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EXPLORATION
CONTENT
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY IN INDIA
APPLICATIONS
CONCLUSION
What is Geothermal Energy
1.Drilling
2.Geophysics
a) Seismology
b) Gravity
c) Resistivity and Magnetotelluries
3. Geochemistry
GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY IN
INDIA
PROSPECTS OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY IN INDIA
1. About 6.5% of electricity generation in the world is done by geothermal energy and
India can play an important role in the coming years in this direction.
2. Geological Survey of India has identified about 340 geothermal hot springs in the
country. Most of them are in the low surface temperature range from 37o C-90o C which
is suitable for direct heat applications.
4. A new location of geothermal power energy has also been found in Tattapani in
Chhattisgarh. Gujarat is set to tap geothermal electricity through resources which are
available in Cambay between Narmada and Tapi river.
5. India’s first geothermal plant to come up in Chhattisgarh. NTPC has already started
exploratory and preparatory work in this area. It has also started talks with Oil and
Natural Gas Corp and international organisations for drilling operation.
Current Projects in India
Geothermal Field Estimated (min.) reservoir Status
Temp (Approx)
Puga geothermal field 240̊C at 2000m From geochemical and deep geophysical
studies (MT)
Tattapani Sarguja 120̊C - 150̊C at 500 meter and Magnetotelluric survey done by NGRI
(Chhattisgarh) 200 Cat 2000 m
Tapoban Chamoli 100̊C at 430 meter Magnetotelluric survey done by NGRI
(Uttarakhand)
Cambay Garben (Gujrat) 160̊C at 1900 meter (From Oil Steam discharge was estimated 3000 cu
exploration borehole) meter/ day with high temprature gradient.
Dry Steam Plants: These were the first type of plants created. They use
underground steam to directly turn the turbines.
Flash Steam Plants
Flash Steam Plants: These are the most common plants. These systems pull deep, high
pressured hot water that reaches temperatures of 3600F or more to the surface. This
water is transported to low pressure chambers, and the resulting steam drives the
turbines. The remaining water and steam are then injected back into the source from
which they were taken
Binary Cycle Plants
Binary Cycle Plants: This system passes moderately hot geothermal water past a
liquid, usually an organic fluid, that has a lower boiling point. The resulting steam
from the organic liquid drives the turbines. This process does not produce any
emissions and the water temperature needed for the water is lower than that
needed in the Flash Steam Plants (2500F – 3600F).
Application of Geothermal energy
Farming
Advantages
1. Homegrown Energy.
2. Good alternative to fossil fuels.
3. Less gaseous emission.
4. Low maintainence.
5. Saves energy upto 50% in comparison to conventional
systems.
6. Independent of weather.
7. A sustainable source of energy.
Disadvantages
1. May cause Land Subsidence, this can lead to an increase in
seismic activity.
2. Can salinate the soil if the water is not injected back into the
reserve after the heat is extracted.
3. Can release H2S. This gas can cause problems if large
quantities escape because inhaling too much is fatal.
4. Geothermal Energy can not be easily transported.
Conclusion