Interpret Construction Drawings

COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Sector: CONSTRUCTION
Qualification Title: PLUMBING NC II
Unit of Competency: INTERPRET TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND PLANS
Module Title: INTERPRETING TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND PLANS
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority

Jacobo Z. Gonzales Memorial School of Arts and Trades
San Antonio, Biñan City
Date Revised:
PLUMBING NC II June 2016 Issued by:
Interpret Technical Developed by: Page 1 of 32
Drawings and Plans Angelito G. Urgelles
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING
MATERIAL
Welcome to the module in Interpret Technical Drawings and Plans.

This module contains training materials and activities for you to complete.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to
complete each learning outcome of the module. In each learning outcome are
Information Sheets, Self-Checks, Operation Sheets and Job Sheets. Follow
these activities on your own. If you have questions, don't hesitate to ask your
facilitator for assistance.
The goal of this course is the development of practical skills. To gain
these skills, you must learn basic concepts and terminology. For the most
part, you'll get this information from the Information Sheets and multimedia
materials.
This module was prepared to help you achieve the required
competency, in "Interpret Technical Drawings and Plans "
This will be the source of information for you to acquire knowledge and
skills in this particular competency independently and at your own pace,
with minimum supervision or help from your instructor.
Remember to:
Work through all the information and complete the activities in each
section.
Read information sheets and complete the self-check. Suggested
references are included to supplement the materials provided in this
module.
Most probably your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager.
He/she is there to support you and show you the correct way to do things.
You will be given plenty of opportunity to ask questions and practice
on the job. Make sure you practice your new skills during regular work
shifts. This way you will improve both your speed and memory and also your
confidence.
Use the Self-checks, Operation Sheets or Job Sheets at the end of
each section to test your own progress.
When you feel confident that you have had sufficient practice, ask your
Trainer to evaluate you. The results of your assessment will be recorded in
your Progress Chart and Accomplishment Chart.
You need to complete this module before proceeding to Perform
Mensuration and Calculations.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
MODULE CONTENT
UNIT OF COMPETENCY : Interpret Technical Drawings and Plans
MODULE TITLE : Interpret Technical Drawings and Plans

MODULE DESCRIPTOR : This module covers the knowledge, skills
and attitudes on analyzing and interpreting
symbols, data and work plan based on the
required performance standard.
NOMINAL DURATION : 4 hrs.

CERTIFICATE LEVEL : NC II
PREREQUISITE :
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this module, the trainee/student must be able to:
1. Analyze signs, symbols and data.
2. Interpret technical drawings and plans
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 1 Analyze signs, symbols and data.
CONTENTS:
• Drawing symbols and signs
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
 Sign, symbols, and data are identified according to job specifications.
 Sign, symbols and data are determined according to classification or
as appropriate in drawing.
CONDITIONS:
Students/trainees must be
provided with the following
 Classroom for discussion
 Workplace Location
 Measuring Instruments
 Blueprints of plan
 Electrical
 Mechanical
 Instructional materials
ASSESSMENT METHOD
• Demonstration
• Classroom discussions
• Self-paced
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
Learning Experience
INTERPRET TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND PLANS
Learning Activities Special Instructions

1. Read Information Sheet No.
3.1-1 on Analyze Construction
symbols.
Answer Self-Check No. 3.1-1 Compare your answer to the answer
key
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
INFORMATION SHEET NO. 3.1-1
ANALYZE CONSTRUCTION SYMBOLS
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Upon completing this section, you should be able to:
• Identify construction symbols
• Analyze construction Symbols
CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS
Generally, construction or “working drawing” furnish enough
information for the builder to complete an entire project and incorporate all
three main groups of drawings-architectural, electrical, and mechanical.
Normally, construction drawings include the detail drawings, assembly
drawings, bill of materials and specifications.
Figure 1 illustrates the conventional symbols for the more common
types of material used on structures. Figure 2 shows the more common
symbols used for doors and windows. Study these symbols before proceeding
further in this chapter.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
Figure 1. Conventional symbols of material used on structures.
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JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
Figure 2. Architectural symbols for doors and windows
Date Revised:
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Joey C. Maglupay
A. Site Development Plan
Shows the contours, boundaries, roads, utilities, trees,
structures and any other significant physical features on or near
the construction site. The locations of proposed structures are
shown in outline.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
B. Floor Plan
An architectural or structural plan that shows scale diagram of a
room or building drawn as if seen from above.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
C. Elevations
The front, rear, and sides of a structure as they would appear
projected on vertical planes, are shown in elevations. Studying the
elevation drawing gives you a working idea of the appearance and layout
of the structure.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
D. Foundation Plan
Plane view of structure. That is, it looks as if it were projected
into a horizontal plane and passed through the structure.
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Joey C. Maglupay
E. Framing Plans
Shows the size, number, and location of the structural members
(steel or wood) that make-up the building framework.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
F. Sectional Views
Provide important information about the height, materials,
fastening and support systems, and concealed features of a structure.
G. Details
Provide important information about the height, materials,
fastening and support systems, and concealed features of a structure.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
SELF-CHECK NO. 1.1-1
Check your mastery in interpretation of plans and details by

completing the task below.
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Identify the types of plans on the following statement.
Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. Shows the contours, boundaries, roads, utilities, trees, structures and
any other significant physical features on or near the construction
site.
a. Floor Plan c. Plot Plan
b. Foundation Plan d. Site Development Plan
2. Given below are parts of a floor plan except ________
a. Bed Room c. Garden
b. Garage d. Dining Room
3. It is a plane view of a structure. That is, It looks as if it were projected
into a horizontal plane and passed through the structure.
b. Foundation Plan d. Section View
4. An architectural or structural plan that shows scale diagram of a
room or building drawn as if seen from above.
5. The front, rear, and sides of a structure as they would appear
projected on vertical planes, are shown in elevations.
a. Floor Plan c. Elevation
b. Details d. Section View
6. Shows the size, number, and location of the structural members
(steel or wood)
that make-up the building framework.
a. Floor Plan c. Framing Plan
7. Provide important information about the height, materials, fastening
and
support systems, and concealed features of a structure.
a. Floor Plan c. Details
8.. Provide important information about the height, materials, fastening
and
support systems, and concealed features of a structure.
a. Details c. Framing Plan
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
ANSWER KEY NO. 1.1-1
Check your answer with the answer key below. If you fail to get it
right, refer back to corresponding resources until you make it perfect.
1. D
2. C
3. B
4. A
5. C
6. C
7. D
8. A
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 2 Interpret technical drawings and plans
CONTENTS:
• Orthographic and Isometric Drawings
• Basic terminologies on plans and construction
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
1. Components, assemblies or object are recognized as per job
requirement.
2. Dimensions and specification are identified according to job
requirements.
CONDITIONS:
Students/trainees must be
provided with the following:
• Classroom for discussion

• Workplace Location
• Measuring Instruments
• Blueprints of plan
• Electrical
• Mechanical
• Instructional materials
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
• Practical exam
• Direct observation
• Written test/questioning
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
Learning Experience
INTERPRET TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND PLANS
Learning Activities Special Instructions

Read Information Sheet No. 3.2-1 on
Orthographic and Isometric Drawing
Answer Self-Check No. 3.2-1 on Compare your answer to the answer
Orthographic and Isometric Drawing key
Read Information Sheet No. 3.2-2 on
Basic terminologies on plans and
construction.
Answer Self-Check No. 3.2-2 on Compare your answer to the answer
Basic terminologies on plans and key
construction.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
ORTHOGRAPHIC AND ISOMETRIC DRAWING
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• Define Orthographic and Isometric Drawing
• Analyze drawings
• Familiarize orthographic views and isometric views
Orthographic projection (or orthogonal projection) is a means of

