CONTENTS

Page No.

Declaration ...................................................................................................................................... i

Certificate ....................................................................................................................................... ii

Acknowledgement .......................................................................................................................... iii

Abstract...........................................................................................................................................iv

Contents ........................................................................................................................................... v

List of Figures.............................................................................................................................. viii

List of Tables ................................................................................................................................... x

Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................................xi

1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................1-9

1.1 General ......................................................................................................................................1

1.2 Principle ....................................................................................................................................2

1.3 Index of Refraction ...................................................................................................................2

1.4 Total Internal Reflection ...........................................................................................................3

1.5 Optical Fiber .............................................................................................................................5

1.6 Objectives .................................................................................................................................7

1.7 Usage of Translucent Concrete blocks .....................................................................................7

1.8 Disadvantages ...........................................................................................................................9

1.9 Few Major Examples ................................................................................................................9

2. LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................. 10-17

2.1 Literature Study .....................................................................................................................10

2.2 Problem Formulation .............................................................................................................17

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3. MATERIALS AND MIX DESIGN ................................................................................. 18-28

3.1 Ordinary Portland Cement ......................................................................................................18

3.1.1 Chemical Composition ................................................................................................... 18

3.1.2 Tests on Cement ............................................................................................................. 20

3.2 Aggregates ...............................................................................................................................23

3.2.1 Fine Aggregates ............................................................................................................. 23

3.2.2 Coarse Aggregates ......................................................................................................... 24

3.3 Optical Fibre ............................................................................................................................24

3.4 Design Mix of Concrete .........................................................................................................25

3.5 Manufacturing Process ...........................................................................................................28

4. TEST METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................ 29-37

4.1 Test for Compressive Strength ................................................................................................29

4.1.1 Purpose ........................................................................................................................... 29

4.1.2 Making of test Specimen................................................................................................ 29

4.1.3 Apparatus ....................................................................................................................... 30

4.1.4 Preparation of Cube ....................................................................................................... 30

4.1.5 Test Procedure................................................................................................................ 32

4.2 Test for Flexural Strength ........................................................................................................33

4.2.1 Apparatus ....................................................................................................................... 33

4.2.2 Flexural Test Mechine ................................................................................................... 33

4.2.3 Casting ........................................................................................................................... 34

4.2.4 Table Vibrator ................................................................................................................ 34

4.2.5 Curing ............................................................................................................................ 35

4.2.6 Test Procedure................................................................................................................ 35

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4.3 Light Transmission Test ..........................................................................................................36

4.3.1 Apparatus ....................................................................................................................... 36

4.3.2 Test Procedure................................................................................................................ 36

4.4 Workability test ......................................................................................................................37

4.4.1 Test Procedure................................................................................................................ 37

4.4.2 Preparation of Concrete ................................................................................................. 37

4.5 Cost Analysis ...........................................................................................................................37

5. RESULTS .......................................................................................................................... 38-47

5.1 Compressive Strength Test ......................................................................................................38

5.2 Flexural Strength Test .............................................................................................................43

5.3 Workability Test ......................................................................................................................46

5.4 Light Transmission Test ..........................................................................................................46

5.5 Cost Analysis ...........................................................................................................................47

6. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE ........................................................................ 48-49

6.1 General ....................................................................................................................................48

6.2 Conclusion ...............................................................................................................................48
6.3 Future Scope ............................................................................................................................49

7. REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 50-51

References .....................................................................................................................................50

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1: Principle of Optical Fibre ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 2

Figure 1.2: Total Internal Reflection ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

Figure 1.3: Light Transmission through POF ------------------------------------------------------------- 4

Figure 1.4: Optical Fiber bush ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

Figure 1.5: Internal View of POF --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

Figure 1.6: Translucent Concrete Decors ------------------------------------------------------------------ 8

Figure 1.7: Day and Night view of Gate ------------------------------------------------------------------- 9

Figure 1.8: European Gate ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9

Figure 3.1: Optical Fibre ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24

Figure 4.1: Compressive strength Testing Machine………………...…………………………...29

Figure 4.2: POF Frame ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30

Figure 4.3: POF Oriented in Mould ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 30

