Instructional Design

Of CPD Seminar on

Structural Engineering
Seismic Qualification, Economics of Rehabilitation and
Retrofit of Medium Rise Concrete Buildings, and Local
Seismic Construction Practice as a Means to Vulnerability
Reduction in Shelter Development
(Patent Pending)

Provider
Antonio C. Acupan, Jr Engineering Services

October 10, 2016

1
Contents

1. Title of CPD Seminar

2. Objectives
3. Seminar Content
4. Timeline and Resources Template
5. Evaluation Tool
6. Resume of Speaker
7. Trainor
a. Antonio C. Acupan Jr ACPE ASEAN Eng APEC Eng
8. Financial Plan
9. Annual Plan
10. References
a. Keynote Lecture
i. Branding of ASEAN Engineer as Structural Engineer for Global Mobility
b. Case Study 1
i. Seismic Qualification Economics of Rehabilitation and Retrofit of Medium
Rise Concrete Buildings
c. Case Study 2
i. Seismic Qualification of Cast in Place Unitized Concrete Wall of Low Cost
Housing
d. Case Study 3
i. Local Seismic construction Practice as a Mean for Vulnerability Reduction

2
Title of CPD Seminar Structural Engineering

1. Seismic Qualification, Economics of Rehabilitation and Retrofit of

Medium Rise Concrete Buildings, and
2. Local Seismic Construction Practice as a Means to Vulnerability
Reduction in Shelter Development

Duration Sixteen Hours (16 hrs)

Maximum Participants Fifty (50) Civil Engineers less than 35 yrs old

Objectives

At the end of the seminar, the Civil Engineer must have gained the critical thinking in the field of
Structural Engineering and put in practice the lesson learned from the following case studies

1. The ASEAN integration in 2015 will locally impact demand for shelter development and
infrastructure as well. Opportunities are 1) Stronger demand for shelter, 2) Emergence of new
growth areas like Cagayan de Oro, and c) More and better construction projects.
a. To reap the benefits of the ASEAN integration, the Philippines must continue to pursue
relevant market reforms in order to remain competitive. With the upcoming ASEAN
integration, shelter development players should work together to unlock strategic
approaches to keep the domestic shelter sector afloat as multinational players enter the
already stiff competition in the Philippines’ shelter development market.
b. Filipino Structural Engineers with deep appreciation of Code of Ethics and Social
Accountability, coupled with cutting edge technology to counter climate change and risk,
is expected to anchor the shelter development in the Philippines.

2. Seismic Qualification covers a) the existing concrete structure has weak columns and this cannot
prevent story mechanism during earthquake. Column jacketing can be used to increase column shear
and flexural strength so that columns will not be damaged during earthquakes. Fiber Reinforced
Polymer (FRP) materials are used for jackets for columns retrofitting. FRP jackets sufficiently
confine the columns failure by preventing the formation of a plastic hinge zone; b) FRP laminates are
attached to beams to increase their shear and flexural capacities. The amount of FRP attached to
soffit should be limited to retain the ductile flexural failure mode, and c) Retrofitting is needed to
comply with the life safety of Structural Code for high seismic area like Cagayan de Oro.

3
 a. Economics of Retrofit considers Cost of retrofitting is estimated at 10,000.000.00 with Cost
– Benefit ratio of 4.80. The Retrofitting Strategy includes a) Use of Fiber Reinforced Polymer
FRP for Colum jackets and beam wraps. The approach can be done with minimum disruption
to office operations. b) In Situ evaluation of concrete will be done using Hammer Test, a Non
Destructive Test. A Destructive Test like Core Test will be during actual work on FRP
jacketing and wrapping. A New Occupancy Permit will be processed with electivity from
2015 until 2030.

