Docsity Simulation and Modeling Gpss

Simulation and modeling
GPSS
Mathematical Modeling and Simulation
Tribhuvan University Kathmandu
14 pag.
Document shared on www.docsity.com

Downloaded by: ritu-bhurat (ritubhurat18@gmail.com)
GPSS
General Purpose Simulation System (GPSS) is a discrete time simulation general-purpose programming
language, where a simulation clock advances in discrete steps. In GPSS, a system is modelled as transactions that
enter the system and are passed from one service to another.
This Language is particularly well-suited for simulation of queuing models such as a facility station or factory.
GPSS features a software package that is designed to simplify matters for the user:
• The world is simulated with entities moving through the model.
• These entities, called Transactions, are visualized as moving from Block to Block, where a Block is a line
of code and represents unit actions that affects the Transaction itself or other entities. The transaction is a
process that represents the real-world system being modelled.
• The blocks are chosen by the modeller for specific functions to imitate a particular system.
• Entities can be broadly classified in Resources, Computational entities and Statistical entities.
- Resources, like Facilities and Storages represent limited capacity resources.
- Computational entities, like variables, Functions and random generators are used to represent the
state of Transactions or elements of their environment.
GPSS is used as:
• User translates his problem into a conceptual model, which is a block diagram. Then GPSS software
package processes this block diagram, executes the simulation run, and produces statistics.
• Blocks could be facility-oriented (such as machines in a job shop) or transaction-oriented (such parts of
work-in-process, signals in electronic components or documents in a bureaucratic procedure).
• GPSS automatically keep track of statistics which brings in fixed form at the end of a simulation as
standard report.
Some Blocks of GPSS:
• GENERATE
• TERMINATE
• SEIZE
• RELEASE
• QUEUE
• DEPART
• ADVANCE
• ASSIGN
• START
GENERATE Block:
• This block creates transactions with inter-arrival times determined by the attribute values. This birth
block.
• SYNTAX:
line number label GENERATE A, B, C, D, E

• ATTRIBUTES:
A = average value of inter arrival time
B = modifier time B <= A
C = start delay time, before first transaction is generated
D = maximum number of transactions generated
E = priority allocated to transactions
• The label is optional. The distribution of inter-arrival times follows a uniform probability distribution with
A B.
• EXAMPLE: GENERATE 15.0, 4.5
• SYMBOL:
TERMINATE Block:
• This block destroys any transaction entering it and removes it from computer memory. It is death block.
Each time a transaction enters this block it decrements a counter by an amount equal to its attribute value.
The counter is set by the user upon starting the simulation.
• SYNTAX:
line number label TERMINATE A
• ATTRIBUTES:
A = Termination count decrement
• The Termination Count of the simulation is set by a prior START Command.When the counter, set at the
beginning of the simulation, reaches zero then the simulation is complete and a statistical report is
produced on the outcome of the simulation.
• EXAMPLE: TERMINATE;
• SYMBOL:
ADVANCE BLOCK
• This block represents the servicing of a transaction.
• The servicing times follow a uniform probability distribution.
• A transaction entering this block will be delayed by a time interval chosen at random from the specified
probability distribution.
• The label is optional.
• SYNTAX:
line number label ADVANCE A, B
• ATTRIBUTES:
A = average value of uniform distribution
B = half-width of uniform distribution

• The delay amount is uniformly distributed in A + B.
• EXAMPLE:
ADVANCE 100;
ADVANCE 100,50
• SYMBOL:
SEIZE BLOCK
• This blocks allows the transaction to seize a facility if it is free.
• A facility is a resource that can be used by only one transaction at a time.
• Thus it may be a car “seizing” a “facility” such as a petrol pump or a customer in a supermarket “seizing”
a “facility” such as the checkout assistant. When the car or customer is being serviced by the facility, then
it is said to “own the facility”.
• SYNTAX:
line number label SEIZE A
• ATTRIBUTES:
A = name of facility (for example: pump)
• A transaction can only seize a facility if it is free or else wait until the owning transaction releases it. This
is called blocking.
• EXAMPLE:
SEIZE Barber; //Own or wait for barber.
• SYMBOL:
RELEASE BLOCK
• A transaction entering this block informs GPSS that it is giving up ownership of the facility named in its
attribute value.
• SYNTAX:
line number label RELEASE A
• ATTRIBUTES:
A = name of facility (for example: runway)
• By giving up ownership of the facility, the transaction makes it available for another transaction that may
be waiting to use it.
• EXAMPLE:
RELEASE Barber; // Haircut done. Give up the barber.
• SYMBOL:

