ARTS APPRECIATION

 Italian word for art which means craftsmanship, skill, mastery of forms and inventiveness. ARTIS
 Subjects of arts is varied. Some arts have subjects. REPRESENTATIONAL ARTS
 Do not have subjects. NON-REPRESENTATIONAL ARTS/ NON-OBJECTIVE ARTS
 All arts have functions.
 Arts that we perceive with our eye and which occupy space are called, VISUAL ARTS/ SPACE ARTS.
 Arts that can be heard and are expressed in time are called AUDITORY ARTS/TIME ARTS
 Arts that can be both seen and heard and these exist in both space and time are called COMBINED ARTS.
 Arts is very important in our lives, it constitutes one of the oldest and most important means of expression
developed by man. NATURE OF ART
 Art is derived from the latin word meaning the ability or skill. ARS (J.V ESTOLAS)
 Italian word of art which means craftsmanship. ARTIS (A. TAN)
 Art is a product of man’s need to express himself. F. ZULUETA
 Arts is concerned itself with the communication of certain ideas and feelings.. C. SANCHEZ
 Art is that which brings life in harmony with the beauty of the world. PLATO
 Art is an attitude of spirit, a state of mind...JOHN DEWEY
 Art is the skilful arrangement or composition of some common but significant qualities of natures...perfect
meaningful and enjoyable way. PANIZO & RUSTIA

4 COMMON ESSENTIALS OF ART

 Man made
 Creative not imitative
 It must benefit and satisfy man
 Express in different medium

 Arts may beautify our humanity. They bring out the good and noble in us. HUMANITIES
 The ability to interpret or understand man-made arts. Deals with learning or understanding and creating arts
and enjoying them. ART APPRECIATION
 Usually presented in the art work, it may be a person, object, scene, or event. SUBJECT OF ART
 Art works that depict something easily recognized by most people are called REPRESENTATIONAL/OBJECTIVE
ARTS
 Art works that have no resemblance to any real subject are called NON-REPRESENTAIONAL/NON-OBJECTIVE
ARTS
 Many modern paintings have purely visual appeal; so difficult that literal- oriented spectators cannot appreciate
them. CONTEMPORARY PAINTERS
 Have subjects and when looking at a painting or statue, one expects to recognize the subjects to know what it is
about- a man, dog, a landscape. TRADITIONAL SCULPTURE
 Every art form has definite functions since it satisfies particular needs. FUNCTIONS OF ART
 4 MAIN FUNCTIONS OF ART

 Man becomes conscious of the beauty of nature. He learns to use love, and preserve them for his enjoyment
and appreciation. Enjoyment. AESTHETIC FUNCTION
 It must be made to be useful. UTILITARIAN FUNCTION
 Through the printed matter, art transmit and preserve skills and knowledge from one generation to another. It is
transmitted orally or verbally. CULTURAL FUNCTION
 Through civic and graphics arts, man learns to love and help each other. SOCIAL FUNCTION

SCOPE OF ART

 2 General Dimensions of Arts

~ Fine Arts or Independent Arts

~ Practical Arts or Useful or Utilitarian Arts

 Arts are made primarily for aesthetic enjoyment through the senses, especially visual and auditory. FINE ARTS
 Arts that are intended for practical use or utility. It’s the development of raw materials for utilitarian purpose.
PRACTICAL ARTS
 Music, painting, sculpture, architecture, literature, dancing and drama are example of FINE ARTS/ AESTHETIC
ARTS
 Industrial Art, Applied or household Art, civic art, commercial art, graphic art, agricultural art, business art,
distributive art, and Fishery arts are example of PRACTICAL ARTS/USEFUL ARTS

COSTODIOSA SANCHEZ

 Arts are consist of visual arts, literature, drama and theatre, music and dance.
 Arts that we perceive with our eyes is VISUAL ARTS
~ Painting, drawing, photography, graphic processes (printing), commercial arts, mechanical processes in
which portrayed in 2 dimensional. GRAPHIC ARTS
~ Include all fields of visual arts for which materials are organized into 3 dimensional forms such as
structural architecture, landscape architecture, etc. PLASTIC ARTS

JOSEFINA ESTOLAS

 Grouped arts into major and minor arts.

