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VFR/IFR COMMUNICATION SUMMARY

CATEGORY ORDER OF MESSAGES

1. Distress, MAYDAY.
2. Urgency, PAN PAN/PAN PAN MEDICAL.
3. Direction finding request and information.
4. Flight safety order, instruction/request when airborne or about to depart.
5. Meteorological information.
6. Flight regularity messages. Messages regarding maintenance, aircrafts parts.

TRANSMISSION OF NUMBERS

• Number by number: Aircrafts callsign, flight level, heading, wind, transponder codes, runway, altimeter setting, Time.
• N° Thousand + N° Hundred: Altitude, ceiling, visibility, RWY visual range.
• With Decimals: 25kHz spaced frequencies with 2 decimal digits, 8kHz spacing with 3 decimal digits.

STATIONS CALLSIGNS

• Callsign may be abbreviated only after the GND station doing this. They are made by:
o IA659→I59
o CESSNA IGITR→CESSNA TR
o SCANDINAVIAN 738→no abbreviated form
• Callsign may be changed for safety reasons after being instructed from the ATS.
• AIS: Aeronautical Information Service. AFIS: Aerodrome FIS. ATIS: Automatic Terminal Information Service

Area Control Centre CONTROL Approach Control APPROACH


Approach Control Radar Arrival ARRIVAL Approach Control Radar Departure DEPARTURE
Radar (In General) RADAR Precision Approach Radar PRECISION
Aerodrome Control TOWER Surface Movement Control GROUND
Clearance Delivery DELIVERY Apron Control APRON
Direction-Finding Station HOMER Flight Information Service INFORMATION
Company Dispatch DISPATCH Aeronautical Station RADIO
METEOROLOGICAL REPORTs

• VOLMET contains metar, speci, taf and sigmet. ATIS is a continuous terminal service updated every 30 min or less if there are
major changes in wind direction (60°) or speed (10kt), freezing/heavy precipitations, TS, freezing fog or cloud changes below
1500ft. METAR is issued every 30 min, 1 hr or with SPECI, a special metar. SIGMET is weather advisory for all aircraft. TAF is a
weather terminal forecast.
• All A/C except for non RNAV, Flight time<2hrs, ETA<1hr, without data-link or Alt<5000ft can be asked for routine report
containing: Air temp, wind, turbulence, icing and humidity
• All A/C can submit special report to ATS if encounter: severe CAT, volcanic ash, pre volcanic eruption, severe icing, heavy dust,
sand storm, severe mountain wave or embedded Thunderstorm.

STANDARD WORD AND PHRASES

• PAN PAN /MAYDAY called station, calling station, problem, intentions, altitude, heading. Medical: callsign, pos and time.
• Position report: call sign, position, time, FL, next position and it’s ETA.

CLIMB TO “FL”/ AT “ALT” TCAS CLIMB REQUEST CHANGE TO “FREQ”


CROSS JULIETT AT “FL/ALT” REPORT MLS CAPABILITY ADVISE TXPDR CAPABILITY
REQUEST START CONTACT PARIS CONTROL (they CALL THIENE RADIO (you should introduce
UP/PUSHBACK/BACKTRACK know you) yourself)
STOP IMMEDIATILY→STOPPING RESUME OWN NAVIGATION NEGATIVE 8.33/TXPDR
CHECK ALT SET/VERIFY FL (accuracy) READY/READY FOR DEPARTURE GIVEWAY TO
STOP TRANSMITTING MAYDAY DISTRESS TRAFFIC ENDED CANCELLING DISTRESS
RADIO CHECK

1: Unreadable 2: Readable now and then 3: Readable but


4: Readable 5: Perfectly Readable with difficulty
COMMUNICATION FAILURE

• Controlled VFR:
o Attempt on another frequencies transmitting twice
o If just the receiver has failed transmit report/position on
regular time
o Set 7600 and continue in VMC
o Exit from controlled airspaces and land at the nearest
uncontrolled airport and report ASAP
• Controlled IFR
o Able to continue in VMC: continue in VMC, land at the
nearest airport and report ASAP
o Continuing in IMC: Proceeding within the FPLAN
reaching the App Fix as close as possible to the EAT using the declared IAP but within 30 min from EAT or the last
acknowledge EAT
▪ No radar/procedural separation: maintain last speed/FL for 20 min from missing a compulsory reporting point and
then proceed as planned
▪ With Radar: maintain last speed/FL for 7 min after reaching the assigned FL or from setting squawk 7600 or from a
compulsory point. Then continue as planned
▪ Vectored: offset RNAV then directly re-join the FPLAN within next significant point

MISCELLANEOUS

• Rate of speech 100 words/min.


• Common abbreviation need not be spelled.
• CAVOK: Visibility more then 10km and ceiling higher from the highest between 5000 ft and MSA.
• RVR is reported at touchdown, at mid-point and at stop-end.
• ETA is at arrival, EET is the Estimated Elapsed Time, EAT is Expected Approach Time.
• APV is Approach Procedure with Vertical guidance, a non-precision approach.
• 0 Poor 0.25 poor to medium 0.3 medium 0.35 medium to good 0.4 good 0.X
• Holding instruction contains: fix, level and inbound track.
• Significant point is a geolocation using in general. Waypoint is a geolocation for RNAV.
• Operating hours of stations are described by:

HJ Sunrise to Sunset HO During Operating Hours


HN Sunset to Sunrise HX No specific Working Hours

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