QUEUE BLOCK
• This block will instruct GPSS to start gathering queuing statistics on the queue named in its attribute
value.
• Program measures average/maximum queue lengths, distribution of waiting time, etc.
• The label is optional but may be necessary if you have to refer to this line from somewhere else in the
program.
• QUEUE increases queue.
• SYNTAX:
line number label QUEUE A
• ATTRIBUTES:
A = name of queue (for example: garage)
• EXAMPLE:
QUEUE Barber; // Begin queue time.
• SYMBOL:
DEPART BLOCK
• This block instructs GPSS that a transaction is leaving the queue named in it’s attribute value.
• This is necessary in order to compile the statistics on the queue.
• DEPART decreases queue.
• SYNTAX:
line number label DEPART A
• ATTRIBUTES:
A = name of the queue (for example: checkout)
• EXAMPLE:
DEPART Barber; //Begin queue time.
• SYMBOL:
TRANSFER BLOCK
• This block will take transactions entering it and transfer them to each of two different destinations
according to laid down proportions.
• SYNTAX:
line number label TRANSFER A, B, C
• ATTRIBUTES:
A = probability value (0 to 1)

B = proportion of (1-A) transactions transferred to this labelled location
C = proportion A transactions transferred to this labelled location
• EXAMPLE:
200 TRANSFER 0.95, EXIT, REPAIR
• In this case 95% of all transactions entering the TRANSFER block will go to the program line labelled
REPAIR and 5% will go to the program line labelled EXIT. If the second attribute "EXIT" is replaced by
a "comma", then the 5% will go to the next block in the program
• SYMBOL:
LAB 14:
A machine tool in a manufacturing shop is turning out parts at the rate of every 5 minutes. As they are
finished, the parts are turned over to an inspector who takes 4±3 minutes to examine each one and rejects
about 10% of the parts as faulty. Each part will be represented by a transaction and the base time unit for
the system is chosen as 1 minute. Simulate for 100 parts to leave the system.
Answer:
GENERATE 5
ADVANCE 4,3
TRANSFER 0.1, ACC, REJ
ACC TERMINATE 1
REJ TERMINATE 1

Output:

LAB 15:
Customers arrive at mechanic shop at the rate of 300 ± 200. Mechanic serves each customer at the rate of
200 ± 50 minutes. Simulate system for queue of customer and measure of waiting time for 1000 customers.
Answer:
GENERATE 300 200
QUEUE MECHANIC
SEIZE MECHANIC
DEPART MECHANIC
ADVANCE 200 50
RELEASE MECHANIC
TERMINATE 1
Output:

LAB 16:
Problem: Customers arrive at barber shop at the rate of 300 ± 100. Mechanic serves each customer at the
rate of 400 ± 200 minutes. Simulate system for queue of customer and measure of waiting time for 1000
customers.
Answer:
GENERATE 300, 100
QUEUE BARBER
SEIZE BARBER
DEPART BARBER
ADVANCE 400,200
RELEASE BARBER
TERMINATE 1
Output:

LAB 17:
Customers arrive at barber shop at the rate of 18 ± 6. Mechanic serves each customer at the rate of 16 ± 4
minutes. Simulate system for queue of customer and measure of waiting time for 1000 customers for one
day (i.e. 8 hours).
Answer:
* Model segment 1
*
GENERATE 18, 6 //Customer arrive every 18±6 min
QUEUE Chairs // Enter the line
SEIZE Joe //Capture the barber
DEPART Chairs //Leave the line
ADVANCE 16, 4 //Get a haircut in 16±4 min
RELEASE Joe //Free the barber
TERMINATE //Leave the shop
* Model segment 2
*
GENERATE 480 //Timer arrives at time = 480 min
TERMINATE 1 //Shut off the run
START 1 // Start one run
Output:

LAB 18:
Spectators arrive at a turnstile of a football stadium every 7±7 seconds and queue for admittance. The time
to pass through is evenly distributed at 5±3 seconds. A model is required to determine the time taken by 300
people to pass through the turnstile.
Answer:
GENERATE 7, 7
QUEUE Turn
SEIZE Turn
DEPART Turn
ADVANCE 5, 3
RELEASE Turn
TERMINATE 1
Output:


Docsity Simulation and Modeling Gpss

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Docsity Simulation and Modeling Gpss

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Simulation and modeling

Document shared on www.docsity.com

Document shared on www.docsity.com

Document shared on www.docsity.com

Document shared on www.docsity.com

Document shared on www.docsity.com

Document shared on www.docsity.com

Document shared on www.docsity.com

Document shared on www.docsity.com

Document shared on www.docsity.com

Document shared on www.docsity.com

Document shared on www.docsity.com

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen