ADJECTIVE/ADVERBS - visheeshaNa
 cennaagi : good/fine : naanu cennaagi iddiini – I fine I-am (I am fine)
 sundara : beautiful : aishwarya sundara huDugi – Aishwarya is a beautiful girl
 oLLe / oLLeya : nice : idu oLLeya baaLe haNNu – This is a nice banana fruit
 keTTa : bad : illi keTTa rastegaLu ive – There are bad roads here
 beega / veegavaagi : quick/quickly : manage beega banni! – Come home quick!
 nidhaanavaagi / mellane : slow/slowly: mellane naDeyiri! – Walk slowly!
 doDDa: Big; cikka: Small; ettara: Tall; kuLLa: short; agaLa: broad; saNNa: slim
VERBS – kriyaapada - (Samples in Respectful-Plural Imperative Mood):
 maaDi – Do; hoogi – Go; banni – Come; heeLi – Tell; keeLi – Listen/Ask;
 nooDi – See; nilli – Stand; kuuri – Sit; eeLi – Getup; malagi – Sleep;
 aagi – Become; aaDi – Play; haaDi – Sing; ooDi – Run; naDeyiri – Walk;
 iri – Be; tinni – Eat; kuDiyiri – Drink; kuNiyiri – Jump/Dance; koDi – Give;
 koLLi – Buy; togoLLi – Take; iDi – Keep; oodi – Read; bareyiri - Write
VERB FORMS – kriyaa kaalaanuguNa pratyaya ruupagaLu:
PAST TENSE PRESENT/FUTURE
1st Person – Singular maaDidenu – I did maaDuttiini – I (will) do
1st Person – Plural maaDidevu – We did maaDuttiivi – We (will) do
2nd Person - Singular maaDidi – You did maaDuttiya – You (will) do
2nd Person – Plural/Respct maaDidiri – You did maaDuttiiri – You (will) do
2 Person – Imperative
nd n/a maaDi / maaDiri – You do!
3rd Person – People/Snglr maaDidanu – He did maaDuttaane – He (will) do
maaDidaLu – She did maaDuttaaLe – She will do
3rd Person – People/Plural maaDidaru – They did maaDuttaare – They will do
3 Person – Neutral-Snglr maaDitu – It did
rd maaDuttade – It will do
3rd Person – Neutral-Plurl maaDidavu – Those did maaDuttave – Those will do
Note1: Replace ‘maaD’ with keeL, nooD, malag, aag, haaD etc. for such fixed root verbs
Note 2: Verbs with past/future varying roots: hoo/hoog – ban/bar – koTT/koD – id/ir etc.
VERB NEGATIONS – nakaaraatmaka kriyaapada
 maaDalla – Won’t do; heeLalla – Won’t tell; oodalla – Won’t read
 maaDilla – Haven’t done; heeLilla – Haven’t told; oodilla – Haven’t read
 maaDabeeDi – Don’t do!; heeLabeeDi – Don’t tell!; oodabeeDi – Don’t read!
VERB PAIRINGS – jooDi / samyukta kriyaapadagaLu
 nooDi heeLuttiini – I’ll see & then tell; hoogi baruttiini – I’ll go & come
 nooDalu heeLuttini – I’ll tell x to see; tinnalu hooguttiini – I’ll go to eat
nooDakke heeLuttini – I’ll tell x to see; tinnakke hooguttiini – I’ll go to eat
 nooDade hoogabeeDi – Don’t go without seeing
kannaDa bhaaShaa kaipiDi – Ready Reckoner
info-kannada@etutorworld.com
ALPHABET - akshara:
 Vowels: a aa i ii u uu Ru Ruu e ee ai o oo au aM aH
 Consonants: (1) ka kha ga gha ~ga (2) ca cha ja jha ~ja (3) Ta Tha Da Dha Na
(4) ta tha da dha na (5) pa pha ba bha ma (6) ya ra la va sha Sha sa ha La
 Consonant+Vowels: ka kaa ki kii ku kuu kRu kRuu ke kee kai ko koo kau kaM kaH;
Tha Thaa Thi Thii Thu Thuu ThRu ThRuu The Thee Thai Tho Thoo Thau ThaM ThaH
 Consonant+Consonant+Vowels: kka (as in ‘Mecca’), gra (as in ‘Agra’) etc.