3. This is an integrative solution to high demand of low cost houses and high seismic area.
Cagayan de Oro needs 6,570 houses per year from 2013 until 2022. An estimated 30% or
20,000 houses are low cost houses. Cagayan de oro is a high seismic are with the newly
identified Tagoloan River fault line. In 1995, a blind fault was reported by a US Consultant that
passes the West Uptown Expansion Area.
a. The unitized cast-in-place design and construction of walls of low cost houses benefit
both demands; a) house production demand and b) compliance to seismic stress demand.
The house structure is composed of a) concrete floor slab with footing package, b)
unitized cast-in-place concrete wall package, and c) steel roof framing and sheets
package. The construction engineering is a batch system and utilizes linear
programming. The unitized cast-in-place concrete wall box is constructed with complete
formworks using phenolic sheets with steel framing system provided with locking
mechanism for ease in installing and removal. The concrete mix is a low strength
concrete comparable to load bearing concrete hollow blocks.
A conceptual framework is to consider the local construction practice is a capital as a means to
reduce vulnerability and moves towards a sustainable shelter development. The benchmark of the
conceptual framework is the Bohol Earthquake and its adaptability to the potential earthquake in
the Metropolitan Cagayan de Oro.
b. The inter-relationship of each of the four elements, namely; a) local seismic construction
practice, b) physical vulnerability, c) social vulnerability, and d) perception of local seismic
practices, are examined. The conservation of local seismic constructions practice is a mean in
reducing vulnerability and moving towards a sustainable shelter development. (Karababa,
2009 Zurich

4
Seminar Content

1. Trends in Civil Engineering and Washington Accord

2. Keynote Lecture: Branding of ASEAN Engineer as Structural Engineer for Global Mobility

3. Opportunity Search

4. Rational Thinking

5. Earthquake Engineering

a. Seismic Qualification

b. Economics of Rehabilitation

c. Retrofit Methodology

6. Case Study 1 – Seismic Qualification Economics of Rehabilitation and Retrofit

of Medium Rise Concrete Buildings

1. Case Study 2 – Seismic Qualification of Cast in Place Unitized Concrete Wall of

Low Cost Housing

2. Case Study 3 – Local Seismic construction Practice as a Mean for

Vulnerability Reduction

7. Group Presentation and Evaluation

5
Timeline and Resources Template

Time Activities Resources

Day 0 Pre Registration of 50 participants By event Planner/Coordinator

1. Training kits
2. Venue – Activity Room of a
Hotel equipped with two (2)
wide screen and high definition
projector

Day 1 1. Trends in Civil Engineering and Lecture with evaluation test at the end
8am – 12nn Washington Accord of session
2. Keynote Lecture: Branding of
ASEAN Engineer as Structural
Engineer for Global Mobility
3. Opportunity Search
4. Rational Thinking

Day 1 5. Earthquake Engineering Lecture with evaluation test at the end

2pm-6pm a. Seismic Qualification of session
b. Economics of
Rehabilitation
c. Retrofit Methodology
Day 2 6. Case Study 1 – Seismic Lecture with evaluation test at the end
8am – 12nn Qualification Economics of of session
Rehabilitation and Retrofit of
Medium Rise Conncrete
Buildings
Day 2 7. Case Study 2 – Seismic Workshop by 10 groups with 5
2pm-6pm Qualification of Cast in Place participants each group
Unitized Concrete Wall of Low
Cost Housing
8. Case Study 3 – Local Seismic
construction Practice as a Mean
for Vulnerability Reduction
9. Group Presentation and
Evaluation
1. Post Seminar Evaluation Third Party Evaluators

6
Evaluation Tool

Items for Evaluation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

low high

1. Trends in Civil Engineering

2. Keynote Lecture: Branding of

ASEAN Engineer as Structural
Engineer for Global Mobility

3. Opportunity Search

4. Rational Thinking

5. Earthquake Engineering
a. Seismic Qualification
b. Economics of Rehabilitation
c. Retrofit Methodology

6. Case Study 1 – Seismic

Qualification Economics of
Rehabilitation and Retrofit of
Medium Rise Concrete
Buildings

7. Case Study 2 – Seismic

Qualification of Cast in Place
Unitized Concrete Wall of Low
Cost Housing

8. Case Study 3 – Local Seismic

construction Practice as a Mean
for Vulnerability Reduction

9. Group Presentation and

Evaluation

10. Suggestion for future seminar

7
Resume of Speaker

prc.iad.mra@gmail.com.

