2018-AU-03

LAB SESSION # 01
FLUID MECHANICS

University of Engineering and

Technology Lahore

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Fluid Mechanics Lab # 01

Submitted to: Sir Muhammad Jawad

Submitted By: M. Shoaib Afzal

Date: 29-09-2019

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 2018-AU-03
LAB SESSION # 01
FLUID MECHANICS

Study of the hydraulic bench and accessories.

Recent trends:
The modern hydraulic bench is compact, safe and economical and provide a range of
water to perform the free experiments in the field of hydraulics, fluid mechanics and hydrolysis.
Modern apparatus is equipped with a brake friction type. However recently in professional
work trainers can also run the apparatus with the help of the portable and the hydraulic unit
which is of the hydraulic power group instead of the hydraulic bench which is used. Modern
instruments have been designed to provide us with the study of the velocity losses due to the
pipes or the hydraulic elements which are attached to it such that valve and the metering
elements etc. The modern apparatus is designed to be the flexible with respect to this that they
allow to hook up the accessories of different materials and roughness. And also, the quick
fitting piping is used which is quick and simple. More ever a dripping pan is also available in
the modern instruments which helps to keep the working area and the other components dry.
Ecological pressure taps are also available which prevents the water leakage while we are
connecting or disconnecting because they are self-sealing. With the possibility of the grade of
complexity user can use several types of the configurations to its complete and complex design.
For opening or closing of the valves there is no need of the replacement of the accessories. It
is also provided with the number of
the measuring points so the leakage of
the water can be controlled while
replacing. They also provide the
pressure measuring points (bourdon,
water column and digital gauges).
They provide the calibration of each
component so that the user can check
the flow rate. The top of the bench
provides the working area. The flow
of the water is controlled with the help
of the valve which is operated with the
help of hand. An electric circuit provides the circuit protection and pump switch is attached at
the side to it. Sight gauge the lower level help to check the level of the water.

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 2018-AU-03
LAB SESSION # 01
FLUID MECHANICS

Recommendations:
When we are going to perform an experiment then during the replacement of the pipes
and other accessories this thing must be kept in mind that the connections are tight so that no
leakage occur during the experiment. The level of the horizontal tubes must be accurate so that
no error occurs in readings. While taking the values your level must be equal to the scale so
that no error occurs. A remote sight gauge is connected to a tapping in the base of the tank
which give indication of water level is a mechanical device which may misbehave at any time
so we must replace and check it and more ever recently the digital devices are used which
reduces the human error to the zero percent. More ever low flow rates are monitored on the
lower portion while large flow rates are monitored on the upper scale. For the construction of
the new hydraulic bench volumetric measurements should be taken in preference to other
methods for its ease to use accuracy and safety. There must be no heavy weights for the students
to handle. For the reduction of the turbulence and for the instantons indication of the water
level remote sight tube will be present. There must be an easy to use pipe which must have the
ability to replace the accessories without the use of the hand tools should be present in the
benchtop. In the modern world with the development of the electrical instrument digital meters
must be present on the hydraulic bench because they can prevent a number of losses as if the
stopwatch was stopped or started a few moment later than it will alter the readings or if the
eyes of the observer were not parallel to the measuring instrument than this error could be
prevented with the help of the digital hydraulic bench.

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