 Paintings, Architecture, Sculpture, literature, music and dance are MAJOR ARTS
 Decorative arts, popular Arts, graphic arts, plastic arts, and industrial arts are the MINOR ARTS
 She also grouped arts into:
~ Plastic and Graphic Arts are VISUAL ARTS
~ Theatre, play, dance, music are PERFORMING ARTS
~ Short Stories, novels, poetry, and dramas are LITERARY ARTS
~ Film, newspaper, magazine, radio, and television are POPULAR ARTS
~ Food preparation, and beverage preparation are GUSTATORY ART OF THE CUISINE
~ Beautify houses, offices, cars and other structures are DECORATIVE ARTS OR APPLIED ARTS
PANIZO AND RUSTIA

 They classified arts into 2 major divisions

~ According to PURPOSE
~ According to MEDIA AND FORMS
 Practical Arts, Liberal Arts, Fine Arts, Major Arts, and Minor arts. ACCORDING TO PURPOSE
 Plastic Arts, phonetic arts ( sounds), Kinetic Arts (movement), pure arts, and mixed Arts. ACCORDING TO
MEDIA AND FORMS.
 Directed to produce artifacts and utensils for the satisfaction of human needs. PRACTICAL /USEFUL
ARTS
 Directed toward intellectual growth, such as in the study of philosophy, psychology, literature,
mathematics and sciences. LIBERAL ARTS
 Arts focused on the creative activity for the contemplation of the mind, and the uplift of the spirit. FINE
ARTS
 Arts are characterized by actual and potential expressiveness such as music, poetry, sculpture. MAJOR
ARTS
 Concerned on practical uses and purposes, such as interior decoration and porcelain art. MINOR ARTS
 Arts developed through space and perceived by the sense of sight. PLASTIC ARTS
 Arts involve the element rhythm. Dance is a type of this art. KINETIC ARTS
 Arts are directed toward sounds and words as media of expressions. PHONETIC ARTS
 Arts take only one medium of expression like sound in music and color in painting. PURE ARTS
 Arts take more than one medium such as the opera which combines music, poetry, and drama. MIXED
ARTS.

CHAPTER 2
THE ARTIST’S MEDIA
 Refers to the materials which are used by an artist. MEDIUM
 The manner in which the artist controls the medium to achieve desired effect. TECHNIQUE
 Those whose mediums can be both seen and heard, and these exist in both space and time. COMBINED ARTS
 The art of creating meaningful effects on a flat surface by the use of pigments. PAINTING
 The art of designing and constructing a structure. ARCHITECTURE
 The construction of a figure or by putting together module segments of the material to form a figure. SCULPTURE
 Comes from th latin word, denotes the means by which an artist communicates his ideas. MEDIUM
 Arts whose medium can be seen and which occupy space. VISUAL ARTS
 Arts whose medium can be heard and expressed in time. AUDITORY ARTS
 The artst thinks, feels, and gives shapes to his vision in terms of his medium. THE ARTIST AND HIS MEDIUM

