What?

Mental Health Facility / Behavioural Health Care Facility

These are facilities specializing in the treatment of:

I. Mental Health:

Mental health, as defined by the World Health Organization, is “a state of well-being in which every
individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work
productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community.”

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4471980/

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154543.php#definition

A short list of mental disorders that are not directly related to or caused by behaviours are:

 Bipolar disorder
 Schizophrenia
 Depression
 Generalized anxiety disorder

https://www.who.int/mental_health/management/en/

II. Behavioural health:

For every 10 people in a doctor’s office, seven are there seeking care for reasons related to
behavioural health, according to the Maine Health Access Foundation (MEHAF).

https://online.alvernia.edu/program-resources/behavioral-health-vs-mental-health/

https://mehaf.org/learning_resource/behavioral-health-electronic-health-record-survey-results

https://mehaf.org/wp-content/uploads/bh_electronichr_surveyresults.pdf

Behavioural health describes the connection between behaviours and the health and well-being of
the body, mind and spirit. This would include how behaviours like eating habits, drinking or
exercising impact physical or mental health.

the National Business Group on Health says behavioural health also includes both mental health and
substance use, encompassing a continuum of prevention, intervention, treatment and recovery
support services.

https://online.alvernia.edu/program-resources/behavioral-health-vs-mental-health/

behavioural health disorders result from maladaptive behaviours that negatively impact your physical
or mental condition. Some examples of behavioural health disorders are:

 Substance abuse
  Gambling
 Sex addiction
 Eating disorders

https://apibhs.com/2018/05/10/the-difference-between-mental-and-behavioral-health

Why?

With the growing population and the increased level of stress and trauma, the need for reintegration
has increased proportionately, but there aren’t adequate number of mental health facilities in India.

When it comes to countries, India is the most depressed country in the world, according to the
World Health Organisation, followed by China and the USA. India, China and the US are the most
affected countries by anxiety, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, according to WHO.

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/health-fitness/de-stress/india-is-the-6th-most-
depressed-country-who-report/articleshow/66179026.cms

“There is a lack of mental health facilities not just in Mumbai but other parts of the country
as well. Fundamental resources for handling mental health facilities are lacking big time
here. In the entire country, only a handful of psychologists, are trained and researching on
severe trauma cases” says Dr Kersi Chavda, a senior psychiatrist.
Experts state that there is a paucity of not just hospitals, but of doctors as well. Most
government hospitals have relegated their worst wards with the fewest beds to mental
illnesses

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/health-fitness/health-news/Are-mental-health-
facilities-in-India-adequate/articleshow/40190993.cms

Where?

Criteria for site selection:

I. The need for the facility – i) due to increased number of mental illness
ii) due to insufficient number of facilities to cater to the need
II. High connectivity
Since the nature of treatment can be residential, accessibility for patients from all over the
country must be facilitated

The selected site is located in Chennai for the following reasons:

I. In the year 2012, Chennai reported the highest total number of suicides at 2,183.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicide_in_India
II. Tamilnadu holds the 7th rank in increased number of crimes in India.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_and_union_territories_of_India_by_cri
me_rate
III. According to the survey of Magnitude of Substance Use in India, taken by Ministry of
Social Justice and Empowerment Government of India, the state of Tamilnadu
stands as the third most affected state with 37 lakhs of people who need help with
alcohol problems.
http://socialjustice.nic.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/Magnitude_Substance_Use_Ind
ia_REPORT.pdf
IV. Chennai is the most popular destination for medical treatment in India. It attracts
about 40% of the medial tourists and more than six lakh tourists visit the state every
year according to a study of Confederation of Indian Industries.
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Chennai-remains-favourite-destination-
of-medical-tourists/articleshow/19641239.cms
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322265916_DYNAMICS_OF_MEDICAL_T
OURISM_IN_INDIA-A_MICROSCOPIC_ANALYSIS
https://www.ijitee.org/wp-content/uploads/papers/v8i7s2/G10790587S219.pdf
V. Chennai has been rated the safest city in the country, going by the low crime rate
and better law enforcement, according to a survey on Quality of Living rankings
made by Mercer, a global consultancy firm.
The city in itself will give a taste of wellness retreat to the patients coming from all
over the country for betterment.

