A New Approach To Your Remedy Rapport

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Approach to Your Remedy Rapport
71-91 minutes
What else is life, if not relationships? Could you conceive of

yourself without any relationship whatsoever? In fact, you are
relationships. If you remove all these relationships, where are
you?
Bhagavan
INTRODUCTION
Relating means trying to get acquainted. First there is the

introduction to each other, then many facets of the other’s
personality are seen. Then one tries to penetrate deeper into the
realm of inner feelings, into the deep recesses of another’s being.
Relation doesn’t mean relationship. Relationship is an added
quality in terms of connection, association, link, correlation,
correspondence, parallel, alliance, bond, ties, interrelation,
interconnection, kinship, affinity, lineage, emotions, liaison etc.
etc. Relationship is the constitution of our identity and
experience. It is a shared identity. It is an objective embodiment. It
is mirroring and exploring of oneself, of others, of all concerned.
Remedy relationship (RR) is nothing but the various relations that

are shared between remedies in many aspects, facets,
dimensions, levels, phases and sectors. Every remedy is related to
every other remedy in one way or other. How the remedy is related
has to be studied and how it could be practically applied in clinical
practice is a matter of concern. RR is ‘recognizing’ and ‘being
recognized by’ as a process of consciousness, as a process of
applying wisdom to a patient under question.
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The subject of relationship of remedies is one of the intriguing,

yet neglected aspects in homoeopathic prescribing. Its utility in
clinical practice is profound in terms of discrimination required
for the sake of arriving at the simillimum out of the vast list of
remedies and their protean indications and also in terms of
follow-up of a case where a physician has to use a wide
armamentarium given:
a) Environmental inputs out of inter-action
b) Disease potential exerting its influence over the individual
c) Remedial functionality
To fathom relations in their depth and extent, a homoeopathic

physician must have the following requisites:
1. The concept of similarity: degrees and levels; the qualitative

aspects of similarity. The relationship section in materia
medica has the very basis of the law of similars. It is the
similarity in one way or the other that determines the type and
the value of RR, the way in which the remedies share their
attributes at many levels of their operation. In other words,
the concept of relationship is a corollary of the concept of
similarity
2. The in-depth knowledge of materia medica: perceiving the
portrait in its totality,
3. The conceptual understanding of data in materia medica vis
a vis hard facts
Conceptual Portrait <—> Original Data Base
4. The knowledge of anatomy, physiology, biochemistry,
psychology, psychiatry, biology: botany/zoology, physics,
chemistry etc.; co-relations of concepts arriving out of these
allied faculties with materia medica and repertory
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5. The knowledge of logical and philosophical faculties

6. The knowledge of universal laws
7. The knowledge of miasms, sensitivity, susceptibility, disease
potential in terms of phases, stages and sequelae etc.
All this knowledge is necessary, for the study of materia medica is

the study of the universe. From the application point of view, the
study of MM encompasses within its domain the study of a
human being in totality, in all of his fields, dimensions and
ramifications. Each remedy is a treasure of thousands of
symptoms and there are thousands of remedies, which
collectively represent the vast gamut of human suffering. The
enormous number of symptoms at emotional, intellectual and
physical levels coupled with clinical information forms an
unending resource for a physician. This resource becomes the
foundation to explore the innumerable relationships that get
developed. However, the cumbersome and omnifarious
symptoms have to be put into some module, some methodology
for the sake of application. Otherwise, a physician will be lost in
the jungle of symptoms.
As a matter of fact, RR is about ‘second’ prescription (note that

second is not a digital number but concerns with the follow up of
a case). It is keeping track of what is happening to the vital force
during treatment. It concerns with the ebbs and flows, peaks and
troughs of the vital force. Hence, trying to understand the
‘movement’ that occurs after the administration of the remedy
and what it all means constitutes the follow up and it is
inseparably linked to RR. RR doesn’t mean just selecting the
remedy out of the relevant type and giving to the patient!
Actually, second prescription is all about timing. Timing in clinical

practice is the biggest thing! It focuses on perspective and
prospective vision. Without deep study of all concerned aspects,
it is difficult to use RR with appropriate timing. Many times central
structural similarity is not achieved, instead, peripheral formal
similarity is only corresponded. To understand this statement, the
concept of nucleus and periphery has to be understood first. Only
covering some symptoms of a diseased part does not imply that
one has given the simillimum. The disease expresses through
various forms and a homoeopathic physician engages himself
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mostly in giving a remedy based on these forms. The remedy

must cover the center, nucleus, core, kernel or the essence, and
the sickness is comprehended at the essence through the
process of generalization. Essence is perceived through totality.
The remedy based on ‘essence’ with totalistic vision covers the
similarity in a far better way.
The word structural, which is used in the statement, is not from

anatomical or organic origin but from the point of view of the
base/foundation. RR deals with the essence and it should not be
used only for chasing the forms.
An attempt has been made in this article to understand the

concept and to see how RR could be used as a powerful tool in
clinical practice through expanding the themes related to RR.
EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT – HAHNEMANN
It is from Hahnemann that the concept of relationship of

remedies began. In his books ‘Organon of Medicine’ and ‘Chronic
Diseases, Their Nature and Cure’, Hahnemann has dealt with the
subject of RR. In aphorism 249, there is statement of Hahnemann
about antidotal relationship, “Every medicine prescribed for a
case of a disease which in the course of its action produces new
and troublesome symptoms not appertaining to the disease to be
cured, is not capable of effecting real improvement, and cannot
be considered as homoeopathically selected; it must, therefore,
either, if the aggravation be considerable (after a medicine) be
first partially neutralized as soon as possible by an antidote
before giving the next remedy chosen more accurately according
to similarity of action.” In aphorism 250, “If patient’s state is
growing worse from hour to hour by the occurrence of new
symptoms and suffering, it is not only allowable for him, but it is
his duty to remedy his mistake, by the selection and
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administration of a homoeopathic medicine not merely tolerably

suitable, but the most appropriate possible for the existing state
of the disease”. Hahnemann gives advice about giving a ‘tolerably
suitable’ medicine for the ‘existing state’ of the disease. It is clear
here that Hahnemann focuses on the current active state
operating over the system. It is to be noted that Hahnemann
writes about RR in only two aphorisms in Organon of Medicine.
BOENNINGHAUSEN
Boenninghausen represented the concept of RR in a systemic way

and he should be regarded as a pioneer of the concept of RR. He
introduced the concept of RR through the seven and last section
of his Therapeutic Pocket Book (BTPB) under ‘concordance’.
Boenninghausen gave more importance to comparative value of
remedies in relation to particular symptom groups. We all know
that each remedy has some attributes of every other remedy to
some extent. It would hardly be possible to select two remedies
so different from each other that they would not touch at some
point. They were having some symptoms which were common
and some that were differentiating features. This gave rise to
comparison of two remedies in relation to symptom groups.
Similarity at some points implies dissimilarity at some other
points. Thus the whole concept of RR in the form of comparative
study of Materia medica was evolved.
CONTRIBUTORS FROM A MATERIA MEDICA PERSPECTIVE
If we analyze the literature of our predecessors, we find

FARRINGTON, BOGER, KENT, MILLER, HERING, WRIGHT,
BOERICKE, etc. casting relations in their own way. Clinical
experience and the data of materia medica are the major sources
of the relations. However, if we focus on their relations, most
stalwarts have tried to present the remedy relations under the
following headings: Collateral, Similar, Complementary, Inimical,
Incompatible, Remedy antidotes, Remedy antidoted by, Remedy
follows well, Remedy followed well by, Analogous etc.
The meaning of these relations gets overlapped. All these

relations center around three aspects – Complementary, Inimical
and Antidote. These relations do not satisfy the growing need of
homoeopaths who have to deal with today’s challenging patients.
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The subject of RR is very vast and to limit this to the above three
aspects severely affects applicability. RR is the least understood
and hence least used tool because not enough study has been
conducted. There is some confusion as the same drug is found to
be in Complementary, Inimical and Antidotal relationship. The
wrong notion that one single remedy (and also a single magic
dose) is enough to completely cure the disease also prevents a
student from studying and utilizing the concept in clinical
practice.
There are three comparative materia medica books authored by

FARRINGTON, GROSS and ROBERTS. They give the comparisons
through symptoms of remedies under study in a tabular form. For
symptomatic comparisons, these are invaluable works. However,
their limitations should also be considered. The concept of giving
RR in tabular form got momentum with Gibson Miller. Then J. H.
CLARKE published the compilation of Remedy Relationships. He
made a twofold division of the relationship—the natural
relationship and the clinical relationship. According to Clarke,
knowledge of these relations is all-important to those who aim at
accurate prescribing. His compilation of natural relationships
showed at a glance how a remedy stood in its mineral, vegetable
or animal relationship to other remedies. Many books on Materia
medica now available, are based on this. The second section of
clinical relationship has been given in tabular form and it
represents the chief clinical relations of all remedies of the
Materia medica so far as they have been noted. P. SANKARAN
and CHITKARA also took efforts to compile RR through tabular
form.
I must mention some outstanding contributors about RR. First is

DR. ABDUR REHMAN. His stupendous work (though not known to
many Indian homoeopaths) is published as ‘Encyclopedia of
Remedy Relationship in Homeopathy.’ Dr. Rehman meticulously
collected, collated and culled many aspects of remedy relations
and for every entry he mentioned authors, abbreviating with
numbers. However, his book doesn’t provide any analysis about
why such a relationship has been written by the stalwarts. As the
stories of remedies and living MM concept developed, many
authors started discriminating between remedies at personality
level-dispositions, characters, behavioural responses, etc. M. L.
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DHAWALE and K. N. KASAD’s exemplary writings in ‘ICR

Symposium’ volumes over many remedy relations guide how one
should delve deep in the subject of RR. KENT in his distinctive
manner compares many remedies in ‘Lectures on Homoeopathic
Materia medica’. He gives more specialized classes of
complementary remedies of ‘acute complements of chronic
remedies’.
CATHERINE COULTER through ‘Constitutional Types’, PHILIP

BAILEY through ‘Homeopathic Psychology’ and CANDEGABE E. F.
through ‘Comparative Materia Medica’ deal with the subject of RR
in an elaborate way, focusing on the psychological and
behavioural patterns of human beings. I must mention three
scholarly articles written by S.P. KOPPIKAR on RR, which are
published in his book, ‘70 years in clinical practice.’ ‘A Select
Homoeopathic Materia medica’ by P. I. TARKAS and AJIT
KULKARNI have offered many new relations and suggestions at
the psychological, clinical, and pathological levels. They have
coined many new words of RR and tried to come out of the
restricted field of RR of complementary, inimical and antidotal.
FROM REPERTORIAL PERSPECTIVE
Repertory is nothing but Materia medica in different outline, in

different format. Repertory is one of the best tools to compare
and contrast the remedies. GASKIN A. through ‘Comparative
Study on Kent’s Materia Medica’, DOCKX AND KOKELENBERG
through ‘Kent’s Comparative Repertory of the Homoeopathic
Materia Medica’ and LUIS DETINIS through ‘Mental Symptoms in
Homeopathy’ have shown how materia medica symptoms and
reportorial rubrics could be integrated to know the remedial
functionality through RR.
In fact, repertory is a vast collection of relationships. Each rubric

in the repertory gives a group of remedies that are inter-related at
the point of their therapeutic potential.
THE VALUE OF RELATIONSHIP
The relationship section is not a product of proving, as proving

yields raw/discordant/incongruous/inconsistent/paradoxical and
divergent symptomatology. They have a suggestive value, based
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on experience and interpretation of the remedial action. The

relations, which are shared or the statements under relationship
are not solid facts, incontrovertible as of proving.
A homoeopathic physician should find justification of every

relation and this will occur only if a physician has dived deep into
the core of our remedies and has deduced the relations logically
out of remedial functionality.
No physician can get adequate success in his clinical practice if

he doesn’t possess the knowledge of relationship of remedies.
The final choice of simillimum is through the processing of data –
of the patient and of the remedy in the materia medica. A
thorough grasp over ‘differential world of materia medica’ will help
a physician in organizing the follow-up in a meticulous and
disciplined manner. The working, thorough knowledge of relations
will allow a physician to release the remedial function as per the
demand of similarity after observing the ‘movement’ that will
occur after the administration of the remedy.
Some homoeopaths don’t bother about the use of RR, because

they do not care nor comprehend about rules and regulations of
the follow up of a case. I would like to quote Kent, “If you talk with
a great many physicians concerning the observations you have
made after giving the remedy, you will find that the majority of
them have only whims or notions on this subject and see nothing
after the prescription is made.” Compromise at quality and use of
shortcuts are basic causes of failure. No homoeopath can get
good and consistent results if he does not possess adequate
knowledge of RR. When a homoeopath is in RR, he is in a case; he
is with the case and he flows according to the needs and stages of
the case, thus following the principle of individualization. It can be
decisively said that the application of RR paves the way for
individualization.
RELATIONAL DATABASE
The relationship of remedies concerns the huge field of operation

of homoeopathic remedies. It’s not only about studying a single
remedy through various symptoms. It’s not only about knowing
some keynotes, PQRS and pathogenetic action of a remedy under
study but about the abundant features that get explored. This
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exploration should go for the paraphernalia that get developed

out of relational database. Relational database should act as an
information technology organization that should be capable of
delivering new applications of remedies in the shortest time and
with clarity. To make this possible, organizations must introduce
new words / ideas / concepts / methods / relations alongside the
older, traditional ones necessary for a wider field of application.
A large coverage of remedies with their core / nucleus / essence /

kernel and with their peripheral expressions should be the basis
of methodological development of relationship of materia
medica. However, the wider ‘field’ should not deter a
homoeopathic physician from the vast study. The study of RR is
all about quality and not quantity. A high quality system is one
that meets a physician’s needs, is reliable, is flexible enough to
meet future needs, and enhances physician’s efforts in clinical
practice and hence a qualitative, refined methodology developed
out of raw and haphazard data is the most important.
UNDERSTANDING OLD RELATIONS AND DEVELOPING NEW

RELATIONS
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An attempt has been made to explain the old terms of RR. We

have coined many new relations and some of them have also
been given. We admit that they overlap, but they are presented in
order to highlight many mysterious and missed links, which often
confront a conscientious homoeopathic physician. Readers are
requested to ponder them, use them in their clinical practice and
send their feedback.
1. Acute/Chronic analogues
2. Compatible/Collateral
3. Cyclic/Sequential
4. Intercurrent
5. Miasmatic
6. Counterpart/ Mutual C.
7. Camouflage
8. Vying
9. Midway/Bridge/Liaison
10. Inimical/Incompatible
11. Antidotal
12. Affiliated
13. Symbiotic
14. Source/Group/family
15. Version/Inverted
16. Trio/Quartet
17. Milder/Intensified
18. Stages
19. Sectorial
20. Cocktail
1. ANALOGUE
a) That which bears an analogy to something else.
b) An organ or structure that is similar in function to another

kind , but is of dissimilar evolutionary origin.
c) Similar or equivalent in certain respects, close enough to be
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compared (syn. Akin, Cognate).
Examples
1. Calc, Caust, Con, Lach, Lyc, Puls are analogues of Argentumn.

2. Analogues of Lyc are Alum, Ph-ac.
3. Ars, Bapt, Echin and Ter are nearest analogues of Eucal.
4. Vegetable analogues of Arg-n: Gel (Ign is of Nat-m).
5. Con’s non-traumatic analogue: Hydr.
6. Bar and Calc are nearest analogues.
Comments
Similarity is the base of this RR. The subject of remedy analogues

in the animal, vegetable and mineral kingdoms has been but little
studied and offers a fruitful field. Analogue relations are of many
types viz. acute, chronic, nearest, vegetable, chemical, mineral
etc. Acute intercurrent, acute of chronic constitutional remedy,
acute complementary remedies etc. also come under analogous
relationships. Consideration of the dominant phase and looking at
the phase through totalistic vision helps to select an acute
remedy to tide over the acute crisis. A chronic constitutional
remedy should then be the follow up.
A single group consisting of many analogous remedies is formed

out of analogical remedial functions or characters as given in
example three. The basis of this group is infection, inflammation,
toxicity and debility. The RR gets developed out of commons
symptoms, themes, concepts related to kingdom study and the
process of generalization helps deduce the RR. Note that no
kingdom is solo or mono. Every kingdom contains
attributes/chemicals of every other kingdom. The relationship of
remedies according to their chemical constituents is an
interesting idea and this study will throw more light on RR. Let us
take the example of Lyc. Chemically, the oil globules extracted
from the spores contain “Aluminium” and “Phosphoric acid.” We
find striking similarity in the proving symptoms and clinical
conditions of Lyc, Alum and Ph-ac. Retrospectively, it shows that
source material and symptoms are connected with each other.
Analogous RR should prepare a ground for comparative study of

remedies too.
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Let us study Baryta and Calcarea. They share huge similarity. But
the study through comparisons allows us to focus on qualified
attributes. Baryta is retarded, below average while Calcarea is
average. Baryta’s dullness is more constant and impenetrable.
Calcarea wants company, enjoys company though he may be
withdrawn and morose at home due to parental aggression. Both
Baryta and Calcarea are shy but Calc’s shyness is not to the same
extent as Bar; Bar is very shy and bashful and this gets revealed
through the body language. Baryta doesn’t keep eye to eye
contact, avoids looking at strangers or a physician and the eyes
are looking down at the floor! Asking questions in various ways
doesn’t change BL nor does it yield any substantial information.
Calcarea’s BL is minimal eye to eye contact and he may look at
the physician at least while answering. A tactful persuading can
bring some information on the floor. Baryta harbors a strong
delusion of being ‘ridiculed’; he has a strong feeling that he is
made a mockery by the others. This is due to his stupidity and
inferiority complex.
2. CYCLIC OR SEQUENTIAL
The portrait of a disease is heterogenous, non-descript,

messed-up and hence confusing to a physician as to the selection
of a single remedy. With an orderly analysis, one can go in for a
cycle of remedies in a consecutive/successive manner.
Examples
1. A patient with abdominal colic requiring Caust —- Coloc —-

