STAT-301 Probability and Statistics

BCSE-5 B an C
Fall Semester - 2019

Assignment No: 2 Due Date: 31st January 2019

Instructor: Lec Rana Khattak Distribution Date: 20th December 2019
Instructions :
1. Assignment is to be submitted in hardcopy form only. No softcopies would be accepted.
2. Submission time is first 5 minutes of lecture on due date.
3. Assignments submitted after due date/time, will NOT be accepted.
If two assignment solutions are found to be copied then negative marking will be done for both
students.

Question # 1
An integer is chosen at random from the first 200 positive integers. What is the probability that the
integer chosen is divible by 6 or 8?

Question # 2
A class in advanced physics is composed of 10 juniors, 30 seniors, and 10 graduate students. The final
grades show that 3 of the juniors, 10 of the seniors, and 5 of the graduate students received an A for the
course. If a student is chosen at random from this class and is found to have earned an A, what is the
probability that he or she is a senior?

Question # 3
A random sample of 200 adults are classified below by gender and their level of education attained.
Education Male Female
Elementary 38 45
Secondary 28 50
College 22 17

If a person is picked at random from this group, find the probability that
a) the person is a male, given that the person has a secondary education;
b) the person does not have a college degree, given that the person is a female.

Question # 4
In an experiment to study the relationship of hypertension and smoking habits, the following data are
collected for 180 individuals:
Non Smokers Moderate Smokers Heavy Smokers
H 21 36 30
NH 48 26 19

where H and NH in the table stand for Hypertension and Nonhypertension, respectively. If one of these
individuals is selected at random, find the probability that the person is
 a) experiencing hypertension, given that the person is a heavy smoker;
b) a nonsmoker, given that the person is experiencing no hypertension

Question # 5
Your neighbor has 2 children. You learn that he has a son, Joe. What is the probability that Joe’s sibling is
a brother?

Question # 6
The home appliance store reports that The ratios of washing machines sold by brands General Electric,
Maytag, and Whirlpool are 4 : 3 : 3.
• Only 2% of Whirlpool machines are returned due to defects.
• Twenty percent of all machines returned are Maytag.
• The numbers of General Electric machines and Whirlpool machines returned are the same.
Given that information determine
a) What percentage of machines sold are returned due to defects?
b) Which brand is more reliable? Is reliability independent of brand?

Question # 7
Suppose that Bob can decide to go to work by one of three modes of transportation, car, bus, or
commuter train. Because of high traffic, if he decides to go by car, there is a 50% chance he will be late.
If he goes by bus, which has special reserved lanes but is sometimes overcrowded, the probability of
being late is only 20%. The commuter train is almost never late, with a probability of only 1%, but is
more expensive than the bus.
a) Suppose that Bob is late one day, and his boss wishes to estimate the probability that he drove
to work that day by car. Since he does not know which mode of transportation Bob usually uses,
he gives a prior probability of 1/3 to each of the three possibilities. What is the boss’ estimate
of the probability that Bob drove to work?
b) Suppose that a coworker of Bob’s knows that he almost always takes the commuter train to
work, never takes the bus, but sometimes, 10% of the time, takes the car. What is the
coworkers probability that Bob drove to work that day, given that he was late?

Question # 8
For the following probability mass functions show whether they are valid distributions or not. Explain
why they are or not:
a) f(1) = 0.2, f(2) = 0.4, f(3) = -0.1, f(4) = 0.5
b) f(0) = 0.2, f(1) = 0.3, f(2) = 0.3, f(3) = 0.1
c) f(x) = 1/20 ( x^2 + 4) for 4 ≥ x ≥ 0

Question # 9

Two dice are tossed and we let X be the difference in the number of dots facing up.
Find and plot the pdf of X.

Question # 10

Let X be a random variable with the following probability distribution. Find the mean of X.
 X -2 3 5
f(X) 0.3 0.2 0.5

Question # 11
An employee is selected from a staff of 10 to supervise a certain project by selecting a tag at
random from a box containing 10 tags numbered from 1 to 10. Find the formula for the
probability distribution of X representing the number on the tag that, is drawn. What is the
probability that the number drawn is less than 4? Find the mean.

Question # 12
Heat must be removed from a system according to how fast it is generated. Suppose the
system has eight components each of which is active with probability 0.25, independently
of the others. The design of the heat removal system requires finding the probabilities of
the following events:
(a) None of the components is active.
(b) Exactly one is active.
(c) More than four are active.

Question # 13
Let X be a Binomial Random variable which is the number of heads in three tosses of a fair coin.
Find VAR[X].