APEC/ASEAN Mutual Recognition Arrangement MRA

International Affairs Division
Professional Regulation Commission
Philippines

Introduction/Prologue

ANTONIO C. ACUPAN JR

Engr Antonio C. Acupan Jr is a Certified Professional Engineer in APEC economies and ASEAN nations with
specialization and expertise in Structural Engineering, Project Management and Construction Management and
Engineering. He graduated BS Civil Engineering 1980 from University of Negros Occidental – Recoletos, MS in Civil
Engineering 1985 from University of the Philippines Diliman and Master in Management 1991 from Asian Institute of
Management. He currently resides at Block 13 Lot 2 Morning Mist Village, Pueblo Township, and Cagayan de Oro.
Engr Acupan has three daughters, Mia Angelica, an Economist, Kim Stephanie, a Civil Engineer and Hannah Ruth, a
Hotelier. He is a registered Civil Engineer, APEC Engineer, ASEAN Engineer, ASEAN Chartered Professional
Engineer and an Accredited CASEE Program Evaluator for Civil Engineering. His experience in Construction
Industry encompass eight years in Engineering Education, seven years in Operations Engineering, ten years in
Property Development and five years in Professional Practice. He is the Principal Engineer of Acupan Associates, a
Structural Engineering and Project Development firm based in Cagayan de Oro, Mindanao, Philippines. His expertise
is in Performance Based Design of Concrete Structures for Earthquake Engineering. Engr Acupan can be contacted at
acacupan@yahoo.com.

8
Financial Plan

Annual Plan

Place Date Remarks

Cagayan de oro, Bacolod January 2017 Pilot Run
Cebu February 2017
Iloilo March 2017
Cagayan de oro April 2017
Davao. Surigao July 2017
Bacolod August 2017
Cagayan de oro, Cebu September 2017
CPD Program Evaluation Third Party Evaluator

9
References

Keynote Lecture: Branding of ASEAN Engineer as Structural Engineer for Global

Mobility

10
11
 BRANDING OF ASEAN ENGINEER
AS STRUCTURAL ENGINEER FOR GLOBAL MOBILITY

Antonio C. Acupan, Jr., MSCE, MASEP, APEC/ASEAN Eng, ACPE

ABSTRACT: ASEAN's strength is the abundance of natural resources and adaptable workers. These
workers are ready to be trained and can absorb relevant technologies quickly. As good engineers,
leveraging on this strength should not be difficult for ASEAN Engineer, as Structural Engineer.

“In this endeavour, ASEAN Engineer needs to bear in mind the competition in the market place. The
enhanced branding of ASEAN engineering profession must convey innovation, quality and cost-
effectiveness. In doing so, the training and skills of ASEAN engineers are critical. Standards must be
constantly upgraded and harmonised.” Source: H.E. Ong Keng Yong, Secretary-General of ASEAN at
the 24th Conference of ASEAN Federation of Engineering Organisations (CAFEO), Bandar Sunway,
Selangor, Malaysia, 30 November 2006

The ASEAN integration in 2015 will locally impact demand for shelter development and infrastructure as
well. Opportunities are 1) Stronger demand for shelter, 2) Emergence of new growth areas like Cagayan
de Oro, and c) More and better construction projects.

To reap the benefits of the ASEAN integration, the Philippines must continue to pursue relevant market
reforms in order to remain competitive. With the upcoming ASEAN integration, shelter development
players should work together to unlock strategic approaches to keep the domestic shelter sector afloat as
multinational players enter the already stiff competition in the Philippines’ shelter development
market.