https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/chennai-rated-the-safest-
city-in-india/article8277935.ece
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chennai
VI. Chennai is well connected to several Indian cities as well as
international metropolises.
https://www.tourism-of-india.com/chennai/

Cons of selecting the site in Chennai:

I. Chennai has a well-established mental hospital IMH, - Kilpauk, similar to any other
metropolitan city
II. According to the survey of Magnitude of Substance Use in India, taken by Ministry
of Social Justice and Empowerment Government of India, a number of North Indian
states are affected by all forms of substance abuse compared to the South, hence
the establishment of such a facility in a metropolitan city in the North would be
beneficial for the states and cities around. The ease of transportation can generate
a good inflow of patients
The study, conducted by Cosmos Institute of Mental Health and Behavioural
Sciences(CIMBS) and WFMH covered 10,233 individuals across 175 districts of UP,
Punjab, Haryana, Himachal, Delhi, Uttarakhand and J&K.

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/access-to-mental-healthcare-is-tough-for-
50-of-people-study/articleshow/71512849.cms

http://indianmhs.nimhans.ac.in/Docs/Summary.pdf

Scope

I. inpatient settings

involve an overnight or longer stay in a psychiatric hospital or psychiatric unit. Inpatient hospitals
provide treatment to more severely ill mental health patients, usually for less than 30 days. A person
admitted to an inpatient setting might be in the acute phase of a mental illness and need help
around the clock. Typically, a person who requires long-term care would be transferred to another
facility or a different setting within a psychiatric hospital setting after 30 days of inpatient treatment
 II. Outpatient Settings

While there is wide variety in the types of outpatient settings, they all involve office visits with no
overnight stay.

III. Partial hospitalization programs (PHPs),

also called “day programs,” refer to outpatient programs that patients attend for six or more hours a
day, every day or most days of the week. These programs, which are less intensive than inpatient
hospitalization, may focus on psychiatric illnesses and/or substance abuse. They will commonly offer
group therapy, educational sessions and individual counselling.

IV. Support Group Sessions

Everyday People challenged with similar concerns and experiences forming self help groups to
provide advice and support.

V. Residential mental health treatment environments

generally, provide longer-term care for individuals. Most residential treatment settings provide
medical care but are designed to be more comfortable and less like a hospital ward than inpatient
hospitals such as:

i. Psychiatric residential centres

are tailored to people with a chronic psychiatric disorder, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder,
or who have a dual diagnosis, which impairs their ability to function independently.

ii. Alcohol and drug rehabilitation facilities

are inpatient centres that treat addictions and may provide detoxification services. Patients typically
reside in this type of facility for 30 days but stays may be individualized according to the needs.

iii. Telepsychiatry, Telemental Health Services

refers to the remote delivery of psychiatric assessment and care, or psychological support and
services, via telephone or the Internet using email, online chat or videoconferencing. Most
commonly, these services improve access to care for individuals with mental health issues living in
remote locations or underserved areas, or who can’t leave home due to illness, emergencies or
mobility problems.
 VI. Research and training centre

VII. Interacting Hub

Includes AV, recreational spaces, suites, cafe, etc.

LIVE CASE STUDY

NIMHANS, Bangalore

Institute of Mental Health (IMH), Chennai

NET CASE STUDY

McLean Hospitals, Belmont, Massachusetts

Massachusetts General Hospital

University of Arizona Behavioural Health Pavilion & Crisis Response Centre

Acadia Healthcare

Challenge

To break the shame and stigma associated with mental illness, to create an environment that is
inviting, one that can act as a Wellness Centre rather than mental hospital.

The shame and stigma associated with mental illness, still looms large, say experts.
People use words like mad, asylum, carelessly: The term mental illness has been sold very
poorly, says Varkha. “People are labelled crazy, screwed up, mad, bonkers, etc if they seek
help. The connotation is so negative when you say you need help, that, people are as hamed
to admit it to themselves or their families that they are not in a good place,” she says

“Sometimes, it is depression or obsessive thoughts, but people exaggerate the symptoms

and bracket the person as ‘insane’ which is sad. A mental asylum is only for chronic cases. I
think rehabilitation facilities is a better word,” Seema adds

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/health-fitness/health-news/Are-mental-health-
facilities-in-India-adequate/articleshow/40190993.cms