Figure 4.4: Pictorial View of Mould (6x6) -------------------------------------------------------------- 31

Figure 4.5: Pictorial view of mould (5x5) --------------------------------------------------------------- 31

Figure 4.6: Casted Translucent Concrete ---------------------------------------------------------------- 32

Figure 4.7:Beam Specimen For Flexural Test ---------------------------------------------------------- 33

Figure 4.8:Four Point Loading ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 34

Figure 4.9:Table Vibrator ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35

Figure 4.10:Curing Tank ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35

Figure 4.11: Lux Meter ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36

Figure 5.1: Graph Showing Compressive Strength Test Results After 7 Days -------------------- 38

Figure 5.2: Graph Showing Compressive Strength Test Results After 14 Days ------------------ 39

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Figure 5.3: Graph Showing Compressive Strength Test Results After 28 Days ------------------ 40

Figure 5.4: Comparison Between Different Loading After 7-Days for 0.2mm -------------------- 41

Figure 5.5: Comparison Between Different Loading After 7-Days for 0.5mm -------------------- 41

Figure 5.6: Comparison Between Different Loading After 14-Days for 0.2mm ------------------- 41

Figure 5.7: Comparison Between Different Loading After 14-Days for 0.5mm ------------------- 41

Figure 5.8: Comparison Between Different Loading After 28-Days for 0.2mm ------------------- 42

Figure 5.9: Comparison Between Different Loading After 28-Days for 0.5mm ------------------- 42

Figure 5.10: Graph Showing Flexural Strength Test Results After 7 Days ------------------------- 43

Figure 5.11: Graph Showing Flexural Strength Test Results After 14 Days ----------------------- 44

Figure 5.12: Graph Showing Flexural Strength Test Results After 28 Days ----------------------- 45

Figure 5.13: Lux Reading Using Artificial Light ------------------------------------------------------- 46

Figure 5.14: Lux Reading Using Sunlight -------------------------------------------------------------- 46

Figure 5.15: Cost Analysis for Pellucid Concrete (M20) ---------------------------------------------- 47

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 LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1: Chemical Composition Of Cement ............................................................................. 19

Table 3.2: Bogue’s Compounds .................................................................................................... 19

Table 3.3: Properties Of OPC 43 Grade. ...................................................................................... 22

Table 3.4: Sieve Analysis of fine aggregates ................................................................................ 23

Table 3.5: Physical Properties of fine aggregates Natural Sand ................................................... 23

Table 3.6: Properties Of Coarse Aggregates................................................................................. 24

Table 3.7: Optical Fibre Percentage Used..................................................................................... 25

Table 3.8: Nominal Size As Per IS 10262:2009 ........................................................................... 27

Table 3.9: Mix Design .................................................................................................................. 27

Table 5.1: Compressive Strength Test Results After 7th Day ...................................................... 38

Table 5.2: Compressive Strength Test Results After 14th Day .................................................... 39

Table 5.3: Compressive Strength Test Results After 28th Day .................................................... 40

Table 5.4: Flexural Strength Test Results After 7th Day .............................................................. 43

Table 5.5: Flexural Strength Test Results After 14th Day............................................................ 44

Table 5.6: Flexural Strength Test Results After 28th Day............................................................ 45

Table 5.7: Result Obtained by Workability Test .......................................................................... 46

Table 5.8: Light Transmission Test .............................................................................................. 46

Table 5.9: Cost Analysis ............................................................................................................... 47

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 ABBREVIATIONS

POF: Plastic Optical Fiber

RI: Refractive Index

OPC: Ordinary Portland Cement

W/C: Water Cement Ratio

TIR: Total Internal Reflection

CTM: Compression Testing Machine

UTM: Universal Testing Machine

fck: compressive strength in MPa.

P: Load in Newton.

A: Area of the specimen in mm2.

fr: Flexural tensile strength of the specimen in MPa.

ft : Splitting tensile strength of the specimen in MPa.

D: measured diameter of the specimen in mm, and

L: measured length of the specimen in mm.

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