Staphysagria in succession if the totality is not distinctly
covered by a single drug.
2. The well-known trio of Sul —– Calc —– Lyc is a good
example of cyclic or sequential relationship.
Comments
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This relationship is about ‘remedies in a series’ and it has a basis

of similarity between many remedies. The remedies must be in
harmony with each other. Here the sequential remedy must have
the quality of a complementary type and the subsequent remedy
must be deeper-acting than the earlier remedy so that the system
steers towards recovery or cure. The remedies are to be used
according to an order and should not be used in an opposite way.
This relationship is not related to only three remedies as we see in
‘trio’ relation.
In cyclical relation we define the stage in operation at the present

juncture and the way in which it is now evolving in the next phase.
This relationship is seen more in the context of a clinical situation,
which is evolving, so more in acute cases. The data is indistinct
and it is difficult to find the most similar remedy. You select a
remedy but it exerts no action or gives only partial relief to a case
and ultimately you have to select the other remedy. It’s like finding
an order in the disorderly data and trying to respect the clinical
evolution and then covering the totality with many remedies to be
administered according to the need. Don’t interpret that this RR is
polypharmacy. It is not about giving several remedies at one time.
To sum up cyclical RR, see the similarity, concentrate on the

evolving stages of a clinical condition, define also action of
related remedies and then prescribe according to the need. In the
example of Caust-Coloc-Staph, it could also be possible that
Staph could also be followed by Caust again and at this stage it
may be with a less intensified portrait, as the system might have
used the defenses according to the Hering’s suggestions of cure.
3. INTERCURRENT
If the status quo is maintained and a case comes to a standstill, a

remedy interpolated/ interposed in between, rouses the vital force
for the sake of directing the deviant energy towards restoration of
health.
Examples
1. 1. Tub in a case of pneumonia with delayed resolution or in

a case of recurrent pneumonia.
2. Thyr in a case of urticaria with a family h/o thyroid disorder.
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3. DNA in a case of inveterate psoriasis.
Comments
Hahnemann himself observed that occasionally constitutional

treatment might need to be complemented by the administration
of an intercurrent remedy, which is intended to treat miasmatic
obstructions and suppressions and thus remove obstacles to the
cure. We presume that the previous remedy helps a case only
partially and the system now needs a shake up. However, we have
to define the system as a whole with its state in terms of
sensitivity, susceptibility, genetic/basic energy, clinical condition
etc. A relevant polychrest, a sarcode or an isopathic remedy can
also be given as an intercurrent. It need not be a nosode always.
Readers are requested to read a separate article on intercurrent

prescribing.
4. MIASMATIC
Miasms are the morbid constitutions that make the system

vulnerable and develop certain traits, tendencies, diatheses etc.
Hence, a structural fault has to be corrected at the constitutional
level with the appropriate anti-miasmatic treatment. The
miasmatic block acts as an obstacle against recovery.
Miasms: Layers
Each layer is an entry unto itself.

Each layer interacts with other layers.
Time dimension plays a major role in the formation of layers.
Examples
1. Gels is a psoric Kali-c.

2. Arg-m is a sycotic Silicea
3. Calc-sil is a sycotic Silicea

4. Caust is a psoro-sycotic (like Sul); or a psoro-syphilitic (like
Psor); or a syphilo-sycotic (like Plb, Zinc).

5. Aur has syphilis grafted on a scrofulous background. Aur-m-n
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has syphilis grafted on sycosis (like Fl-ac).

6. Aur-s, Kali-i, Merc-i-f, Sul-i, and Syph are ‘syphilitic Sul.’, just as
Medorrhinum and X-ray are ‘sycotic Sul.’
7. Ran-b is a sycotic remedy of the Bry group.
Comments
The patient and the drug in materia medica represent Psora

—Sycosis —Tubercular — Syphilis. The remedy must cover not
only the manifestations but also the underlying miasmatic state.
Hence, miasmatic relations are extremely important. They give an
assessment of layers and follow-up guidance. Let us take the
statement ‘Calc-sil is sycotic Sil.’ The meaning of this statement is
that when a Sil patient represents the functional and structural
pathologies of the sycotic miasm, it is better to consider Calc-sil.
This is because Calc-sil has a dominant Calc element as
manifested by: Physical: Mildly and slowly developing disease
processes. Hydrogenoid constitution. Torpor: Slow/impaired
function of organs and glands (digestion, liver, bowels,
evacuation). Catarrhal discharges: Copious, thick, yellowish
green. Gouty nodes. Renal stones. Mental: Fear of poverty, of an
incurable disease. Bashful timidity. Wants to be magnetized.
Sensitive to reprimands. Dreams of: dead, death, vexatious,
horrible, business etc. Sil represents more tubercular and
syphilitic miasms while Calc-sil represents more of sycotic
miasm.
Let us elaborate upon the statement, “Arg-m is sycotic Silicea” It

means first it is like Sil and then a sycotic Sil. What are the
resemblances between Arg-m and Sil? At physical level: Slow,
deep, low-grade processes (like t.b., cancer); they come on
lingeringly, insidiously, but progress steadily (Silicea). Broken
down, emaciating progressively. Make-up: Tall, thin, pale, chilly,
nervous, irritable, faggy, hollow-eyed, weak-chested. Indicated for
brainworkers, students and readers. Both are rejuvenators of the
system. Infiltrations. Thickenings. Indurations. Ulcerations.
Nerves: Deep-seated troubles of nerves; growing increasingly
sensitive to surroundings. Action on cartilages and bones in
terms of degeneration and destruction. Mental level: Profound
nervous breakdown. If a Sil patient presents with sycotic
miasmatic expressions, it will be better not to neglect Arg-m.
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5. COUNTERPART
a) Mostly similar but opposite in some respects.
b) One that exactly resembles another as in function or relation.
c) A person or thing, which has the same purpose as another in a

different place or organization.
d) Natural complement.
e) One of two parts that fit and complete each other e.g. seal and
its impressions.
Examples
Lycopodium is a counterpart of Arg-n and Causticum Arg-n is a

counterpart of Kali-c and Causticum This connects Arg-n,
Causticum and Lycopodium with Kali-c.
Rad-br is counterpart of Sul.
Bar-c is chronic counterpart of Bufo.
Lachesis and Fl-ac are mutual counterparts.
Comments
The statement ‘The Indian Prime Minister met his counterpart

British Prime Minister’ is appropriate to understand the meaning.
The counterpart relation basically deals with similarity at the
prime components. It means that the similarity is available at the
general level, both at mind and physical levels with the most
characteristic pattern. It may be at the pathogenetic action level
(pathological general) or it may be also at the particular level. In
the counterpart relation, it is to be noted that there are some
opposite symptoms also. So the total similarity is not available,
while in nearest analogous relation or inversion relationship, there
are no opposites, at least strong opposites are not available.
The counterpart relation should be used in clinical practice when

one has sufficiently grasped the materia medica and one bases
the prescription on this knowledge. In counterpart relation one
has also to define the purpose. It means the decided purpose,
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which allows a physician to select an appropriate remedy. The

purpose could be giving symptomatic relief or anti-miasmatic
treatment etc.
Again see that in the counterpart relation, the remedy, which you
will subsequently give, must be complementary.
Counterpart relations are of three types: acute, chronic and

mutual. Mutual counterpart means counterparts of each other i.e.
if A is counterpart of B then B is also counterpart of A; it is a
double expression. Let us take Caust. It has mutual counterpart
RR with Lyc. The meaning is that Caust can lead to Lyc or
vice-versa. There is similarity at the prime level, although they
may be opposite at remaining ones. The source may be different.
What is shared is similarity. The half arrows indicate that they can
move in either direction.
Causticum Lycopodium
Let us take one more example. ‘Rad-br is counterpart of Sul.’ Both

are set to work at the common prime job of disturbed and
disrupted metabolism. Further, Rad-br carries forward the work of
Sul. Both are indicated for effects of radiation. Both are
cancerous, cachectic, rheumatic and skinny. In spite of
resemblances, there are opposite symptoms. Under the rubric,
Extremities; pain; motion; amel.; continued, Rad-br is present but
not Sul. Under the rubic, Extremities; pain; walking agg, Sul is
present but not Rad-br. Generally Sul is better by cold while Rad-br
is worse by cold. At the skin level, eruptions and itching are > hot
application and hot water in Rad-br and Sul is opposite.
Are Sol-n and Bell counterparts of each other? They should not be
called as counterpart because the similarity, which they share, is
only at the cerebral level. For a counterpart relation the similarity
must be present at multiple prominent or crucial levels. Note that
in counterpart RR, there are dissimilarity/opposite symptoms or
modalities at the remaining aspects. At best RR of Sol-n and Bell
may be called as analogous.
6. COMPATIBLE
a) Make two apparently conflicting things consistent or
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compatible with each other.
b) Capable of living or performing in harmonious consistent or

congenial combination with another or others.
c) Capable of efficient integration and operation with each

other.
d) Able to exist, live together, well matched with.
Examples
1. Compatible remedies of Carbn-s are Gels (acute), Graph

(chronic), Ran-b (acute).
2. Oleander’s compatible remedies are Bell, Bry, Calc, Con, Lach,
Nux-v, Pul, Rhus-t, Sep, Sul.
3. Compatible remedies of Rhus-r are Cimi, Nux-v, Sep.
Comments
The basis of this relationship is harmony and hence, it is expected

that the remedies in this category should have no dis-similar
basis. Here the remedies may be from different kingdoms, but
they share similarity. In the compatible relations there are no
contradictions at pathogenetic action level or at the
physical/mental levels. It is as if the remedies have the tendency
to exist with harmony. Note that only well matched persons live
together happily. When the previously administered remedy
doesn’t show its action, one has to think of compatible RR.
Take for e.g. the compatible RR between Carbn-s and Gels. Both
are nervy and have depressed function. Both even have the
senility but Gels is more for acute and Carbn-s is more for chronic
(this is basically because it’s a combination of two basic
elements: carbon and sulphur). Hence these two drugs become
compatible, as they are able to share in a harmonious way.
Dr. H. A. Robert’s comments on this RR are noteworthy:

