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FUB-FUB-FB-610001-K14 Lithium ion battery, VIN: K335301
Mileage 0 km
Lithium ion battery
The lithium ion battery is used in vehicles with a 12 V vehicle electrical system.
The lithium ion battery is characterised by a high energy density. However, it requires electronic overvoltage protectors in
most uses. One advantage of the lithium ion battery is its behaviour during energy recovery.
The lithium ion battery is subject to very little memory effect. Lithium ion batteries are further categorised in accordance with
their structure and the material used for the electrodes: In this case, it is a lithium iron phosphate battery at the cathode. Its
characteristic data vary in accordance with the design and essentially depend on the electrode material and electrolyte used.
The most important characteristic data are the following:
Voltage of the battery cells
Sensitivity to temperature
Maximum allowable charging current
Maximum allowable discharge current
The lithium ion battery is mainly used as a power source for starting the combustion engine, for lighting and for other
electrical consumers in the vehicle electrical system.
The capacity of the lithium ion battery is 69 ampere-hours (Ah). At this capacity, the size of the battery housing is equivalent
to that of an AGM battery with 90 Ah.
The weight of the lithium ion battery is approx. 13.6 kilograms. The weight savings when compared to a 90 Ah AGM battery
is roughly 12 kilograms.
Note!
For faults on the local interconnect network bus, a "Diagnosis on Local Interconnect Network Bus" help
document is available in ISTA.
The battery electronics module monitors the voltage of the battery cells and equalises its state of charge. It also monitors the
temperature of the battery cells.
Battery isolating switch
A disconnect switch is located in the battery, which can switch-off the battery for protection. The voltage at the battery
terminals cannot be measured when switched off. This means that if voltage can no longer be measured at the battery
terminals, the battery is not necessarily faulty.
Behaviour of the battery isolating switch during fault statuses:
Fault status Condition for reactivation
Overvoltage Overvoltage is no longer applied. Voltage at the battery
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terminals less than 14 volts.
Undervoltage (protection from total Applying a voltage greater than 10 volts at the battery terminals
discharge) (e.g. with a charger).
Operation at high temperature Temperature of the battery is less than 80 °C.
Short circuit Applying a voltage greater than 10 volts at the battery terminals
(e.g. with a charger).
For the reactivation of the battery isolating switch, it is necessary to apply voltage on the battery terminals. This can take
place via a power pack, charger or a second battery (e.g. external start).
If using a charger it must have a mode for total discharged batteries or manually starting the charging procedure. Otherwise
the battery will not be detected and the charging procedure will not start.
Item Explanation Item Explanation
1 Battery housing 2 Positive battery terminal
3 Mounting bracket 4 Negative battery terminal
5 LIN bus connection 6 Vent hole
The following graphic shows the general inner views from the front and the rear.
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3 Battery electronics module 4 Battery isolating switch (relay 2)
System functions
Open-circuit voltage
The following graphic shows the voltage range comparison between a lithium ion battery and an AGM battery.
The open-circuit voltage is generally a dimension for the state of charge of a battery. For the lithium ion battery this is only
partly possible due to the flat characteristic voltage curve.
The open-circuit voltage of the lithium ion battery is considerably higher than that of a AGM battery.
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Item Explanation Item Explanation
1 Voltage in Volts 2 Open-circuit voltage of lithium
ion battery
3 Open-circuit voltage of AGM 4 State of charge in percent
battery
Item Explanation Item Explanation
A AGM battery B Lithium ion battery
1 Damage 2 Storage (no electric
operation)
3 Normal operation 4 Limited power
5 Only in a high state of charge
Energy recovery
The following two graphics show an energy recovery performance comparison between an AGM battery and a lithium ion
battery.
AGM battery:
Item Explanation Item Explanation
1 Capacity in ampere-hours 2 Voltage in Volts
3 Current in amperes 4 Time in seconds
5 Curve for state of charge 6 Current curve
7 Voltage curve
Lithium ion battery:
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3 Current in amperes 4 Time in seconds
5 Curve for state of charge 6 Current curve
7 Voltage curve
Note!
AGM battery: The service life of an AGM battery is typically assumed to be 300 to 400 full cycles. That comes to
a charge flow rate of approx. 36,000 Ah.
Lithium ion battery: With the chemicals used, up to 3000 full cycles are possible. This corresponds to a charge
flow rate of approx. 210,000 Ah.
Starting capability
The starting capability of the lithium ion battery is calculated by power management and displayed. The state of charge does
not drop below 20 % in the process due to reasons of safety.
In temperatures above 10 °C an engine start can actually be successful in case of low states of charge as well. The following
is an example of a new lithium ion battery at 25 °C.
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3 Battery voltage curve 4 State of charge curve
Attention!
Risk of damage!
The charging voltage that is generated by existing chargers that are designed for the lead-acid battery or AGM
battery is too high for the lithium ion battery.
This excessive charging voltage will result in damage to the lithium ion battery!
Therefore, the software for existing chargers must be updated prior to charging a lithium ion battery!
(Information regarding software updates: Contact the workshop equipment hotline)
Attention!
The maximum voltage is 14.4 V. This voltage must not be exceeded. The voltage for charging procedure is 14.0
V.
Attention!
Use chargers enabled by BMW (e.g. Deutronic charger DBL1200 and 1600).
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Diagnosis instructions
Note!
Note the service functions available for the battery in the diagnosis!
After installing a new battery, run the "Register battery exchange" service function. The battery replacement
must be registered in order to signal to the power management that a new battery has been installed in the
vehicle. If the battery exchange is not registered, the power management will not function properly. This can
result in the display of a Check Control message and in functional limitations, such as the reduction or switch-off
of individual consumers.
Path: Service functions > 03 Body > Voltage supply
We can assume no liability for printing errors or inaccuracies in this document and reserve the right to introduce technical
modifications at any time.