representing a three-dimensional object in two dimensions. It is a form of
parallel projection, where all the projection lines are orthogonal to the
projection plane, resulting in every plane of the scene appearing in affine
transformation on the viewing surface. A lens providing an orthographic
projection is known as an (object-space) telecentric lens.
The term orthographic is also sometimes reserved specifically for
depictions of objects where the axis or plane of the object is also parallel with
the projection plane, as in Multiview orthographic projections.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
Isometric drawing is another way of presenting designs/drawings in
three dimensions. The example opposite has been drawn with a 30-degree
set square. Designs are always drawn at 30 degrees in isometric projection.
SIMPLE EXERCISE
1. Draw two basic 30 degree guidelines, one to the left and one to the
right, plus a vertical guideline in the center of the drawing. In this example
three edges of the cube have been drawn over the guidelines (they are
slightly darker).
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
2. Draw guidelines to help you start constructing the left and right
sides of the cube. Remember to use a 30-degree set square for the 'angled'
lines.
3. Draw the two sides in place. They should be darker than the faint
guidelines.
4. Complete the top of the cube by projecting lines with the 30 degree
set square as shown opposite.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay

ENUMERATION:
1-4. Enumerate the steps in making Isometric Box.

5-7. Enumerate Three Basic Sides of an Orthographic Projection
1. Draw two basic 30 degree guidelines, one to the left and one to the
right, plus a vertical guideline in the center of the drawing. In this example
three edges of the cube have been drawn over the guidelines (they are
slightly darker).
2. Draw guidelines to help you start constructing the left and right
sides of the cube. Remember to use a 30-degree set square for the 'angled'
lines.
3. Draw the two sides in place. They should be darker than the faint
guidelines.
4. Complete the top of the cube by projecting lines with the 30-degree
set square as shown opposite.
5. Front View
6. Top View
7. Side View (Right Side View)
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
TERMINOLOGIES ON PLANS AND CONSTRUCTION
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• Identify different terminologies used in Plans and Construction
• Differentiate the terminologies from each other
House Plan Terms:
The given terminologies are the typical terms use for architectural or
blueprint reading:
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
Electrical Plan
The House Blueprint Term Electrical Plan is a detailed drawing of all
outlets, lights, and switches in a house. The house plans will show the
location of the outside service, inside panel, and any disconnects. Three way
switches will be noted on the House Plans along with any switched
receptacles. The location of all lights will be shown on the house plans and it
should note if there will be any specialty switching such as dimmers. The
overall new house plans should give a complete view of everything.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
Roof Plan
The House Blueprint Term Roof plan is a view of the roof looking down
from above. In this view on the House Plans you will be able to see the
location of all ridges, hips, and valleys. They are very helpful sometimes in
order to get a clear picture of the overall roof.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
Truss Plan
The House Blueprint Term truss plan will show every truss that will
make up a roof system. Each truss will be numbered and will be shown on
shop drawing with dimensions and specifications.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
Two Gang Box
Two gang box is an electrical House Blueprint term that refers to an
electrical box that will hold two switches or receptacles.
Typical Detail
The House Blueprint Term typical detail shows a typical way of
construction of a particular item. This may be a wall section, footing, roof,
etc.
Typical Section
The House Blueprint Term typical section is a detailed drawing of a
particular section of a house. This can be a wall section, a roof section, a
foundation section, or a footing section. Typical sections in House Plans are
details that are typical for normal construction. Some plans devote one sheet
to show typical sections. Sometimes this makes it easy to get an overall
picture of all important details to be considered in the construction of the
house.
Ufer Ground
House Blueprint UFER ground is an electrical term used to refer to a
bare piece of copper wire put in the footing of a foundation. This will be a #4
copper wire and a minimum of 20 feet in length.
Valley
House Blueprint Term valley is the lowest point in a roof where rafters
of different angles come together. The main member that the valley rafters
attach to is called the valley. The valley board is wider in width than the