PRONOUNS - sarvanaama:
 naanu : I : naanu rameesha – I am Ramesh; naanu uShaa – I am Usha
 naavu : We : naavu vidhyaarthigaLu – We are students
 niinu : You : niinu yaaru? – Who are you?; niinu sureesha – you are Suresh
 niivu : You (respectful singular or plural) : niivu yaaru? – Who are you?
 avanu / ivanu : He (far/near) : avanu gaNeesha – He is Ganesh
 avaLu / ivaLu : She (far/near) : ivaLu naLini – She is Nalini
 avaru / ivaru : He/She/They (far/near) : ivaru shikshakaru – She is a Teacher
 adu / idu : That / This (for neutral objects) : adu pustaka – That is a book
 avu / ivu : Those / These : ivu pustakagaLu – These are books
PRONOUNS – Possessive & Query Forms – sambhandaarthaka, prashNaarthaka
 naanu > nanna > nannadu > nannadaa? > naanaa? :
I > my > mine > is-it-mine? > is-it-me?
adu nanna pustaka – That is my book ; leekhani nannadu – Pen is mine ;
ii patra nannadaa? – Is this letter mine? ; shikshaka naanaa? – Am I the Teacher?
 naavu > namma > nammadu > nammadaa? > naavaa? :
We > our > our’s > is-it-our’s? > is-it-us?
 niivu > nimma > nimmadu > nimmadaa? > niivaa? :
You > your > your’s > is-it-your’s? > is-it-you?
 ivaru > ivara > ivaradu > ivaradaa? > ivaraa? : (a person nearby)
avaru > avara > avaradu > avaradaa? > avaraa? : (a person afar)
She > Her > Her’s > is-it-her’s? > is-it-her? (or can be He/His…)
 idu > idara > idaradu > idaradaa? > idaa? : (a thing nearby)
adu > adara > adaradu > adaradaa? > adaa? : (a thing afar)
That > of-that > it’s > is-it-it’s? > is-it-that?
TYPICAL CONVERSATION – INTRODUCTION - swaparicaya:
 K: namaskaara! niivu yaaru?
– Salutation! Who are you?
 S: namaste! naanu sureesha. nimma hesaru eenu?
– Salutation! I’m Suresh. What is your name?
 K: nanna hesaru kumaara! nimma mane elli ide?
- My name is Kumar! Where is your house?
 S: nanna mane jayanagaradalli ide. nimma mane elli kumaar-avare?
- My house is in Jayanagar. Where is your house, Kumar-ji?
 K: naanu indiraanagaradalli iddiini. niivu elli kelasa maaDuttiira?
- I am (living) in Indiranagar. Where do you work?
 S: naanu navayuga shaaleyalli kannada shikshaka. niivu eenu maaDuttiira?
- I am a Kannada teacher at Navayuga School. What do you do?
 K: naanu ‘infosys’alli ‘manager’aagi kelasa maaDuttiini
- I work in/at Infosys as a manager.
 S: tumba santoosha! naanu hoogi baruttiini
- Great pleasure! I will take leave (I will go and come)
 K: nanaguu santoosha! hoogi banni! matte sigooNa! namaste!
- Pleasure is mine too! Do take leave! Let us meet again! Salutation!
