Shri Vile Parle Kelvani Mandal’s

DWARKADAS J. SANGHVI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(Approved by AICTE and Affiliated to the University of Mumbai)
Electronics & Telecommunication

SYNOPSIS

Project Title: Light Fidelity based Data Transmission

Area Of Project: Li-Fi Transmission and Reception, Embedded Systems

Division: BE EXTC 2

Group Members:

Sr. Name SAP ID Contact Number

No.
1 Kalp Shah 60002150103 9324092990
2 Henish Shah 60002150102 9870654704
3 Dharmil Shah 60002150101 8976296441
4 Viraj Savaliya 60002150085 9594813863

Faculty Guide:- Prof. Poonam Kadam

PROJECT OBJECTIVE
To develop a Li-Fi based system which can transmit and receive data using light as the medium of
communication.

SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Li-Fi is no longer a concept or an idea but a proven technology, albeit still at its infancy. Already, several
experts in the field of communication have attested that Li-Fi technology would soon become a standard
adjunct to Wi-Fi. That is, until its inherent limitations could be overcome. Since it is light-based, its major
drawback is that it won’t be able to penetrate solid objects such as walls. But despite its drawbacks,
researchers all over the world have been going all-out in further developing this new technology. Still the
work could help make Li-Fi a success.

Parameter Wi-Fi Li-Fi

Frequency 2.4 GHz-5 GHz No frequency spectrum

required

Range 100 meters Based on light

Data Transfer Rate 150Mbps >1 Gbps

Cost Medium Low

Security Medium Secure Highly Secure

Operating Band RF Band Visible Light Band

Comparison of Li-fi and Wi-fi

ADVANTAGES
1. Li-Fi solves the problem of radio frequency congestion.
2. Visible light has a very large spectrum.
3. Visible light is safe for humans,
4. Very high data rates.
5. Since light cannot penetrate walls Li-Fi is secure. It provides better security as compared to Wi-Fi.
6. Li-Fi can be used in places where radio frequency communication fails.
7. Li-Fi has lower cost of implementation and lower cost of maintenance.
8. LED is smaller in size than the conventional antenna.
DISADVANTAGES
1. Li-Fi requires line of sight.
2. If the intensity of an external source of illumination such as sun is greater than the intensity of the
transmitting LED array then the data to be transmitted is washed out.
3. The receiver cannot transmit back or provide feedback to the transmitter.

METHODOLOGY
Li-Fi and Wi-Fi are quite similar as both transmit data electromagnetically. However, Wi-Fi uses radio
waves while Li-Fi runs on visible light. As we now know, Li-Fi is a Visible Light Communications (VLC)
system. This means that it accommodates a photo-detector to receive light signals and a signal processing
element to convert the data into 'stream-able' content. An LED light bulb is a semi-conductor light source
meaning that the constant current of electricity supplied to an LED light bulb can be dipped and dimmed, up
and down at extremely high speeds, without being visible to the human eye.

LED and photodiode are the major components of Li-Fi circuitry. Micro controller is used in the circuit for
coding of the serial data signal into voltage input to the led array. Li-Fi is typically implemented using white
LED light bulbs at the downlink transmitter. LED’s are normally used for illumination only by applying a
constant current. However, by rapid and continuous variations of the current, its output can be flickered at
very high speeds. This very property of LED’s is used in Li-Fi setup. The basic principle of operation is very
simple, for example data is fed into an LED light bulb (with signal processing technology), it then sends data
(embedded in its beam) at rapid speeds to the photo-detector (photodiode) if the LED is on, you transmit a
digital 1, if it’s off you transmit a 0. The tiny changes in the rapid dimming of LED bulbs is then converted
by the 'receiver' into electrical signal. The signal is then converted back into a binary data stream that we
would recognize as web, video and audio applications that run on internet enables devices.

SCHEMATIC / BLOCK DIAGRAM

BUDGET
Component No. of units Price per unit (in Rs.) Total price (in Rs.)
Microcontroller 2 2000 4000
LASER 1 5000 5000
USB cord 2 200 400
Photo-detector 1 200 200
Miscellaneous NA NA 400
TOTAL=10,000

References:
http://purelifi.com/technology/

https://github.com/cwalk/LiFi-Music

http://www.academia.edu/21856295/Wireless_Communication_using_Li-Fi_Technology

http://www.gizmag.com/li-fi-wireless-technology/32968

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li-Fi

https://technozip.wordpress.com/technology/li-fitechnology

http://heavy.com/tech/2016/11/lifi-li-fi-technology-light-fidelity-how-it-works-price-speed-router-lifi-vs-
wifi-products/