“Compatibility is based upon several factors: Similarity and the
degree of similarity of the remedies; the characteristic symptoms
of the patient and the degree in which they present and call for a
certain remedy; whether any remedy is really indicated to follow
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one already given; whether the indications of the patient are

sufficient to call for a remedy against which there is any adverse
evidence which might prevent its administration in the present
relationship.” He further talks about ceasing of action of a
previous remedy, “If some time has elapsed, the question of
compatibility need not arise, because the remedy given some
time ago has probably ceased its action if the patient is now
calling for another remedy.
7. COLLATERAL
a) Situated or running side-by-side; parallel.
b) Coinciding in tendency or effect; concomitant; accompanying.
c) Serving to support or corroborate.
d) Descended from same ancestor, but through a different line.
e) Very much similar.
Examples
1. Colocynth: Nux-v, Staphysagria

2. Kali-iod: Lach, Lyc, Phos, Sepia
3. Fago is a specialized, sthenic, nerve-free Cur, while Ast is a
reshuffling of, and an arterial, Cur. Both Ast and Fago are
therefore collateral to Cur.
4. Crot-h: Hippz, Lach, Mur-ac, Sec, Sul-ac, Ter, TNT.
5. Caust patients may need its collateral Lyc. Bar-m, Kali-c or
Con for arteriosclerotic diseases, or Arg-n esp. after abuse of
sugar.
Comments
The collateral remedy is one which runs parallel to the remedy

that has been given previously. Here the potential remedy action
runs side-by-side making the choice difficult. The word parallel is
related to similar and analogous RR. Remedies may be
equidistant from each other in an independent way. In collateral
RR, similarity should be present not only at symptoms level but
also at pace level, the pace with which the disease process is
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evolving. This RR is observed more in family/group/kingdom

study. One amongst the family can be selected as an alternative
drug to the previously given one, if it needs, on indications of the
patient in question. To illustrate: You have selected a remedy out
of a spider group and now it is not helping more. You can select
another from the same spider group as similarity is shared well
with other spiders. One must go at the level of core/essence
/nucleus/kernel to have final choice. To illustrate further, group
characters of Baryta are common to all Baryta salts. But when we
want to select one amongst them, we need comparative study.
Let us make comparisons between Bar-m and Baryta carb. Bar-m
shares similarity with its fat brother Baryta carb. But Bar-c is more
chilly, more shy, more timid. Bar-c is more innocent. Bar-m is
suspicious and fickle minded. Bar-c is untidy, Bar-m fastidious.
Bar-m more wormy than Baryta carb. Bar-m. more sexual than
Bar-c.
Let us take the example of Crot-h. The remedies listed as

collateral (Hippz, Lach, Mur-ac, Pyrog, Sec, Sul-ac, Ter, TNT) have
profound action on blood: of disorganization, disintegration and
decomposition. They act vigorously on fluids and tissues, causing
rapid breakdown. Putridity, severe debility and shock characterize
the remedies. What makes them parallel is the speed with which
the process of a disease takes on a malignant turn.
8. MIDWAY
A remedy is useful in treatment after the first remedy and before

the next remedy.
We are defining here the midpoint. It’s a kind of a state which is

overwhelming and we need to treat it with an appropriate remedy.
Something happens and you identify a remedy. The state evolves
and you see a forthcoming state likely to evolve. There are two
choices before you, either to prescribe on the current state or to
prescribe on the future state on the basis of anticipation. Midway
RR allows you to treat the current state with an appropriate
remedy.
Examples
1. Caust is midway between Kali’s and Lach (Boger); also
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between Lach and Lycopodium

2. Strptc is midway between Phos and Psor.
3. Iod is midway between Arg-n and Kali-i.
4. Sol-n is an intensified cerebral close-up of Bell (another
Solanum) without its violence but with more accent on
drowsiness; it is like Op or Zinc without their gravity; thus
midway between Bell and Op or Zincum met.
Comments
In ‘Midway’ relation one has to focus upon the mid-stage, which is

between the former and the latter. This RR is related to three
remedies. It is as if the case presents with a typical data that
identifies with a remedy. You also know the outcome of this case
in terms of ‘culmination’. The symptoms of that culminated stage
have not occurred in the present circumstance, nor is the present
totality-covering-remedy covering the pace, the energy and even
the symptomatology in a qualitative manner. Then your search is
to find a remedy which is complementary to the former one and
also related to the latter one and it covers the totality in the
current juncture in the most qualitative way.
Any remedy fulfilling the above criteria can come under Midway
RR, even an intercurrent remedy or a nosode. You require a good
knowledge of reference system from MM, repertory and clinical
medicine. What is the difference between Trio and Midway? In
the Trio relation the picture is definite e.g. after Sul a picture of
Calc evolves and then a Lyc picture evolves. In Midway relation it
is not a priori information on which the physician would like to
cast a remedy.
What is the difference between Intercurrent and Midway? The

base of an intercurrent remedy is to arouse the vitality of the
patient, while midway RR has the base of anticipation and
knowledge of evolution of clinical condition and also of remedies.
In midway relation the concept is not to arouse the system but
give a remedy which comes after a first one and before a next
one.
9. BRIDGE
Bridge is for connecting between two remedies. It is intended to
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reconcile or form a connection. The connection helps to unite two

remedies that are at different poles. It is a remedy that acts as an
intermediary.
Examples
Bufo is a bridge between Bar-c and Tarn.
Lach is a bridge between Bufo and Merc, between Rhus-t and

Causticum
Comments
Bridge RR comes into operation when smooth sailing is required.

Bridge is for support and a mediator, middleman or an intervener
to give support. We have a case where the essence of a case is
covered by two remedies that are at different locations. But even
though the locations are different, they have the capacity to share
a lot of symptoms in common. There is a remedy that partakes of
the attributes of two remedies and when a case is studied in
totality, it becomes clear that this remedy fits in well.
Bufo is a bridge between Bar-c and Tarn because Bufo has the
childish immaturity and backwardness of Bar-c and the cunning
deceitfulness and sexuality of Tarent. Bar-c focuses on glands,
Bufo on CNS. Bar-c slow and timid, Bufo reckless, restless and
active. Tarent hyper-active, rather dancing. As an idiot: Bar-c is a
protected idiot (due to innocence, shyness and intellectual
disability); Bufo unprotected (due to its ugliness, beastly
characters and whimsicalness) and Tarent destructive (due to its
fox like behavior, insanity and abrupt over-activity). Bufo is more
close to Bar-m than Baryta carb.
A bridge RR can be implemented if the locations are at different

locations or even at opposite directions.
10. LIAISON
a) A person/remedy that acts as a connection between the two

groups.
b) An instance or means of communication between units, bodies

or groups.
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Examples
1. Nux-v or Sul serve as a liaison remedy for many remedies in

materia medica.
2. Thuj is the anti-sycotic liaison remedy for chilly remedies in
materia medica, just as Med for hot remedies.
Comments
A remedy acts as a link to assist cooperation between groups of

remedies because it has outstanding characteristics to assume
the position of a liaison remedy. It’s a kind of a railway junction
where two or more railroad lines meet. Intercurrent RR overlaps
liaison. Usually a polychrest remedy is capable of a liaison
remedy as it covers a wide and grandiose sweep. Nosodes are
also liaison remedies as they are multi-polychrest remedies.
11. INIMICAL / INCOMPATIBLE
An incompatible or inimical drug is one which does not follow or

precede well the previously given drug. Many prescribers
observed some injurious effects after the administration of some
remedies (like a complex dis-similar disease).
Examples
1. Con is inimical to Psorinum

2. Caust is inimical to Phos.
3. Ter is incompatible with Belladonna
4. Incompatibles of Ran-b are Staph, Sul.
5. Calc is incompatible with Bryonia
Comments
There seems to be a lack of harmony between certain drugs, as is

also seen in certain chemical affinities. This may be so marked
that when following each other in the treatment of a case,
disturbance shows itself and the cure is interfered with and the
whole case is mixed up. Hence advice is given not to give these
remedies after each other. Inimical RR has the origin of clinical
experience. But this is not an incontrovertible fact. It is difficult to
rely on limited experiences of previous authors. Inimical relation
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can’t overrule the similarity principle itself. Ultimately, what is

important is to give a remedy covering the similarity. If a Caust
patient demands Phos on the basis of indications, then it can be
given. But one must be sure that Phos and only Phos is indicated.
If Phos is the simillimum (and not only a similar remedy), it will
cure regardless, although in the first instance it may cause
aggravation of symptoms apparently cured by Caust (they were
not cured in reality). Some authors have suggested interpolating
a nosode or Sul and then to give a remedy from the inimical
group, but I don’t think that path should be followed. At the most
we can say that a homoeopath should be cautious in giving
inimical remedies.
What is the relation between inimical and complementary?
Apparently we think that inimical RR is the very opposite of

concordant and complementary. But inimical and complementary
are really the same thing. You give a complementary remedy
because it is similar to the first remedy and covers aspects that
the original one did not. You avoid giving an inimical because it is
similar to the first remedy but the result is different. However, a
remedy that is very similar to the first one can also act to
neutralize the first remedy, if it is ‘too close’ in effect.
Whether a remedy is complementary or inimical is only partly to

do with the remedy per se, but is mostly to do with the patient and
the specific symptoms a homoeopath is using to prescribe the
second remedy, alongside the symptoms that were used to
prescribe the first remedy. It is more about the overlap. The
degree of similarity varies from patient to patient and one has to
carefully deduce whether undesirable effects are produced due to
lack of harmony or whether it is just the natural evolution of a
disease process.
12. ANTIDOTAL RELATIONSHIP
In view of the intense action of the remedy being registered over

the system in the form of undesired effects of a drug, either
during proving or during its therapeutic use, a physician would like
to counteract, minimize or moderate the over-action.
This relationship is like the fire and water relation.
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Examples
1. Hep-s is an antidote to Mercurius

