CLS Aipmt-18-19 XI Che Study-Package-1 SET-2 Chapter-4 PDF

Chapter 4
Chemical Bonding and Molecular

Structure
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
(Kossel - Lewis Approach to Chemical Bonding, Ionic Bond, Bond Parameters)
1. The correct sequence of increasing covalent character is represented by

(1) LiCl < NaCl < BeCl2 (2) BeCl2 < LiCl < NaCl
(3) NaCl < LiCl < BeCl2 (4) BeCl2 < NaCl < LiCl
Sol. Answer (3)
According to Fajan's Rule smaller the size of cation; larger the size of anion more will be the covalent character.
Be2+ < Li+ < Na+ size of cation.
∴ Order of covalent character will be BeCl2 > LiCl > NaCl
2. The formal charges of oxygen labelled 3,2,1 in ozone respectively are
1
O
2 3
O O
(1) –1, +1, 0 (2) 0, 0, –1 (3) –1, 0, +1 (4) 0, +1, –1
Sol. Answer (3)

+1
⎡ 1 ⎤ O1
Formal charge = ⎢ V – L – S⎥ 0 –1
⎣ 2 ⎦ O2 O
3
1
⎡ V = valence e – ⎤ F.C on O1 = 6 – 2 – × 6 = +1
⎢ ⎥ 2
⎢L = lone pair ⎥ 1
⎢ S = shared pair ⎥ F.C on O 2 = 6 – 4 – × 2 = 0
⎣ ⎦ 2
1
F.C on O 3 = 6 – 6 – × 2 = – 1
2
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156 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
3. Which of the following bonds has the highest bond energy?

(1) S–S (2) O–O (3) Se–Se (4) Te–Te
Sol. Answer (1)
Expected high bond energy is in O–O due to high electron-negativity but due to smaller size ∴ will be repulsion
and bond energy will be low
∴ [(S – S) have more bond energy than O–O bond].
4. dπ – pπ bond present in
(1) CO32–
(2) PO43–
(3) NO3–
(4) NO2–
Sol. Answer (2)
dπ – pπ bond i.e. PO43– because P have d-orbital
O–
pπ –dπ
P= P
3p 3d –
dπ –pπ bond O – O–
O
O O O
5. Which one of the following statements is not correct for sigma- and pi-bonds formed between two carbon
atoms?
(1) Sigma-bond is stronger than a pi-bond
(2) Bond energies of sigma- and pi-bonds are of the order of 264 kJ/mol and 347 kJ/mol, respectively
(3) Free rotation of atoms about a sigma-bond is allowed but not in case of a pi-bond
(4) Sigma-bond determines the direction between carbon atoms but a pi-bond has no effect in this regard
Sol. Answer (2)
σ bond is stronger than π bond ∴ B.E. of σ bond is more than π bond.
6. H2O is polar, whereas BeF2 is not. It is because

(1) The electronegativity of F is greater than that of O
(2) H2O involves hydrogen bonding whereas BeF2 is a discrete molecule
(3) H2O is linear and BeF2 is angular
(4) H2O is angular and BeF2 is linear
Sol. Answer (4)
–δ
O
H2O have angular shape because of two lone pair
+δ H H +δ
180°
BeF2 have linear shape F Be F
∴ H2O is polar BeF2 is linear
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 157
7. The table shown below gives the bond dissociation energies (Ediss) for single covalent bonds of carbon(C) atoms
with element A, B, Z and D. Which element has the smallest atoms?
Bond Ediss(kJ mol–1)

C–A 240
C–B 328
C–Z 276
C–D 485
(1) Z (2) D (3) A (4) B

Sol. Answer (2)
More the dissociation energy i.e. stronger the (C–D) bond. ∴ D atoms have smaller size.
8. The correct order of C — O bond order among CO, CO32–, CO2 is
(1) CO < CO32– < CO2 (2) CO32– < CO2 < CO
(3) CO < CO2 < CO32– (4) CO2 < CO32– < CO
Sol. Answer (2)
2–
CO3 O
< O O < O
–
O O
–
B.O = 2 B.O = 3
4
B.O = = 1.33
3
(The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory, Valence Bond Theory, Hybridisation)
9. Which of the following species contains three bond pairs and one lone pair around the central atom?
(1) NH2– (2) PCl3 (3) H2O (4) BF3
Sol. Answer (2)
PCl3 have 3BP and 1LP
LP 3BP
P P=
Cl Cl 3s 3p 3d
Cl
Cl Cl Cl
3
sp
10. Which one of the following pairs of chemical species contains the ions having same hybridisation of the central
atoms?
(1) NO2– and NH2– (2) NO2– and NO3– (3) NH+4 and NO3– (4) SCN– and NH2–
Sol. Answer (2)
1
H= [V + M – C + A]
2
where H = hybridisation, V = valence e–, M = monovalent, A = Negative charge, C = Positive charge
1 6
For NO2– : H = [ 5 + 0 – 0 + 1] = = 3 sp 2
2 2
1 6
For NO3– : H = [ 5 + 0 – 0 + 1] = = 3
2 2
same hybridisation sp2
11. The geometry of electron pairs around S in SF6 is
(1) Octahedral (2) Trigonal bipyramidal (3) Square pyramidal (4) Pentagonal planar
Sol. Answer (1)
1 12 3 2
SF6 : H = [ 6 + 6 – 0 + 0] = = 6 sp d
2 2
Octahedral geometry
F
F F
S Octahedral
F F
F
12. The correct order of increasing bond angles in the following triatomic species is
(1) NO2+ < NO2– < NO2 (2) NO2– < NO2+ < NO2
(3) NO2– < NO2 < NO2+ (4) NO2+ < NO2 < NO2–
Sol. Answer (3)
1 LP
–
= 2e more repulsion
1e– less repulsion no electron
no repulsion
N N +
< < O N O
O O O O
[More the e– present more will be the repulsion smaller will be the bond angle]
[NO3– < NO2 < NO2]
13. In the hydrocarbon
CH3 — CH = CH— CH2 — C ≡ CH

6 5 4 3 2 1
The state of hybridization of carbons 1, 3 and 5 are in the following sequence
(1) sp3, sp2, sp (2) sp2, sp, sp3 (3) sp, sp3, sp2 (4) sp, sp2, sp3
Sol. Answer (3)
For 'C' compounds hybridisation H = sp(3-no. of π bond)

6 5 4 3 2 1
H3C CH CH CH2 C CH
sp
sp3 2
sp sp 2
sp 3
sp (2 π bonds)
1 π bond (2 π bonds)
1 π bond
⎧ C 1 sp ⎫
⎪ 3 ⎪
⎨ C 3 sp ⎬
⎪ 2⎪
⎩ C 5 sp ⎭
14. The BCl3 is a planar molecule whereas NCl3 is pyramidal because
(1) Nitrogen atom is smaller than boron atom
(2) BCl3 has no lone pair but NCl3 has a lone pair of electrons
(3) B – Cl bond is more polar than N – Cl bond
(4) N – Cl bond is more covalent than B – Cl bond
Sol. Answer (2)

One lp
BCl3 Zero lone pair NCl3 3 bp
B= N=
2s 2sp 2s 2sp
Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl
2 3
sp sp
∴ BCl3 have planar structure NCl3 have pyramidal structure
15. Which compound has planar structure?

