Faculty of Technology, Engineering and the Environment

Numerical Analysis
Worksheet 2 Eigenvalues and eigenvectors and DEs

Find the general solution of the following sets of differential equations

1. x 1 = x1 + 5x2 2. x 1 = 2x1  2x2 3. x 1 = –3x1 – 2x2

x 2 = 4x1 + 2x2 x 2 = 2x1 + 2x2 x 2 = –x1 – 4x2

  
4. x 1 = 6x1 + 4x2 5. x 1 = 2x1 + 3x2 6. x 1 = 2x1 − x2

  
x 2 = 2x1 + 8x2 x 2 = 2x1 + x2 x 2 = −x1 + 2x2

7. x 1 =  2x2 + x3 8. x 1 = 4x1 + x3 9. 
x1 = x1 + 2x2

x 2 = 3x1 + 8x2 + 2x3 x 2 = 2x1 + x2 x 2 = 3x1  4x2

x 3 =  2x2 + x3 x 3 = 2x1 + x3

10 x 1 = x1 + x2 11 x 1 = 6x1 + x2
 12. x 1 = 2x1 + 3x2

x 2 = 3x1  x2 x 2 = 10x1 + x2 x 2 = 4x1 + x2

13. x 1 = 5x1 + 3x3 14. 

x 1 = 5x1 + 2x2 + x3 15. x 1 = 2x1 + x3

x 2 = 3x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 x 2 = 2x1 + x2 x 2 = −x1 + 4x2 − x3

x 3 = 6x1
  4x3 
x 3 = x1 + x3 x 3 = −x1 + 2x2


Note in 8 the answer to question 3 on worksheet 1 might help

Note in 13 the answer to matrix J in question 4 on worksheet 1 might help
Faculty of Technology, Engineering and the Environment
Numerical Analysis
Worksheet 2 Eigenvalues and eigenvectors and DEs

5 1 1 1

1. x  C1  e 3t  C 2  e 6t 2. x  C1    C 2  e 4t
 4 1 1  1

 2 1 2 1

3. x  C1  e 2t  C 2  e 5t 4. x  C1  e 4 t  C 2  e10 t
1 1  1 1

1  3 1 1

5. x  C1  e  t  C 2  e 4 t 6. x  C1  e t  C 2  e 3t
 1  2 1  1

  4 1 2 0   1  1
7. x  C1  1   C 2  1 e  C 3  5 e 6t
    3t
8. x  C1 1 e  C 2  2  e  C 3  1  e 3t
  t   2t

 2   1   2  0  2   1 

2 1
9. x   (C1e 2t
 D1e  2t
)   (C2 cos 5t  D 2 sin 5t)
1  3

1 1
10. x   (C1e 2t
 D1e  2t
)   (C2 cos 2t  D 2 sin 2t)
1  3

1 1
11. x   (C1cost  D1sint)   (C2 cos2t  D 2 sin2t)
5 2

3 1
12. x   (C1cos 2t  D1sin 2t)   (C1e 5t
 D1e  5t
)
 4 1

1  1 1
13. x   1  (C1cost  D1sint)   0  (C2 e
  2t
 D 2 e  2 t )   1  (C3 e 2t
 D 3e  2t
)
 2  1  1

 1 0 5 
14. x   2  (C1  D1 t)   1  (C 2 e  D 2 e )  2 (C3 e
    t t 6t
 D 3e  6t
)
 1   2 1
Faculty of Technology, Engineering and the Environment
Numerical Analysis
Worksheet 2 Eigenvalues and eigenvectors and DEs

1  2 1 
15. x   0  (C1e  D1e )  1 (C2 e
  t t 2t
 D2e  2t
)  2 (C3 e 3t
 D3e  3t
)
 1 0 1