FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM

Passive Fire Protection System

Introduction

Passive fire protection system (PFP) systems are a group of system that are inert at normal
circumstances but plays an important role during fire to ensure the protection of occupants even
in the event of failure of the active system. Passive fire protection begins at the designing stage
of construction project. Passive fire protection measures are those that control the likelihood of
ignition and fire growth and spread through material control or by providing physical barriers to
the movement of flame or smoke. It is most often fixed in the walls, floors, ceilings, beams,
columns, and shaft enclosures that are built to a prescribed fire resistance rating.

Purpose of passive fire protection:

 Providing enough time and safe evacuation routes for occupant in case of fire
 Maintains structural integrity under fire for sufficient amount of time
 Protect building properties from damage
 Prevent spread of fire to adjacent building

PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM

FIRE FIGHTING ACCESS PASSIVE CONTAINMENT EVACUATION ROUTE &

ASSEMBLY POINT

Fire lobby, fire staircase, fire Compartmentation Evacuation route

lift, fire appliance
C access

Staircase and lobby enclosure Assembly points

Structural protection Emergency exit signs

Fire Fighting Access
The purpose of fire fighting access is to enable the firefighters to access the building from the
outside and get to put out fire efficiently in time. A proper fire fighting access will provide
firefighters with a clear, legible pathway equipped with different fire fighting equipment to carry
out fire fighting operations on different level of the building.

UBBL Requirements
Fire appliance access – Clause 140 (2013)

Volume of building in cubic metre Minimum proportion of perimeter of

building
7000 to 28000 One-sixth
28000 to 56000 One-fourth
56000 to 84000 One-half
84000 to 11200 Three-fourth
112000 and above Island site

According to UBBL, The National Visual Arts Gallery of Malaysia which is a building of 52000
cubic metre should have at least one-forth of its perimeter in contact with the street, of which it
complied.

Fire Fighting Shaft

The fire fighting shaft provides the general traffic of the floor and also provides an adequate
equipment and space for fire-fighting operations. The shaft is also provided to avoid occupants
to travel over 45m to the safe point, also provides first aid equipment to fire along the way.

Fire Lobby
The main fire lobby is pressurized and protected with fire-rated doors to prevent ingress of
smoke. It provides access from a firefighting stair to accommodation area equipped with fire
mains and to the firefighting lift. Travelling between fire fighting stair to fire fighting equipment,