(1) XeF4 (2) XeOF2 (3) XeO2F2 (4) XeO4
Sol. Answer (1)
1 12
XeF4 have H = [ 8 + 4 – 0 + 0] = = 6 = sp 3d 2 octahedral geometry
2 2
but due to two lone pair have planar shape
F F
Xe
F F
16. Which of the following pairs are isostructural?

(1) XeF2, IF2– (2) NH3, BF3 (3) CO3–2, SO3–2 (4) PCl5, ICl5
Sol. Answer (1)
XeF2 IF2–
1 10 1 10
H= [ 8 + 2 – 0 + 0] = = 5 sp 3d H= [ 7 + 2 – 0 + 1] = = 5 sp 3d
2 2 2 2
–
–
F Xe F F I F
4 lp 4 lp
17. In which of the following bond angle is maximum?

(1) NH3 (2) NH4+ (3) PCl3 (4) SCl2
Sol. Answer (2)

NH4+ have no lone pair ∴ no repulsion between lp and bp and have maximum bond angle.
18. In BrF3 molecule, the lone pairs occupy equatorial positions to minimize
(1) Lone pair-bond pair repulsion only
(2) Bond pair-bond pair repulsion only
(3) Lone pair-lone pair repulsion and lone pair-bond pair repulsion
(4) Lone pair-lone pair repulsion only
Sol. Answer (3)
lp–lp repulsion and lp–bp repulsion will be minimum when lp occupy equatorial positions.
F
Br F
19. Which of the following species has a linear shape?

(1) O3 (2) NO2– (3) SO2 (4) NO2+
Sol. Answer (4)
NO2+ have linear geometry because of no lone pair. No repulsion
O N O
20. The correct order regarding the electronegativity of hybrid orbitals of carbon is
(1) sp < sp2 < sp3 (2) sp > sp2 < sp3 (3) sp > sp2 > sp3 (4) sp < sp2 > sp3
Sol. Answer (3)
More then s-character more closer towards the nucleus more will be the electronegativity
2 3
sp > sp > sp
(50%s) (33%s) (25%s)
21. In which of the following molecules all the bonds are not equal?
(1) NF3 (2) CIF3 (3) BF3 (4) PF3
Sol. Answer (2)
ClF3 have sp3d hybridisation and have 3bp and 2lp.
axial F
F
axial bonds Cl T-shape
are larger F
F Cl than equatorial
at bonds
equatorial F
position
22. In a regular octahedral molecule, MX6 the number of X – M – X bonds at 180º is
(1) Three (2) Two (3) Six (4) Four
Sol. Answer (1)
X 180°
X X
X M X bonds at 180° = 3.
M
X X
X 180°
180°
23. In NO3– ion number of bond pair and lone pair of electrons on nitrogen atom are
(1) 2, 2 (2) 3, 1 (3) 1, 3 (4) 4, 0
Sol. Answer (4)

O
NO3
–
O No. of lp = 0
No. of bp = 4
O–
24. In an octahedral structure, the pair of d orbitals involved in sp3d2 hybridisation is
(1) d x 2 − y 2 , d z 2 (2) d xz , d x 2 − y 2 (3) d z 2 , d xz (4) d xy , d yz
Sol. Answer (1)
d2sp3 have d and d

x2 − y2 z2
25. The hybrid orbital having only 20% d character
(1) CCl4 (2) SF6 (3) SF4 (4) Cl2O
Sol. Answer (3)
SF4 have hybridisation sp3d i.e. five orbital total
∴ have 20% d character. 20% s and 60% p-character.
26. Which of the following statement is correct?
(1) The hybridisation of Cl in ClF3 is sp2
(2) The number of lone pairs and bond pairs in I3– are 2 and 2 respectively
(3) The shape of XeF6 is distorted square bipyramidal
(4) Hybridisation of S is sp3 in SO2
Sol. Answer (3)
1 14
XeF6 H= [ 8 + 6 – 0 + 0] = = 7 sp3d3 i.e. distorted square pyramidal because of one lone pair
2 7
F
F F
Xe
F F
F 1 LP
27. Which of the following would have a permanent dipole moment?

(1) SiF4 (2) SF4 (3) XeF4 (4) BF3
Sol. Answer (2)
SF4 have sea-saw shape i.e. distorted geometry ∴ it will have permanent dipole moments.
F
F
S μ≠0
[SiF4 = BF3 = XeF4 = Planar = μ = 0]
F
F
(Molecular Orbital Theory, Hydrogen Bonding)
28. Main axis of a diatomic molecule is z, orbital px and py overlap with each other to form which of the following
molecular orbitals?
(1) π molecular orbital (2) σ molecular orbital (3) δ molecular orbital (4) No bond will form
Sol. Answer (4)
No overlapping
+ = no overlapping
PY PX
⎧i .e p z – p z ⎫
⎪ ⎪
Overlapping will only possible when lobers are symmetrical about the axis perpendicular to the axis ⎨ p y – p y ⎬
⎪ ⎪
⎩ px – px ⎭
29. N2 and O2 are converted into monoanions N2– and O2– respectively, which of the following statements is wrong?
(1) In O2–, bond length increases (2) N2– becomes diamagnetic
(3) In N2–, the N–N bond weakens (4) In O2–, the O–O bond order decreases
Sol. Answer (2)
O2 = π*2px1 = π*2py1 O2– = π*2px2 = π*2py1
N2 = π2px2 = π2py1 N2– = π2px2 = π2py2, π2py1
[N2– have compound electrons i.e. paramagnetic]
30. Which one of the following species does not exist under normal conditions?
(1) Li2 (2) Be2+ (3) Be2 (4) B2
Sol. Answer (3)
Be2 does not exist because [Nb = Na]
Be2 = 8 = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2
31. The molecular orbital shown below can be described respectively as
+
–
π 2px
+ –
– +
∗
π 2px
(1) σ, σ* (2) π, π* (3) π*, π (4) π*, σ*
Sol. Answer (2)
+ – +
+ –
[π molecular orbital]
[π * two nodal planes]
32. Which of the following molecule stabilizes by removal of electron?
(1) C2 (2) O2 (3) N2 (4) H2
Sol. Answer (2)
On removing e– from O2 its bond order increases from 2 to 2.5 ∴ stability increases.
⎧⎪ O 2 = σ1s 2 ... * 2p x 1 = * 2p y 1 ⎫⎪
⎨ + 2 1 0
⎬
⎩⎪ O 2 = σ1s ...π 2p x = * 2p y ⎭⎪
33. Number of nodal planes in π*2px are

(1) Zero (2) One (3) Two (4) Three
Sol. Answer (3)
34. The low density of ice compared to water is due to

(1) Dipole-induced dipole interactions
(2) Induced dipole induced dipole interactions
(3) Hydrogen bonding interactions
(4) Dipole-dipole interactions
Sol. Answer (3)
H2O have more density because on increases the temperature ‘H’ bonding interaction increases volume
decreases and density increases. [Density of H2O > density of ice]
35. Which one of the following has the strongest O – O bond?

(1) O2+ (2) O2 (3) O2– (4) O22–
Sol. Answer (1)
More the bond order more will the bond strength [Bond strength ∝ bond order]
O2 = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2pz2, π2px2 = π2py2, π*2px1 = π*2py1
10 – 6
B.O = =2
2
10 – 5
O2+ = B.O = = 2.5
2
10 – 7
O2– = B.O = = 1.5
2
10 – 8
O22– = B.O = =1
2
O2+ have maximum bond order and have strongest O–O bond.
36. Which species does not exhibit paramagnetism?

(1) N2+ (2) O2– (3) CO (4) NO
Sol. Answer (3)
CO have 14 e– i.e. even no. and also have filled molecular orbitals.
CO = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2px2 = π2py2, σ2pz2 all paired e–
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
(Kossel - Lewis Approach to Chemical Bonding, Ionic Bond, Bond Parameters)
1. According to octet rule the compound which contain ionic, covalent and coordinate bonds
(1) CaSO4 (2) NH4Cl (3) NaNO3 (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Ca2+ SO42– NH4Cl NaNO3
Ionic + –
NH4 Cl Ionic Na+ NO3–
O OCovalent
[NH3 ⎯ → H+] Co-ordinate
S
– N H Covalent N O
O
O–
H O –
H O
Co-ordinate covalent
All have ionic, covalent and co-ordinate covalent bond
2. Which of the following molecule is having least ionic character?

(1) FeCl2 (2) ZnCl2 (3) MgCl2 (4) NaCl
Sol. Answer (2)
Full filled and half filled have maximum covalent character ∴ ZnCl2 have 3d10 configuration have maximum
polarising power.
3. In PO43– ion, the effective charge on each oxygen atom and P–O bond order respectively are
(1) –0.75, 1.25 (2) –0.75, 1.0 (3) –0.75, 0.6 (4) –3, 1.25
Sol. Answer (1)
−3 O
Effective charge =
4
P
1 5 –
O O
–
B.O. = 1 + = = 1.25 –
4 4 O
4. A certain diatomic molecule, AB has dipole moment 1.6 D and the internuclear distance is
100 pm. The percentage of electronic charge existing on more electronegative atom is
(1) 33% (2) 25% (3) 50% (4) 10%
Sol. Answer (1)
μ obsc 1.6 × 10 –18 esu-cm

% ionic = = = 33%
μ cal 100 × 10 –18 × 4.8 × 10 –10 esu-cm
Cl
5. Dipole moment of is 1.1 D hence dipole moment of given compound will be
Cl
Cl
Cl Cl
(1) 1.1 D (2) 4.4 D (3) 3.3 D (4) 2.56 D
Sol. Answer (1)
Cl
1 Cl
6 dipole moment of 1, 3, 5 chlorine
2
3 will be cancelled due to symmetry
Cl ∴ dipole moment exist only due to
5 4
Cl C–2. i.e. 1.1 D
6. In the given structure of a compound, the correct various bond moments direction involving atoms are shown as
(1) Br N CH2 SiH2 CH2 O CH3 (2) Br N CH2 SiH2 CH2 O CH3
(3) Br N CH2 SiH2 CH2 O CH3 (4) Br N CH2 SiH2 CH2 O CH3
Sol. Answer (3)
Electronegativity N > Br > C
7. Which molecule contains both polar and non-polar covalent bond?
(1) NH4+ (2) HCl (3) CH4 (4) H2O2
Sol. Answer (4)
H2O2 have open book structure
–8
+8
+8 O H
H O Non-polar covalent bond

because atoms of same
–8 electronegativity are present
Polar covalent bond
because different
electronegativity
atoms are present
8. Which of the following is a polar molecule?
(1) Para dichlorobenzene

(2) Carbon tetrachloride
(3) Tetrachloroethene
(4) HO OH
Sol. Answer (4)

H
O
O
H
(The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory, Valence Bond Theory, Hybridisation)
9. Which of the following is correct for XeO2F2 and PCl5?

(1) Both have same hybridisation and shape
(2) Both have same hybridisation but different geometry
(3) Both have different hybridisation but same shape
(4) Both have same hybridisation but different shape
Sol. Answer (4)
XeO2F2 PCl5
1 1
Hybridisation = [V + M – C + A] H= [V + M – C + A]
2 2
1 1
H= [ 8 + 2 – 0 + 0] H= [ 5 + 5 – 0 + 0]
2 2
10
= 5 [sp3d] H=5 sp3d
2
Shape F Cl
O Cl
Xe Cl P
F O Cl Cl
See-saw shape Trigonal bipyramidal
10. The maximum number of 180° angle possible between X-M-X bond for compounds with sp3d 2 and sp3d
hybridisation respectively are
(1) 3, 3 (2) 3, 1 (3) 1, 3 (4) 3, 0
Sol. Answer (2)
X X
X X X X M X
X M X
M 180° =3. X M 180°
X X X
X X
sp3d 2 octahedral 3
sp d trigonal bipyramidal
11. Incorrect statement regarding hybridization is
(1) It is not possible for isolated atoms
(2) Number of hybrid orbital formed is same as the number of orbitals combining
(3) Only the half filled orbitals and fully filled orbitals can participate not the empty orbital
(4) It is not a real physical process
Sol. Answer (3)
Fully filled, half filled, empty orbitals participate in ‘H’ in excited state e– excited to empty orbital.
12. In hybrid state of N atom is

N
H
(1) sp2 (2) sp3 (3) sp3d2 (4) sp
Sol. Answer (2)
N have three bond pair and one lone pair
∴ its hybridisation will be sp3
13. The shape of I3– is
(1) Linear
(2) Bent
(3) Pyramidal
(4) See saw
Sol. Answer (1)

–
I3– = [I– . I2] I I2
1
H= [V + M – C + A] I– have 8 e–
2
1 10
= [ 7 + 2 – 0 + 1] = = sp 3 d ∴ by combining with two I2, I– have 3 LP and 2 BP
2 2
I
–
Structure of I3
I3– have linear structure

I–
I
14. Number of angles of 109°28′ is present in CCl4

(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 6 (4) 8
Sol. Answer (3)
Cl1 1 Cl C Cl2
109.28° will be in
C 1 Cl C Cl3
Cl2
Total '6' Cl C Cl4
Cl4 1
Cl3
2 Cl C Cl3
2 Cl C Cl4
3 Cl C Cl4
15. Number of carbon atoms present in sp2 hybrid state of given molecule?
CH = CH—CH3
(1) 9 (2) 8 (3) 3 (4) 2