Filipino Structural Engineers with deep appreciation of Code of Ethics and Social Accountability, coupled
with cutting edge technology to counter climate change and risk, is expected to anchor the shelter
development in the Philippines.

Keywords. ASEAN, Geohazards, Mobility, Shelter, Accountability

I. ISSUE

Branding of ASEAN Engineer, as Structural Engineer, for Global Mobility. Applied to Shelter
Development at West Uptown Expansion Area 2, Cagayan de Oro, Philippines

12
II. FACTS

Philippine Outlook of Shelter Development 2013

There is a need to permanently sustain a centralized home financing program for the Philippines to eliminate
the current 5.5 million shelter backlog and supply the housing demand of the growing middle class within
the next 20 years. Places other than Metro Manila and Cebu may need to be tapped to meet the demand for
business and residential space, leading to the emergence of new economic hot spots. Among the possible
growth areas is Cagayan de Oro. (CREBA, 2013)

Cagayan de Oro Outlook of Shelter Development 2013

Considering the deliverables for shelter development, Cagayan de oro opted for the establishment of
expansion areas in the concept of Climate Smart Township Development. The physical attributes of
Cagayan de Oro emphasize the need for linear development along the major highway. This terrain
necessitates an integrative solution to road water and shelter within the framework of sustainable
development of infrastructure. (CLUP Cagayan de Oro 2013)

Figure A
Land Use for Shelter Development

The shelter development in Cagayan de Oro needs of area of 1,218.60 hectares for the construction of
65,709 housing units from 2012 until 2022 or at the development rate of 6,570.90 housing units per year.
The West Uptown Expansion Area 2 is a location some of the shelter can be developed. The area covers
Barangays Carmen, Canitoan, Lumbia and Pagatpat. This will be a medium to high-density, mixed-use
pedestrian friendly center with high end, low-density type of development for residential and commercial
uses. This area will decongest the present major urban center/city core and shall provide more
opportunities for socio-economic activities. (Acupan, 2012)

13
Figure B

Case Study for Shelter Development

The Uptown Township is a mixed use development covering an area of 360 hectares. It is located in West
Uptown Expansion Area 2. The project was started in 1997 and planned for completion in 2007. However,
in 2008 collateral developments were initiated in deviation from the Development Master Plan. There are
constraints in the development of new expansion areas, namely; a) Shelter development is highly regulated
by several local and regional agencies, b) The local water district is not capable of supplying water, c) The
road alignment design of Civil Engineers does not match with the technical description of Geodetic
Engineers plan and this resulted in erroneous boundary description of land. During the final stages of the
development, there is a pressing need to maintain the income stream of development firm resulting in the
development of areas classified as risk or reserve areas in their environmental master plan. (Acupan, 2013)

Figure B

14
Figure D

Geohazards of Shelter Development

The Geohazards caused by extreme weather events area) Flood by Tropical Cyclone Sendong in December
2011, b) Magnitude 7.2 during Bohol Earthquake in October 2013, c) Wind Speed caused by Tropical
cyclone Yolanda in November 2013. The Geohazards prevailing in the area caused by shift in weather
pattern are: a) Increasing occurrence of rainfall higher than 12mm/hr monthly average, during the months
of October to January, and b) Increasing occurrence of landslide resulting from heavy rainfall.

Figure E

15
 Figure F

Figure G

16
Structural Engineering Intervention

To neutralize the geohazards, intervention by ASEAN Engineer in the field of structural engineering are; a)
Performance-Based Design For Earthquake Engineering, b) Wind Engineering, and c ) Engineered
Grading and Slope Stability, National Structural Code of the Philippines 2010 Section 109.5.2. The design
criteria for Shelter Development consistent with the brand of ASEAN Engineer, as Structural Engineer,
being innovative, quality and cost-effective, are presented. This technical paper is inspired byH.E. Ong
Keng Yong, Secretary-General of ASEANv2006

Figure H

Filipino Structural Engineer, Alfredo L. Juinio

“As I always say: In the end, it is your work that will teach you, not any one person. And if you do not love
your work, you will not understand it.” D. M Consunji