MEDIUMS OF VISUAL ARTS

 Art of creating meaningful effects on a flat surface by the use of pigments.PAINTING
 A medium is difficult to handle because it is difficult to produce warm and rich tones but it invites brilliance and a
variety of hues. Gouache. WATERCOLOR
 This is painting on a moist plaster surface with colors with colors ground in water or a limewater mixture. Michael
Angelo’s painting “The Creation of Adam” FRESCO
 Paints are mineral pigments mixed with egg yolk or egg white, and ore. Chalk and gum. TEMPERA
 Stick of dried paste made of pigment round with chalk and compounded with gum water. PASTEL
 This is one of the early medium used by the egyptians for the painted portrait on mummy cases.ENCAUSTIC
 One of the most expensive art activities today because of the prohibitive cost of materials. OIL
 This medium is used properly by contemporary painters because of the transparency and quick drying
characteristics of watercolor and the flexibility of oil combined. ACRYLIC
 Art is a picture or decoration made of small pieces of inlaid colored stones or glass called “tesserae”. MOSAIC
 Art work that is common in gothic cathedrals and churches.STAINED GLASS
 This is a fabric consisting of a warp upon which colored threads are woven by hand to produce a design .TAPESTRY
 Usually done in paper using pencil, pen, and ink, or charcoal. The most fundamental of all skills in necessary
arts.DRAWING
 A brown pigments extracted from the soot of wood, and often used in pen and wash drawings. BISTRE
 Are pigments bound by wax and compressed into painted sticks used for drawings especially among children in the
elementary grades.CRAYONS
 Carbonaceous materials obtained by heating wood or other organic substances in the absence of
oxygen.CHARCOAL
 The artist has a technique of drawing withsilver stylus on specially prepared paper to produce a thin grayish line
that was popular during renaissance period. SILVERPOINT
 Anything printed on a surface that is direct result from duplicating process. PRINTMAKING
 This is made from a piece of wood. The design stands as a relief, the remaining surface of the block being cut away.
WOODCUT
 The art of forming designs by cutting, corrosion by acids. In engraving, the lines of the design are cut into a metal
platewith ink and transferred from plate to the paper. ENGRAVING
 Printing involves cutting away from a block of wood or linoleum the parts of the design that the artist wants to be
seen, leaving the portion of the third dimension.RELIEF
 Printing process in which the design or the text is engraved into the surface of the place and the ink is transferred to
paper from the groover. INTAGLIO
 A very common art activity done by high school students these days as a part of their practical art courses. STENCIL
PRINTING
 Hard and brittle substance formed from mineral and earth material.STONE
 Is a fine, colorful stone, usually green, and used widely in ancient china. JADE
 Comes from the main parts of tusk of elephants, is the hard white substance used to make carvings and billiard
balls. IVORY
 Include any of class of elementary subtances such as gold, silver, or copper all of which are crystalline when solid .
METALS
 One of the oldest alloys of metal composing chiefly of copper and tin with color and is one of the most universally
popular metals for sculpture. BRONZE
 An alloy of copper and zinc, is not popularly used by artists because of its limitations as a medium. BRASS
 Which has a peculiar brilliance, is used as a costing medium. COPPER
 Used as casting materials for small objects like medals, coins, and jewelry. GOLD AND SILVER
 A bluish gray metal , flexible and permanent material, used for casting and forging.LEAD
 A composition of lime, sand, and water. PLASTER.
 Natural earthly material that has the nature of plasticity when wet. CLAY
 A medium that is hard, brittle, non-crystalline, more or less transparent substance. GLASS
 A medium is perhaps easier to carve than any other mediums available because it can be intracely carved and
subjected into a variety of treatment and not possible with stone. WOOD
 The tenderest of sculptural materials. Most oriental sculpture deals in this medium. TERRA COTTA

4 MAN’S NEED
 Physcal needs
 Emotional needs
 Intellectual needs
 Psychosocial needs

FACTORS IN THE CHOICE AND USE OF ARCHITECTURAL MATERIALS.

STRUCTURAL PROPERTY
- Compressive Strength
- tensile
- Porosity
- Lightness
- Durability
- Rigidity
- Gracefulness
-Flexibility of use.
PHYSICAL PROPERTY
- texture
- tonal Quality
- Color
WEAKNESS OF THE MATERIAL
- Rotting
-Corrosion due to moisture
- Susceptibility to infection by “bukbok” termites and other pest
- Discolorization
- Solar Radiation
-Fungus Growth
LONGETIVITY OF THE MATERIAL
- 10 years
- 20 years
- Half a century
- More than a century
OTHER INHERENT PROPERTIES
-Weight
-Water Resistance
-Heat Resistance
-Acoustic values
OTHER (NON-INHERENT PROPERTIES)
- Availability
- Economy
 CLASSIFICATION OF ARCHITECTURAL MATERIAL ( SALVAN 1999)

MATERIALS OF NATURE
 Direct product of nature
 One of the oldest and perhaps the most permanent material. STONE
-Lime stone
- Granite
-Marble ( Breciated Marble and Serpentine Marble)
-Sandstone
 Not a permanent material but with proper care, it will last for a century. Common building material. WOOD