Sol. Answer (2)
sp2 sp2
2
sp CH CH2 CH3
sp22 sp
sp2 sp
sp2 Total 8 ‘C’ are present and have
2
sp hybridisation
16. In a regular trigonal bipyramidal MX5, the number of X – M – X bonds at 180º is

(1) One (2) Two (3) Six (4) Four
Sol. Answer (1)
17. Some of the properties of the two species, NO3– and H3O+ are described below. Which one of them is correct?
(1) Dissimilar hybridization for the central atom with different structures
(2) Isostructural with same hybridization for the central atom
(3) Isostructural with different hybridization for the central atom
(4) Similar hybridization for the central atom with different structures
Sol. Answer (1)
– 2 H3O+ = sp3
Hybridisation NO3 = sp
O O
Structure H Pyramidal
N H
–
H
O O
Different hydridisation and different structural
arrangement
18. Which of the following is not a correct statement?
(1) Multiple bonds are always shorter than corresponding single bonds
(2) The electron-deficient molecules can act as Lewis acids
(3) The canonical structures have no real existence
(4) Every AB5 molecules does in fact have square pyramid structure
Sol. Answer (4)
AB5 molecule geometry also depends upon the no. of lone pair
∴ always AB5 will not have square pyramid structure.
AB5 = trigonal bipyramid, or square pyramid
19. Arrange the following species in increasing order of bond angle

NF3 , NCl3, NBr3, NI3
(1) NF3 < NCl3 < NBr3 < NI3 (2) NF3 < NBr3 < NI3 < NCI3
(3) NI3 < NBr3 < NCl3 < NF3 (4) NBr3 < NI3 < NF3 < NCl3
Sol. Answer (1)
20. Which of the following is correct representation of dipole moment of NH3 molecule?
N N
(1) H (2) H H
H
H H
μresultant μresultant
(3) H H (4) NH3 being symmetrical will not show dipole moment
H
μresultant
Sol. Answer (2)
N H is less electromagnetic than N

∴ Net dipole moment will be toward
+δ ‘N’ atom
H H +δ
H +δ
(Molecular Orbital Theory, Hydrogen Bonding)
21. The ground state electronic configuration of valence shell electrons in nitrogen molecule (N2) is written as kk,
⎡π2p 2y ⎤
σ2s2, σ*2s2, ⎢ 2⎥
, σ2p 2x . Hence the bond order in nitrogen molecule is
⎣⎢π2p z ⎦⎥
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 0 (4) 1
Sol. Answer (2)
No. of bonding – No. of antibonding 8–2

Bond order = = =3
2 2
Bond order of N2 = 3
22. Which of the following statements are correct?

I. Bond order of NO is 2.5
II. Bond order of NO+ is 3.0
III. Bond order of O2 is 1.5
IV. Bond order of CO is 3.0
(1) I, II, III (2) II, III, IV (3) I, II, IV (4) II, IV
Sol. Answer (3)
10 – 5
NO = 15 = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2pz2, σ2px2 = π2py2, π2px1 B.O = = 2.5
2
10 – 4
NO+ = 14 = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2pz2, σ2px2 = π2py2, π2px2, π*2px0 B.O = =3
2
10 – 6
O2 = 16 = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2pz2, π2px2 = π2py2, π2px0 B.O = =2
2
CO = 14 = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, π*2x2 = π2py2, σ2pz2, σ*2ps2 10 – 4

B.O = =3
2
3.0
∴ ⎧NO 2.5 ⎫
⎪ + ⎪
⎨NO 3 ⎬
⎪CO 3 ⎪
⎩ ⎭
23. The number of antibonding electron pairs in O2–

(1) 2 (2) 3
(3) 1 (4) 4
Sol. Answer (2)
O2– = 17 = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2pz2, π2px2 = π2py2, π2px2 = π*2py1
Number of antibonding electron pairs are 3.
24. How many bonds are formed by each oxygen atom in ice?
(1) 4 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) May be 1 or 2
Sol. Answer (1)
Each oxygen atom will form 4 bonds i.e.

O
H-bond
H H
O
Covalent bond
H H
25. o-nitrophenol is
(1) More volatile than p-nitrophenol (2) Less volatile than p-nitrophenol
(3) Equally volatile as p-nitropheno (4) Non-volatile
Sol. Answer (1)
H
O H
O O
N Intermolecular
O H-bonding
Intramolecular (stronger bonding)
N
H-bonding O as it is with in two
O
(weaker bonding) molecules.
H
as it is in the same O
molecule.
N
O O
∴ o-nitrophenol will easily evaporated compared to p-nitrophenol
26. Which of the following pair consists of only paramagnetic species?

(1) H2, O2+ (2) N2, O2 (3) CO, N2 (4) H2+, O2–
Sol. Answer (4)
H2+ = σ 1s1 O2– = σ 1s2...π 2px2 = π 2py2, π *2px2 = π*2py1
1 unpaired electron 1 unpaired electron in π *2py1

in σ 1s
SECTION - C
Previous Years Questions
1. Which of the following pairs of compounds is isoelectronic and isostructural? [NEET-2017]
(1) BeCl2, XeF2 (2) Tel2, XeF2 (3) IBr2− , XeF2 (4) IF3, XeF2
Answer (3)
Sol. IBr2–, XeF2
Total number of valence electrons are equal in both the species and both the species are linear also.
2. The species, having bond angles of 120° is [NEET-2017]
(1) PH3 (2) CIF3 (3) NCl3 (4) BCl3
Answer (4)
Cl
120°
Sol. B
Cl Cl
3. Which one of the following pairs of species have the same bond order? [NEET-2017]
(1) CO, NO (2) O2, NO+ (3) CN–, CO (4) N2, O2–
Answer (3)
Sol. CN(–) and CO have bond order 3 each.
4. Which one of the following compounds shows the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bond?
[NEET-Phase-2-2016]
(1) H2O2 (2) HCN
(3) Cellulose (4) Concentrated acetic acid
Sol. Answer (3)
Fact.
5. The hybridizations of atomic orbitals of nitrogen in NO2+ , NO3− and NH+4 respectively are
[NEET-Phase-2-2016]
(1) sp, sp3 and sp2 (2) sp2, sp3 and sp (3) sp, sp2 and sp3 (4) sp2, sp and sp3
Sol. Answer (3)
(+)
..O.. (–)
H
..O = +1 .
N = O.
(+)
; N
..
–1 N –1 ;
..O +1 .
O. H H
..
.. ..
.. ..
sp
H
sp2 sp3
6. Which of the following pairs of ions is isoelectronic and isostructural? [NEET-Phase-2-2016]
(1) CO32− , NO3− (2) CIO3− , CO32− (3) SO32− , NO3− (4) CIO3− , SO32−
Sol. Answer (1, 4)
Option (1) :
..O.. 2(–)
O
–1
C ; N
..O O.
. ..O +1 O.
.
.. ..
.. ..
.. ..
.. ..
–1 –1 –1 –1
Both have 32 electrons with trigonal planar structure.