Figure J

17
Pages 141-142

18
 III. ASSUMPTIONS

 THEAPECENGINEER. A Model for the Mobility of Engineers. ASIA-PACIFIC ECONOMIC

COOPERATION. HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT WORKING GROUP
 ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL MOBILITY AND FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS. FEDERICO
A. MONSADA, MEng, ASEAN Eng’ President Philippine Technological Council
 What happens to professionals during ASEAN integration? PRC chair says registration needed’
By: InterAksyon.com
 Enhancement measures/safety nets — ASEAN mutual recognition arrangements on engineering
services. By Angel L. Lazaro III, Ph.D. Academician, National Academy of Science and Technology

IV. DISCUSSION

What happens to professionals during ASEAN integration? PRC chair says registration needed

What happens to licensed Civil Engineers during the creation of an ASEAN Economic Community (AEC)?
Professional Regulations Commission (PRC), said these licensed Civil Engineers need to register as
“ASEAN professionals.” ASEAN professional’s registration is part of the Mutual Recognition
Arrangements (MRA) to keep professionals competitive within and outside the region as the ASEAN
integration pushes through in 2015.

MRA will facilitate freer movement of professionals in ASEAN as their education, license, and experience
of professionals from their country of origin shall be recognized in other ASEAN member states.
Professions recognized under MRA include engineers, specifically aeronautical, agricultural, civil, chemical,
electrical, electronics, geodetic, mechanical, metallurgical, mining, naval architecture and marine, and
sanitary engineers. An ASEAN professional Civil Engineer can be registered as Structural Engineer.

MRA is in line with the ASEAN Economic Community that seeks to create a single market and production
base by 2015 through the free flow of goods, services, investment, capital, and skilled labor. MRA will not
reduce, or eliminate the rights, power, and authority of each ASEAN member state as it only seeks to
recognize education, training, licenses, and experiences of professionals. Foreign professional who
registered in his own country wants to work in the Philippines, he or she still needs to get a temporary
permit from the PRC to practice.

Enhancement measures/safety nets — ASEAN mutual recognition arrangements on engineering

services

The MRAs will be implemented by the ASEAN Chartered Professional Engineer Coordinating Committee
(ACPECC) through monitoring committees (MCs) in each ASEAN country. The ACPECC will be
comprised of one representative from the MCs of ASEAN member-countries. The Philippine MC is
composed of the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC), Commission for Higher Education (CHED)
and Philippine Technological Council (PTC). An ASEAN Chartered Professional Engineers Register will be
developed, processed and maintained by each MC.

The Philippines will be in a very disadvantageous position if it looks upon the MRA primarily as a vehicle
for practice by individuals. The real competition is professional practice through companies/firms.
Optimization of benefits is not in “cross-border supply,” “consumption abroad” or “natural persons” but in
“commercial presence.” In this paper, the term “professionals” refers to both individuals and
companies/firms, unless otherwise stated.

19
Implementation is a two-way process. The first is outgoing: Filipinos practicing in other ASEAN countries.
The second is incoming: Citizens of other ASEAN countries practicing in the Philippines. The outgoing
process starts with conferment of the title ASEAN Chartered Professional Engineer (ACPE) to qualified
Filipino professionals followed by application to and authorization by the Professional Regulatory Authority
(PRA) of the host country to be a Registered Foreign Professional Engineer (RFPE) in the host country, not
in independent practice, but in collaboration with designated professional engineers in the host country.

The government should conduct a study/survey of multi-disciplinary project opportunities in ASEAN and to
proactively organize, mobilize and enable appropriate stakeholders in the Philippines toward an integrated
approach. Examples are turnkey projects, design-build projects, build-operate-transfer projects,
concessions, public-private partnerships, and others. The Filipino ACPE would be just one component.
Others could include developers, contractors, banks, financial managers, construction managers, suppliers,
utility companies, etc.

