PROBLEMS

ON
RESULTANTS
PROBLEMS
1) Replace the three horizontal forces and applied couple with an

equivalent force-couple system at O by specifying the resultant R
and couple MO.
PROBLEMS Replace the three horizontal forces and applied couple with
an equivalent
 force-couple system at O by specifying the
resultant R and couple MO.

70°

M O

70°
R
x
70°
        
R   F  F1  F2  F3  (4sin 70i  4cos 70 j )  (10sin 70i 10cos 70 j ) 
 
(6sin 70i  6cos 70 j )
  
R  7.52i  2.74 j (kN )
+
M O  4cos 70(1)  4sin 70(0.3)  6 sin 70 (0.3)  6cos 70 (2.5) 10cos 70 (4) 15
M O  22.10 kN  mm (ccw)
PROBLEMS

2) Where does the

resultant of the two
forces act?
PROBLEMS Where does the resultant act?

M1  660 (0.3) 198 N m (ccw) 660 N

M 2  20 ( x) 198 N m (cw) 20 N
198 20 N
x  9.9 m
20
M2

M1
x

Resultant (20 N) acts 9.9+0.3+0.5= 10.7 m left

of point A
PROBLEMS

3) Under nonuniform and slippery road conditions, the four forces

shown are exerted on the four drive wheels of the all-wheel-drive
vehicle. Determine the resultant of this system and the x- and y-
intercepts of its line of action. Note that the front and rear
tracks are equal (i. e., AB  CD ).
PROBLEMS Determine the resultant of the system and the x- and y-intercepts of
its line of action.

AB  CD
PROBLEMS
4) The pedal-chain
wheel unit of a bicycle
is shown in the figure.
The left foot of the
rider exerts the 160 N
force, while the use of
toe-clips allows the
right foot to exert the
nearly upward 80 N
force. Determine the
equivalent force couple
system at point O.
Also, determine the
equation of the line of
action of the system
resultant treated as a
single force R. Treat
the problem as two
dimensional.
 Determine the equivalent force couple system at point O and the
PROBLEMS equation of the line of action of the system resultant treated as a single
force R.
 380 mm
800 N
C
160 mm
150 mm 800 N
A

320 mm

5) The forces acting on the belts on a pulley system are equal

with a magnitude of 800 N. The pulley is secured to the steel
column by means of two bolts at A and B. Replace the two forces
with a force-couple system, in which the equivalent force will be
at the midpoint of the bolts. Then, determine the force each
bolt will sustain by distributing this force and couple to forces
acting at points A and B.
 Replace with a force-couple system, in which
the equivalent force will be at the midpoint of
the bolts. Determine the force each bolt will
sustain by distributing this force and couple to
forces acting at points A and B.

380 mm
800 N
C
160 mm
150 mm 800 N
A

320 mm

B
6) The device shown is part of an automobile seat-back-release
mechanism. The part is subjected to the 4 N force exerted at A and a
300 N·mm restoring moment exerted by a hidden torsional spring.
Determine the y-intercept of the line of action of the single equivalent
force.
 Determine the y-intercept of the line of action of the
single equivalent force.
    
F  4cos15i  4sin 15 j  3.86i 1.04 j N
+
M   4 cos15 (40)  4sin 15 (10)  300
  
3.86 1.04

 144  300 156 N  mm (ccw) F

y F

M 156 N  mm
3.86 ( y )  156 , y  40.41 mm
F 4N
M 156 N  mm

{
x
P ( x, y )
y 
P F
P (0,  40.41) mm
F

F 4N
P
PROBLEMS

7) Determine the
force-couple system
at O which is
equivalent to the
two forces applied
to the shaft AOB.

Is R perpendicular

to M O ?
PROBLEMS Determine the force-couple system at O which is equivalent to
 the
two forces applied to the shaft AOB. Is R perpendicular to M O ?

    
R  (600sin 30 j  600cos30k )  (800sin 45 j  800cos 45k )
  
 
  
 

F1 300 j 519.62k F2 565.69 j 565.69k
  
R  265.69 j 1085.31k ( N )

    
M O  r1  F1  r2  F2
 
   
M O  0.08i  300 j  519.62k
 
  
 0.16i   565.69 j  565.69k
    
M O  24k  41.57 j  90.49k  90.49 j
  
M O  48.92 j 114.49k ( N m)
   
if R  M O , then R  M O  0
 
R  M O   265.69 48.92 1085.31114.49
 111260  0
they are not perpendicu lar to each other
8) The two forces and one
couple act on the
elements of a drill press
as shown. Determine the
equivalent force-couple
system at point O.
 Determine the equivalent force-
O (0, 0, 0) , A (50, 100, z A ) mm , couple system at point O.
B (0, 200
 sin
15, 200
  cos
15) mm