Option (4) :
– 2(–)
..O Cl (–).. ; ..O S

..(–)
.. ..
.. ..
..O O ..O.. O
..
..
(–)
..
..
Both have 42 electrons with pyramidal structure.

7. The correct geometry and hybridization for XeF4 are [NEET-Phase-2-2016]
(1) Octahedral, sp3d 2 (2) Trigonal bipyramidal, sp3d
(3) Planar triangle, sp3d 3 (4) Square planar, sp3d 2
Sol. Answer (1)
XeF4, has octahedral geometry where hybridisation of Xe is sp3d2.
8. Among the following, which one is a wrong statement? [NEET-Phase-2-2016]
(1) PH5 and BiCl5 do not exist (2) pπ-dπ bonds are present in SO2
(3) SeF4 and CH4 have same shape (4) I3+ has bent geometry
Sol. Answer (3)
Shape of SeF4 would be see saw whereas that of CH4 would be tetrahedral.
9. Predict the correct order among the following. [NEET-2016]
(1) lone pair - bond pair > bond pair - bond pair > lone pair - lone pair
(2) lone pair - lone pair > lone pair - bond pair > bond pair - bond pair
(3) lone pair - lone pair > bond pair - bond pair > lone pair - bond pair
(4) bond pair - bond pair > lone pair - bond pair > lone pair - lone pair
Sol. Answer (2)
Fact
10. Consider the molecules CH4, NH3 and H2O. Which of the given statements is false? [NEET-2016]
(1) The H – C – H bond angle in CH4 is larger than the H – N – H bond angle in NH3
(2) The H – C – H bond angle in CH4, the H – N – H bond angle in NH3, and the H – O – H bond angle in H2O
are all greater than 90°
(3) The H – O – H bond angle in H2O is larger than the H – C – H bond angle in CH4
(4) The H – O – H bond angle in H2O is smaller than the H – N – H bond angle in NH3
Sol. Answer (3)
Molecules Bond angle
CH4 ⎯→ 109.5°
NH3 ⎯→ 107.5°
H2O ⎯→ 104.45°
11. Decreasing order of stability of O2, O2–, O2+ and O22– is [Re-AIPMT-2015]
(1) O2 > O2+ > O22– > O2– (2) O2– > O22– > O2+ > O2
(3) O2+ > O2 > O2– > O22– (4) O22– > O2– > O2 > O2+
Sol. Answer (3)
Stability ∝ bond-order.
O2+ > O2 > O2– > O22–

Bond order : 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0
12. In which of the following pairs, both the species are not isostructural? [Re-AIPMT-2015]
(1) NH3, PH3 (2) XeF4, XeO4
(3) SiCl4, PCl4+ (4) Diamond, silicon carbide
Sol. Answer (2)
O
F F
Xe & Xe O
F F
O O
Square planar Tetrahedral
13. Maximum bond angle at nitrogen is present in which of the following? [AIPMT-2015]
(1) NO3− (2) NO2 (3) NO2− (4) NO2+
Sol. Answer (4)
NO ⊕2 have linear geometry
14. The enolic form of ethyl acetoacetate as below has [AIPMT-2015]

H H2
H3C C O H3C C O
C C C C
OH OC2H5 O OC2H5
(1) 9 sigma bonds and 1 pi-bond
(2) 18 sigma bonds and 2 pi-bonds
(3) 16 sigma bonds and 1 pi-bond
(4) 9 sigma bonds and 2 pi-bonds
Sol. Answer (2)
15. Which of the following species contains equal number of σ- and π-bonds? [AIPMT-2015]
(1) CH2(CN)2 (2) HCO3– (3) XeO4 (4) (CN)2
Sol. Answer (3)
16. The correct bond order in the following species is [AIPMT-2015]
(1) O2– < O2+ < O22 + (2) O 2+ + –

2 < O2 < O2 (3) O2+ – +
2 < O2 < O 2 (4) O+2 < O2– < O2+
2
Sol. Answer (1)
17. Which of the following pairs of ions are isoelectronic and isostructural? [AIPMT-2015]
(1) ClO3− , SO32− (2) CO32− , SO32− (3) ClO3− , CO32− (4) SO32− , NO3−
Sol. Answer (1)
18. Which of the following options represents the correct bond order? [AIPMT-2015]
(1) O2− < O2 > O2+ (2) O2− > O2 > O2+
(3) O2− < O2 < O2+ (4) O2− > O2 < O2+
Sol. Answer (3)
19. The total number of π-bond electrons in the following structure is [AIPMT-2015]
H3C H H H
CH3
H3C
H2C H CH3
(1) 16 (2) 4 (3) 8 (4) 12
Sol. Answer (3)
20. Which of the following molecules has the maximum dipole moment? [AIPMT-2014]
(1) CO2 (2) CH4 (3) NH3 (4) NF3
Sol. Answer (3)
21. Which one of the following species has plane triangular shape? [AIPMT-2014]
(1) N3 (2) NO3– (3) NO2– (4) CO2
Sol. Answer (3)
–
O
– + –
N N N N
O O
N
– O C O
O O
22. Which one of the following molecules contains no π bond? [NEET-2013]
(1) H2O (2) SO2 (3) NO2 (4) CO2
Sol. Answer (1)
O
H2O have only sigma bond σ
σ
H H
23. Which of the following is a polar molecule? [NEET-2013]
(1) SF4 (2) SiF4 (3) XeF4 (4) BF3
Sol. Answer (1)
24. Which of the following is paramagnetic? [NEET-2013]
– –
(1) O 2
(2) CN
+
(3) NO (4) CO
Sol. Answer (1)
25. The pair of species with the same bond order is [AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
(1) NO, CO (2) N2, O2
(3) O22–, B2 (4) O2+, NO+
Sol. Answer (3)
10 – 8
O22– = 18 = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2pz2, π2px2 = π2py2, π2px2 = π*2py2 B.O = =1
2
6–4
B2 = 10 = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, π2px1 = π2py1 B.O = =1
2
O22– and B2 have same bond order

26. Bond order of 1.5 is shown by [AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
(1) O22− (2) O2 (3) O2+ (4) O2−

Sol. Answer (4)
27. Which one of the following pairs is isostructural (i.e. having the same shape and hybridization)?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
(1) [NF3 and BF3]
(2) [ BF4− and NH+4 ]
(3) [BCl3 and BrCl3]
(4) [NH3 and NO3− ]
Sol. Answer (2)

BF4– NH4+
1 1
H= [ 3 + 4 – 0 + 1] H= [ 5 + 4 – 1 + 0]
2 2
8 8
= = 4 = sp 3 = = 4 = sp 3
2 2
Tetrahedral shape Tetrahedral shape
–
F H
B F N H
F H
F H
[Both are having tetrahedral shape and same hybridisation]