TYPICAL QUERIES – saamaanya prashNegaLu
 avaru yaaru? – Who is that?; ivaru yaaru – Who is this?
 adu eenu? – What’s that?; idu eenu? – What’s this?;
nimage eenu beeku? – What do you want?; bele eenu? – What’s the price?
 mane elli? – Where is the house?; ‘Bus-stop’u elli? – Where is the Bus-stop?
niivu ellige hoogabeeku? – Where-to do you have to go?
gaaDi ellinda baruttade? – Where-from does the vehicle come?
 bele eShTu? – How much is the price?; eShTu beeku? – How much do you want?
nimage eShTu makkaLu? – How many kids do-you-have? samaya eShTu?
 akki bele heege? – How’s the price of rice?; appa heege iddaare? – How’s dad?
maisuurige daari heege? – How’s the route to Mysuru?
 adu yaava pustaka? – Which book is that?; ili yaavudu? – Which one is the rat?
 ii aushadhi yaake beeku? – Why do you need this medicine?
niivu bengaluurige yaake hoogabeeku? – Why should you go to Bengaluru?
 rameesha yaavaaga manege hooguttaare? – When does Ramesh go home?
nimma kaaryakrama yaavaaga ide? – When is your function?
A FEW NOUNS – halavu naamapadagaLu:
Note: Many common nouns of Indian languages that are from Samskrita, are usable as Kannada
nouns too. Examples here focus on a few original ‘draaviDa kannaDa’ words.
 amma / taayi – Mom / Mother; appa / tande – Dad / Father; aNNa – Elder brother
 tamma – Younger brother; akka – Elder sister; tangi – younger sister;
 doDD-appa – Elder uncle; cikk-appa – Younger uncle;
 doDD-amma – Elder aunt; cikk-amma – Younger aunt;
 ajja / taata – Grand dad; ajji – Granny; muttajja/muttajji – Great grand dad/mom
 huDuga – Boy; huDugi – Girl; heNNu – Female; ganDu – Male; magu – Baby
 ganDa / pati – Husband; henDati / patni – Wife; maga – Son; magaLu - Daughter
 mukha – face; baayi – mounth; tale – head; kivi – ear; kaNNu – eye; tuTi – lip
muugu – nose; hallu – tooth; ede – chest; hoTTe – stomach; kai – hand;
kaalu – leg; bennu – back; sonTa – waist; beraLu – finger; kuudalu - hair
 1-10: ondu, eraDu, muuru, naalku, aidu, aaru, eeLu, enTu, ombattu, hattu
hattu-ippattu-muuvattu-nalavattu-aivattu-aravattu-eppattu-embattu-tombattu-nuuru
10:hattu 100:nuuru 1000:saavira 100,000: laksha 100,00,000:kooTi
 bekku – cat; naayi – dog; kudure – horse; katte – donkey; handi – pig; huli – tiger
hasu – cow; kuri – sheep; meeke – goat; haavu – snake; halli – lizard; ili - rat
 haLLi – village; taaluuka – taluk; paTTaNa – town; jille – district; naaDu – state;
 kaaDu – forest; beTTa – hill; daari – route; nela – land; bayalu – field; mara - tree
A FEW SENTENCES - halavu vaakyagaLu:
 naanu vidhyaarthi – I’m a student; idu nanna pustaka – This is my book
 ivaru rameesha. ivaru nanna tamma – He is Ramesh. He is my younger-brother
 nanna maneyalli eraDu naayi ive – There are two dogs at my home
 adu nanna gaaDi. adu hosaa gaaDi – That is my vehicle. It is a new vehicle.
 railu nildhaaNa elli ide? raste heege? – Where is rail-station? How is the road?
 ii rasteyalli siidha / neera hoogi – Go straight on this road.
 munde ‘circle’alli balakke tirugi – Ahead, at the circle, turn right
 aameele eDakke hoogi – Afterwards go left
 jayanagara eShTu duura? – How far is Jayanagar?
 niivu malleeshvarakke baruttiiraa? – Will you come to Malleswaram?
 allige aaTo baaDige eShTu aagatte? – To-there, auto rent, how-much will-be?
 tarakaari bele eShTu koDabeeku? – Veggie price, how-much should-give?
 ondu ‘KG’ baaLe haNNu koDi – Give one KG banana fruit.
 aa maavina haNNu, bele eShTu? – That mango-fruit, how-much price?
 banni! oLage banni! kuuri! – Come! Come in! Sit down!
 caha kuDiyuttiira? illa, haalu koDalaa? –Tea will-U-drink? If-not, milk shall-I-give?