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Experiment No: 1
REFRIGERATION TUTOR
INTRODUCTION:
EVAPORATOR:
Liquid refrigerant at low pressure and low temperature produces refrigerating effect
(N).
COMPRESSOR:
Low pressure from evaporator is sucked and compressed to high temperature and
pressure. The work done by the compressor is (w).
CONDENSER:
EXPANSION DEVICE:
High pressure liquid refrigerant from condenser is allowed to pass to the through the
expansion device. A capillary or thermostatic expansion valve is an expansion device
used through which the liquid refrigerant is throttled. The present unit has been
designed to demonstrate these processes and to investigate the effects of different
variables on the performance of the theoretical cycle and actual cycle of refrigeration.
SPECIFICATIONS:
SAFETY CONTROLS:
1) HPLP Cut-out:
1. High pressure cut out to switch off compress if condenser pressure exceeds set
pressure in HP side.
2. Low pressure cut out to switch off the compressor if evaporator pressure decreases
below set pressure in low pressure side.
2) Thermostat:
For switch off the compressor if the calorimeter temperature decreases below set limit.
3) Solenoid Valve:
For prevent the flow of liquid thermostatic expansion refrigerant towards thermostatic
expansion valve and to safeguard it.
SERVICES REQUIRED:
DESCRIPTION:
All the Components of refrigeration tutor are displayed on a portable metallic panel.
The unit consists of 1/3 ton capacity compressor, an air cooled condenser, a water calorimeter,
capillary and thermostatic expansion valve. Refrigerant vapours from the evaporator coil are
sucked by the compressor, and are compressed and discharged to air cooled condenser. This
high temperature and high pressure refrigerant is cooled in the condenser and is converted into
liquid form. This liquid refrigerant is then passed through rotameter and then alternatively
passed through either capillary or thermostatic expansion valve with the use of hand shut off
valve or solenoid valve respectively. The liquid refrigerant thus is throttled and is admitted to
the evaporator where it boils. In the evaporator the refrigerant is converted from liquid to the
vapor form and produces the refrigerating effect at the evaporator. The evaporator coil is fitted
in the calorimeter containing water and thus the water temperature is lowered down due to loss
heat energy by the evaporation process followed in the evaporator coil dipped in the water.
A heater is provided at the bottom of the calorimeter, which offers heat load which is
balanced by refrigerating effect produced. The calorimeter contains sufficient water until
evaporator coil is totally immersed. The temperature of the water in the calorimeter can be
observed with the help of temperature indicator. Separate pressure gauges are provided to
measure condenser and evaporator pressure. A digital temperature indicator is provided to
measure temperature of the refrigerant at inlet and outlet of condenser and evaporator. For
safety of compressor HPLP cutout and thermostat are provided. Energy meter is supplied to
measure work done by compressor and heat supplied to balance the refrigerating effect
Produced in the calorimeter. Main switch and different switches are provided for compressor,
heater, solenoid valve, condenser fan.
TEST PROCEDURE:
Note:-
To run the system on thermostatic expansion valve, put the solenoid valve switch ‘ON and
then close hand shut off valve and go for the similar procedure mentioned above.
OBSETVATION TABLE:
10 Calorimeter Temperature ˚C
SPECIMEN CALCULATIONS:
Ntheo
C. O. P (theoretical) = ⁄W
theo
Heo − Hco
= ⁄H − H
ci eo
Where,
Where,
Nh × 3600
Nactual = kW.
Th × EMCc
Nc × 3600
Wactual = kW.
Tc × EMCc
Relative C.O.P:
COPact
C. O. Prelative = .
COPtheoretical
TL
C. O. Pcarnot =
TH − TL
Where;
RESULT:
CONCLUSION:
The values of COPcarnot, COPtheo, COPact are in accordance with theory and are in
descending order.
Stop the plant on capillary circuit. Put “OFF” switches of compressor, condenser fan
and heater. The evaporator and condenser pressures will equalize after 30 minutes, with
capillary circuit open.
PRECAUTIONS: