BUSY a Ur 2 : wh | gowe Mek ofa) = fatos3} aveah Ts 0 Sell wit sespect ro ondinan»\ addr and mnt lrcdioy, o& numleos sii ek Wy. t €@(F) so shox VT OMATL, We A2td232, > ashds de lene Cypwes gba 5 Gace GC WIS = (Og) Lo bo EF > AFT? cahene a\+Xe = , Me Y= Carag tebib2) + Carbs + oebs) 12 = Eta yy When C2 AiAr2} Lhivg® EO, anol b=Abe tach, €@ AddAfon GY awk maltyplication (+0 Nurobens Ore Oy openctiors 20 ino Wry + Cute) + (orb, ) IS = (ag+ay) + (by+b1) » (arte) +(a.+b,55) oytt 95 Adon 23 Commutative . Orgdt= Cor artas)+(oyboe+bI IS arc W¥ (344) = hag 408) + (by-rberb 3) 2 _ = Osy)42 (gt 2) Add tian 25 ASteciad Sue ; fd 0€@ ux eve O75 0 Calla} % Pot VO eh ROVE @(sa\ => ccol ya] #3 Lo geno a arb, sz € @[IZ) Ve hove eee SESE arene7 > [oe (), +3 °% 0 Gommudsive group We = Cayo 33). Cartes 2)- (ayag+ 2b») + Cayboraeb,) I, - (ara. +2bab,) Hlarbit bea) EB yay Maliielcction % commutative. (4).2 = (aaP ebb, +aba pany JS): (as4>553) = Gi®rast 2bib,bsteaibybs +2A5b,b3) + Corda bs+2bibabs+ Aiasby +ar05b,) Je (3-2) =a, 40158) (2:0,+2b,b,+8rbghasb, S *Giar09 200263 Fra, bibs +2a3biby) + (arb 54 Qasby Haragby + 2dr debs) IF © Goyd-2 = tC) D> Mb oliation %8 ovPeciafive + (312): (a. +b232) (Apyag + baths SS) > (0,240,934 2b1b5) F Carb Harbs + abr +ab)) P ~‘ ® 398 Ord WS ME (0.0. +2 bbe +0ib; Farb, SB) T(ROSFAL, by + bad) : Caja, 42b\b2 + Aya 2b, 3) + (a\bo+aybyt Abst ab.) 8 Ke Cg h2) VQ A SD Psindues yg * Mee Hence (6{54),+,°2%8 @ savq | Veto Sa C@fya) 90 Wok K+)? (Carvo.T2) (4058, =¥ Vieale) of R %3 a Commubedive airy Ori unity element oo ck 3Pot aA. (Tee )\ ba an re oe have jo proveUAV PANE WV - vet ayeste @[ya\ ard ato AbsFo me dee ae alot Atbye et ona Coa Sace dato %\ ate@\) bo a A bew = A = 3) > oat } Qua 4 Po Orbye +0 eo 2) Rene eviiss3 . ( a ae \e eoe\ such Wot oa awe a ob _— =. 3 ore (Fag > (Spsh )2) +052 2 Ever on —2eno Aoment of [ya] *5 Fmekivhe ence 6(S2) 78 0 Rebel a yp @e , 1B Shao Wor A Brive Aeteaseh domain 73 a Feld Pd pret ee oars ay y= be all He elome m3 of We Awhegrah — domain D »R Aen > Yes nro choments cohich 4s Rte. : Qotegral — dowdion De a coramutakive aig Wit, tanh ord hastrg TO BERO visas So, We rave 40 poove He ery non — 270 element o& D hors mulRolicakue Inverse “ YD. ee AeD and AE? Ar, ne Rowe (oneden ake mH products Baer ent. BE gosstohe , Sugpose Pot oaz> oa5 Fal ies wt oe ne eeYaverhSe ay, aa, 1 O%z,- -- 90m OC Gayv) dis¥ack elements a O. Sace Dp ba» no Reno dws | Nove od Were (ny)) elomems % Beno doment Hence , by counthys 5 Q\ , 00, ,AQ_, ~~ -- An one We (in +s) ebermenB VO, Or, - 7 Am AM BOME andes a) Gap Ol Gey cl RR Some i. FR afc EH Woo evsh beasep Such spedabey | Dako cy bas maipliahe Sverre to p J ey ® o yo Reb 25 @e on Yolegach domain ook goove Pak evemy Fel % an Areal domain. Be % erovg!n we prove Pod Rede % Pow Bemo ANd. (7) Ley ab 20 ork aso f7 ave 0 => a “cov) = a). => (oradv= °- =) \o 20? =) bso eos ato 0-0 @) Lek 