2. Bry antidotes Ins.
3. Carbn-s antidotes Phosphorus
4. Ambr is antidoted by Camph, Coff, Nux-v, Pul, Staph, X-ray.
Comments
The first RR that got developed in homoeopathy is probably the

Antidote. Hahnemann started experimenting with healthy human
beings, first with crude medicines and soon he decided to
moderate the overreaction by the use of attenuated doses.
Hahnemann found that antidoting is essential to nullify the
undesirable effects of the previous remedy. The basis of the
antidotal relationship is ‘similarity’. The logic is clear: if a natural
disease could be removed by a similar artificial disease, there
was no reason why one artificial disease, produced, during the
proving of a drug, could not be removed or moderated by another
similar artificial disease. Experience suggests that the harmful
effects of a drug in crude form or low potencies are sometimes
antidoted by high potencies of the same drug. Stuart Close has
said, “It is a fact that the high potency of a drug is sometimes the
best antidote for the effects of the crude drug.” Thus antidotal RR
is given on the basis of causal relationship. The isopathic
principle is used here. To counteract the bad effects of mercury
poisoning or overdosing, mercury in high potency could be given.
The tautopathic drugs have the underlying principle of isopathy.
Antidotal drugs can be interpolated especially in chronic cases to
remove the obstacles to recovery.
The antidotal remedy has to be selected on the basis of similarity

from the list of antidotal drugs. It is not that one has to pick up a
remedy from the list. See the correspondence between the
patient’s symptoms and the remedy from antidotal relation. After
antidoting, take the totality afresh and then prescribe. Antidoting
is not the same as masking or suppressing the symptoms. Is it
the paradox that the same remedy is mentioned both as
complementary as well as antidote? It is not paradox. Sometimes
such drugs are capable of both antidoting or correcting the
undesired effects and maintaining the beneficial action of the
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previously given remedy. Further whether a remedy will act as an

antidote or as a complementary will depend upon how the
previous remedy’s action has been assessed. Sometimes
hypersensitive patients may prove the given remedy, relieving the
patient’s symptoms. The usual rule of the thumb is to verify the
symptoms of the patient at every stage of repetition or change of
the remedy and act judiciously for the next course of treatment
regarding the clinical RR.
13. COMPLEMENTARY
The previous remedy has exhausted its action and it needs to be

furthered/complemented/ supplemented by an appropriate
remedy, analogous but deeper acting (syn. Remedies that follow
well, supplementary).
Examples
1. Ars is acute complement of Kali-c.

2. Sil is chronic complement of Puls.
3. Complementary remedies of X-ray are Med, Merc-c, Sepia
Comments
A complementary remedy is one that continues or completes the

action of the drug that has acted previously, without disturbing
the curative action of the previously given remedy. In other words,
remedies that are generally indicated and when given produce
such a response that clears up the data for the next remedy. I
found a good explanation of this RR in Dr. Olds’s writing, “Very
often in the treatment of a patient, no matter whether the disease
be acute or chronic, we find that after a longer or shorter period of
time, the remedy indicated in the beginning of the treatment no
longer benefits the patient. We say that the remedy has run out
and that another remedy must by selected. If, after the
administration of this remedy, the patient progresses toward
health, the second remedy, because it completes the work of the
first in a greater or lesser degree, is called a complement of that
remedy” (Dr. C. L. Olds, The Homeopathic Recorder, April 1928).
Those remedies that remove the remaining symptoms after the

action of the previous Simillimum are termed as complementary.
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They are usually used when there occurs frequent relapse of

identical symptoms after amelioration each time with a
superficial remedy or in case of incomplete disappearance of
symptoms after continued improvement where there remains a
tendency of the symptoms to persist. A remedy which is
complementary can also act as an antidote. This is based on
assessment of the previous remedy’s action. E.g., Acon is both
complementary and antidotal to Arnica Acon has the capacity of
antidoting or neutralizing the unwanted action of Arn but it
doesn’t interfere with the curative action of Arn.
There are main two types: acute complement of the chronic or

chronic complement of the acute. For instance, an acute Bell
(used for throat symptoms) to prevent recurrence and finish off
the case, may need the chronic complement Calc; or a chronic
Nat-m case may develop an acute cold which will call for its acute
complement, Bry. A chronic remedy may have more than one
acute complement, for example, Nat-m has Bry, Ign and Apis. The
knowledge of phase and right timing is needed for the successful
application of this RR.
14. AFFILIATED
a) To form a close relationship with a larger group.
b) To associate (oneself) as a subordinate or subsidiary.
Examples
1. “I am affiliated to University of Health Sciences, Nashik.”

2. The ‘odorous’ remedies All-s, Ambr, Asaf, Mos, Nux-m, Poth,
Raph, Sumb, Val, Vio-o are affiliated to Lycopodium
3. Kali-c is affiliated to Sul (or via it), to Calc.
Comments
The word affiliated is used when a small thing is related to a large

thing. A small remedy with scanty proving symptoms or limited
clinical field is connected with a polycrest remedy on the basis of
some common threads running through and through, for example,
Bell and Calc or Acon and Sul. The concept here is that affiliated
is a chronic deeper-acting remedy and a smaller one is
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superficially acting or a sector remedy. A deeper acting or

superficially acting drug is decided by several factors like
pathogenic action, pace of remedial action, degree and level of
similarity, miasmatic influence, etc. It may be possible that
affiliated remedies may have some common contents like
alkaloids, minerals etc. and hence they may get connected. It is
not necessary that all affiliated remedies in materia medica
should have a common source. Complementary RR and Affiliated
overlap with each other.
15. SYMBIOTIC
a) Two remedies that have some elements in common and are

useful one after the other. Potential actions of both remedies are
the same. They share the same potential action with the same
result.
b) Give and take relationship.
Examples
1. The trio Am-c (psora), Lachesis (syphilis), Rhus-t (sycosis)

and Calc (all three miasms) are a symbiotic family.
2. Symbiotics of Kali-i: Kali-c, Lach, Olnd, Phos, Sul.
3. Symbiotics of Kali-c: Kali-I, Kali-n, Lach.
4. Nat-m’s symbiotics are Arg-n, Bry, Ign, Sepia
Comments
Many remedies live together and they have the common purpose
to steer towards cure. They live together because they have some
similar characteristics. It is expected that the patient should get
benefit of the remedies from the symbiotic RR. Otherwise the
condition becomes like parasites. We all know parasites have a
symbiotic relationship with their hosts, but only the parasite
benefits. Here, a homoeopath uses only sectors, only prominent
symptoms without paying attention to the whole. The patient
becomes only a prey of consuming the remedies and getting only
palliation and not getting cure. The parasitic physician receives
the benefit.
Symbiotic is a dependent relation and it is as if a patient is
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dependent on acute or chronic related remedies to deal

effectively with the situation(s) getting developed. Let us take
Nat-m’s symbiotics. Arg-n is an acute of Nat-m in mental, GIT and
CVS crises; Ign is so in acute hysterical and depressive neuroses;
Bry in dryness, fever, headache and joint pains etc.; Sep in
female’s complaints and in headache, hysterical manifestations
and menstruation problems. It must be noted that fixity about RR
is a major blockage. Nothing is superior to the law of similars. A
homoeopath has to be open minded to expend his vision.
16. VERSION
a) An adaptation of a work of art or literature into another medium

or style.
b) Original type, form or instance that serves as a model on which

later stages are based or judged.
c) Prototype.
Examples
1. Kali-i is a version of Sul, a syphilo-mercurialized Sul.

2. Nat-m is a version of Medorrhinum
3. Ambr is a version of Arg-n.
4. Sumb is a mild version of Lat-m.
Comments
The word version should be used when the analogy is present at

the deeper levels of operation. The similarity is not present only at
the symptomatic level but at the deeper levels of pathogenetic
action, miasmatic level and the personality essence. It is similar
to ‘nearest analogous’. Let’s take for e.g. the relation between
Kali-i and Sul. Both are destructive, warm blooded, cancerous,
cachectic and also rough in behaviour. Both have detachment in
interpersonal relationships. Both are polychrests and cover all the
miasms. However, Kali-i is labeled as syphilitic Sul because when
a Sul patient (defined constitutionally) comes down with syphilitic
expressions, it is better to switch over to Kali-i. This is because
syphilitic miasmatic activity is dominant in Kali-i and it is truly
termed as ‘pathological museum.’ Further, when a Sul patient is
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treated with crude mercury (previously it was common; now also

mercury is used in dental amalgams and vaccines), the better
choice will be Kali-i.
Version RR is for qualitative similarity; there is something unique

that binds together. Let us take our three great Indian leaders:
Mahatma Gandhi, Lal Bahaddur Shastri and Netaji
Subhashchandra Bose. Assume that their photographs are fixed
on the wall. They are different in their personalities, but they share
in the deeper sense one common attribute and that is patriotism.
It’s like a prototype. If one photograph is absent the other one has
the capacity to exert the similar impact. The goal here is certain:
to motivate towards patriotism. The benefit of this relation is that
when you are prescribing Arg-n for GIT complaints, it makes you
to think of Ambr too. You are then not using only limited remedies
in your practice. Let us see Sumb and Lat-m. Both are hysterical,
cardio-neurotic; have sensitive nervous system; quick and lively,
fainting; climaxis; biliousness; chilly etc. But the source of musk
root in Sumb and that of black widow spider in Lat-m makes a
difference as to the pace and intensity. Venom has more intense
and rapid effect. Hence, Sumb is termed as a mild version of
Lat-m. Version RR demands fine-tuning. Only wrapping of
symptoms doesn’t help and version remedies are not for this
purpose.
17. INVERTED
a) To turn inside out or upside down.
b) To reverse the position, order or condition of.
c) Opposite or antithesis.
Examples
1. Sul-i is an inverted Psor.

