WASHING MACHINE

A washing machine (laundry machine, clothes washer, or washer)

is a home appliance used to wash laundry. The term is mostly applied
to machines that use water as opposed to dry cleaning (which uses
alternative cleaning fluids, and is performed by specialist businesses)
or ultrasonic cleaners. The user adds laundry detergent, which is sold
in liquid or powder form, to the wash water.
Clothes washer technology developed as a way to reduce the manual
labor spent, providing an open basin or sealed container with paddles
or fingers to automatically agitate the clothing. The earliest machines
were hand-operated and constructed from wood, while later machines
made of metal permitted a fire to burn below the washtub, keeping the
water warm throughout the day's washing.
There are mechanical washing machines dating from the 17th
century.[2]
An early special-purpose mechanical washing device was
the washboard, invented in 1797 by Nathaniel Briggs of New
Hampshire, though there were predecessors.[3][4][5]
By the mid-1850s steam-driven commercial laundry machinery were on
sale in the UK and US.[6] Technological advances in machinery for
commercial and institutional washers proceeded faster than domestic
washer design for several decades, especially in the UK. In the United
States there was more emphasis on developing machines for washing
at home, though machines for commercial laundry services were widely
used in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[7] The rotary washing
machine was patented by Hamilton Smith in 1858.[5] As electricity was
not commonly available until at least 1930, some early washing
machines were operated by a low-speed, single-cylinder hit-and-
miss gasoline engine.
 PRINCIPLE
Washing machine works on the principle of both laws of physics namely
centripetal and centrifugal force. The machine works on 2 cycles wash cycle and
rinse cycle.

Wash cycle undergoes centrifugal force wherein the force goes from inside to
outside thoroughly making sure every cloth is soaked in soapy water, here water
with soap will undergo centrifugal force.

Rinse cycle is when centripetal force comes into action where force comes from
outside to inside to drain the soapy water and render water free zone inside thw
machine. This occurs by force between clothes and inside drum walls of the
washing machine.

TYPES OF WASHING MACHINE

There are two main types of washing machine working in
India. Here you see these two types of washing machine
everywhere, and the market is just flooded with the dozens of
brands and hundreds of products.

1. Semi-automatic washing machine

2. Fully automatic washing machine
The fully automatic washing machines are more convenient
and offer a great range of functionality. You get fully automatic
functions which carry out the washing without any manual
interference. They are a little more budget friendly, and you
spend a normal price to get actually purchase.

The semi-automatic is needed for your assistant to get the job

done. Here, you will have to pour in the water manually and
need to set up the timer, etc. Here we will explain the
functionality of both the washing machine

Semi Automatic Washing Machine Working

The Semi-automatic machines work entirely different. Here the
manual instructions are needed, and you need to be around
the washing machine when the process is taking out. You
cannot just go out and put the laundry in to handle the full
control to the machine. It will not click the next operation,
without external commands or instructions.

The cycles of washing are quite similar; the machine totally

depends on the manual input. You tell it each and every step
and instruct it exactly what to do. You put the water manually;
you just fill a tub and pour the water into the washing tub. The
machine never instructs you about the level of water, the way
we handle water in fully automatic machines.

After that, you put the detergent in the detergent box and put
your water. All instructions are given on the control panel. You
switch the pre-soak option. Soaking the clothes before the
actual washing cycle makes the stains weaker and you get
them washed away quite easily.

The next comes the washing type, you get different washing
types. In most of the semi-automatic washing machine, we see
three different washing types
1. Delicate
2. Normal
3. Hard
You can switch to any of the mentioned, and set the washing
period in minutes. The machine will complete the cycle in the
set time span and after that will require the next command line.

Here is a semi-automatic washing machine, you have the

choice of draining the dirty water or just use it once more. If
you are facing the water shortages, use the same water again.
The next comes the drying process. In semi-automatic
machines, we get a separate drying section.

You put the soaking water into the section, and use the spin to
dry the clothes completely. They do not dry out completely,
about 80% extracted from them. You need the drying line-up to
get the complete drying of the clothes.

Fully Automatic Washing Machine Working

The fully automatic machine holds two steel tubs inside. The
inner and outer tub, the inner tube has an agitator, with holes
perforated, which helps the drain water removed from the inner
tub the outer tub.

The fully automatic machine moves the clothes from one

direction the other directions from start to finish without any
external assistant. The working principle of a fully automatic
machine is quite impressive, and for a novice, it would be hard
to get the entire process.
The working includes washing, rinsing, spinning, and drying.
During each cycle, the machine releases the detergent what
we fill in before the carrying out the washing process. With
every cycle the machine fill-in the fresh water, and drained out
the dirty water.

The first cycle is known as the washing cycle when the

machine takes the detergent and cleans the clothes thoroughly
from moving one direction to the other direction. In the second
cycle, the soapy water is drained and fresh water is added,
which remove the soaps residue from the clothes. In the third
cycle, the fresh water added which removes the remaining
soaps from the clothes. The soapy water is then drained, the
machine movies quickly and remove all the water from the
clothes.

The laundry after that is taken out and we spread it on the

drying line-up for complete drying. In the complete process,
you are not required to manually assist the machine to carry
out any operation. In fact, you cannot make the machine to
stop and open the lid to add some more laundry, until the
machine itself complete the washing and drying.