0 Lob +6 | yd »b bo. , 20.6 Bool con 2 aloo ~ o => also => azo Ob-=c56 ard Sw bFO— 220. ¢ a Cc AFSS 2 wor EMO avvisity conceit) se An 0 Reegen © y Ler “R' % a arg, ond a,b,c ER. OY ob sacs b=C — figae® Left ABtaroatve Gaal e a Ho bee Cagqn akersvove Yas) ke n> Wot — a aga “g! Fas 10 Zeno Kvisdy of Bord ond 7 Re cgeceletion dass bells to R. Be aby PEK '~ [ek Bing R? Te who Bere cvisdNs'— ley a,b, CER ord a FO, WF) Gs ac mp ab—oc "9° > ated =0 E> o —- (2. ®% Rou Zeno Avisdd and ® oto Sb-679) 4 7) bO=Co => ba-coso. = (b-daso =? b-C=6 C= 0 #0) => bee comncetakion ows are tue An @. et Gccelllafon (oes ore taud An RD we Your Xo grow Fab og a5 Rat Beno dNedS, Ler RS UM Bemo AisdS Ce HR, b0 fe, ARO, b+O0 =) ab =0 . ao 20. Ab -arc. @b 2 ao. => veo. Los Licey Thy %S rot possipje becaus® vo. “OWL O8Sux0p Hon Rok R' % wie, Ber Hed's fs wena“foek ere chanaclentste of a sing. Prove Rod, Pe Prbesactestsr BOO Coon Beant coe aco oP Crosactestse® 8 a shag - gy ter “R) S a sGey ond AER ZR Reta ewcshy + Pose Fntegens such Hot nazo, V aeg Ron 1 76 Calleh Chovackesis#es of RB! Noles \ no RB. Chosackesesyc of REY Hnazo,Vaek the chesactesustic oF sins of Wwieagms =0. Closactenksize oR RooSean irg, coal SPO ateg Bi BW aa, F AaB Hen clesaclestse of RIS 2: groog '- -p' 2 Q Boolean aby lek GQeER- eam Tor again AER DAPODR. = (ayay = OFX - > Cara (aya)? (ara) | 2 (yo) Carsat) = (ava) . =) Car) ¥ (ata) = (ara) +0 - aa OFA = @ (0% addttve a Qa 20 Fdensits J : charactes®Se 02 Qoodearn Rigg a Leg 5 Q, Cveasy}' Gy gine menor : eT ne ites) @ Pack” “9° % a “Boolean mrg a i ver (Rr, 7) % soteqral domaty ancl a(+o) ERR 22 Ofa)z0 Yer clonactentstie oF R»P C0) we Voue bw pore Pat “p' % a Pate OUMmbeTT Veh 9 % Tot A paime durmbe Tene — euislS too AotegenS m 0 Such thot Qemn ork MAP, NEP. The ag VER ver aA GROVER > KER ~ Coy c.?) > par-0 Cre 25. chostactentsticug > wn (o)=0 oF =) mnCa-a) =0 Pry 2 M(Na)a=6 > Mana =o >) (9)(no) 20 =) Ben ma:o B)nazq (’ ® wthouk on wr Me =0 decay) (moe =o, ¥ YER. > lam)r-9 Cur, Hosur spropeadty) = al=0% CV by erelfon property) - Domo MW LER Cr ae a #2) Rue > MO 85 chasackestske of Revregvah domain R We, % roy gosrtle becawe me P “ma #90 Mo +0 Serlasky we ao Pre Pos ae coy porone nucnbern 2s +043 assump¥on at ” Pp wrod,DeFne heals. show War a Seld ie only GY Pe els Joh and F & Neel. ERE Yok Gees) eR Subset of RQ, Warveu, Vewenw @) ma Cur “ypreRaeu Ben ul is cabled (eh seca oR ek RR % a Rig ark “US 75. subse of OR - oe a) a-e Eur wWa,b EX @ anwa eu, TER ,al4 Wer U3 colt = Pdeal of “R Les OR we a Kel chan’ 4 fo} ord F ore TWeals of R- | A e' ye an Adea@ol OR. wr suggose «A A Joh AB % a mo Beno Adeot g Sole A+ Jol D Jo#ac A AEA, ACR OHACR OT OFAEFR= 4aI>5e5a0' = alas e @ ofA ,a*eR= oatrearied J. OAR. Gok ork R no A ovbs Adewls o& Qcearks PB a comemyly vseser v7 x lek Wh eA: Yep DY tam, ,wree KER YEA D> Y tae whee ER, HY D AW, = O59 = atay-N2t4A : GE