28. During change of O2 to O22– ion, the electron adds on which one of the following orbitals?
[AIPMT (Mains)-2012]
(1) π* orbitals (2) π orbitals (3) σ* orbitals (4) σ orbitals
Sol. Answer (1)
2 ∗ 2 1 ∗ 1
O2 = 16 = σ 1s , σ 1s ......∗ 2px = π 2py
e– added
∗
2– 2 ∗ 2 2 x 2
in π orbital
O2 = 18 = σ 1s , σ 1s ......∗ 2px = π 2py
29. Four diatomic species are listed below. Identify the correct order in which the bond order is increasing in them
(1) NO < O2− < C22− < He2+ (2) O2− < NO < C22− < He2+
(3) C22− < He2+ < O2− < NO (4) He2+ < O2− < NO < C22−
Sol. Answer (4)

30. Which of the following has the minimum bond length? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) O2 (2) O2+ (3) O2– (4) O2–

2
Sol. Answer (2)
1
Bond length ∝ Bond order O2 = 2
Bond order +
O2 = 2.5 by molecular
–
O2 = 1.5 orbital theory
O2– = 1
∴ [O2+ have minimum bond length]

31. The correct order of increasing bond length of C – H, C – O, C – C and C = C is [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) C–H<C–O<C–C<C=C (2) C–H<C=C<C–O<C–C
(3) C–C<C=C<C–O<C–H (4) C–O<C–H<C–C<C=C
Sol. Answer (2)
32. Which of the two ions from the list given below that have the geometry that is explained by the same hybridization
of orbitals NO2− , NO3− , NH2− , NH+4 , SCN– [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) NO2− and NH2− (2) NO2− and NO3− (3) NH+4 and NO3− (4) SCN– and NH2−
Sol. Answer (2)

33. Which of the following structures is the most preferred and hence of lowest energy for SO3 ?
|O| |O|
(1) S (2) S
|
|O
|O
|
|O
|O|
|O
|
|
|O|
S S
(3) (4)
|
|O
|O
|
|O
|O
|
|
Sol. Answer (2)

Molecule having covalent bond. Without resonance have maximum stability; minimum energy
S
O O
34. The pairs of species of oxygen and their magnetic behaviours are noted below. Which of the following presents the
correct description? [AIPMT (Mains)-2011]
(1) O2+, O2 – Both paramagnetic (2) O2, O22− – Both paramagnetic
(3) O2–, O22− – Both diamagnetic (4) O2+ , O22− – Both paramagnetic
Sol. Answer (1)
35. Which one of the following species does not exist under normal conditions? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) Be2+ (2) Be2 (3) B2 (4) Li2
Sol. Answer (2)

36. In which of the following pairs of molecules/ions, the central atoms have sp2 hybridization?
(1) NO2− and NH3 (2) BF3 and NO2−
(3) NH2− and H2O (4) BF3 and NH2−

Sol. Answer (2)
37. In which one of the following species the central atom has the type of hybridization which is not the same as that
present in the other three? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
–
(1) SF4 (2) I3 (3) SbCl3– (4) PCl5
Sol. Answer (3)
38. In which of the following molecules the central atom does not have sp3 hybridization? [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
–
(1) CH4 (2) SF4 (3) BF 4
(4) NH+4
Sol. Answer (2)
39. Some of the properties of the two species, NO3− and H3O+ are described below. Which one of them is correct?
(1) Dissimilar in hybridization for the central atom with different structures
(2) Isostructural with same hybridization for the central atom
(3) Isostructural with different hybridization for the central atom
(4) Similar in hybridization for the central atom with different structures
Sol. Answer (1)
40. What is the dominant intermolecular force or bond that must be overcome in converting liquid CH3OH to a gas?
(1) Dipole-dipole interaction (2) Covalent bonds
(3) London dispersion force (4) Hydrogen bonding
Sol. Answer (4)
41. According to MO theory which of the following lists ranks the nitrogen species in terms of increasing bond order?
(1) N22− < N2− < N2 (2) N2 < N22− < N2−
(3) N2− < N22− < N2 (4) N2− < N2 < N22−
Sol. Answer (1)

42. In which of the following molecules/ions BF3, NO2–, NH2– and H2O, the central atom is sp2 hybridized ?
(1) NH2− and H2O (2) NO2− and H2O
(3) BF3 and NO2− (4) NO2− and NH2−
Sol. Answer (3)

43. In the case of alkali metals, the covalent character decreases in the order [AIPMT (Prelims)-2009]
(1) MF > MCl > MBr > MΙ (2) MF > MCl > MΙ > MBr
(3) MΙ > MBr > MCl > MF (4) MCl > MΙ > MBr > MF
Sol. Answer (3)
For same cation larger anion more will be covalent character
∴ MI > MBr > MCl > MF
44. Four diatomic species are listed below the different sequences. Which of these presents the correct order of their
increasing bond order? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2008]
(1) He2+ < O2− < NO < C22− (2) O2− < NO < C22− < He2+
(3) NO < C22− < O2− < He2+ (4) C22− < He2+ < NO < O2−
Sol. Answer (1)
45. The angular shape of molecule (O3) consists of [AIPMT (Prelims)-2008]
(1) 2 sigma and 1 pi bond (2) 1 sigma and 2 pi bonds
(3) 2 sigma and 2 pi bonds (4) 1 sigma and 1 pi bond
Sol. Answer (1)
O
O3 have angular shape have two σ bond
O O
and 1 π bond
46. The correct order of increasing bond angles in the following triatomic species is [AIPMT (Prelims)-2008]
(1) NO2+ < NO2− < NO2 (2) NO2− < NO2+ < NO2
(3) NO2− < NO2 < NO2+ (4) NO2+ < NO2 < NO2−
Sol. Answer (3)
47. The correct order of (C–O) bond length among CO, CO3−2 , CO2 is [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) CO < CO2 < CO3−2 (2) CO2 < CO3−2 < CO
(3) CO < CO3−2 < CO2 (4) CO3−2 < CO2 < CO
Sol. Answer (1)

48. In which of the following pairs, the two species are iso-structural ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) BrO3− and XeO3 (2) SF4 and XeF4
(3) SO32− and NO3− (4) BF3 and NF3
Sol. Answer (1)