51.76 193.19
   
R  F  20i  300k ( N )

     
M O  r1  F1  r2  F2  C
 
   
M O  0.05i  0.1 j  300k
 
   
 0.0518 j  0.193k  20i 12k

     
M O  15 j  30i 1.036k  3.86 j 12k
   
M O  30i 11.14 j 10.964k ( N  m)
9) Express and
identify the resultant
of the two forces and 1.5 kN
150 mm
one couple shown
450 mm
acting on the shaft 600 N.m

angled in the x-z

plane. 1.5 kN
 
B (0.45cos 20, 0, z  0.15  0.45sin 20)  (0.423,0, z  0.304) m M R ?
C (0, 0, z ) m
    
R  F  0 M R  C1  C2 z C
      1.5 kN
C1  rB / C  F  (0.423i  0.304k ) 1500 j 150 mm  
   rB / C nAB
C1  634.5k  456i ( N  m) 450 mm
600 N.m
   
C2  C2 n AB  600 (cos 20i  sin 20k )
   B
C2  563.82i  205.21k ( N  m) 1.5 kN
x
  
M R 107.82i  839.71k ( N  m) A z


nAB
20

B
10) The floor exerts the four indicated forces on the
wheels of an engine hoist.
Determine the location
in the x-y plane
at which the
resultant of
the forces act.
 Determine the location in the x-y plane at which the
resultant of the forces act.

O (0, 0, 0) , A (0.6,  0.4, 0) m , B (0.5,  0.4, 0) m

C (0.475,1.9, 0) m , D (0.5, 2, 0) m

  
R   F  (240 120 1080  840)k
 
R  2280 k ( N )

        
M O  r1  F1  r2  F2  r3  F3  r4  F4
   
      
M O  0.6i  0.4 j  240k   0.5i  0.4 j  120k
 
   


144 j 96i 60 j 48i

   
       
  0.475i 1.9 j  840k  0.5i  2 j  1080k  3612i  225 j( N  mm)
   
 
399 j 1596i 540 j 2160i
 Determine the location in the x-y plane at which the
resultant of the forces act.

    
R  2280 k ( N ) , M O  3612i  225 j ( N  m)


      R
 M O  rP / O   R or M O  rP / O  R 
      R
M O  ( xi  yj )  2280k  2280 xj  2280 yi
  
M O  3612i  225 j ( N  m) 
rP / O
 P (x, y)
i 2280 y  3612 , y 1.58 m 
MO

j  2280 x  225 , x  0.0987 m 
MO
P (0.0987,1.58) m 
R
PROBLEMS
* Line MN lies in a plane parallel to
the horizontal plane
11) The weight of the robot arm
C=27 N.m
AB is 200 N and its direction
cosines are cos qx=0.6, cos qy (qy
C
<90°) and cos qz=0. For arm BC the y
540 mm
weight is 160 N with cos qx=7/9, cos
qy=4/9 and cos qz=-4/9. The mass //y F=250 N
N
centers of both arms are at their 37o
53o
midpoints. A force of magnitude B 160 N
F=250 N and a couple of magnitude
C=27 Nm along the axis BC are //z //x
M
applied to the end C of arm BC. 500 mm

Replace the three forces and one 200 N

couple acting on the robot assembly

with an equivalent force-couple at A
point A.
z x
PROBLEMS WAB = 200 N, cos qx=0.6, cos qy (qy <90°) and cos qz=0. WBC = 160 N, cos
qx=7/9, cos qy=4/9 and cos qz=-4/9. F=250 N and C=27 Nm act to the
end C of arm BC. Replace the three forces and one couple acting
on the robot assembly with an equivalent C=27 N.m
force-couple at point A.

C
y
540 mm

//y F=250 N
N
37o
53o
B 160 N

//z //x
500 mm M
200 N
* Line MN lies in a plane
parallel to the horizontal
plane

z x
PROBLEMS

12) The force-couple system acting at O is equivalent to

   
the wrench acting at A. If R  600i 1400 j  700k ( N ) and
 
M R // 1200 ( N  m) , determine M O .

 z
z R 

MO M R //

 
R y
y x 2m 3m
x A
PROBLEMS The force-couple sytem acting at O is equivalent to the wrench acting
    
at A. If R  600i 1400 j  700k ( N ) and M R // 1200 ( N  m)

determine M O .

 z
z R 

MO M R //

 
R y
y x 2m 3m
x A
PROBLEMS
13) A portion of the flue for a furnace
is attached to the ceiling at A. While
supporting the free end of the flue at
F, a worker applies the forces indicated
at E and F and the couple M (applied to
portion CB) to align end E with the
furnace. Knowing that the 95 N force
at F lies in a plane parallel to the yz
plane, determine (a) the angle a the
force at F should form with the
horizontal if duct AB is not to tend to
rotate about the vertical axis, (b) the
equivalent force-couple system at A of
the given system, (c) further
reduce the system to
a wrench and
determine the
coordinates of the
point the line of
action of the wrench
passes in the yz plane.