yee AY Yee LEA TER. WEA =h2 95) whee we® 5 =e a(ADPCRA wed J 4 = Camry re 2 bE B th fe a, vER we HED : adel of RB’ “A 2s an ® Wow a-al EA. ofach DA % O ro en raked \eRDIEA=\V sab, wrere be ® ab =bac-t>>v 4s % end plicalive oh a WO RK Lo Paaen couhZeadve revere WK a ea Ad A>NEHBL S_ ate oo Sab gs of song Q prone for SG te also Sub- aia 7¥e 2 0 xing ownroh S\ , Sp ae ‘eo Wot $, €Se 8 39S sup 8 mang o8 RI — 3 ky V5 ape 6, 6 So O S2 ES,WEA er8s ar elorenr a €5, and ees on element b €5e arol => A,v€ S& US, 2 are € SUS, 6S, US2 Sub ary) > aybE Sy (DB) ot ©& 5, aes: ond S, Ys a Sub ating Row atb es, > arb, -aqes, —a+ Capbyes, Ce by cP) =) Caro +0 € Si Cr by AP) = ar+veé Ss, > bess We %s nor possible because b ¢ 5, Als arb €52.,b C5 awd b9 % => atb,-b € $2 =) GOO beo com = (Gm ee) OC (are eS ee = ato eS. =? Q ES) Sub © 2ivg So % Sub amg) TWH 2% not posse pecase a ES, _ . ; oun wasumpion ot S\ FS. GO) 52 £5 IS Sense) oe ot => HVS, % 55 CS, >> Sve vitg (52 & Sub 7g)i) 3B. BE Uy U2 ae roo ‘dels oF 0 my FR or Urde =Sxyy/eeur, yeteh 2% alec an ” deal of R . psa! GRuen ok Ri % a ng and Ui Uy Of pos deals OF a akcq “R! aloo aye = furs) wets eus). ~~ Bie woe Yave to prove Pot UtUa% ‘deat of R, led ab eur Usard GaWysMi beet 42 Meme, Wiohe GU, avd Sita OW) o-b = Cats) - G24s.) = (ke) 4 05-2) o GU: J pat WV ae havea, = Oats Cod abn E41 Ord 46% deo Ce UWL DWH LEU, Si sho ute arch Up As Ydeaf @ lek a © Uy4%zq od eNteloee ed Side Gur) ans Ore: PWT HHT: fe €UjyUe SERV, EU ord VY 38 Beal SD FEU, SER Y, Cry andy % Real => 4, se Uy) U, FU. % a deal of KR, The 303 of ‘deo aiogs CODY areh of % His oo pring pst goes Zz oF © Awregers Alans we Con Poe at Wa EU, FUg ay % pakeetode a) Fdeot ue Yoo Rak CZ, Fe) 2s ORG ler wu 7% on 3deal of Z.- com -G) lek Ve 40>:- But 2deol cor 28 perder sdelwCaxe 8) vk OF (U,+) 35 ' a 2, Subpoup of 2 Saeus-aly Wr oe. Les Uy % ae cA OF all tre Zotegens are bBo Yeast ane Sovegere 2q Uy we Ynow prove Bab Us | lev YEU | Wb EU Also by ddston algoa?Bm 3% exer Wee, 7 ms. @ oud Woe ° ye ab 1 i Wee Bs O (BYE w- Yeu -) TEU eb 23 Or posstble because “py % We Yeast pe Aovegen - eu anol UW 5S an Fdeol Cl) BY 2 QbswD T= ¥- 4b) 6 Pen N= ab. ye 7e a= 2b> > vo we partacighe deat B Koy Weak oF “BH BX prune Weal On, _ ma? 9,0, Dh 9 _9 WessoS PHEVO — PayeOs wr x1) Alera ag Ok 2: QAR’ 3S sky, homomoaghisn Ken 5D show Pot Yen & % on Veal 2 R.W 2 ken P- Te ER, Fla) 204 | f(o)259 DS O€ kenF. |. eng’ % non ergtyy subseh o& BR 48, | Les ayo € ben | ae Kenk = FC@)>0 wb € KenP =| $Q)=06 Sla.