DEMONSTRATION OF THE CORRECT SELECTION OF HAND TOOLS

TYPES OF PLIERS

1. NEEDLE-NOSE PLIER

Their namesake long nose gives excellent control while the cutting edge near the
pliers' joint provides "one-tool" convenience. Because of their long shape they are
useful for reaching into small areas where cables or other materials have become stuck
or unreachable with fingers or other means.

2. MECHANICAL PLIER

Pliers are a hand tool used to hold objects firmly, possibly developed from tongs
used to handle hot metal in Bronze Age Europe. They are also useful for bending and
compressing a wide range of materials
3. VISE GRIP PLIER

Locking pliers (or Vise-Grips or a Mole wrench) are pliers that can be locked into
position, using an over-center toggle action. One side of the handle includes a bolt that
is used to adjust the spacing of the jaws, the other side of the handle (especially in
larger models) often includes a lever to push the two sides of the handles apart to
unlock the pliers..

4. COMBINATION PLIER

Combination pliers are multi-purpose pliers, combining gripping jaws with wire cutters.
They can be used for gripping, compressing, bending, twisting, extracting and cutting
various materials.

5. WIRE STRIPPER PLIER

A wire stripper is a small, hand-held device used to strip the electrical insulation from
electric wires.
 TYPES OF SCREW DRIVER

1. PHILIP SCREW DRIVER

Screwdriver, tool, usually hand-operated, for turning screws with slotted heads.
For screws with one straight diametral slot cut across the head, standard screwdrivers
with flat blade tips and in a variety of sizes are used.

2. FLAT HEAD SCREW DRIVER

A flat-head screwdriver is a screwdriver with a wedge-shaped flat tip used to

tighten or loosen screws that have a straight, linear notch in their heads.

3. HEX SCREW DRIVER

Hex screws can still be stripped, through it takes longer than other designs. To recap, a
hex key is a tool used to drive bolts and screws with a hexagonal socket.
 TYPES OF WRENCHES

1. Open-end wrench
This one-piece wrench is made double-ended with differing size openings for
opposite faces of bolts or nuts. The U-shaped opening on each end provides grip for
objects by flipping the wrench over to use the opposite side. For quick and easy use,
this wrench is flat and can fit over nuts and bolts in small spaces for tightening or
loosening. You may use an open-ended wrench for narrow project areas where a larger
or thicker wrench
won’t fit.

2. Combination wrench
Another double-ended tool, the combination wrench is made up of an open-end on
one side and a box-end on the other. The box-end side consists of a closed ring with
varying diameters on the inside that depend on the size of wrench. The combination
wrench is a multi-purpose tool with the open-end for tightening and loosening in small
spaces and the box-end for leverage and a firm grip around nuts and bolts.
3. Allen wrench
This type of wrench may sound familiar to you if you’ve ever built any furniture that
needed piecing together. These wrenches have L or T-shaped handles with hexagonal
shaped ends matching openings to bolts or screws. Though they are small, they are
typically used for pairing and holding objects together.

4. Torque Wrench
A torque wrench is a tool used to apply a specific torque to a fastener such as a nut
or bolt. It is usually in the form of a socket wrench with special internal mechanisms. A
torque wrench is used where the tightness of screws and bolts is crucial.
5. Adjustable wrench
If you don’t have the right size of wrench for a project or repair, an adjustable wrench
can save the day. Also known as a crescent wrench, this tool can adjust according to
size allowing you to use it on an assortment of bolts and nuts. While having an
adjustable wrench can get the job done, it should only be used when necessary. Due to
their versatility, they can tend to slip and slide along bolts when too much force is used.

TYPES OF HAMMERS

1. Ball-Peen Hammer

Sometimes called a machinist's hammer, a ball peen is a good choice for

working with metal. Its steel head is harder than that of a claw hammer, so is less likely
to chip on impact. Ball peen hammers are commonly used to drive cold chisels, set
rivets, and bend and shape metal.
2. SLEDGE HAMMER

Sledgehammers usually require two hands and a swinging motion involving

the entire torso, in contrast to smaller hammers used for driving in nails. The
combination of a long swinging range, and heavy head, increases the force of the
resulting impact.

3. CLAW HAMMER

A claw hammer is a tool primarily used for driving nails into, or pulling nails
from, some other object. Generally, a claw hammer is associated with woodworking but
is not limited to use with wood products.
4. RUBBER MALLET

A rubber mallet is a general use tool which can be used for many different
jobs. They are much lighter and cheaper than metal mallets and are much safer to use.
A rubber mallet is the most commonly used for impacting on another object.