2. Pul is antithesis of Nux-v, Chamomilla
3. Ph-ac is an inverted Phos.
Comments
It’s like change in direction from one pole to another. A chilly

patient becomes warm blooded or vice versa. It occurs in thyroid
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cases, immuno-compromized cases, old age patients etc. It can

occur in some psychiatric cases. A lively, cheerful person
becomes opposite- depressed, apathetic and discouraged. Let us
illustrate. The dark side of Phos is Ph-ac. Phos is full of activity
and creativity, brilliance and talent, open in emotions and
communication and now due to a disease process, he becomes
inverted. He becomes emotionally numb and dry in emotions and
assumes the fugitive mode. This state is of Acid-ph.
Let me give you a case. I had a case of eczematous dermatitis

and his eruptions were suppressed. Then he developed
hyperthyroidism. I treated him with Sul-i and it brought back his
eruptions and reduced the ‘heat’ in the body. Sul-i was also
covering his mental state of a special royal feeling of self and
untidiness. Then I didn’t see him for a long time. When he again
consulted me, I found that this proud man is a different fellow and
he has become despondent and pessimistic. He took systemic
steroids and other potent immune-suppressants and did
hemi-thyroidectomy and developed hypothyroidism. Now he
presented with debility, pessimism and chilliness as principal
characters. I thought why I should not think of Psor in this case?
Psor did help this case in a major way. Clinical knowledge
coupled with MM and Repertory knowledge helps to comprehend
inverted RR.
18. VYING
Competing, contending (satisfactorily fulfilling the terms).
Examples
1. The broadest anti-psoric nosode par excellence is not Psor,

but Tub (Whitmont); thus vying with Sul. Not less extensive
than Sul; perhaps more.
2. Vying with Rad-br are Carc and X-ray.
Comments
The process is to compete with a single remedy or many

remedies in order to achieve the desired objective. To illustrate:
Rad-br, Carc and X-ray are all cancerous and if a case has been
irradiated, we have the vying with Rad-br and X-ray. Rad-br and
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X-ray are like brothers who are competing with each other. The
remedies vie out of their similarity. The vying should go for
healthy competition and the patient should get the benefit.
19. SECTORIAL
Instead of similarity at total level, it is observed at certain

sector(s), region(s), location(s), organ(s), system(s), sensation(s),
pathology, symptom(s) or sign(s).
Examples
1. Bry and Nux-v rub shoulders at many sectors.

2. Expanded sensation: Apis, Arg-n.
3. Keloid pathology: Graph, Sil, Thuj.
4. Gradual deepening pathologies: Agar, Caust, Plb-m.
Comments
When the sectors are strong in characteristic symptoms, it is

possible to find the corresponding remedy. The clinical aspect
holds supreme in this RR. Sectorial prescriptions are utilized more
for acute episodes either independent or exacerbative. Causative
factors – predisposing and exciting/precipitating, Anatomical
locations, Sensations, Modalities and Concomitants are the
pillars of sector totality. Many RRs get developed out of them. The
concept of generalization applied for deduction after study of
multiple sectorial totalities helps to select constitutional and
intercurrent remedies.
20. CAMOUFLAGE
Any means of concealment. The data disguises a physician owing

to similar remedial functions.
Examples
1. Many Calc cases are camouflaged Tub cases.

2. Bapt’s early prostration should not be mistaken for the
aversion to motion of Bry and drowsiness of Gelsemium
3. Sil child and Sanic child.
Comments
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This is a common occurrence with physicians, for many reasons.

First is lack of knowledge of materia medica. Many physicians do
not read MM over months and years. They get deprived of getting
acquainted to new remedies and new indications of old remedies.
This creates routinism and in turn, favouritism with certain
remedies. Such physicians revolve around an eddy of a few
remedies.
Sometimes a remedy partakes attributes of several remedies and

hence selection of an appropriate remedy becomes tricky.
Focusing on hard facts and honest data processing helps to sort
out camouflaging.
21. COCKTAIL/BLEND/HYBRID/COMBINATION
Many remedies are mirrored in one aspect or another in a remedy.

Rather than focusing on sectorial relationship, it gives logical
extension at the general level. One can fish out the right remedy
on the basis of this relationship, provided sound, organized
thinking is available in the mind of a physician.
Examples
1. Psor is a blend of Aur (pessimism, chronicity, syphilitic

miasm), Hep (chilly, suppurative, sensitive, < touch), Sil (chilly,
suppurative, make-up, and sweat) and Sul (filthiness, lack of
reaction, psoric diathesis).
2. Kali-c: Kali-sil (which is a mineral Psor), Sil and Psor are all
mirrored in Kali-c in one aspect or another.
3. Carb-an is Graph + Carb-v.
4. Ran-b is a remarkable blend of Bry and Pul.
5. Kali-sul is a hybrid of Bry and Pul.
6. Nat-ars is a cocktail of Ars, Nat-m, Sep and Thyr.
7. Bar-m is a blend of Bar-c (shyness, slowness, childishness,
backward, glandular), Nat-m (sensitive; introvert; hot;
emaciation; tubercular) and Bufo (childish; backward;
epileptic; sexually excited; unsocial).
Comments
Life is not solo or mono; it is always a blend. The Cocktail relation
33 of 43 05/18/17 18:09
speaks for the synthetic approach of a physician towards a case

through the consideration of many remedies. I remember a case
of a woman with hypothyroidism, urticaria, and hypertension. My
case record over years of treatment for her showed that she is
being kept on Sep, Nat-m, Thyr and Ars-alb with partial relief. While
working over the project of Select MM, I came across Dr. Tarkas’s
statement that Nat-ars is a blend of all these remedies and I
decided to try for this remedy. Daily repetition of Nat-ars in 30C
potency over months gave a good amount of relief to the patient.
Carc is a blend of the magnesium (non-protected) and natrum

(ill-protected) childhood. From another angle, Lac maternum
(estranged from the family) and Saccharum officinale (I am sweet
to everyone, but why people are cruel to me) are mirrored in Carc.
22. MILDER / LESSER AND DEEPER / INTENSIFIED

RELATIONSHIP
This relationship is the derivation of the remedial functionality on

the basis of pace / depth / intensity / fury of action.
Examples
1. The lodides and Murs are less deep-acting than the Carbs;
and of the former, lodides are more angrily acting than the
other two. Iods and Sulphs never disown their parents Iodine,
Sulphur.
2. Carb-v is a lesser Kali-c, a lesser Asct-t, a lesser Bry; also a
lesser Am-c.
3. Lach is an intensified Kali-i.
4. Bellis-p is a greater or deeper Arnica
5. Carl is an earlier, milder Cact.
6. Rad-br is an intensified Rhus-t.
7. Syph is an intensified close-up of the broader remedies Phos,
Kali-i and Sul-I and also complements them.
8. Ambr is milder Sil, intensified Pul and X-ray is intensified
Ambr.
Comments
Life is always in interiorization and exteriorization, in storms and
34 of 43 05/18/17 18:09
tranquil spells, in speeds of varying degrees. In the same way, our

remedies all have patterns of their errant behavior and this allows
us to know their hustles and scales. This RR can be studied at the
sectorial and general level. Acute/Chronic/Complementary
/Remedies that follow well have this relationship as the base. A
categorical statement can be made that venoms are intense in
action as compared with non-venom remedies.
To illustrate: Rad-br is an intensified Rhus-t. Both Rad-br and

Rhus-t share the rheumatic diathesis, < winter and damp weather,
< during thunderstorms, pains < beginning of motion, rest; >
continued motion; severe sore achings with stiffness and
restlessness. However, Rad-br is a radium salt, penetrating deeply
in the system and this is the reason it is termed as intensified
Rhus-t. Carl is called an earlier, milder Cact because Carl is more
functional while Cact is both functional and structural. Both are
constrictive-congestive but Cact can be indicated for real angina
pectoris while Carl is for pseudo-angina pectoris.
23. SOURCE / GROUP / FAMILY / KINGDOM
The remedies in materia medica are derived from various

sources. On the basis of these sources, one can formulate many
relations that may be useful in clinical practice.
Example
1. Kali-sil is a chemical Psor (filthiness; lassitude; chilliness;

averse to open air, to bath; skin phase, lack of reaction).
2. Mild snakes: Card, Pul, Ust, Kali-i, Sul-ac.
3. Chemical snake: Am-c.
4. Bry is botanical congener of Coloc.
5. Coloc is a vegetable Mag-p.
6. Gels is a vegetable Lach, also a vegetable and acute Kali-c.
7. Urt-u is a vegetable; Apis is an animal (and both are acute of)
Natrum mur.
8. Bufo, Carb-ac, Echin, Hippz, Malan a useful group.
Comments
This is an interesting study and offers many unfathomed

explanations. The basis of this RR is similarity. Different remedies
35 of 43 05/18/17 18:09
from different kingdoms get connected and we can coin their RR.
24 ‘STAGES’ RELATIONSHIP
Evolution is an integral attribute of remedial action. This gives rise

to multiple ways of relations of remedies. Son / Father / Twin /
Family, Child / Youth / Old age, Patron / Confrere / Comrade /
Friend etc. are types of this relationship.
This facilitates deeper understanding of remedies.
Examples
1. Ambr is old man’s Ign; a negative Puls.