%) -6 | f(a) ~Flv)20-0 = Loy Plas) 20 A-VE KOE 2 ee Ofc ee een a | ac Kerk = FCV=0 | | Sas) = $ta- Fla) | > oF) | 20° Sa) > 8) $@) | > S(D)+0 a =O: #(05)-0,° (na) 6. Dm, an € ken £ on Ken’ % an fdel of R. pox GB Fine Kennel 6% ska hemoemosiphism . ler Fr Q—sW is a Foro Priam Wen Free /¥Cu)=o'4 real %5 collad keanel of “g' A % denoted by ken $ (a) TY) ty ue De con BED4 sige a srryre, vrs CASHAES EH oe We grove Wok [wa. Tb v cso (8) {grad a e gaad grad \ =6, sof Give WS O =V4yt T be yy CANA YEHE. Since grad d + ee 338 Fe S TE uw. god az Tan Faye 3 y FS Gry sO+$h Curgtbs a Gos). (s0r0 + Zlo4itoy E (o+041) y db - or Sy * * oe a. e Ok oy pee) ae aay +2) 2 (zrv040) +9 Fe aayrd) at & + (or? + 2t) > ne LUG A HAE 2 ae Jrad os doe Age 436 >* ot 23 o3 Ba Se+2y 2 Ayrses t) S55 Qysd et Br 2g 08S ‘ F (5s FBS Or Dre (gy sty LiW.s = (‘a>04 a Grd bv grade] > ( or. 2b eo7 6\ \ 1 \ oe aM 7y Lr (32) (442) GAS) > ay (2s (sdw- 2t A+ ®)| -Bl a Cyyn)= 2 2612) He [axcre - 2acyiD) 2 [ ayy esh= 224-927] Fila X= 2IE~ a 8 fax ONE = 2sast), 1 phe aphgB aby oy agh 120 2 ge - 2.6 osf | ~ 0 = RS 6. 2 Fs goad CPW 2 BUT) Wen fink AWE. — cunt Pe Gaver qpath p= good fare a Pang) > v[e Pape 2 SZ), > (Bx-302)F + (ey=B)5+ (r*—axt) Ne (79 659 +) (6y% 3437 (32>s(x 333) + Sl3s- ara +e (3z uy) ° = ELF bSSSE ie Cum ee XE \ 3 3 © ee ee a fone 3D ae Cxaye) (ag=312) (= 3%)) > WeCRage) “7g fee-e) - Bd wv2)) “BR xn), 2. onal 2 Cay SBN) 9, (3x 23) [eae fas +aei\ +e (-32 + 32/ B Jo ® eros © Vrms whee Fa Ts (MEM Soe ¢ ! vn 0 ,0)0) to (21,5) ” along sioner Ure ©) Som f sol @ even P= av 3+ CXQ- Dor TE D> rTLAZH Be os aD = Avey dy, + az FO Bors auegyT 42k) NTs 4%48. Vere song Bom (2,0,0) 40 (2, 13) Gwe hat ¢ Mee 2 Bed 2 By i Woke ye j-3> Q)-t2 BS OR ean NERO 2-0 e©-2 ony a-3 A. S32 Bie Say AW > B+ B+ (sas) y= - 2 york, Ee oe wea2t, 42> bt, Be BB Av = Bat AY= AL, ae > dt loveole NES senso Me), 24 WL Fda? s(aty eat + [er e)-t) at : 4. Be Bot a = aurat VGekeeyat + wee = 2Ut db pledge tak tat a 2 g6f dt aot dt: Vea - Bet ak + BL.At Wem) Pes ‘ - ‘ ee yee” fae bey ° 4 2 \e lyre) -93 * eee JP dar whee Far Ty y8F ond c ts Kh cuswe Ya yak Bom P (0,0) bb & C1) SI Given Bok Faw TE YT vet > eT HAE tte da = dvF + des HAE Eda = Vane god y. Given Yat “e° 75 the Come YX Prom PC,0) | & a1) : Yaw dy = 2%dK | Eda e vary GD 2-dn evary an Ak ay dn ew dx ; » (yr¥ are}cu - \ J Fea © SGA a8 aM - Ve ae D oy Greg tie ae > ay, Pee (0d rie SBVLE P= aMtabazecte and a,b,c Ox conckn} Show Pot J F.nas > AO fato+c) where . 5 ‘ % 42o Swhace of yPe writs sphone we have to show Wot “g! JF. wads: Hay Carbo $ Bven ata Pot ) Feat yoysyoze, 5 We) ow Fs AR ,OF2 OFS Ou 34 ot = arbtyc. Given Sphere. : Moye? a1. By Gaus divergence tbeovers . \ F. Nas = av Fav Ss . S@ror c) av v = Correse)¥ = (axb+c) Ass > (atetc) ta (ay? * (orbs) ty = fp lato+ ©. (a)10 Evduate —§ Ady—3dv) areved Re ciocle “c' ee whene c, “o5, eye! 1 By Geers Teonern [Pant andy - SER BP aay ver P23, o=* ae. .-y, 3 = 3S Ex J vay -$ 9 de =I 0 oy \aedy. = a{Sdidy=a[area of He since) sar AS 23 :av AM ce pe Be arg OF Aehegemn onl 2 & seh SK een Aiegema qn which add ion 73 same og Rot of — Anregen, — andh ouhilicatin Pe) x defired b3 oF 2 BL Jw a,bER. Sof 2 ¥ (R4n) 28 an abelian gnouP lee Wit ER Orgy? 2 OS)te wt (32) ok % assocrabive an RQ Ps. + uw YY