5. SOFT FACE HAMMER

Soft-faced hammers are used for metal forming because they are able to
bend and shape metal without causing surface damage. Surface damage is problematic
for metals or finishes that are intended to be seen and have an aesthetic purpose. In
these situations, soft-faced hammers are preferred.
 TYPES OF MEASURING TOOLS

1. MICROMETER

A micrometer is a tool used for the precise measurement of very small

objects. A micrometer can measure the depth, length and thickness of whatever object
fits between its anvil and spindle. It is commonly used in mechanical engineering and
machining applications.

2. L - SQUARE

An L-square ruler is used by drawing a line from the ruler's corner to the
desired number on one of the ruler's scales. The ruler includes scales for halves, thirds
and eighths. An L-square (or tailor's square) is a two-armed ruler used to make reduced
scale patterns in pattern drafting.
3. LEVEL

A hand level is essentially a spirit level inside of a telescope. The device is

generally used by grading contractors and land surveyors to compare multiple points
against a reference point to get approximations of level or distance. Hand levels save
time compared to setting up a tripod and levelling instrument.

4. PRESSURE GAUGE

Instruments used to measure and display pressure in an integral unit are

called pressure meters or pressure gauges or vacuum gauges. A manometer (not to be
confused with manometer) is a good example, as it uses a column of liquid to both
measure and indicate pressure.
5. TAPE MEASURE

A tape measure or measuring tape is a flexible ruler and used to measure

distance. It consists of a ribbon of cloth, plastic, fibre glass, or metal strip with linear-
measurement markings. It is a common measuring tool.

OBJECTIVES

 Ensure that employees are properly trained in the safe use of hand tools.
 Always provide training on how to choose the right tool for the job, how to correctly use
each tool, and how to identify when tools need repair.
 Select the right tool for the job. Substitutes increase the chance of having an accident.
 Use tools designed to allow wrist to stay straight. Avoid using hand tools with your wrist
bent.
 Use good quality tools.
 Keep tools in good condition at all times.
 Inspect tools for defects before use. Replace or repair defective tools.
 Keep cutting tools sharp and cover sharp edges with a suitable covering to protect the
tool and to prevent injuries from unintended contact.
 Replace cracked, splintered, or broken handles on files, hammers, screwdrivers, or
sledges.
  Ensure that the handles of tools like hammers and axes fit tightly into the head of the
tool.
 Replace worn jaws on wrenches, pipe tools and pliers.
 Redress burred or mushroomed heads of striking tools.
 Pull on a wrench or pliers. Never push unless you hold the tool with your palm open.
 Point sharp tools (e.g., saws, chisels, knives) laying on benches away from aisles and
handles should not extend over the edge of the bench top.
 Maintain tools carefully. Keep them clean and dry, and store them properly after each
use.
 Carry tools in a sturdy tool box to and from the worksite.
 Wear safety glasses or goggles, or a face shield (with safety glasses or goggles) and well-
fitting gloves appropriate for the hazards to which you may be exposed when doing
various tasks.
 Keep the work environment clean and tidy to avoid clutter which may cause accidents.
 Use a heavy belt or apron and hang tools pointed down at your sides, not behind your
back.
 Keep the work space tidy. Store tools properly when not in use.

SUMMARY

 ALWAYS WEAR EYE PROTECTION.

 Wear the RIGHT SAFETY EQUIPMENT for the job.
 Use tools that are the RIGHT SIZE & RIGHT TYPE for your job.
 Follow the correct procedure for using EVERY tool.
 Keep your cutting tools SHARP and in good condition.
 DON’T work with OILY or GREASY hands.
 Handle SHARP-EDGED and POINTED TOOLS with care.
 Always carry pointed tools by your side with the points and heavy ends DOWN.
 SECURE all small work & short work with a vise or clamp.
 NEVER carry tools in your pockets.
 DON’T use tools which are LOOSE or CRACKED.
 KEEP your punches & chisels in good condition. Mushroomed heads can chip & cause
injuries.
 DON’T use a file without a HANDLE.
 DON’T pry or hammer with a FILE. It may shatter.
 DON’T use screwdrivers as chisels or pry bars.
 DON’T try to increase your leverage by using a “cheater” with a wrench. Wrenches are
designed at the right strength for their size and length.
 AFTER USING A TOOL — clean it and return it to its proper storage place.
 If anything breaks or malfunctions — report it to your supervisor AT ONCE.
 Use the RIGHT TYPE of tool for the job.
 NEVER place tools and materials where they hang on the edge of a bench.
 Don’t use tools for things they weren’t meant for.
 Store tools and materials vertically, with the points and heavy end down.
 Cut away from yourself when you use chisels and other edged tools.
 QUESTION
1. What are the things that you should consider in using proper Hand tools in
the workplace?

2. When is the proper time in checking the tools?

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