2. Caust and Kali-c are twins: Kali-c goes deeper in gastro-
pectoral-cardiac sphere while Caust does so in paralysis or
neuro-muscular sphere, Caust anxiety is more diffuse than
Kali-c; Caust has no true inflammation.
3. Lyc is an aged Arg-n.
4. Carc is an offspring of Sul and Tub.
5. Aur-m is patron of and carries forward the work of Asaf,
Carb-v, Cocc, Ign, Kali-i, Nat-m, Pul, Sec, Sep, Thuj, Sul.
6. Children of Ign mother may require Med or Nat-m.
7. Aged Sep may need Con.
Comments
Living MM is understood better through RR! Let us take the last

sentence, ‘Aged Sep may need Con.’ We all know that Sep has
aversion to sex and this goes for suppression of sexual energy.
When Sep becomes old and many degenerating conditions start
supervening, the suppressed sex shares in the cause. It is here
that Con comes into operation. Con is also for atherosclerosis,
hypertension, malignancy and paralysis. Readers are requested to
read Dr. Ajit Kulkarni’s article on “On constitution, Inheritance and
Relationship of Remedies.”
25. TRIO / QUARTET
Trio: A group of three remedies that are useful one after other in a
definite order e.g. Sul-Calc-Lyc. This order is irreversible:
Lycopodium can not come before Calc or Sul.
36 of 43 05/18/17 18:09
Quartet refers to a quadrilateral picture.
Examples
Trios
1. Kali-c -Caust-Lycopodium Sul- Calc -Graphites

2. Hydr- Con- Bar-m. Nux-v-Lycopodium -Bar-m.
Quartet:
1. Ambr, Arg-n, Nat-m and Kali-c present a complete

quadrilateral picture of hysteria, flatulence, rheumatism and
heart.
2. Arg-n-Caust-Con-Lyc: a collateral quartet.
3. The odorous quartet Ambr, Asaf, Carb-s, Poth form a
remarkably associated group.
Comments over Trios by Nash and Kent
There is always a choice for every homoeopath to develop his

own trios, given his personal experience and interpretation, but it
is necessary to evaluate them.
Let me comment over the trio – Fluent coryza – Ars alb-Allium

cepa-Merc sol of Nash. It can be accepted that these three
remedies are frequently used for coryza. If I apply the logic of
deeper acting, more intensified, fixed order, evolutionary
sequence etc. to Nash’s trio, then the problem is faced. I
understand that Arsenicum album is deeper acting than Allium
cepa. Does Nash want to say that illness begins with Arsenic
album, and then the situation worsens and demands Allium cepa
and then Merc sol symptoms step in? It is understandable that
Merc sol can come at the last when the final target of throat in the
form of tonsillitis or pharyngitis or suppuration sets in. As a
matter of fact, many trios are borne out of personal references,
preferences and inferences.
The trio on Grief – Ignatia-Nat mur-Phos-acid as given by Kent is,

however, acceptable in terms of evolution and magnitude. All
have basic melancholic temperament and ailments from grief;
further each one has silent grief. Ignatia, Natrum mur and
37 of 43 05/18/17 18:09
Phos-acid isolate themselves when grieved. So they share a lot in

common as cognates. Hence, there is every reason to announce
them as a trio. It’s a time-tested statement- “Ignatia is useful for
the acute stages of grief, Natrum mur for its chronic effects.”
Phos-acid has profound grief. It is more pathological. There is
paralysis of emotions after grief. Grief can come in many forms-
Loss of hair, prostration, can’t eat anymore, loss of weight etc. In
serious grief, Phos-acid becomes very indifferent and he doesn’t
care anymore about his life. In the evolution Phos-acid shows
characters like non-communication, ‘still’ depressiveness,
emotional numbness, low energy, slow-in thinking and speaking.
This is a furtherance state and aptly fits in the criteria of Trio. It is
not just three favourite remedies of grief. There is logic behind it.
Let me address the Nash trio: Profuse stringy expectoration – Kali

bich-Hydrastis – Coccus cacti. It is clear that Nash wants to
present his favourite list of three remedies for profuse and stringy
discharge. If you want to examine this trio as an irreversible order,
the logic goes off. Hydrastis is more for decrepit old people, and
hence I will prefer it to be at the last. Even Kali bich is deeper
acting than Coccus-cacti. The appropriate trio should be Cocc
cacti-Kali bich-Hydrastis.
Comments over E. A. Farrington’s Trio
Masturbation and excessive venery trio – Nux vom-Sulphur-

Calcarea carbonica
The general rubric Masturbation contains Calc for 1 mark, Nux

vom for 2 marks and Sulphur for 2 marks. But in the sub-rubric,
excessive masturbation, Calc is for 3 marks and there is no
mention of Nux vom and Sulphur. How will you explain all these
calculations? (Reference: Kent’s Repertory and Synthesis 9.1). I
am interested to know what logic of rigid order and evolution this
trio represents. One can intellectualize, pseudo-intellectualize,
super-intellectualize, but I fear if it will be figured out adequately.
My list of prominent remedies for masturbation is Bufo
rana-Lachesis-Medorrhinum
Comments over A. G. Clarke’s Trio
Climacteric trio – Lachesis – Sepia – Sulph
38 of 43 05/18/17 18:09
In this trio, in the middle, there is an extremely chilly remedy and

two extremely hot remedies at the sides. It can be understood
that these are often indicated remedies for climacteric
disturbances like hot flushes, DUB, post menopausal depression,
anxiety etc. These three remedies have space of their own and
they try to maintain their image before others. Have all these
considerations any place in this trio? If it is just a collection of
three prominent remedies of climaxis, why should I stretch
myself? About sequence, anything can happen. A patient of Sepia
can present symptoms of Lachesis and then of Sulphur. Or, it may
also be possible that chilly Sepia presented herself as a chronic
remedy and because of menopause, she became hot and showed
herself as Sulphur. But hot flushes and other symptoms didn’t
respond to Sulphur and finally she required Lachesis. Possibilities
of thinking patterns are diverse and that makes the situation
confusing for a homoeopath.
Interchangeability in the trio remedies
About the trio, Sulph-Calc-Lyc, the same issue of hot then chilly
and again warm blooded comes up. The king of anti-psora (by the
way, I have a strong opinion that Sulphur is more tubercular in
miasmatic preponderance than psoric, given its lean, thin
constitution, voracious appetite but emaciating, every little injury
festers, rapid metabolism, destructive disposition, phthisical and
cancerous diathesis etc.) comes first as a consequence of
suppression of skin or discharge; the condition becomes chronic
and sycotic and finally culminates into the syphilitic stage where
Lycopodium pathology is produced.
Recently while searching the old jottings of Dr. Tarkas, I found his
views, “The classical trio Sulph-Calc-lyc should rather begin with
Calc and end with Sulph; psoric miasm to be removed last.
Moreover Calc’s first miasm is already psora; this way too, Calc
should take up the beginning”. Let me introduce the trio Nat-mur-
Nat-carb-Aur-met. This trio is at the mind level. It also depicts the
evolution of personality, changes in dispositions. Aurums have
been termed as intensified Natrums, given their profound grief
and suicidal disposition. Natrum mur invests a lot of emotions
and energy in others. The heart rules the head and if he sustains
disappointment, he is severely hurt and offended. He feels
defeated and develops a melancholic temperament. His ego acts
39 of 43 05/18/17 18:09
as a barrier in maintaining the healthy relations and he goes into

the state of self-reproach. His conscience starts biting him and
this is the state of Nat-carb. Nat-carb is one of the prominent
remedies for conscientious about trifles. The carbonicum
element makes him more sensitive (music <, for example) and
weak (‘feels stupefied if he tries to exert himself’). He develops
misanthropy, starts estranging himself from family and society
and drives himself to an Aurum met state. Miasmatic evolution
from psora-sycosis-syphilis is also represented by the trio.
Comments
Readers are requested to read Dr. Ajit Kulkarni’s two papers

(“Trinity in Holism” and “The Trio Pulsatilla- Silicea and
Fluoric-acid” published in previous NJH journals).
26. BODY LANGUAGE
Body language is a very good theme to discriminate between

remedies. All the basic elements of body language viz.
Appearance, Gestures, Postures, Space and Distancing, Touch,
Facial Expressions, Eye expressions, Voice and Intonation etc.
could be utilized for the sake of RR. The readers are requested to
refer to Dr. Ajit Kulkarni’s book, “Body Language and
Homoeopathy”.
SOME EXAMPLES
Many questions from different parts of the world were asked to