49. Which of the following is not a correct statement? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) The electron-deficient molecules can act as Lewis acids
(2) The canonical structures have no real existence
(3) Every AB5 molecule does in fact have square pyramid structure
(4) Multiple bonds are always shorter than corresponding single bonds
Sol. Answer (3)
50. The number of unpaired electrons in a paramagnetic diatomic molecule of an element with atomic number 16 is
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 1
Sol. Answer (1)
51. Which of the following species has a linear shape ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) NO2− (2) SO2
(3) NO2+ (4) O3
Sol. Answer (3)
52. The electronegativity difference between N and F is greater than that between N and H yet the dipole moment
of NH3 (1.5 D) is larger than that of NF3 (0.2 D). This is because [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) In NH3 as well as in NF3 the atomic dipole and bond dipole are in the same direction
(2) In NH3 the atomic dipole and bond dipole are in the same direction whereas in NF3 these are in opposite
directions
(3) In NH3 as well as NF3 the atomic dipole and bond dipole are in opposite directions
(4) In NH3 the atomic dipole and bond dipole are in the opposite directions whereas in NF3 these are in the same
directions
Sol. Answer (2)
N N
–δ
–δ
H H F –δ F
H F
53. Which of the following molecules has trigonal planar geometry? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) IF3 (2) PCl3 (3) NH3 (4) BF3
Sol. Answer (4)
54. Which of the following would have a permanent dipole moment ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) BF3 (2) SiF4 (3) SF4 (4) XeF4
Sol. Answer (3)
55. The correct order in which the O – O bond length increases in the following is [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) H2O2 < O2 < O3 (2) O3 < H2O2 < O2
(3) O2 < O3 < H2O2 (4) O2 < H2O2 < O3
Sol. Answer (3)
56. The correct sequence of increasing covalent character is represented by [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) LiCl < NaCl < BeCl2 (2) BeCl2 < NaCl < LiCl
(3) NaCl < LiCl < BeCl2 (4) BeCl2 < LiCl < NaCl
Sol. Answer (3)
57. Which one of the following oxides is expected to exhibit paramagnetic behaviour? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) CO2 (2) SO2 (3) CIO2 (4) SiO2
Sol. Answer (3)
58. Which of the following species contains three bond pairs and two lone pairs around the central atom?
(1) NH2– (2) ClF3 (3) H2O (4) BF3
Sol. Answer (2)

ClF3
Cl F [3 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs]
F
F
59. Bond order of 2.5 is shown by
(1) O22– (2) O2 (3) O2+ (4) O2–
Sol. Answer (3)
O2+ = 15 = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2pz2, π2px2 = π2py2, π*2px1 = π*2py0
10 – 5
B.O = = 2.5
2
60. The outer orbitals of C in ethene molecule can be considered to be hybridized to give three equivalent sp2
orbitals. The total number of sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds in ethene molecule is
(1) 1 sigma (σ) and 2 pi (π) bonds (2) 3 sigma (σ) and 2 pi (π) bonds
(3) 4 sigma (σ) and 1 pi (π) bonds (4) 5 sigma (σ) and 1 pi (π) bonds
Sol. Answer (4)
H σ π σ H
Ethene = C σ Cσ Total no. of σ bond = 5
H σ H π bond = 1
2
sp sp 2
61. Which of the following is paramagnetic?
(1) C22− (2) Na2O2 (3) NO2 (4) CO
Sol. Answer (3)

C22–, O22–, CO have even number of electron will be diamagnetic, NO2 have unpaired electron will be
paramagnetic.
62. The geometry of electron pairs around I in IF5 is
(1) Octahedral (2) Trigonal bipyramidal
(3) Square pyramidal (4) Pentagonal planar
Sol. Answer (1)
1 12
IF5 H= [ 7 + 5 – 0 + 0] = = 6 sp 3d 2 Geometry = octahedral
2 2
63. In which of the following pair both the species have sp3 hybridization?
(1) H2S, BF3 (2) SiF4, BeH2 (3) NF3, H2O (4) NF3, BF3
Sol. Answer (3)
1 8 1 8
NH 3 H= [ 5 + 3 – 0 + 0 ] = = sp 3 H 2O H= [ 6 + 2 – 0 + 0] = = sp 3
2 2 2 2
[NH3 and H2O have same hybridisation but have different shape.]
64. In the hydrocarbon
CH3
CH 3 – C ≡ C – CH – C ≡ CH
6 5 4 3 2 1
The state of hybridization of carbons 1, 3 and 5 are in the following sequence

(1) sp3, sp2, sp (2) sp2, sp, sp3 (3) sp, sp3, sp (4) sp, sp2, sp3
Sol. Answer (3)
CH3
6 5 4 3 2 1 (3-no. of π bonds)
H3C C C CH C CH Hybridisation = sp
sp sp3 sp
65. Which of the following molecule does not possess a permanent dipole moment?
(1) CS2 (2) SO32– (3) H2S (4) SO2
Sol. Answer (1)
–8 –8
μ = 0 for CS2 S = C = S linear geometry
sp hybridisation
66. In which of the following compound there is more than one kind of hybridization (sp, sp2, sp3) for carbon?
(1) CH2 = CH–CH = CH2 (2) H–C ≡ C–H
(3) CH3CH2CH2CH3 (4) CH3–CH = CH–CH3
Sol. Answer (4)
π
H 3C σ CH CH σ CH 3 3
contain both sp ∝ sp
sp3 sp2 sp2 sp3
67. Which of the following bonds has the highest energy?

(1) C–C (2) C≡C (3) C=C (4) C–H
Sol. Answer (2)
C ≡ C have two π bond and one σ bond, therefore will be more stronger.
68. The structure and hybridization of Si(CH3)4 is
(1) Octahedral, sp3d (2) Tetrahedral, sp3 (3) Bent, sp (4) Trigonal, sp2
Sol. Answer (2)
1 8
⎡⎣Si ( CH 3 ) 4 ⎤⎦ H= [ 4 + 4 – 0 + 0] = = 4 sp 3
2 2
CH3
3
Si Tetrahedral and sp
H3C CH3
CH3
69. The number of bonding electron pairs in N2 on the basis of molecular orbital theory is
(1) 3 (2) 2 (3) 5 (4) 4
Sol. Answer (3)
N2 = 14 = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, π2px2 = π2py2, σ*2pz2
B B B B B
[No. of bonding pair = 5]
70. Which compound is electron deficient?
(1) NCl3 (2) BCl3 (3) CCl4 (4) PCl5
Sol. Answer (2)
Cl
B Planar sp2
BCl3 is electron deficient molecule
Cl Cl
71. Which compound form polymer due to H-bond?
(1) H2S (2) NF3 (3) HF (4) HCl
Sol. Answer (3)
+δ +δ
H H
–δ –δ –δ –δ –δ [Polymeric due to H-bond]
F F F F F
+δ +δ
H H H
72. Cation and anion combines in a crystal to form following type of compound
(1) Ionic (2) Metallic (3) Covalent (4) Dipole-dipole
Sol. Answer (1)
Cation and anion form ionic bond in crystal.
73. Which compound has tetrahedral structure?
(1) XeF4 (2) XeOF2 (3) XeO2F2 (4) XeO4
Sol. Answer (4)
1
XeO 4 H= [ 8 + 0 – 0 + 0]
2
8
= 4 sp 3 tetrahedral structure
2
74. In which of the following bond angle is maximum?
(1) NH3 (2) PCl4+ (3) BCl3 (4) PCl6–
Sol. Answer (4)
1 12
[PCl 6 ] – H= [ 5 + 6 – 0 + 1] = = 6 sp 3d 2 = 180°
2 2
As the bond angle is asked which is maximum in PCl6– i.e. 180° between linear pair.
75. In X – H ... Y, X and Y both are electronegative elements. Then
(1) Electron density on X will increase and on H will decrease
(2) In both electron density will increase
(3) In both electron density will decrease
(4) On X electron density will decrease and on H increases
Sol. Answer (1)
–δ –δ
X – H -------Y Electron density on X will increase and on H will decrease.
76. Main axis of a diatomic molecule is z, molecular orbital px and px overlap to form which of the following orbitals?
(1) π molecular orbital (2) σ molecular orbital
(3) δ molecular orbital (4) No bond will form
Sol. Answer (1)
π molecular orbital Px – Px
+ (Px – Px)
Px Px
77. The state of hybridization of C2, C3, C5 and C6 of the hydrocarbon,
CH3 CH3
CH3 C CH CH CH C CH
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
CH3
is in the following sequence