Each cycle clicks over to the next automatically, that’s why we

call it a fully automatic machine, with advanced washing
functions. In fully automatic washing machines you can use
the hot water to wash and rinse. To get this, you will have to
push the button of the hot water, the hot rode starts heating
the water from the inside, and you get hot water ranging 55-90
degree centigrade.
 Fully automatic washing machines can further be divided into
two types.
1. Front Load Washing Machine
2. Top Load Washing Machine
Front Loading Working Principal
You get a front door to put the load into the drum. The drum
wash, rinse and spins the laundry. Here you see the different
working principle, the clothes are tossing from one direction to
the other, as the drum itself is moving. Most of the front-load
washing machine uses agitator washing style to wash and
rinse the clothes.

Top Loading Working Principal

In a top-loading washing machine, you load the washing
machine from the top. The drum here does not move from one
direction to the other, but the base of the machine rotates and
moves the clothes thoroughly. Here, the machine’s base takes
clockwise and anti-clockwise rotation, to fully wash the
dresses.

What are the advantages of high efficiency top load

washers?
Earlier washin g clothes was a very difficult task for everyone. But after

the evolution of washing machine, it has become very easier. It’s no

more luxurious now. It is considered as the part of the house and

 generally used everywhere. Here we are talking about the benefits of

using the washing machine.

 This machine is a time saver over hand washing of the clothes. it is automatic
that means you no need to sit and monitor the washing process. Just out your
clothes, start the machine and set the timer your task is done here.
 It comes along dryer that means at the same time your clothes will be dried to
which has made the complete work easier.
 This machine reduces the energy required to wash clothes. You set the timer
and put your clothes and detergent in then your clothes will be washed
properly. But with hand washing, you need to do the physical effort to clean
the clothes.
 These machines are available in a huge range of sizes as per your requirement.
If your house is bigger then you can prefer the big machines and if your house
is smaller then we suggest you to have a basic model washing machine which
is smaller in size.
 Any type of clothes can be washed in washing machine whether lighter clothes
or heavy clothes. It completely takes care of your clothes.
 These machines are easy to carry as these are small in size and movable too.
 It is cheaper and require very less maintenance and can be used without any
hassle for a longer time.
These benefits show that you must have a washing machine at your

tome make your life easier. But you need to take care of your machine

and take proper maintenance and washing machine repair service in

Indore from the well-known services center in order to avoid any

problem.

What are the disadvantages of a high efficiency top load

washer?
 1. High efficiency top load washers have longer wash cycles than
traditional top load washers.
2.
3. Clothes must be loaded properly to avoid tangling during the wash
cycle - they can't just be thrown into the tub.
4. They are not stackable appliances and therefore can take up more
space than front loaders.
5. They generally use a little more water than front loading machines.
6. High efficiency top load washers don't spin quite as fast compared to
front loading machines, requiring more time in the dryer. They do,
however, spin much faster than traditional top load machines.

THE MAIN PARTS TO YOUR WASHING

MACHINE
Agitator –In order to get the soil and dirt loosened from your
clothes, they need to be moved around, or agitated, in soapy
water. A washer has an agitator inside of the tub that performs
this task. It rotates continuously during the wash cycle, helping to
release the dirt from your clothes. When your clothes are
agitating, they are rubbing together, which also helps get them
clean.

Drain pipe – when the wash cycle is complete, the soapy, dirty
water needs to go somewhere, so the drain sends it away.

Motor – One of the most important parts of a washer is the

motor. It works with the agitator to produce the rotator motion
needed for washing and rinsing laundry. There are varying speeds
that are determined by the setting you choose when you start a
load of laundry. A heavy duty setting will use more agitation than
a cycle for delicates.
Printed Circuit Board (PCB) – All of the electrical components
and circuits of a washing machine are found here. While you can
choose the type of cycle you want depending on the laundry you
are doing, the PCB receives the information and sends the
message to the various paths to perform the function.

Programmer – When you wash a load of laundry, you refer to

the programmer found on the outside of the machine. This allows
you to set the water level, temperature and cycle type. The
programmer uses your choices to set the water valve, thermostat
and how long the cycles will last.

Tubs – When you open the washer, you’ll see two tubs – an inner
and an outer tub. The inner tub holds your laundry so that it can
be washed. The outer tub supports the inner tub during spin and
rinse cycles. A top loading machine has vertical tubs, while a front
loading washer has tubs that are mounted horizontally. They are
also called drums.

Water Inlet Control Valve – When you load clothes into the
washer, this control valve opens up to fill up the inner tub of the
machine. It is determined by the water level setting you choose
when you start a load of laundry. It is also called the solenoid
valve.

Water Pump - The water needs to be circulated through the

washing machine so the laundry can be cleaned and rinsed, so
that is the water pump’s job. It works to recirculate the water
during the wash cycle and then it drains the water during the spin
cycle.

Operating a washing machine is pretty simple:

 There are a few things to decide before you start your load of
clothes, such as how big the load is (small, medium, large, extra
large), what temperature the water will be for the wash and rinse
cycles (cold/cold, warm/cold, warm/warm, hot/cold), how the
machine should agitate (delicate, knit, permanent press, heavy),
and how long the cycles should last (number of minutes, based
on how soiled your clothes are).
 After you fill the tub with clothes, the machine fills the tub with
water, and then stirs the clothes around using an agitator.
 After some time agitating, the washer drains the water and then
spins the clothes to remove most of the water. Then, it refills, and
agitates the clothes some more to rinse out the soap. Then it
drains and spins again.