity, then

Ans: (c) a) The kVA rating gets reduced

b) The kVA rating gets increased
96. Power transformers are usually designed considerably
to have maximum efficie-ncy at
c) The kVA rating remain unchanged
a) A little more than full load d) None of these
b) Near full load
c) Half load Ans: (b)
d) Quarter load 100. The main advantage of an auto
transformer over a two winding transformer
Ans: (c) is that

97. Essential condition for parallel operation a) Is used only one winding
of two single phase trans-formers is that b) Core losses are reduced
they should have same
c) It needs no cooling
a) Efficiency d) It has simple construction
b) Capacity
c) Voltage ratio Ans: (a)
d) Polarity

Ans: (d) 12/20/2019

98. In an autotransformer, power is

transferred through

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