The following enhancement measures/safety nets are recommended for the incoming process:

(1) The PRC not impose restrictions, additional requirements or supplementary assessment on ACPEs from
other ASEAN countries;
(2) Should other ASEAN countries impose restrictions, additional requirements or supplementary
assessment on Filipino ACPEs, reciprocal/equivalent measures also are imposed by the PRC on foreign
ACPEs;
(3) companies/firms seeking projects in the Philippines be 100 percent owned by citizens of the country of
the RFPE (many developed countries have formed “pseudo-domestic” consulting firms in ASEAN
countries and allowing them to get projects through the ASEAN MRA mechanism will defeat the purpose
of MRA);
(4) companies/firms seeking to be a Filipino local professional partner be 100 percent owned by Philippine
citizens (the Philippines has its share of “pseudo-Filipino” consulting firms); and
(5) Procurement criteria of the Philippine government that discriminate against Filipinos be revised (with or
without ASEAN integration, the Filipino must be competitive in his own country).

The recommended revisions to government procurement criteria are (it is possible that some of the
recommendations below are no longer being imposed by some agencies):

(1) experience of Filipinos in the Philippines be given full credit (there have been instances where only
international experience was given credit which is disadvantageous to Filipinos, whose international
experience may be limited);
(2) Experience of Filipinos as associated consultants/sub consultants be given full credit (there have been
instances where only experience as lead consultant was given credit);
(3) All (and not just the latest) experience of Filipinos be given full credit (there have been instances where
only the experience of the last 10 years was given credit);
(4) experience thresholds be set for both individuals and companies/firms (for example, if 10 years’
experience is deemed adequate for a certain position or project, all individuals or companies/firms with 10
or more years experience will be given full credit);
(5) Filipino professionals are eligible for all positions (there have been instances where certain positions
were reserved for foreigners);
(6) At least one slot in short lists is reserved for 100 percent Filipino companies/firms;
(7) The Philippine government only accepts funding which do not include oppressive terms and conditions;
(8) The Filipino local partner is a signatory to any contract (so that he will be able to claim credit for the
project);
(9) Technical assistance projects be studied (most technical assistance projects are foreign funded and done
by foreign consultants, and are configured to insure that foreign consultants will be engaged);
(10) A negotiation strategy with funding institutions be developed to maximize the participation of Filipinos
(representatives of the government attending negotiations should be trained regarding this strategy); and

20
(11) A monitoring and audit system for consultants is set up by a third party without any conflict of interest.

ASEAN Chartered Professional Engineer

APEC Engineer – Independent Professional Practice

Cagayan de Oro. At Risk but Livable (Dexter Lo, XU ERX 2015)

West Uptown Expansion Area 2, Cagayan de Oro

V. RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION

The main points are

21
a. In Mid 1950s, the concern for Filipino Structural Engineer was improvement in materials for construction.
Engr Juinio focused on the strength improvement of a material (concrete mix) to attain the practicality the
dome shaped structure.
b. In current CCA/DRR era, the concern of Filipino Structural Engineer is the environment by providing
structures that withstand the geohazards prevalent in the area. The Author focused on Code of Ethics and
Social Accountability, as well as, initiates the amendments to Table B of HLURB BP 220 and PD 957.

Based on the information presented, Branding of ASEAN Engineer, as Structural Engineer for
Global Mobility, is ……..

“In this endeavour, ASEAN Engineer needs to bear in mind the competition in the market place.
The enhanced branding of ASEAN engineering profession must convey innovation, quality
and cost-effectiveness. In doing so, the training and skills of ASEAN engineers are critical.
Standards must be constantly upgraded and harmonised.” Source: H.E. Ong Keng Yong,
Secretary-General of ASEAN at the 24th Conference of ASEAN Federation of Engineering
Organisations (CAFEO), Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia, 30 November 2006

“As I always say: In the end, it is your work that will teach you, not any one person. And if you
do not love your work, you will not understand it.” D. M Consunji, 2012