Dr. Ajit Kulkarni about remedy relations. The answers threw light
on this important subject.
Q. Osmium is lycopodized Allium-sativa?
A. Osm shares similarity with All-s at the respiratory and

gastrointestinal level. In a way, All-s is an acute of Lyc and Osm is
also an acute of Lyc.
When a case presents with data not only of All-s, but also of
Lycopodium or there are definitive elements of Lyc, but a
physician doesn’t want to give Lyc out of fear of aggravation, one
should think of Osm. In other words, when All-s fails, one can
think of Osm before one wants to push Lyc.>
Q. What do you mean by “There is no bar in Arg-n ripening with Lyc?
40 of 43 05/18/17 18:09
A. To understand this statement we must define the pattern of

energy of Arg-n that culminates in a Lyc state. Arg-n is always
hurried, always on the go and it goes unrestricted. Once Arg-n
starts going into degeneration from sycotic to syphilitic, there is
no bar, there is no restraint as the syphilitic miasma starts telling
upon the economy. Given the pace of energy that Arg-n has, it
goes into the state of Lyc as both Arg-n and Lyc are nearest
analogues. Lyc is, however, deeper- acting, deeper in terms of
pathological and miasmatic activity than Arg-n. Q. What do you
mean by “Calc is energized by Nit-ac”? A. The concept is that
Nit-ac is deeper-acting and complementary to Calc being an acid
remedy and also because it covers tubercular and syphilitic
miasms. It moves the indolent, lazy Calc. For example, in cases of
warts and cancer, Nit-ac will arouse the vitality in an otherwise
sluggish, sycotic Calc patient. Q. Bry polarized into catarrh is
Nux-v. What is the meaning of that? A. Polarization is a process of
trasversing to the opposing side , i.e. from dryness to catarrh.
Both Bry and Nux-v are sycotic but Bry is dry and Nux-v is with
discharge. For example, coryza or cough may begin as dry (Bry)
and can move to wet (Nux-v). Q. ‘Bry is inchoate Penic, which
manifests catarrh latent in Bry’. What is the meaning? A. Inchoate
means just begun and so not fully formed or developed;
rudimentary: For example, Pakistan has still inchoate democracy.
Here both Bry and Penic are sycotic in nature. But Bry turns into
Penic as the catarrh develops further. In other words, Penic
follows well after Bry in inflammations.
Q. What do you mean by shock stage– the “Camph of meningitis”?
A. Am-c acts as Camph, activating the low state, of adynamia.
Q. What do you mean by “Ambr is receptionist of Sul?
A. Ambr is more for functional pathologies, more for hysterical

disposition. Sul is a deep acting constitutional-functional as well
as structural. Both Ambr and Sul are psoric and both have
ailments from suppression of skin eruptions. But the energy
pattern of miasmatic influence differs. Ambr is soft and gentle;
while Sul is like an owner, king of antipsoric remedies. Ambr
behaves with less ego projection, while Sul has high ego and there
is roughness and coarseness in behaving with others. Ambr is
called a receptionist in view of attributes of a receptionist who
has to be mild and gentle in dealing with people. Ambr is an acute
41 of 43 05/18/17 18:09
of Sul and it follows well after Sul. A case can be opened with
Ambr like Sul.
Q. What is ‘Asterias rubens reshuffling of, and an arterial, Cur’?
A. The word reshuffling is used in the context of ‘designed newly’.

It means that if we look at Cur with the vision of Aster in our mind,
we may come across some striking similarities. Both are
congestive, ulcerative, degenerative, cachectic and cancerous.
Aster acts on arteries, but Cur has no deep action on arteries.
Q. What do you mean by “Iods and Sulphs never disown Iodine and
Sulphur”?
A. The meaning of this sentence is that in any remedy where Iod

or Sul is present in the form of either cation or anion, the remedy
is bound to reflect characters of Iod or Sul. It’s as if they are the
parents. To illustrate, in Ars-i, you get reflections of Iod or in Kali-s,
you will get those of Sul.
CONCLUSION
A physician, who aspires to become an artist of healing

profession, can’t brush aside the concept of RR. The study of MM
through RR is a practical and advanced study of MM. The follow
up of a case involves many aspects, one of the major being RR.
RR is all about identity, about connections, about practical utility.
RR is all about individualization, the central tenet of prescribing in

homoeopathy.
RR is all about rapport, with remedies, with patients; for healing.
REFERENCES
Boger C.M., Synoptic Key of the Materia medica, B. Jain Pub.,

New Delhi
Farrington. E.A., Comparative Materia medica, B. Jain Pub.,
New Delhi
Gross, R. H. A Comparative Materia medica, B. Jain Pub., New
Delhi
Roberts, H. A., The Study of Remedies by comparison, B. Jain
42 of 43 05/18/17 18:09
Pub., New Delhi

Hahnemann S., Organon of Medicine, sixth edition, translated
by W. Boericke, B. Jain Pub., New Delhi
Hahnemann S., Chronic Diseases Their Peculiar Nature and
Cure, B. Jain Pub. Ltd.
Kent J.T., Lectures on Homoeopathic Philosophy, B. Jain Pub.
New Delhi.
Kent J.T., Lectures on Homoeopathic Materia medica, B. Jain
Pub. New Delhi.
Gibson Miller, Relationship of Remedies, B. Jain Pub. New
Delhi.
Sankaran P., The Clinical relationship of homoeopathic
Medicines, Homoeopathic Medical Publishers, Mumbai
Schepper De Luc, Achieving and Maintaining the Simillimum,
B. Jain Pub. Ltd.
Symposium Volumes, I.C.R. Publication, Mumbai
Dr. Abdur Rehman, Encyclopedia of Remedy Relationship in
Homeopathy, Narayana Publishers, Germany
Nicola Henriques, Crossroads to Cure, Totality Press, CA
Philip Bailey, Homeopathic Psychology, B. Jain Publishers,
New Delhi
Candegabe E. F., Comparative Materia Medica, B. Jain
Publishers, New Delhi
Koppikar, S. P., 70 Years In Clinical Practice, B. Jain Publishers,
New Delhi
Tarkas P. I. and Kulkarni Ajit, A Select Homoeopathic Materia
Medica, B. Jain Publishers, New Delhi
Kulkarni, Ajit, Body Language and Homoeopathy, B. Jain Pub.,
New Delhi
Gaskin A., Comparative study on Kent’s Materia medica, B.
Jain Publishers, New Delhi
Dockx And Kokelenberg, Kent’s Comparative Repertory of the
Homoeopathic Materia medica, B. Jain Publishers, New Delhi
Luis Detinis, Mental Symptoms in Homeopathy, Elsevier, New
Delhi
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Hpathy.com A New Approach to Your Remedy

What else is life, if not relationships? Could you conceive of

Relating means trying to get acquainted. First there is the

Remedy relationship (RR) is nothing but the various relations that

The subject of relationship of remedies is one of the intriguing,

a) Environmental inputs out of inter-action

b) Disease potential exerting its influence over the individual

To fathom relations in their depth and extent, a homoeopathic

1. The concept of similarity: degrees and levels; the qualitative

5. The knowledge of logical and philosophical faculties

All this knowledge is necessary, for the study of materia medica is

As a matter of fact, RR is about ‘second’ prescription (note that

Actually, second prescription is all about timing. Timing in clinical

mostly in giving a remedy based on these forms. The remedy

The word structural, which is used in the statement, is not from

An attempt has been made in this article to understand the

EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT – HAHNEMANN

It is from Hahnemann that the concept of relationship of

administration of a homoeopathic medicine not merely tolerably

Boenninghausen represented the concept of RR in a systemic way

CONTRIBUTORS FROM A MATERIA MEDICA PERSPECTIVE

If we analyze the literature of our predecessors, we find

The meaning of these relations gets overlapped. All these

There are three comparative materia medica books authored by

I must mention some outstanding contributors about RR. First is

DHAWALE and K. N. KASAD’s exemplary writings in ‘ICR

CATHERINE COULTER through ‘Constitutional Types’, PHILIP

FROM REPERTORIAL PERSPECTIVE

Repertory is nothing but Materia medica in different outline, in

In fact, repertory is a vast collection of relationships. Each rubric

THE VALUE OF RELATIONSHIP

The relationship section is not a product of proving, as proving

on experience and interpretation of the remedial action. The

A homoeopathic physician should find justification of every

No physician can get adequate success in his clinical practice if

Some homoeopaths don’t bother about the use of RR, because

The relationship of remedies concerns the huge field of operation

exploration should go for the paraphernalia that get developed

A large coverage of remedies with their core / nucleus / essence /

UNDERSTANDING OLD RELATIONS AND DEVELOPING NEW

An attempt has been made to explain the old terms of RR. We

a) That which bears an analogy to something else.

b) An organ or structure that is similar in function to another

c) Similar or equivalent in certain respects, close enough to be

compared (syn. Akin, Cognate).

1. Calc, Caust, Con, Lach, Lyc, Puls are analogues of Argentumn.

Similarity is the base of this RR. The subject of remedy analogues

A single group consisting of many analogous remedies is formed

Analogous RR should prepare a ground for comparative study of

The portrait of a disease is heterogenous, non-descript,

1. A patient with abdominal colic requiring Caust —- Coloc —-

This relationship is about ‘remedies in a series’ and it has a basis

In cyclical relation we define the stage in operation at the present

To sum up cyclical RR, see the similarity, concentrate on the

If the status quo is maintained and a case comes to a standstill, a

1. 1. Tub in a case of pneumonia with delayed resolution or in

3. DNA in a case of inveterate psoriasis.

Hahnemann himself observed that occasionally constitutional

Readers are requested to read a separate article on intercurrent

Miasms are the morbid constitutions that make the system

Each layer is an entry unto itself.

1. Gels is a psoric Kali-c.