MATERIALS MANUFACTURED BY MAN

 These materials can be manufactured in different ways. Toilet tiles, clay pot etc. CERAMIC MATERIAL
 METALS
- Bronze
-Wrought iron
- copper
-Chrome-nickel steel.
-Aluminum
-Monel metal
- Nickel Silvers
 More dominant in architectural building materials in design today. Cement, gravel, and sand. CONCRETE
MATERIALS
 Open up new architectural form and designs in the field of architecture. PLASTICS
 These materials are found in the locality and are widely used for sculpture and architecture. INDIGENOUS
MATERIALS.
- sawali
- Coco Coir
- bagase
-Abaca
- Bamboo
-Palm Frond Stems
-Mud bricks

MEDIUMS OF THE PERFORMING ARTS

 Arts that are performed by artist usually on stage and often places. PERFORMING ARTS
 Is art and culture. It deals with sound. MUSIC
 Oldest and natural form of music. THE VOCAL MUSIC
- Correct posture
- correct breathing
-Correct placement of voice
- Correct diction
- Correct interpretation
 CLASSIFICATION OF VOCAL MUSIC
 LONG VOCAL FORMS
-Opera
- Cantata
-Oratorio
- Moro-moro
-Zarzuela
 SHORT VOCAL FORMS
- Folk songs
- Art Songs
- Kundiman
-Balitaw
-Donza Habanera
- Anthem
-Motet
-madrigal
-Ballad
-Chorale
- Round/ cannon
- Area
VOICE CLASSIFICATION
 Women’s Voice
-Soprano ( Coloratura Soprano, Mezzo Soprano, Lyric Soprano)
-Alto or Contralto
 Men’s Voice
-Tenor
-Baritone
-Bass

THE INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC

 Musical instrument are the second medium in music.
 A long composition for solo instrument. SONATA
 A series of musical pieces that tells a story. SUITE
 A music that tells a story is called PROGRAM MUSIC
 A music that tells no story are called ABSOLUTE MUSIC
 A sonata for the orchestra. SYMPHONY
 A sonata for solo and orchestra design to show-off the virtuosity of the soloist. CONCERTO
 Written for two solo instrument and basso continuo and usually in several movements. CHAMBER MUSIC
 The different musical instruments are
- String Instrument
-Woodwinds
-Brasses
-Percussion Instrument
 The properties of of musical sound:
-Pitch ( highness and lowness of a tone)
-Duration ( length of time)
-Volume (loudness or forte and softness or piano of tone)
-Timbre or Tone Color ( individual quality of the sound produced by other instrument)
 Combined arts are the various languages of the world. LITERATURE

