GROUP MEMBERS

• Usman Aslam
• Syeda Fizza Rizvi
• Syed Irtaza
• Tayyaba Faiz
• Ikhlas Ahmad
KARL MARX AND MARXIST THEORY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
• Who was Karl Marx?
• Some important key concepts and ideology
• Types of Marxism
• Criticisms of Marxist ideas
• Contributions of Karl Marx’s Theory in the modern world
system
• Conclusion
WHO WAS KARL MARX?
• Karl Marx was born on 5 th May 1818.
• Marx is widely referred to as a
Philosopher, Political-Economist
and a Journalist.
• Marx was married to Jenny von
Westphalen.
• Marx`s close friend and fellow
scholar was Friedrich Engels.
• Karl Marx died on 14 th March, 1883.
• The message carved on his
symmetry was written as
“WORKERS OF ALL LANDS,
UNITE”
HOUSE OF KARL MARX
FAMILY
 SOME IMPORTANT KEY CONCEPTS
• Capitalism: Marx believed that capitalism is not only an
economic system but it is also a political system.
• Class Struggles: Marx believed that conflict produces class
and inherently class produces conflict.
• Exploitation: Marx believed that Capitalism can only thrive
exploitation of the working class.
• Alienation: The workers are forced to sell their labour to the
Capitalists in order to survive.
SOME IMPORTANT KEY IDEOLOGIES
• Capitalist society is divided into two classes:
The Bourgeoisie(wealthier ones) and the Proletariat(poor ones).
• The bourgeoisie increase their wealth by exploiting the
proletariat:
The richer ones exploit and make the poor more weaker to gain
wealth and power.
• Ideological Control:
Marx argued that the ruling classes used their control of social
institutions to gain ideological dominance. Thus, the
proletariats accepted this and didn’t fight back.
• The result of the above is false class consciousness:
The end result of ideological control is false consciousness –
where the masses, or proletariat are deluded into thinking that
everything is fine and that the appalling in which they live and
work are inevitable.
TYPES OF MARXISM

• Communism: is the end state of having key means of

production owned in common (communally) without class
• Socialism: is an intermediate transition state where a
social revolution (that is, of the workers, the vast majority
of society) is required to get to communism.
CRITICISMS OF MARXIST IDEAS

• Criticisms of Marxism have come from various political

ideologies which include ethical and economical criticisms.
• Democratic socialists and social democrats reject the idea
that socialism can be accomplished through class conflict
and a proletarian revolution.
• Some thinkers have rejected the fundamentals of Marxist
theory, such as historical materialism and the labour theory
of value, and gone on to criticise capitalism - and support
socialism - using other arguments.
• Some contemporary supporters of Marxism argue that many
aspects of Marxist thought are viable, but that the corpus is
incomplete or somewhat out-dated in regards to certain
aspects of economic, political or social theory.
CONTRIBUTIONS OF MARXISM IN THE
MODERN WORLD SYSTEM
• Elaboration of the conflict model of society, specifically his
theory of social change based on antagonisms between
classes.
• The idea that power originates primarily in economic
production.
• Concern with the social origins of alienation.
• Understanding of modern capitalism.
• Welfare State.
CONCLUSION
THANK YOU