VI. ACTION PLAN

Based on the intent of the paper:

a. Craft a brand identity for Filipino Structural Engineer consistent with ASEAN Mutual Recognition
Agreement MRA;
a. Propagate the tagline for Filipino Structural Engineer : “ it is your work that will teach you innovation,
quality and cost-effectiveness”

b. Initiate upgrading of the design standard stated in BP 220 and PD 957 for geohazard resilient shelter
development; and
a. Upgrade the design standards for shelter development by amending the Table B of HLURB BP 220 and PD
957.
i. Work for the approval at the level of City Council of Cagayan de Oro.
b. Implement Engineered Grading and Slope Stability, National Structural Code of the Philippines 2010
Section 109.5.2.

c. Create an entry strategy for structural engineering firm within the cross border framework of commercial
presence.
a. This technical paper is the entry strategy of a structural engineering firm based in Cagayan de Oro for the
shelter development of West Uptown Expansion Area 2.

References

Manual of Professional Practice for Civil Engineers. Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers, Inc. 2011
National Structural code of the Philippines, 6th Edition. Association of Structural Engineers of the
Philippines, 2010
Passion To Build. A memoir of David M. Consunji. Second Printing 2012.
22
ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Engr Antonio C. Acupan, Jr is an international Professional Engineer with specialization in Structural

Engineering and Project Development. He holds dual graduate degrees in Structural Engineering and
Management, having graduated Master of Science in Civil Engineering (Structures) from University of the
Philippines, Diliman and Master in Management from Asian Institute of Management, Makati. He is
registered as ASEAN Engineer, APEC Engineer and ASEAN Chartered Professional Engineer. He is an
Accredited Program Evaluator for Civil Engineering by Philippine Technological Council. He may be
contacted at Dove-Lovebirds St., Morning Mist Village, Pueblo Township, Upper Carmen, Cagayan de
Oro or through mobile phone 0917 051 4726 and email acacupan|@yahoo.com.

Annex

23
 .

24
Case Study 1 – Seismic Qualification Economics of Rehabilitation and Retrofit of
Medium Rise Concrete Buildings

25
 SEISMIC QUALIFICATION, ECONOMICS OF REHABILITATION AND
RETROFIT OF FOUR (4) STOREY CONCRETE BUILDING IN CAGAYAN DE
ORO, PHILIPPINES

ANTONIO C. ACUPAN JR, MSCE MASEP ACPE APEC Eng ASEAN Eng
Structural Engineer FACPE 00014/CE
Principal, Acupan Associates

Abstract

Seismic Qualification covers a) the existing concrete structure has weak columns and this cannot prevent story
mechanism during earthquake. Column jacketing can be used to increase column shear and flexural strength so that
columns will not be damaged during earthquakes. Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) materials are used for jackets
for columns retrofitting. FRP jackets sufficiently confine the columns failure by preventing the formation of a
plastic hinge zone; b) FRP laminates are attached to beams to increase their shear and flexural capacities. The
amount of FRP attached to soffit should be limited to retain the ductile flexural failure mode, and c) Retrofitting is
needed to comply with the life safety of Structural Code for high seismic area like Cagayan de Oro. Economics of
Retrofit considers Cost of retrofitting is estimated at 10,000.000.00 with Cost – Benefit ratio of 4.80. The
Retrofitting Strategy includes a) Use of Fiber Reinforced Polymer FRP for Colum jackets and beam wraps. The
approach can be done with minimum disruption to office operations. b) In Situ evaluation of concrete will be done
using Hammer Test, a Non Destructive Test. A Destructive Test like Core Test will be during actual work on FRP
jacketing and wrapping. A New Occupancy Permit will be processed with electivity from 2015 until 2030.
Keywords. Seismic, Economic; Rehabilitation, Retrofit

26
 Case Study 2 – Seismic Qualification of Cast in Place Unitized Concrete
Wall of Low Cost Housing

27 | P a g e
 SEISMIC QUALIFICATION OF UNITIZED CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE WALL
FOR LOW COST HOUSING IN CAGAYAN DE ORO, PHILIPPINES