METHODS OF ART PRODUCTION AND PRESENTATION

 When the representation and organization of details in the art work seems so natural. 8 Bells.REALISM
 The artist become so interested in one phase of a scene or a situation that he does not show the subject at all as an
objective reality, but only his idea, or his feeling about it. ABSTRACTION
 Clearly manifested when the subject is in mishapen condition , or the regular shape is twisted out. DISTORTION
 Which is being lengthened, protraction or an extension. ELONGATION
 This may not be commonly used way of presenting an abstract subject. Objects which are cut, lacerated, mutilated,
or hacked with repeated blows. MANGLING
 It stresses abstract form through the use of cone, cylinder, or sphere at the expense of other pictorial elements.
CUBISM
 Style of abstract painting that originated in new york city after world war II and gained an international vogue.
ABSTRACT EXPRESSION
 A symbol in general, is a visible sign of something invisible such as an idea or quality. SYMBOLISM
 Was the first important art movement of the 1900’s . FAUVISM
 A protest movement in the arts was formed in 1916 by a group of artist and poets in Zurich, Switzerland. DADAISM
 It was developed in italy about the same time cubism appeared in france. FUTURISM
 This movement in art and literature was founded in Paris in 1924 by the french poet Andre Breton. SURREALISM
 This method was introduced in Germany during the first decade of the twentieth century. Emotions
EXPRESSIONISM
CHAPTER 3
 Elements of Visual Arts are:
- Line
-Color
- Texture
- Perspective
- Space
-Form
-Volume
-Light
-Shadow
 Can make us know what the work is about. Uses to represent figures and forms. LINE
 Refers to the quality or kind of light that reflects from the surface of the object. Has the most aesthetic appeals.
COLOR
 Element that deals more directly with the sense of touch. TEXTURE
 Deals with the effect of distance upon the appearance of objects, by means of which the eye judges spatial
relationships. PERSPECTIVE
 Concerned with making all parts functional so that all parts of the works of art will contribute to make the
whole a complete work of art. SPACE
 Describes the structure or shape of an object. FORM
 Refers to the amount of light that reflects from the surface of the object. VOLUME
 Elements of music are:
-Rhythm
- Melody
-harmony
-Tempo
-Dynamics
-Timbre
 The variation of length and accentuation of a series of sounds. RHYTHM
 Refers to pitches or tones sounded one after another in a logical meaningful series. MELODY
 Refers to the manner of sound combination wherever we add subordinate sounds to enhance the quality of the
main sound. HARMONY
 Refers to the speed of a certain musical piece. TEMPO
 Refers to the amount, strength, or volume of the sound. DYNAMICS
 Refers to tone quality. TIMBRE
 Lines of repose and serenity. HORIZONTAL LINES
 Lines of poised for action. VERTICAL LINES
 Suggest action, life, and movement. DIAGONAL LINES
 Suggest grace, subtleness, direction, instability, movement, flexibility, joyousness, and grace. CURVED LINES
 Express energy, violence, conflict, and struggle. CROOKED OR JAGGED LINES.
 Three (3) dimensions of color:
- Is the dimension of color that gives color its name. Hue
- Sometimes called chiaroscuro, refers to the lightness or darkness of a color. VALUE
- Values above the normal. TINT
- Values below the normal. SHADES
- Refers to the brightness and darkness of color. It gives color strength. INTENSITY.
 Related color Harmonies:
- Monochromatic
- Adjacent.
 Contrasted color harmonies:
- Complementary colors
 The representation of an appearance of distance by means of converging lines. LINEAR PERSPECTIVE
 The representation of relative distances of objects by gradiations of tone and color. AERIAL PERSPECTIVE
 Those whose parts are related to one another in a consistent orderly manner. REGULAR FORMS
 Those whose parts are dissimilar and unrelated to one another. IRREGULAR FORMS
 Consist of a number of secondary forms clustered to produce a dominant, central, and parent form.
CENTRALIZED FORMS
 Are arranged sequentially in a row or a series of forms along a line. LINEAR FORMS
 Are compositions of linear forms that extend outward from central from in a radial manner. RADIAL FORMS
 Are modular forms who’s relation are regulated by 3 dimensional grids. GRID FORMS
 Refers to the amount of space occupied in 3 dimensions. VOLUME
 As an auditory art uses a particular language to know its elements in order to understand the musicians mode or
technique of manipulating sounds in order to create meaning. MUSIC
 The tonal combinations of 2 or more tones sounded at the same time is called. CHORD
- Concord
- Discord or Dissonance
 Tempo
- Largo- very slow
- Adagio- Slow and stately
- Andante- At a walking pace
- Andantino- alternatively faster or slower than andante
- Allegreto- moderately fast
- Allegro- fast
- Presto- very fast
- Accelerando- gradually becoming faster
- Ritadando- gradually becoming slower
 An art and recreation. It tells story, a set of moods, or expresses an emotion. DANCE
 TYPES OF DANCES
- Folk dance
- Ballroom dance
- Theatrical dances
 THE DANCE AND ITS ELEMENTS
- Conveys the message of a dance. THEME
- Pattern of movement in time and space. DESIGN
- Bodily actions of the dancer that include his steps, gesture of the arms, hands and body, and facial
expressions. MOVEMENT
- Skill of movement executed by the dancer. TECHNIQUE
- The auditory background to which a dancer moves. MUSIC
- Properties worn by the dancer that help reflect the message. COSTUME AND BODY PARAPHERNALIA
- Figures and steps in dancing that enable the dancers to perform. CHOREOGRAPHY
- Background or setting where the dance is performed. SCENERY
-