(1) sp, sp2, sp3 and sp2 (2) sp, sp3, sp2 and sp3
(3) sp3, sp2, sp2 and sp (4) sp, sp2, sp2 and sp3
Sol. Answer (2)
CH3 CH3
sp2 sp
H3C C CH CH CH C CH
6 5 4 3 2 1
sp3 CH3
3
sp
78. For two ionics solids CaO and KI, identify the wrong statement among the following.
(1) CaO has high melting point
(2) Lattice energy of CaO is much larger than that of KI
(3) KI has high melting point
(4) KI is soluble in benzene
Sol. Answer (4)
79. Which of the following organic compounds has same hybridization as its combustion product –(CO2)?
(1) Ethane (2) Ethyne
(3) Ethene (4) Ethanol
Sol. Answer (2)
H C C H O C O
sp sp sp
SECTION - D
Assertion - Reason Type Questions
1. A : N2, CO and CN– are having same bond order.

R : Isoelectronic species always have same bond order.
Sol. Answer (3)
2. A : Bond angle of BF3 and NF3 are different.
R : Both the molecules are having different shape.
Sol. Answer (2)
3. A : CO2 is resonance stabilized molecule.
R : Bond length of C–O in CO2 is intermediate of single and double bond length.
Sol. Answer (3)
4. A : BeCl2 in vapour phase is electron deficient molecule.
R : Any molecule in which central atom is having incomplete octet is known as electron deficient molecule.
Sol. Answer (1)
5. A : H–F forms stronger hydrogen bond than H2O.
R : F is more electronegative than oxygen.
Sol. Answer (1)
6. A : Each molecule of H2O forms four H-bond in the form of ice.
R : Ice is solid state of H2O.
Sol. Answer (2)
7. A : Both methane and tetrachloromethane are nonpolar.
R : C–Cl bond is polar bond.
Sol. Answer (2)
8. A : N2 is more stable than N2+.
R : Bond order of N2 is 3 while N2+ is 2.5.
Sol. Answer (1)
9. A : Lattice energy of CaO is higher than LiCl.
R : Lattice energy of ionic compound is directly proportional to the product of charges of ion.
Sol. Answer (1)
10. A : All P–Cl bond lengths are equal in PCl3 but different in PCl5
R : Hybrid state of central atom is different in both molecules.
Sol. Answer (2)
11. A : Equal number of sigma and π bonds are present in ethyne.
R : π bond is stronger than σ bond.
Sol. Answer (4)
12. A : Bond order of H2+ is 0.5.

R : Electrons are removed from the antibonding molecular orbital from H2.
Sol. Answer (3)
13. A : LiCl is more covalent than BeCl2.
R : Li+ ion is smaller than Be2+.
Sol. Answer (4)
14. A : O2 is paramagnetic.
R : N2 is paramagnetic.
Sol. Answer (3)
15. A : PCl5 exist but NCl5 does not.
R : Nitrogen is highly inert.
Sol. Answer (2)


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Chapter 4

Chemical Bonding and Molecular

1. The correct sequence of increasing covalent character is represented by

2. The formal charges of oxygen labelled 3,2,1 in ozone respectively are

(1) –1, +1, 0 (2) 0, 0, –1 (3) –1, 0, +1 (4) 0, +1, –1

Sol. Answer (3)

3. Which of the following bonds has the highest bond energy?

6. H2O is polar, whereas BeF2 is not. It is because

Bond Ediss(kJ mol–1)

(1) Z (2) D (3) A (4) B

11. The geometry of electron pairs around S in SF6 is

Sol. Answer (1)

Sol. Answer (3)

[NO3– < NO2 < NO2]

13. In the hydrocarbon

CH3 — CH = CH— CH2 — C ≡ CH

The state of hybridization of carbons 1, 3 and 5 are in the following sequence

Sol. Answer (3)

For 'C' compounds hybridisation H = sp(3-no. of π bond)

(1) Nitrogen atom is smaller than boron atom

(3) B – Cl bond is more polar than N – Cl bond

(4) N – Cl bond is more covalent than B – Cl bond

Sol. Answer (2)

15. Which compound has planar structure?

16. Which of the following pairs are isostructural?

17. In which of the following bond angle is maximum?

Sol. Answer (2)

19. Which of the following species has a linear shape?

(50%s) (33%s) (25%s)

(1) Three (2) Two (3) Six (4) Four

(1) 2, 2 (2) 3, 1 (3) 1, 3 (4) 4, 0

Sol. Answer (4)

24. In an octahedral structure, the pair of d orbitals involved in sp3d2 hybridisation is

(1) d x 2 − y 2 , d z 2 (2) d xz , d x 2 − y 2 (3) d z 2 , d xz (4) d xy , d yz

Sol. Answer (1)

d2sp3 have d and d

25. The hybrid orbital having only 20% d character

(1) CCl4 (2) SF6 (3) SF4 (4) Cl2O

Sol. Answer (3)

SF4 have hybridisation sp3d i.e. five orbital total

∴ have 20% d character. 20% s and 60% p-character.

26. Which of the following statement is correct?

(1) The hybridisation of Cl in ClF3 is sp2

(3) The shape of XeF6 is distorted square bipyramidal

(4) Hybridisation of S is sp3 in SO2

Sol. Answer (3)

27. Which of the following would have a permanent dipole moment?

32. Which of the following molecule stabilizes by removal of electron?

(1) C2 (2) O2 (3) N2 (4) H2

Sol. Answer (2)

33. Number of nodal planes in π*2px are

34. The low density of ice compared to water is due to

35. Which one of the following has the strongest O – O bond?

36. Which species does not exhibit paramagnetism?

Sol. Answer (3)

CO = σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2px2 = π2py2, σ2pz2 all paired e–

All have ionic, covalent and co-ordinate covalent bond

2. Which of the following molecule is having least ionic character?

(1) 33% (2) 25% (3) 50% (4) 10%

Sol. Answer (1)

μ obsc 1.6 × 10 –18 esu-cm

Electronegativity N > Br > C

7. Which molecule contains both polar and non-polar covalent bond?

CO = σ1s2, σ1s2, σ2s2, σ2s2, σ2px2 = π2py2, σ2pz2 all paired e–

CO = 14 = σ1s2, σ1s2, σ2s2, π2x2 = π2py2, σ2pz2, σ*2ps2 10 – 4

H2+ = σ 1s1 O2– = σ 1s2...π 2px2 = π 2py2, π 2px2 = π2py1