ANTONIO C. ACUPAN JR, MSCE MASEP ACPE APEC/ASEAN Eng

Structural Engineer FACPE 00014/CE
Principal, Acupan Associates

Abstract

This technical paper is an integrative solution to high demand of low cost houses and high seismic area.
Cagayan de Oro needs 6,570 houses per year from 2013 until 2022. An estimated 30% or 20,000 houses
are low cost houses. Cagayan de oro is a high seismic are with the newly identified Tagoloan River fault
line. In 1995, a blind fault was reported by a US Consultant that passes the West Uptown Expansion
Area. The unitized cast-in-place design and construction of walls of low cost houses benefit both
demands; a) house production demand and b) compliance to seismic stress demand. The house structure
is composed of a) concrete floor slab with footing package, b) unitized cast-in-place concrete wall
package, and c) steel roof framing and sheets package. The construction engineering is a batch system
and utilizes linear programming. The unitized cast-in-place concrete wall box is constructed with
complete formworks using phenolic sheets with steel framing system provided with locking mechanism
for ease in installing and removal. The concrete mix is a low strength concrete comparable to load
bearing concrete hollow blocks.

Based on the information presents, the unitized cast-in-place concrete wall that is compliant to
seismic stress demand, with easy to use formworks system, qualifies for SMART AND ROBUST
CONCRETE STRUCTURES. Finally, this technical paper is an innovative, quality, and cost-
effective approach to the construction engineering of low cost housing.

Keywords. Seismic, Unitized, Concrete; Low Cost, Housing

28 | P a g e
 Case Study 3 – Local Seismic construction Practice as a Mean for
Vulnerability Reduction

29 | P a g e
 Local Seismic Construction Practice as a Means
to Vulnerability Reduction in Shelter Development
of Metropolitan Cagayan de Oro Setting 2016

Antonio C Acupan Jr MSCE MM MASEP LMPICE

Filipino ASEAN Chartered Professional Engineer FACPE 00014/CE
Specialist in Structural Engineering and Project Management

Abstract

Earthquake Response team of the Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines

conducted due diligence of the seismic damaged caused by Bohol Earthquake. The root cause
as manifested in the damage is the failures in construction detailing and design. Failures in
residential structures were very pronounced and the collective damaged is significant in terms
of aggregate cost as well as the number of households displaced as the result of total failures
of the houses. A closer look shows the emergence of pattern in the cause/s of failures in most
of the houses. Failures in reinforced concrete and masonry houses were far more numerous
than the old houses of timber construction. The effects of poor detailing, soft story concepts,
lack of reinforcement of masonry walls, lack of stiffener columns and beams connected to the
masonry walls and other failure mechanisms. It is recommended that there is a need for
information campaign to local engineering practice to avert or minimize failures. (Morales
2015 Manila)

A conceptual framework is to consider the local construction practice is a capital as a means to

reduce vulnerability and moves towards a sustainable shelter development. The benchmark of
the conceptual framework is the Bohol Earthquake and its adaptability to the potential
earthquake in the Metropolitan Cagayan de Oro. The inter-relationship of each of the four
elements, namely; a0 local seismic construction practice, b) physical vulnerability, c) social
vulnerability, and d) perception of local seismic practices, are examined. The conservation of
local seismic constructions practice is a mean in reducing vulnerability and moving towards a
sustainable shelter development. (Karababa, 2009 Zurich

Cagayan de Oro is an emerging growth area and gateway to Mindanao. With the opening of
Laguindingan Airport in 2013, the growth pattern of Cagayan de Oro is towards the west. This
results in the development of Metro Cagayan de Oro. The local seismic construction practice
is one way to reduce the hazardous effect of seismic event in the shelter development.
(Acupan, 2015)

Keywords. Local Seismic Construction Practice Vulnerability

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