rafters in order that the rafter cut will not be longer than the width of the
valley board.
Valley Rafter
The House Blueprint Term valley rafter is a rafter that is attached to
the ridge at the top and the valley at the bottom.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
Sight-Hearing
Site & hearing impaired refers to particular requirements necessary for
individuals with disabilities with sight or hearing. These might be special
strobe lights that blink when someone rings the doorbell or the phone rings
for someone who is hearing impaired.
Site Details
House Blueprint Term Site details are specific details that are
important for site work. These details might be specific for a particular site
or typical details that would be common on most sites.
Site Plans
House Blueprint Term Site plans give an overall view of what will be
required during construction for a particular site. It will show existing as
well as future grades, structures, utilities, and improvements.
Soffit
House Blueprint Term soffit or overhang is the horizontal section at
the lower part of the roof. This overhang can be different widths depending
on the design and preference. This will provide protection from the weather
as well as add to the aesthetics of the home.
Square Footage
The square footage is the product of the length and width of a room or
house.
Structural Notes
The House Blueprint Term Structural notes are notes in a set of plans
that give important information concerning structural items or procedures.
Stud
A stud is the vertical structural member in a wall and can be either
wood or metal. Studs are spaced either on 16 centers or 24 inch centers.
There will be one bottom plate attached to the bottom and two top plates
attached to the top. The stud length will be determined by the ceiling height.
Sub-Facia
The sub facia is the backing piece for the facia. The sub facia will
normally be #2 lumber and the facia being more of a trim type material.
Switch
Switch is an electrical device used to turn electrical devices on and off.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
Switches can limit the amount of current such as a dimmer switch or just be
an on and off device.
Symbols
Symbols are graphic drawings that relate to particular items in either a
house or outside site work. These can be used to show bathroom fixtures,
electrical fixtures, or appliances.
Tee
A tee is a pipe fitting in the shape of a “T”.
Ton
Ton is an air conditioning term used to specify the size of an A/C unit.
A ton of air is equal to 12000 BTU’s of air.
Top Plate
The top plate is the horizontal member on top of a wall section. There
are normally two top plates that make up a wall section.
Topographical
House Blueprint topographical plan is also called a “topo”. This plan
will show all the different elevations across a construction site. Depending on
the site, it may show existing as well as future elevations.
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Identify the types of plans on the following statement.
Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. This is a detailed drawing of all outlets, lights, and switches in a
house.
a. Electrical Plan c. Plot Plan
b. Foundation Plan d. Site Development Plan
2. This is the product of the length and width of a room or house
a. Square Footage c. Stud
b. Switch d. Soffit
3. This is the vertical structure member in a wall and can be either wood
or metal.
a. Top Plate c. Electrical Plan
b. Studs d. Soffit
4. This is the horizontal member on top of a wall section.
a. Top Plate c. Electrical Plan
b. Studs d. Soffit
5. This is a rafter that is attached to the ridge at the top and the valley at
the bottom.
a. Rafter c. Valley rafter
b. Ridge roll d. Soffit
6. This is a view of the roof looking down from above.
a. Floor Plan c. Roof Plan
7. This is the lowest point in a roof where rafters of different angles
come together.
a. King Post c. Valley rafter
b. Ridge Roll valley d. Valley
8.. This plan will show every truss that will make up a roof system.
a. Truss Plan c. Framing Plan
b. Foundation Plan d. Roof Plan
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay
1. A
2. A
3. B
4. A
5. C
6. C
7. D
8. A
Date Revised:
JZGMSAT Revision #
Joey C. Maglupay

Interpret Construction Drawings

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COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority

Welcome to the module in Interpret Technical Drawings and Plans.

MODULE TITLE : Interpret Technical Drawings and Plans

NOMINAL DURATION : 4 hrs.

1. Analyze signs, symbols and data.

2. Interpret technical drawings and plans

Learning Activities Special Instructions

ANALYZE CONSTRUCTION SYMBOLS

Check your mastery in interpretation of plans and details by

• Classroom for discussion

Learning Activities Special Instructions

Orthographic projection (or orthogonal projection) is a means of

Check your mastery in interpretation of plans and details by

1-4. Enumerate the steps in making Isometric Box.

ANSWER KEY NO. 1.1-1

House Plan Terms:

Check your mastery in interpretation of plans and details by

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