Line EG lies in the xz plane and forms a 45° angle

with the // x axis. The line of action of the 75 N
force forms an angle of 53° with line EG.
PROBLEMS
95 N force at F lies in a plane
Determine (a) the angle a the force at parallel to the yz plane, line EG
lies in the xz plane and forms a
F should form with the horizontal if 45° angle with the // x axis.
duct AB is not to tend to rotate about The line of action of the 75 N
the vertical axis, (b) the equivalent force forms an angle of 53°
with line EG.
force-couple system at A of the given
system, (c) further reduce the system
to a wrench and determine the
coordinates of the point the line of
action of the wrench passes in the yz
plane.
 Z
F1 = 30 N
 F2 = 75 N
C2 F3 = 40 N
C1 = 60 Nm
C2 = 100 Nm (in yz plane)

C1 C3 = 80 Nm (in plane ABCD)
qy < 90o
 60°
qy
F1
45°

G F3
O O (0, 0, 0) m
30°
6m A (12, 0, 0) m
A
B (in xz plane)
X   C
Y C (12, 8, 0) m

37°
C3 F2 E E (6, 10, -3) m
53°
G (10, 4, 4) m
B

4m D

14) Replace the system comprising two forces, two couples and a positive
wrench with an equivalent force-couple acting at point O. Then, reduce the
system further into a wrench and determine the coordinates of point P, of
which the line of action of the wrench cuts through the yz plane.
Force:

cos 2 45  cos 2 60  cos 2q y 1  q y  60o

 
      
F1  30 cos45 i  cos60 j  cos60k  21.21i 15 j 15k
  

F2  75
12 18i  (8  0) j  (0  8)k   
 35.15 i  46.88 j  46.88k
 4 2

 8 2
 8 2
    
F3  40cos 60cos53 i  40cos 60sin 53 j  40cos30k 12 i 16 j  34.64k
    
R  F  1.95 i  77.88 j  96.52k 
 
 R 1.95 i  77.88 j  96.52k   
nR     0.015 i  0.63 j  0.78k
R
1 .9577
2
 .88 2
96
.52

2

124.04
 Moment:
   
M o  r  F  C
  
         
r1  F1  10 i  4 j  4k  21.21i 15 j 15k  65.16 j  65.16k
  
         
r2  F2  12 i  8 j   35.15 i  46.88 j  46.88k  375.04 i  562.56 j  843.84k
  
          
r3  F3  6 i 10 j  3k  12 i 16 j  34.64k  394.4 i  243.84 j  24k
 
      
C1  60 cos45 i  cos60 j  cos60k  42.42 i  30 j  30k
 
C 2 100 i
 
    
BA  BD   6 i  8 k 4 j  32 i  24k
  32 i  24 k  
C3  80  64 i  32k

2 2
32 24

   
 40
       
M O   65.16 j  65.16k  375.04 i  562.56 j  843.84k  394.4 i  243.84 j  24k
   
     
 42.42 i  30 j  30k  100 i   64 i  32k
 
M O  847.86 i 841.56 j  867k
Equivalent force-couple system at point
O   
R  1.95 i  77.88
 j  96.52k 
 
M O  847.86 i 841.56 j  867k
Reduction to a wrench in yz plane

  
       
M //  M O nR  847.86 i 841.56 j  867k   0.015 i  0.63 j  0.78k 133.35 Nm
 
       
M //  M // nR 133.35  0.015 i  0.63 j  0.78k  2 i  84.02 j 104.02k

MO z
Positive wrench
Positive wrench
       
R  1.95 i  77.88 j  96.52k R  1.95 i  77.88 j  96.52k
 
M //  2 i 84.02 j 104.02k 
M    
M //  2 i  84.02 j 104.02k

y
x
The coordinates of point P, of which the line of action of the wrench cuts through the yz plane:

  
       
M   M o  M //  847.86 i 841.56 j  867k   2 i  84.02 j 104.02k
   
M   849.86 i  925.58 j  762.98k
  
       
y j  zk  1.95 i  77.8 j  96.52k  849.86 i  925.58 j  762.98k
 

  
    
 
r R M
      
1.95 yk  96.52 yi 1.45 zj  77.8 zi  849.86 i  925.58 j  762.98k
j  1.95 z  925.58  z  474.66 m
k  1.95 y  762.98  y  391.27 m

z    
R  1.95 i  77.88 j  96.52k

Positive wrench
   
M //  2 i  84.02 j 104.02k
 P(0;391.27;474.66)
r

x O
y